CN109462292B - Resonance reactive power shielding method and system of planar wireless power transmission system - Google Patents
Resonance reactive power shielding method and system of planar wireless power transmission system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109462292B CN109462292B CN201811132545.2A CN201811132545A CN109462292B CN 109462292 B CN109462292 B CN 109462292B CN 201811132545 A CN201811132545 A CN 201811132545A CN 109462292 B CN109462292 B CN 109462292B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/70—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power involving the reduction of electric, magnetic or electromagnetic leakage fields
Abstract
The invention relates to a resonance reactive power shielding method and a system of a planar wireless power transmission system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a shielding coil is arranged at the periphery of a coil of the wireless power transmission system, and a matching capacitor for adjusting the capacitance value of the shielding coil is arranged in the shielding coil; generating an induced voltage in the shield coil by using a leakage magnetic field generated by a coil of the wireless power transmission system itself, thereby generating a current in the shield coil; the size of adjustment shield coil and the capacitance value of matching electric capacity make the electric current in the shield coil of flowing through produce with the elimination magnetic field of leakage magnetic field opposite direction, eliminate the magnetic field with the leakage magnetic field offsets each other to reduce the leakage magnetic field. The resonance reactive power shielding system of the planar wireless power transmission system provided by the invention has a simple structure, the additional source shielding coil and the additional load shielding coil are small in size and are passive elements, the power transmission efficiency is negligibly reduced, and the resonance reactive power shielding system can be applied to other mobile applications.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wireless power transmission, in particular to a resonance reactive power shielding method and system of a planar wireless power transmission system.
Background
Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) is the transfer of power from a power source to a load without the use of electrical conductors, the process of transferring power without conductive cables having a long history, starting from nikola tesla, but most of the technological advances in practical WPT applications have occurred in recent years, and while WPT technology mobile devices are becoming more popular, the electromagnetic field (EMF) generated by WPT systems has solved the following disadvantages:
1. constitutes a potential hazard to the safety of the user: EMF generated by the transmitting and receiving coils generates electrical current and heat in the body, which can cause nerve, muscle and tissue stimulation, and changes in the central nervous system.
2. The existing shielding method has large redundancy: many shielding approaches meet the regulations on EMF leakage for WPT systems, including the use of ferromagnetic materials, conductive shielding and active cancellation, however, these shielding approaches typically require increased space, weight, cost and power consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the above technical problem, as an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a resonance reactive power shielding method for a planar wireless power transmission system, including the steps of:
step 1, a shielding coil in a closed loop is arranged on the periphery of a coil of a wireless power transmission system, and a matching capacitor for adjusting the capacitance value of the shielding coil is connected in series in the shielding coil;
step 2, generating induced voltage in the shielding coil by utilizing a leakage magnetic field generated by the coil of the wireless power transmission system, so as to generate current in the shielding coil;
and 3, adjusting the size of the shielding coil and the capacitance value of the matching capacitor to enable the current flowing through the shielding coil to generate a magnetic field eliminating opposite to the leakage magnetic field, and offsetting the leakage magnetic field through the magnetic field eliminating.
Furthermore, the coil of the wireless power transmission system comprises a source coil and a load coil, the shielding coil comprises a source shielding coil in a closed loop and a load shielding coil in a closed loop, the source shielding coil is arranged at the periphery of the source coil, the load shielding coil is arranged at the periphery of the load coil, and matching capacitors for adjusting the capacitance values of the corresponding coils are connected in series in the source shielding coil and the load shielding coil;
induced voltage is generated in the source shielding coil and the load shielding coil by the leakage magnetic field generated in the source coil and the load coil, and current is generated in the source shielding coil and the load shielding coil by the induced voltage;
through the size of adjustment source shielding coil and load shielding coil and the capacitance value that corresponds the matching capacitance, make the electric current that flows through in source shielding coil and the load shielding coil produce with the elimination magnetic field of leakage magnetic field opposite direction, the elimination magnetic field offsets the leakage magnetic field that produces in source coil and the load coil.
Further, the source shielding coil is concentric and coplanar with the source coil, and the load shielding coil is concentric and coplanar with the load coil.
Further, the adjusting the capacitance value of the matching capacitor specifically includes:
adjusting the size of a matching capacitor of the source shielding coil to enable the impedance of the capacitor in the source shielding coil to be smaller than the impedance of the inductor in the source shielding coil;
and adjusting the size of the matching capacitor of the load shielding coil to enable the impedance of the capacitor in the load shielding coil to be smaller than the impedance of the inductor in the load shielding coil.
Further, the current of the source coil and the current of the load coil are 90 degrees out of phase.
As an aspect of the present invention, a resonant reactive power shielding system of a planar wireless power transmission system is provided, including a wireless power transmission system and a shielding coil in a closed loop, where the shielding coil is disposed at the periphery of the coil of the wireless power transmission system, and a matching capacitor for adjusting a capacitance value of the shielding coil is connected in series in the shielding coil;
the shielding coil is used for generating induction voltage by utilizing the leakage magnetic field of the coil of the wireless power transmission system, so that current is generated in the shielding coil, the current flowing through the shielding coil generates a magnetic field which is eliminated in the opposite direction of the leakage magnetic field by adjusting the size of the shielding coil and the capacitance value of the matching capacitor, and the magnetic field is eliminated to offset the leakage magnetic field generated in the source coil and the load coil.
Further, the coil of the wireless power transmission system comprises a source coil and a load coil, the shielding coil comprises a source shielding coil and a load shielding coil which are closed loops, the source shielding coil is arranged at the periphery of the source coil, the load shielding coil is arranged at the periphery of the load coil, and matching capacitors for adjusting capacitance values of the corresponding coils are respectively connected in series in the source shielding coil and the load shielding coil;
generating a leakage magnetic field in the source coil and the load coil, wherein the leakage magnetic field generates induced voltage in the source shielding coil and the load shielding coil, and current is generated in the source shielding coil and the load shielding coil through the induced voltage;
through the size of adjustment source shielding coil and load shielding coil and the capacitance value that corresponds the matching capacitance, make the electric current that flows through in source shielding coil and the load shielding coil produce with the elimination magnetic field of leakage magnetic field opposite direction, the elimination magnetic field offsets the leakage magnetic field that produces in source coil and the load coil to reduce the leakage magnetic field, realize wireless power transmission system's resonance reactive power shielding.
Further, the source shielding coil is concentric and coplanar with the source coil, and the load shielding coil is concentric and coplanar with the load shielding coil.
Further, the source shielding coil, the source coil, the load shielding coil and the load coil have equal corresponding resistance, capacitance and inductance.
Further, the current of the source coil and the current of the load coil are 90 degrees out of phase.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in addition, the resonance reactive power shielding system of the planar wireless power transmission system provided by the invention has a simple structure, the additional source shielding coil and the additional load shielding coil are small in size and are passive elements, the negligible reduction of the power transmission efficiency can be realized, and the resonance reactive power shielding system can be applied to other mobile applications.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a topology of a system design proposed by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the direction of the magnetic field generated by the system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a phasor diagram of the magnetic flux generated by the proposed system;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the position relationship between the shield coil and the source and load coils
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit model of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing another position relationship between the shield coil and the source and load coils according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the magnetic field distribution based on the amplitude and phase of the resonant frequency of the shield coil according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a diagram of the magnitude of the magnetic field of the proposed system.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with examples, which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method proposed by the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, a resonant reactive power shielding method of a planar wireless power transmission system includes the following steps:
step 1, a shielding coil in a closed loop is arranged on the periphery of a coil of a wireless power transmission system, and a matching capacitor for adjusting the capacitance value of the shielding coil is connected in series in the shielding coil;
step 2, generating induced voltage in the shielding coil by utilizing a leakage magnetic field generated by the coil of the wireless power transmission system, so as to generate current in the shielding coil;
step 3, through the size of adjustment shield coil and the capacitance value of matching electric capacity, make the electric current in the shield coil of flowing through produce with the magnetic field of elimination of leakage magnetic field opposite direction, eliminate the magnetic field with the leakage magnetic field offsets each other, through eliminate the magnetic field and offset the leakage magnetic field to reduce the leakage magnetic field, realize wireless power transmission system's resonance reactive power shielding.
Preferably, the coil of the wireless power transmission system includes a source coil and a load coil, the shielding coil includes a source shielding coil in a closed loop and a load shielding coil in a closed loop, the source shielding coil is disposed at the periphery of the source coil, the load shielding coil is disposed at the periphery of the load coil, and matching capacitors for adjusting capacitance values of the corresponding coils are respectively connected in series in the source shielding coil and the load shielding coil;
induced voltage is generated in the source shielding coil and the load shielding coil by the leakage magnetic field generated in the source coil and the load coil, and current is generated in the source shielding coil and the load shielding coil by the induced voltage;
through the size of adjustment source shielding coil and load shielding coil and the capacitance value that corresponds the matching capacitance, make the electric current that flows through in source shielding coil and the load shielding coil produce with the elimination magnetic field of leakage magnetic field opposite direction, the elimination magnetic field offsets the leakage magnetic field that produces in source coil and the load coil to reduce the leakage magnetic field, realize wireless power transmission system's resonance reactive power shielding.
Preferably, the source shielding coil and the source coil are concentric and coplanar, and the load shielding coil and the load coil are concentric and coplanar, that is, a central point of the source shielding coil and a central point of the source coil are at the same position and an upper surface of the source shielding coil and an upper surface of the source coil are at the same plane, a central point of the load shielding coil and a central point of the load coil are at the same position and an upper surface of the load shielding coil and an upper surface of the load coil are at the same plane.
Preferably, the capacitance value of the matching capacitor is specifically:
adjusting the size of a matching capacitor of the source shielding coil to enable the impedance of the capacitor in the source shielding coil to be smaller than the impedance of the inductor in the source shielding coil;
and adjusting the size of the matching capacitor of the load shielding coil to enable the impedance of the capacitor in the load shielding coil to be smaller than the impedance of the inductor in the load shielding coil.
Preferably, the current of the source coil and the current of the load coil are 90 degrees out of phase.
In addition, the resonance reactive power shielding system of the planar wireless power transmission system is simple in structure, the additional source shielding coil and the additional load shielding coil are small in size and are passive elements, the power transmission efficiency is negligibly reduced, and the resonance reactive power shielding system can be applied to other mobile applications.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a topology of a system design proposed by the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the source shielding coil is a closed loop of an electrical conductor surrounding the source coil, the load shielding coil is a closed loop of an electrical conductor surrounding the load coil, matching capacitors are connected in series in the source shielding coil and the load shielding coil, induced voltages are generated in the source shielding coil and the load shielding coil by using leakage magnetic fields generated at the peripheries of the source coil and the load coil, currents are generated in the source shielding coil and the load shielding coil by the induced voltages, and cancellation magnetic fields opposite to the leakage magnetic fields are generated by the currents flowing through the source shielding coil and the load shielding coil.
Without the source and load shield coils, the magnetic field generated by the WPT coil is determined by the source and load coils, as shown in fig. 3 (a);
as shown in fig. 3(b), a source shield coil and a load shield coil are provided in the WPT coil, and by adjusting the capacitance value of the matching capacitor, the source shield coil generates a current having a phase opposite to that of the source coil current, the load shield coil generates a current having a phase opposite to that of the load coil, and the current flowing through the shield coil generates a cancel magnetic field, thereby reducing a leakage magnetic field.
Specifically, the self-resonant frequency ω of the shielding coil may be smaller than the operating frequency of the WPT system by adjusting the matching capacitance, and the self-resonant frequency of the shielding coil may be represented as:
wherein L isShIs parasitic inductance of the shield coil, CShThe self-resonance frequency of the shielding coil can be changed by changing the size of the matching capacitor for the sum of the parasitic capacitance generated by the matching capacitor and the shielding coil.
In addition, for maximum power transfer, the phase difference between the currents in the source coil and the load coil should be 90 °, in which case the total magnetic field of the wireless power transmission system when the shield coil is not provided may be expressed as the sum of the magnetic fields generated by the source coil and the load coil, as shown in fig. 4(a) as the total magnetic field of the wireless power transmission system when the shield coil is not provided, expressed as a first formula:
wherein
In order to generate the magnetic field for the source coil,
is the magnetic field generated by the load coil.
When a shield coil is added to the WPT coil, the total leakage magnetic field is determined by the sum of the three magnetic fields generated by the three current components: the magnetic field generated by the source coil current, the magnetic field generated by the load coil current, and the magnetic field generated by the shield coil current, respectively, are shown in fig. 4(b), and thus the total leakage magnetic field of the proposed coil model is expressed as a second formula
Wherein
For the magnetic field generated by the source shield coil,
the magnetic field generated by the shield coil is shielded for the load,
as shown in the second formula, if the shield coil generates a magnetic field having the same magnitude and 180 ° phase difference as the first formula, the total leakage magnetic field at the observation point is ideally zero, and therefore, generating an appropriate cancellation magnetic field is the most important aspect in the design of the shield coil.
The position of the shield coil is also important to increase shielding performance because the magnetic vector varies according to the position of the coil, and preferably, the source shield coil is concentric with the source coil and the upper surface of the source shield coil is in the same plane as the upper surface of the source coil, and the load shield coil is concentric with the load coil and the upper surface of the load shield coil is in the same plane as the upper surface of the load coil.
As shown in fig. 5, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer diameters of the load coil and the source coil are 60mm, the vertical height between the load coil and the source coil is 30mm, the load shield coil and the load coil are concentric coils on the same horizontal plane, the source shield coil and the source coil are concentric coils on the same horizontal plane, the outer diameters of the load shield coil and the source shield coil are both 70mm, and the inner diameters of the load shield coil and the source shield coil are both 68 mm.
As shown in fig. 6(a), four coils mutually generate an induced magnetic field, wherein fig. 4(b) is a single shielding coil taken out for analysis, the coil of fig. 6(b) can be a source shielding coil or a load shielding coil, as shown in fig. 6(b), the shielding coil is characterized by an equivalent circuit model consisting of a parasitic inductance Lsh, a parasitic resistance Rsh and a sum Csh of a matching capacitance and a parasitic capacitance, the impedance of the shielding coil controls the magnitude and phase of a current in the shielding coil, the impedance of the shielding coil should be carefully selected, and the shielding coil current determines the shielding efficiency and the transmission efficiency.
In order to control the magnitude and phase of the current in the shield coils, a matching capacitor is added to the shield coils, and each shield coil (V) is used when the flux generated from the WPT coil induces a voltage on each shield coilind) The induced voltage above is expressed as a third equation as follows:
Vind＝-jωMi1，
where ω is the angular frequency, M is the mutual inductance between the two coils, i1Is a current flowing in the WPT coil, and a current induced in the shield coil by the magnetic flux generated by the WPT coil is expressed as follows, as a fourth formula:
the load coil topology in the WPT system is symmetrical, and the impedance of the shield coil is the same, i.e. the impedance of the shield coil, the load coil and the source coil is the same, and their respective resistances, capacitances and inductances are also equal, so that the currents of the source coil and the load shield coil are described by the same equation.
As shown in fig. 7, the shield coil having matching capacitance that determines the resonant frequency and impedance of the shield coil is a peripheral device of the source and load coils.
As shown in fig. 8, which illustrates the magnitude of the magnetic field generated by the source coil and the load shield coil, the current in the shield coil increases as the shield coil resonant frequency approaches the operating frequency (6.78 MHz).
In region 2, the resonant frequency of the shield coil is higher than the operating frequency, as shown in fig. 8(a), in which region the shield coil capacitance is greater than the shield coil inductance. The impedance value of the shield coil is represented by Zsh ═ 1/(j ω Ceq) + Rsh, where the equivalent capacitance of the shield coil Ceq is represented by 1/Ceq ═ 1/Csh- ω 2Lsh, and assuming that 1/ω Ceq > Rsh, the fourth equation may be transformed into the following fifth equation:
in this region, the shield coil generates the same magnetic field as the leakage magnetic field, as shown in fig. 8 (b). Thus, the magnetic field generated by the shield coil will increase the leakage magnetic field rather than cancel it.
In contrast, in region 1, where the resonant frequency of the shield coil is lower than the operating frequency, where the inductance Lsh of the shield coil is greater than the capacitance of the shield coil Csh, the impedance of the shield coil may instead be Zsh ═ j ω Leq + Rsh where Leq ═ Lsh-1/ω 2Csh, and if Rsh > L ω Leq, the fourth equation may be transformed into the following sixth equation:
in this region, as shown in fig. 8(b), the current in the shield coil generates a magnetic field in the opposite direction to the leakage magnetic field, and the resonant frequency of the shield coil should be lower than the operating frequency to cancel the leakage magnetic field.
In order to design a shield coil having an optimum shielding performance, the magnitude of the magnetic field generated by the shield coil is set to be in the opposite direction to the leakage magnetic field but to be equal to the magnitude of the leakage magnetic field by adjusting the magnitude of the shield coil and the capacitance of the matching capacitor.
Considering the resonant frequency of the shield coil, the total leakage magnetic field considering the magnitude and phase of the magnetic field can be as shown in fig. 9, and the resonant frequency coil of the shield coil should be lower than the operating frequency to reduce the leakage magnetic field.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (4)
1. A resonance reactive power shielding method of a planar wireless power transmission system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, a shielding coil in a closed loop is arranged on the periphery of a coil of a wireless power transmission system, and a matching capacitor for adjusting the capacitance value of the shielding coil is connected in series in the shielding coil;
step 2, generating induced voltage in the shielding coil by utilizing a leakage magnetic field generated by the coil of the wireless power transmission system, so as to generate current in the shielding coil;
step 3, by adjusting the size of the shielding coil and the capacitance value of the matching capacitor, enabling the current flowing through the shielding coil to generate a magnetic field elimination opposite to the leakage magnetic field, and offsetting the leakage magnetic field through the magnetic field elimination;
wherein a self-resonant frequency of the shield coil is less than an operating frequency of a wireless power transfer system;
the coil of the wireless power transmission system comprises a source coil and a load coil, the shielding coil comprises a source shielding coil in a closed loop and a load shielding coil in a closed loop, the source shielding coil is arranged at the periphery of the source coil, the load shielding coil is arranged at the periphery of the load coil, and matching capacitors for adjusting the capacitance values of the corresponding coils are connected in series in the source shielding coil and the load shielding coil;
induced voltage is generated in the source shielding coil and the load shielding coil by the leakage magnetic field generated in the source coil and the load coil, and current is generated in the source shielding coil and the load shielding coil by the induced voltage;
by adjusting the sizes of the source shielding coil and the load shielding coil and the capacitance value of the corresponding matching capacitor, current flowing through the source shielding coil and the load shielding coil generates a magnetic eliminating field in the direction opposite to the leakage magnetic field, and the magnetic eliminating field counteracts the leakage magnetic field generated in the source coil and the load coil;
the source shielding coil and the source coil are concentric and coplanar, the load shielding coil and the load coil are concentric and coplanar, the phase of the current of the source coil and the phase of the current of the load coil are different by 90 degrees, and the impedances of the shielding coil, the load coil and the source coil are the same.
2. The resonant reactive power shielding method of the planar wireless power transmission system according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the adjusting of the capacitance value of the matching capacitor of the shielding coil is specifically:
adjusting the size of a matching capacitor of the source shielding coil to enable the impedance of the capacitor in the source shielding coil to be smaller than the impedance of the inductor in the source shielding coil;
and adjusting the size of the matching capacitor of the load shielding coil to enable the impedance of the capacitor in the load shielding coil to be smaller than the impedance of the inductor in the load shielding coil.
3. A resonance reactive power shielding system of a planar wireless power transmission system comprises the wireless power transmission system and is characterized by further comprising a shielding coil in a closed loop, wherein the shielding coil is arranged on the periphery of a coil of the wireless power transmission system, and a matching capacitor for adjusting the capacitance value of the shielding coil is connected in series in the shielding coil;
the shielding coil is used for generating induction voltage by utilizing a leakage magnetic field of a coil of the wireless power transmission system, so that current is generated in the shielding coil, the current flowing through the shielding coil generates a cancellation magnetic field in the direction opposite to the leakage magnetic field by adjusting the size of the shielding coil and the capacitance value of the matching capacitor, and the cancellation magnetic field and the leakage magnetic field are mutually offset, so that the leakage magnetic field is reduced, and the resonance reactive power shielding of the wireless power transmission system is realized;
wherein a self-resonant frequency of the shield coil is less than an operating frequency of a wireless power transfer system;
the coil of the wireless power transmission system comprises a source coil and a load coil, the shielding coil comprises a source shielding coil in a closed loop and a load shielding coil in a closed loop, the source shielding coil is arranged at the periphery of the source coil, the load shielding coil is arranged at the periphery of the load coil, and matching capacitors for adjusting the capacitance values of the corresponding coils are connected in series in the source shielding coil and the load shielding coil;
induced voltage is generated in the source shielding coil and the load shielding coil by the leakage magnetic field generated in the source coil and the load coil, and current is generated in the source shielding coil and the load shielding coil by the induced voltage;
by adjusting the sizes of the source shielding coil and the load shielding coil and the capacitance value of the corresponding matching capacitor, current flowing through the source shielding coil and the load shielding coil generates a magnetic eliminating field in the direction opposite to the leakage magnetic field, and the magnetic eliminating field counteracts the leakage magnetic field generated in the source coil and the load coil;
the source shielding coil and the source coil are concentric and coplanar, the load shielding coil and the load shielding coil are concentric and coplanar, the phase of the current of the source coil and the phase of the current of the load coil are different by 90 degrees, and the impedances of the shielding coil, the load coil and the source coil are the same.
4. A resonant reactive power shielding system of a planar wireless power transmission system according to claim 3, wherein the corresponding resistances, capacitances and inductances in the source shielding coil, the source coil, the load shielding coil and the load coil are all equal.
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