CN109460925A - A kind of platform area group of assets Performance Evaluation Methods based on BP neural network - Google Patents
A kind of platform area group of assets Performance Evaluation Methods based on BP neural network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The platform area group of assets evaluation method based on BP neural network that the invention discloses a kind of, comprising: performance appraisal indices in platform area are standardized;BP neural network evaluation model is constructed, and performance value is normalized;According to the comprehensive performance of BP neural network model evaluation platform area group of assets.The present invention is by filtering out evaluation index relevant to platform area group of assets comprehensive performance, using the BP neural network study performance evaluating index based on LM algorithm optimization and the non-linear relation between platform area group of assets performance, and then BP neural network evaluation model is obtained, pass through the comprehensive performance of BP neural network model evaluation platform area group of assets.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of evaluation methods, and in particular to a kind of platform area group of assets performance appraisal based on BP neural network
Method.
Background technique
With the rapid development of China's power industry, the unit-area management work of various regions power supply at present lacks effective management means
And Performance Management.Unit-area management be to electric power enterprise in the management means of distribution network and power marketing a germplasm fly
Jump, it requires electric power enterprise to have preferable basis and higher level and Xiang Shi in human, financial, and material resources and information management
The marketing system answered.Unit-area management master be to solve some such as distribution lines are chaotic, line loss is excessively high, human factor is excessive,
Arrearage is excessive, stealing is ferocious sticks up, lacks the problems such as supervision.It is platform area integrated pipe by constructing platform area group of assets comprehensive evaluation model
The smooth development for managing real work provides scientific basis.
In reality, although various regions, office, city also carry out respective marketing system according to the pertinent regulations of provincial electric power company
Necessary improvement, but be to continue to use original some classical management approach and means nearly all to go out after having tried one or two years mostly
Such or such problem is showed, line loss is still excessively high, and practitioner is still difficult to manage and lack supervision etc., unit-area management
Work is carried out very not smooth.
In recent years, the development of neural network theory and application are assessed for group of assets provides new approaches.Neural network assessment
Group of assets can use the powerful self-learning ability of network, Generalization Ability and Nonlinear Processing ability without founding mathematical models
It is fitted non-linear relation complicated between platform area performance and evaluation index, therefore using neural network algorithm can be with overall merit
The performance of platform area group of assets.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of platform area based on BP neural network
Group of assets Performance Evaluation Methods are calculated by filtering out evaluation index relevant to platform area group of assets comprehensive performance using based on LM
Non-linear relation between the BP neural network study performance evaluating index and platform area group of assets performance of method optimization, and then obtain BP
Neural network model of performance appraisal passes through the comprehensive performance of BP neural network model evaluation platform area group of assets.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of platform area group of assets Performance Evaluation Methods based on BP neural network, it is characterised in that the method includes following
Step:
Step 1: performance appraisal indices in platform area are standardized;
Step 2: building BP neural network evaluation model, and performance value is normalized;
Step 3: according to the comprehensive performance of BP neural network model evaluation platform area group of assets.
In the step 1, if platform area number is N, the three-level evaluation index in each area is M, the achievement of the area NGe Tai sample
It imitates evaluation index and forms platform area performance feature vector, X, have:
Wherein, xijThe i-th row, jth column element for platform area performance feature vector, X, i=1,2 ..., N, j=1,2 ..., M;
Platform area performance evaluating index is standardized, is had:
Wherein, ZijFor xijAmount after standardization,For xijAverage value, sijFor xijVariance.
The step 2 the following steps are included:
Step 2-1: building BP neural network evaluation model:
BP neural network model includes input layer, hidden layer and output layer, and the transmission function f (a) between each layer is used
Logsig function, has:
Wherein, the independent variable of a transmission function f (a) between each layer, 0 < f (a) < 1;
Step 2-2: platform area group of assets items performance evaluating index is normalized:
If platform area performance is d, platform area group of assets performance d is normalized using formula (6), is had:
Wherein, di' for the value after the normalization of i-th area's comprehensive performance, diFor the performance score in i-th area, dminFor
The minimum value of all area's performance, dmaxFor the maximum value in all area's performance, α, β are constant, and 0.9 < α <, 1,0 < β <
0.1。
The step 3 the following steps are included:
Step 3-1: using BP neural network model to ZijAnd di' carry out learning training;
Step 3-2: platform area performance evaluating index is brought into BP neural network model, calculates platform area comprehensive performance d.
In the step 3-1, for any area, since the performance evaluating index in each area is M, so input layer
Containing M BP neuron, input layer input vector is set then as Zr=(Z1,Z2,…,Zm,…,ZM)T, the output vector of hidden layer
For Yr=(y1,y2,…,yp,…,yP)T, the output vector of output layer is or=(o1,o2,…,ol,…,oL)T, desired output to
Amount is dr=(d1,d2,…,dl,…,dL)T, wherein T indicates transposition, ZmFor m-th of BP neuron of input layer, ypFor hidden layer
P-th of BP neuron, o1For the 1st neuron of output layer, d1For the 1st desired throughput, P is the BP nerve of hidden layer
First number, L are the BP neuron number of output layer, m=1,2 ..., M, p=1,2 ..., P, l=1,2 ..., L;Input layer is to hidden
Weight and threshold value containing layer are respectively wmpAnd bmp, the weight and threshold value of hidden layer to output layer are respectively wplAnd bpl;
Then, using BP neural network model to ZijAnd di' carry out learning training forward-propagating process it is as follows:
Output error e is indicated are as follows:
Using BP neural network model to ZijAnd di' carry out learning training back-propagation process it is as follows:
In (n+1)th iterative process, e is unfolded by Taylor's formula, obtains formula (10):
E (w (n+1))=e (w (n))+gT(n)Δw(n)+0.5ΔwT(n)A(n)Δw(n) (10)
Wherein, w (n) is the weight during nth iteration, and e (w (n)) is output error during nth iteration;w(n
It+1) is the weight in (n+1)th iterative process, e (w (n+1)) is the output error in (n+1)th iterative process;G (n) is ladder
Vector is spent, T indicates transposition;Δ w (n) is the variable quantity of (n+1)th with weight during nth iteration, i.e. Δ w (n)=w (n+1)-
W (n), as Δ w (n)=- A-1(n) when g (n), e (w (n+1)) obtains minimum value;A (n) is Hessian matrix;
Hessian matrix A (n) is indicated using LM algorithm are as follows:
A (n)=JTJ (11)
Wherein, J is Jacobian matrix;
Gradient vector g (n) is indicated are as follows:
G (n)=JTe(12)
W (n+1) is corrected with following formula:
W (n+1)=w (n)-[JTJ+μI]-1JTe (13)
Wherein, I is unit vector, and μ is constant;
Similarly, the threshold value b (n+1) in (n+1)th iterative process is corrected with following formula:
B (n+1)=b (n)-[JTJ+μI]-1JTe (14)
Wherein, b (n) is the threshold value during nth iteration.
The present invention is by filtering out evaluation index relevant to platform area group of assets comprehensive performance, using based on LM algorithm optimization
BP neural network study performance evaluating index and platform area group of assets performance between non-linear relation, and then obtain BP nerve net
Network evaluation model passes through the comprehensive performance of BP neural network model evaluation platform area group of assets.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) present invention is fitted platform area achievement using the powerful self-learning ability of network, Generalization Ability and Nonlinear Processing ability
Complicated non-linear relation between effect and evaluation index, without establishing complicated mathematical model;
2) the platform area group of assets Performance Evaluation Methods proposed by the present invention based on BP neural network have fast convergence, high-precision
The advantages that spending.
3) the platform area group of assets Performance Evaluation Methods proposed by the present invention based on BP neural network, which can be evaluated, does not survey
Platform area performance score, provide technical support for the performance management of platform area.
Detailed description of the invention
Platform area group of assets Performance Evaluation Methods flow chart in Fig. 1-embodiment of the present invention based on BP neural network;
BP neural network model structure schematic diagram in Fig. 2-embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
A kind of platform area group of assets Performance Evaluation Methods based on BP neural network, which comprises
1. a pair platform area performance appraisal indices are standardized.Place is standardized to platform area performance evaluating index
Before reason, first determining table area Performance Index, as shown in table 1:
Table 1
Platform area performance evaluating index is the input as neural network algorithm, that is, independent variable.Each index value has
Different units and magnitude only distinguishes the size of value data for neural network algorithm, not can reflect data
Unit.In order to preferably apply above-mentioned algorithm, needs to eliminate the influence of each index Jian Bu commensurate and magnitude logarithm, prevent out
The phenomenon that existing " big number eats decimal ".And the standardization of data is exactly to be allowed to fall into one small specific by data bi-directional scaling
Section removes the unit limitation of data, is translated into nondimensional pure values.
If platform area number is N, the three-level evaluation index in each area is M, the performance evaluating index group of the area NGe Tai sample
Cheng Taiqu performance feature vector, X, has:
Wherein, xijThe i-th row, jth column element for platform area performance feature vector, X, i=1,2 ..., N, j=1,2 ..., M;
Platform area performance evaluating index is standardized, is had:
Wherein, ZijFor xijAmount after standardization,For xijAverage value, sijFor xijVariance.
2. constructing BP neural network evaluation model, and performance value is normalized.Specifically have:
Step 2-1: building BP neural network evaluation model:
BP neural network model includes input layer, hidden layer and output layer, and the transmission function f (a) between each layer is used
Logsig function, has:
Wherein, the independent variable of a transmission function f (a) between each layer, 0 < f (a) < 1;
Step 2-2: platform area group of assets items performance evaluating index is normalized:
If platform area performance is d, platform area group of assets performance d is normalized using formula (6), is had:
Wherein, di' for the value after the normalization of i-th area's comprehensive performance, diFor the performance score in i-th area, dminFor
The minimum value of all area's performance, dmaxFor the maximum value in all area's performance, α, β are constant, and 0.9 < α <, 1,0 < β <
0.1。
3. according to the comprehensive performance of BP neural network model evaluation platform area group of assets.
The training process of BP neural network platform area group of assets Evaluation Model for Performance, network parameter are provided that the number of iterations
1000, according to network mean square error is according to the minimal error generated in model verification process, it is set as 0.0001, the network number of plies
1 layer, input neuronal quantity is 13, and output neuron quantity is 1, and hidden neuron quantity is 18, initial weight and threshold value with
Machine generates.
Algorithm 3-1: the BP neural network training based on the evaluation platform area group of assets performance that matlab code is realized
Algorithm 3-1 is the training process for carrying out Evaluation Model for Performance to platform area group of assets using BP neural network, is first had to
Input training data and desired output;Then network parameter is set, which mainly realizes when creating network, main to wrap
The quantity for including setting hidden neuron is 18, the quantity of output layer neuron is 1, the form of transfer function be tansig and
Logsig, the optimization algorithm used are LM algorithms, are indicated in matlab with the form of trainlm, and minmax function is mainly used
It is standardized in input data, newff is for creating neural network and each parameter being arranged;The number of iterations is finally set
With defined network error, network is trained using train function, while saving network mode.
Then, the training process of BP neural network platform area group of assets Evaluation Model for Performance: firstly the need of the new test of input
Then sample is standardized test sample and carries out ability prediction using trained network.Algorithm 3-2: it is based on
The BP neural network model measurement for the evaluation platform area group of assets performance that matlab code is realized
Algorithm 3-2 is the test process for carrying out Evaluation Model for Performance to platform area group of assets using BP neural network, sharp first
With load function input test sample test.txt;Then the data newly inputted are evaluated using sim function, sim function
Parameter include network mode net and standardization after test sample.
The results show that based on BP neural network evaluation model in the effect that training effectiveness, precision of prediction and sample are verified
It meets and performance appraisal is carried out to platform area group of assets, be based particularly on the BP neural network evaluation number prediction rate of LM optimization algorithm
Reach 99.5%, illustrates that the platform area group of assets Evaluation Model for Performance based on BP neural network is feasible to the practical problem is solved
's.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of platform area group of assets Performance Evaluation Methods based on BP neural network, it is characterised in that this method includes following step
It is rapid:
Step 1: performance appraisal indices in platform area are standardized;
Step 2: building BP neural network evaluation model, and performance value is normalized;
Step 3: according to the comprehensive performance of BP neural network model evaluation platform area group of assets;
In the step 1, if platform area number is N, the three-level evaluation index in each area is M, and the performance of the area NGe Tai sample is commented
Valence index forms platform area performance feature vector, X, has:
Wherein, xijThe i-th row, jth column element for platform area performance feature vector, X, i=1,2 ..., N, j=1,2 ..., M;
Platform area performance evaluating index is standardized, is had:
Wherein, ZijFor xijAmount after standardization,For xijAverage value, sijFor xijVariance;
The step 2 the following steps are included:
Step 2-1: building BP neural network evaluation model:
BP neural network model includes input layer, hidden layer and output layer, and the transmission function f (a) between each layer uses logsig
Function has:
Wherein, the independent variable of a transmission function f (a) between each layer, 0 < f (a) < 1;
Step 2-2: platform area group of assets items performance evaluating index is normalized:
If platform area performance is d, platform area group of assets performance d is normalized using formula (6), is had:
Wherein, d 'iValue after being normalized for i-th area's comprehensive performance, diFor the performance score in i-th area, dminIt is all
The minimum value of platform area performance, dmaxFor the maximum value in all area's performance, α, β are constant, and 0.9 < α <, 1,0 < β < 0.1;
The step 3 the following steps are included:
Step 3-1: using BP neural network model to ZijWith d 'iCarry out learning training;
Step 3-2: platform area performance evaluating index is brought into BP neural network model, calculates platform area comprehensive performance d.
2. the platform area group of assets Performance Evaluation Methods according to claim 1 based on BP neural network, it is characterised in that: institute
It states in step 3-1, for any area, since the performance evaluating index in each area is M, so input layer contains M BP
Neuron, if input layer input vector is Zr=(Z1,Z2,…,Zm,…,ZM)T, the output vector of hidden layer is Yr=(y1,
y2,…,yp,…,yP)T, the output vector of output layer is or=(o1,o2,…,ol,…,oL)T, desired output vector is dr=
(d1,d2,…,dl,…,dL)T, wherein T indicates transposition, ZmFor m-th of BP neuron of input layer, ypIt is p-th of hidden layer
BP neuron, o1For the 1st neuron of output layer, d1For the 1st desired throughput, P is the BP neuron number of hidden layer, L
For the BP neuron number of output layer, m=1,2 ..., M, p=1,2 ..., P, l=1,2 ..., L;Power of the input layer to hidden layer
Value and threshold value are respectively wmpAnd bmp, the weight and threshold value of hidden layer to output layer are respectively wplAnd bpl;
Using BP neural network model to ZijWith d 'iThe forward-propagating process for carrying out learning training is as follows:
Output error e is indicated are as follows:
Using BP neural network model to ZijWith d 'iThe back-propagation process for carrying out learning training is as follows:
In (n+1)th iterative process, e is unfolded by Taylor's formula, obtains formula (10):
E (w (n+1))=e (w (n))+gT(n)Δw(n)+0.5ΔwT(n)A(n)Δw(n) (10)
Wherein, w (n) is the weight during nth iteration, and e (w (n)) is output error during nth iteration;w(n+1)
For the weight in (n+1)th iterative process, e (w (n+1)) is the output error in (n+1)th iterative process;G (n) be gradient to
Amount, T indicate transposition;Δ w (n) is the variable quantity of (n+1)th with weight during nth iteration, i.e. Δ w (n)=w (n+1)-w
(n), as Δ w (n)=- A-1(n) when g (n), e (w (n+1)) obtains minimum value;A (n) is Hessian matrix;
Hessian matrix A (n) is indicated using LM algorithm are as follows:
A (n)=JTJ (11)
Wherein, J is Jacobian matrix;
Gradient vector g (n) is indicated are as follows:
G (n)=JTe (12)
W (n+1) is corrected with following formula:
W (n+1)=w (n)-[JTJ+μI]-1JTe (13)
Wherein, I is unit vector, and μ is constant;
Similarly, the threshold value b (n+1) in (n+1)th iterative process is corrected with following formula:
B (n+1)=b (n)-[JTJ+μI]-1JTe (14)
Wherein, b (n) is the threshold value during nth iteration.
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