CN109459614B - Spectrum analyzer and signal searching method thereof - Google Patents
Spectrum analyzer and signal searching method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109459614B CN109459614B CN201811496516.4A CN201811496516A CN109459614B CN 109459614 B CN109459614 B CN 109459614B CN 201811496516 A CN201811496516 A CN 201811496516A CN 109459614 B CN109459614 B CN 109459614B
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Abstract
A spectrum analyzer and its method for searching signal, the spectrum analyzer includes the attenuation module, oscillator, frequency mixing module, ADC module, top management module and display module, the oscillator produces the frequency sweep signal under the control of top management module, in order to scan the whole signal frequency band within the measuring range; the main control module is configured with the initial attenuation degree of the attenuation module as the minimum attenuation degree, detects the digital intermediate frequency signal output by the ADC module by taking the maximum RBW of the spectrum analyzer as the initial value, judges whether the spectrum analyzer generates power overflow, records the detected signal and reduces the RBW when the power overflow does not occur, re-scans and detects the signal, and records the detected signal until the RBW is adjusted to be the minimum; the attenuation is increased when power overflow occurs and rescanning is performed until power overflow no longer occurs. All signals in a measurement range can be detected under the condition that the resolution bandwidth and the attenuation degree are allowed, and the multi-frequency point search of the signals is realized, so that the requirements of complex application scenes can be met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of spectrum analyzers, in particular to a spectrum analyzer and a signal searching method thereof.
Background
The spectrum analyzer is an instrument for researching the spectrum structure of an electric signal, can display the spectrum characteristics of an input signal in a frequency domain, can be used for measuring signal parameters such as signal distortion degree, modulation degree, frequency stability, spectrum purity and the like of circuit systems such as an amplifier, a filter and the like, is a common tool in the aspects of research, development, production, inspection and the like of electronic products, and is very wide in application.
The spectrum analyzer is mainly used for observing and analyzing signals, the signals input into the spectrum analyzer are known in advance or cannot be known in advance, some signals are required by engineers, some signals are unwanted signals, or signals influencing product development, in practical application, the signals can be collectively called unknown signals, and no matter which kind of signals are, the engineers need to search the signals through the spectrum analyzer for further analysis. At present, the method for searching unknown signals by using a spectrum analyzer is as follows: the spectrum analyzer carries out full-scan scanning under the condition of maximum input attenuation, if a signal is detected in the process, the parameter of the signal is recorded, the parameter is automatically set to be in the optimal parameter display state, and then the process is ended; if no signal is detected in the process, gradually reducing the attenuator until the attenuation degree of the attenuator reaches the minimum, carrying out full-scanning width scanning under the current attenuation degree every time the attenuation degree is reduced in the process of reducing the attenuation degree, and if a signal is detected in the scanning process, recording the parameter of the signal and automatically setting the parameter to be in the optimal parameter display state; if no signal is detected until the attenuation degree of the attenuator is reduced to the minimum, gradually reducing the Resolution Bandwidth (RBW) until the RBW reaches the minimum, in the process, carrying out full-scanning under the current RBW every time the RBW is reduced, recording the parameters of the signal and automatically setting the parameters to be in the optimal parameter display state if the signal is detected in the scanning process, otherwise, considering that no signal exists in the searching range and ending the process.
When the existing method is adopted to search unknown signals, the process is ended as long as the signals are searched, only one unique signal can be searched, the signal with the maximum power is the signal with the maximum power, and the requirement of a complex application scene cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a spectrum analyzer and a signal searching method thereof, which can search multiple frequency points of signals to obtain all signals in a measuring range, and meet the requirements of complex application scenarios.
According to a first aspect, an embodiment provides a spectrum analyzer, including an attenuation module, an oscillator, a mixing module, an analog-to-digital conversion unit, a main control module, and a display module;
the attenuation module is used for attenuating the power of the input signal into the power adaptive to the spectrum analyzer under the control of the main control module;
the oscillator is used for generating frequency-sweeping signals with changed frequency under the control of the main control module so as to sweep the whole signal frequency band in the measuring range;
the frequency mixing module is used for mixing the signal attenuated by the attenuation module with a sweep frequency signal generated by the oscillator to obtain an intermediate frequency signal;
the analog-to-digital conversion module is used for converting the intermediate frequency signal generated by the frequency mixing module into a digital intermediate frequency signal and outputting the digital intermediate frequency signal to the main control module;
the main control module is used for configuring the initial attenuation degree of the attenuation module as the minimum attenuation degree, detecting the digital intermediate frequency signal in a measurement range by taking the maximum resolution bandwidth of the spectrum analyzer as an initial value, judging whether the power overflow of the spectrum analyzer occurs or not, recording the detected signal and reducing the resolution bandwidth when the power overflow does not occur, controlling the oscillator to rescan the whole signal frequency range in the measurement range, then carrying out signal detection again and recording the detected signal until the resolution bandwidth is adjusted to be minimum; when power overflow occurs, the master control module increases the attenuation degree of the attenuation module and controls the oscillator to rescan the whole signal frequency band within the measurement range until the power overflow does not occur any more or the attenuation degree is adjusted to be maximum;
the display is used for displaying all signals recorded by the main control module.
According to a second aspect, there is provided in an embodiment a method of a spectrum analyzer searching for a signal, comprising:
the method comprises the steps that initial attenuation of an attenuation module is configured to be minimum attenuation, the maximum resolution bandwidth of a spectrum analyzer is taken as an initial value, a digital intermediate frequency signal is detected in a measuring range, and the digital intermediate frequency signal is obtained by mixing an input signal and a sweep frequency signal;
judging whether the spectrum analyzer generates power overflow;
when the power overflow does not occur, recording the detected signal and reducing the resolution bandwidth, scanning the whole signal frequency band in the measurement range again, then detecting the signal again and recording the detected signal until the resolution bandwidth is adjusted to the minimum;
when power overflow occurs, the attenuation degree of the attenuation module is increased, and the whole signal frequency band in the measurement range is scanned again until the power overflow does not occur any more or the attenuation degree is adjusted to the maximum.
According to the spectrum analyzer and the method for searching the signal thereof in the embodiment, when the power overflow does not occur, the spectrum analyzer reduces the resolution bandwidth and performs scanning again, and detects and records the detected signal again in the measuring range until the resolution bandwidth is adjusted to the minimum; and when the power overflow occurs, the attenuation degree of the attenuation module is increased and scanning is performed again until the power overflow does not occur any more or the attenuation degree is adjusted to be maximum. All signals in the measuring range can be detected under the condition that the resolution bandwidth and the attenuation degree are allowed, so that the multi-frequency point search of the signals is realized, and the requirements of complex application scenes can be met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a spectrum analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of a spectrum analyzer searching for a signal according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of a spectrum analyzer searching for a signal according to another embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a spectrum analyzer according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for searching a signal by a spectrum analyzer according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. In some instances, certain operations related to the present application have not been shown or described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the core of the present application from excessive description, and it is not necessary for those skilled in the art to describe these operations in detail, so that they may be fully understood from the description in the specification and the general knowledge in the art.
Furthermore, the features, operations, or characteristics described in the specification may be combined in any suitable manner to form various embodiments. Also, the various steps or actions in the method descriptions may be transposed or transposed in order, as will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art.
The signals referred to herein are unknown signals to be searched for unless otherwise specified.
For a spectrum analyzer, the power of the input signal which can be accepted by the spectrum analyzer is limited, and the power of the input signal which can be accepted is maximized when the attenuation degree of the attenuator is maximized, so that the scanning is usually started from the maximum attenuation degree of the attenuator to protect the safety of the spectrum analyzer. That is, under the same condition, the larger the attenuation degree of the attenuator is, the larger the power of the input signal that can be received by the spectrum analyzer is, but the higher the background noise (i.e., background noise) is, the larger the minimum power boundary of the signal that can be detected is, i.e., the larger the minimum signal that can be detected is; the reverse is true.
Meanwhile, the minimum power of the signal that can be detected by the spectrum analyzer is limited, and when the attenuation degree of the attenuator is 0 and the Resolution Bandwidth (RBW) of the spectrum analyzer is minimum, the power of the signal that can be detected is minimum. That is, under the same condition, the smaller the RBW value is, the higher the frequency resolution is, the lower the background noise is at this time, the smaller the minimum power boundary of the detectable signal is, but the longer the signal processing time is; the reverse is true.
In addition, for a spectrum analyzer, under the same condition, the wider the scanned frequency domain is, the longer the scanning time is; and the narrower the frequency domain of the scan, the shorter the scan time.
In the embodiment of the invention, a spectrum analyzer attenuates an input signal by taking the minimum attenuation degree as an initial value, and the attenuated signal is mixed with a sweep frequency signal generated by an oscillator to obtain an intermediate frequency signal; then, the intermediate frequency signal is detected within the measurement range with the maximum resolution bandwidth as an initial value. When the spectrum analyzer generates power overflow, increasing the attenuation degree of the attenuation module and scanning again until the power overflow does not occur any more or the attenuation degree is adjusted to be maximum; when the spectrum analyzer does not generate power overflow, the detected signal is recorded, the resolution bandwidth is reduced, scanning is carried out again, then signal detection is carried out again in the measuring range, and the detected signal is recorded until the resolution bandwidth is adjusted to the minimum. This gives all the signals in the measurement range, which are then displayed.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the present embodiment provides a spectrum analyzer, a schematic structural diagram of which is shown in fig. 1, and mainly includes an attenuation module 11, an oscillator 12, a mixing module 13, an analog-to-digital conversion module 14, a main control module 15, and a display module 16. The attenuation module 11 is configured to attenuate, under the control of the main control module 15, the power of the input signal to a power adapted to the spectrum analyzer; the oscillator 12 is configured to generate a frequency-sweeping signal with a changed frequency under the control of the main control module 15, so as to sweep the entire signal frequency band within the measurement range; the frequency mixing module 13 is configured to mix the frequency-swept signal generated by the oscillator 12 with the signal attenuated by the attenuation module 11 to obtain an intermediate frequency signal; the analog-to-digital conversion module 14 is configured to convert the intermediate frequency signal generated by the frequency mixing module 13 into a digital intermediate frequency signal, and output the digital intermediate frequency signal to the main control module 15; the main control module 15 is configured to configure the initial attenuation degree of the attenuation module 11 as a minimum attenuation degree, detect the digital intermediate frequency signal output by the analog-to-digital conversion module 14 in a measurement range with a maximum resolution bandwidth of the spectrum analyzer as an initial value, determine whether the spectrum analyzer has power overflow, record the detected signal and reduce the resolution bandwidth when the spectrum analyzer has no power overflow, control the oscillator 12 to rescan the whole signal frequency band in the measurement range, then perform signal detection in the measurement range again and record the detected signal until the resolution bandwidth is adjusted to a minimum; when the spectrum analyzer has power overflow, the main control module 15 is further configured to increase the attenuation degree of the attenuation module 11 and control the oscillator 12 to rescan the entire signal frequency band within the measurement range until power overflow does not occur any more or the attenuation degree is adjusted to the maximum; the display module 16 is used for displaying all signals recorded by the main control module 15.
In practical applications, the spectrum analyzer further comprises an alarm device 17, the alarm device 17 is configured to send an abnormal alarm signal to prompt the user of power overload when the spectrum analyzer has power overflow and the attenuation degree of the attenuator 11 has been adjusted to the maximum, the alarm device 17 may be, for example, an indicator light, a buzzer, or a combination of an indicator light and a buzzer, and the alarm device 17 may be configured to send a buzzer sound through the indicator light, or a combination of the indicator light and the buzzer as the abnormal alarm signal to prompt the user of the spectrum analyzer that the power overload is abnormal.
Based on the spectrum analyzer shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for searching a signal by a spectrum analyzer, which is illustrated in a flowchart in fig. 2, and the method may include the following steps:
step 101: and configuring the initial attenuation degree and the resolution bandwidth.
The main control module 15 configures the minimum attenuation degree of the attenuation module 11 as the initial attenuation degree of the attenuation module 11, and configures the maximum resolution bandwidth of the spectrum analyzer as the initial resolution bandwidth of the spectrum analyzer.
Step 102: a scan is initiated.
After the attenuation and the resolution bandwidth are configured, the main control module 15 controls the oscillator 12 to start scanning, so that the oscillator 12 scans within a search frequency range to generate a frequency sweep signal with a changed frequency.
Step 103: and detecting the digital intermediate frequency signal.
After an input signal is input into the spectrum analyzer, the input signal is attenuated by the attenuation module 11, the attenuated signal and a sweep frequency signal generated by the oscillator 12 are mixed in the frequency mixing module 13 to obtain an intermediate frequency signal, and the intermediate frequency signal is converted into a digital intermediate frequency signal by the analog-to-digital conversion module 14 and then input into the main control module 15. The main control module 15 detects the digital intermediate frequency signal to see whether there is a signal in the search amplitude range. Wherein, the search frequency range and the search amplitude range are the measurement range of the spectrum analyzer.
Step 104: it is determined whether a power overflow occurs.
The main control module 15 simultaneously judges whether the power overflow occurs to the spectrum analyzer, if the power overflow occurs, the current scanning of the spectrum analyzer is finished, and step 105 is executed; if no power overflow occurs, step 107 is performed.
Step 105: and judging whether the attenuation degree is the maximum attenuation degree.
The main control module 15 judges whether the current attenuation degree of the attenuation module 11 is the maximum attenuation degree of the attenuation module 11, if so, the process is ended; if not, go to step 106.
Step 106: the degree of attenuation is increased.
When the main control module 15 judges that the current attenuation degree of the spectrum analyzer is smaller than the maximum attenuation degree of the attenuation module 11, the current attenuation degree of the spectrum analyzer is increased, and then the step 102 is continued.
Step 107: the detected signal is recorded.
When the main control module 15 judges that the spectrum analyzer does not generate power overflow, the detected effective signals are recorded, namely, the signals meeting the search amplitude range are recorded.
Step 108: and judging whether the resolution bandwidth is the minimum resolution bandwidth or not.
After the main control module 15 records the detected signal, it determines whether the current resolution bandwidth of the spectrum analyzer is the minimum resolution bandwidth, if not, step 109 is executed; if yes, all signals within the measurement range are obtained at this time, and step 110 is executed.
Step 109: reducing the resolution bandwidth.
When the main control module 15 determines that the current resolution bandwidth of the spectrum analyzer is not the minimum resolution bandwidth, the resolution bandwidth is reduced, and the step 102 is continued.
Step 110: and displaying the signal.
The main control module 15 sends all signals within the measurement range to the display module 16 for display.
The spectrum analyzer and the signal searching method thereof provided by the embodiment can detect all signals in a measuring range under the condition of permission of resolution bandwidth and attenuation degree, and realize multi-frequency point searching of the signals so as to meet the requirements of complex application scenarios.
Example two:
for the input signal of the spectrum analyzer, the user only concerns the signal itself sometimes, only concerns the interference signal therein sometimes, and can estimate that the number of the interference signals does not exceed a certain value, so that the user can estimate the number of the signals based on the estimated number of the signals as the preset number of the signals.
In this embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, a preset number N of signals (N is an integer greater than or equal to 1) is configured for the spectrum analyzer, so that the spectrum analyzer searches for N signals within the measurement range.
Specifically, the main control module 15 is further configured to receive a preset signal number N set by a user, and when it is determined that the power overflow of the spectrum analyzer does not occur, the main control module 15 determines whether the number of detected signals is smaller than N, records the detected signals and reduces the resolution bandwidth when the number of detected signals is smaller than N, and then detects and records the detected signals again until N signals are detected or the resolution bandwidth is adjusted to the minimum.
Based on this, the present embodiment provides another method for searching a signal by a spectrum analyzer, and the flowchart thereof is shown in fig. 3, and the method may include the following steps:
step 201: and acquiring the number of preset signals.
The user can estimate the number of signals in advance, and the estimated value is used as the preset number of signals N, or the preset number of signals N is directly set according to the requirement; the main control module 15 obtains a preset signal number N set by a user.
Step 202: and configuring the initial attenuation degree and the resolution bandwidth.
For the spectrum analyzer used, let us note that the maximum RBW that can be used is max _ RBW, which is a configurable intrinsic value provided by the spectrum analyzer, let us note that the minimum attenuation (i.e., the minimum attenuation of the attenuation module 11) is min _ Att, and min _ Att is 0. The main control module 15 of the spectrum analyzer configures min _ Att ═ 0 to the attenuation module 11, and sets the current resolution bandwidth cur _ Rbw of the spectrum analyzer to max _ rbw. That is, cur _ Rbw is max _ rbw, and the current attenuation degree cur _ Att is min _ Att is 0.
Step 203: a scan is initiated.
The measurement range of the spectrum analyzer comprises a search amplitude range (min _ Pow to max _ Pow) and a search frequency range (min _ Freq to max _ Freq), wherein min _ Pow is a minimum search amplitude, max _ Pow is a maximum search amplitude, min _ Freq is a minimum search frequency, and max _ Freq is a maximum search frequency. The measurement range can be estimated and determined by a user according to a specific application scene, and if the user does not estimate, the measurement range is an inherent effective measurement range of the used spectrum analyzer.
After the attenuation and the resolution bandwidth are configured, the main control module 15 controls the oscillator 12 to start scanning, so that the oscillator 12 scans within a search frequency range to generate a frequency sweep signal with a changed frequency.
Step 204: and detecting the digital intermediate frequency signal.
The specific process of the main control module 15 for detecting the digital if signal can be seen in step 103.
Step 205: it is determined whether a power overflow occurs.
The main control module 15 simultaneously judges whether the power overflow occurs to the spectrum analyzer, and when the power overflow occurs, the step 206 to the step 208 are executed; when no power overflow occurs, step 209 and the following steps are performed.
Step 206: and judging whether the attenuation degree is smaller than the maximum attenuation degree.
When judging that the power overflow occurs in the spectrum analyzer, the main control module 15 determines whether the current attenuation degree of the spectrum analyzer (i.e. the current attenuation degree of the attenuation module 11) is smaller than the maximum attenuation degree of the attenuation module 11, and executes step 207 when the current attenuation degree cur _ Att is smaller than the maximum attenuation degree, otherwise executes step 208. The maximum attenuation level that the spectrum analyzer can use is a settable intrinsic value provided by the spectrum analyzer, which can be denoted as max _ Att.
Step 207: the degree of attenuation is increased.
When the main control module 15 determines that cur _ Att is smaller than max _ Att, it increases cur _ Att, uses the increased attenuation as the current attenuation cur _ Att of the spectrum analyzer, and keeps cur _ Rbw unchanged, and re-executes step 203 and the following steps. In an embodiment, the main control module 15 may increase cur _ Att by a bisection method, specifically: the value of (cur _ Att + max _ Att)/2 or an approximation thereof is found, and then cur _ Att is switched to the value or the approximation.
Step 208: and (5) alarming for abnormality.
When the main control module 15 determines that cur _ Att is greater than or equal to max _ Att, the control alarm device 17 sends an abnormal alarm signal to prompt the user of power overload.
Step 209: and judging whether the number of the detected signals is less than the preset number of signals.
When determining that the power overflow of the spectrum analyzer does not occur, the main control module 15 determines whether the number of detected signals is less than N, and if so, executes steps 210 to 211; otherwise, step 212 is performed.
Step 210: and judging whether the resolution bandwidth is larger than the minimum resolution bandwidth or not.
When determining that the number of the detected signals is smaller than N, the main control module 15 determines whether the current resolution bandwidth cur _ Rbw is larger than the minimum resolution bandwidth min _ rbw of the spectrum analyzer, if so, execute step 211, otherwise execute step 212. The min _ RBW is an inherent characteristic of the spectrum analyzer and can be determined according to the minimum search amplitude min _ Pow, specifically, the spectrum analyzer generally requires that the background noise is smaller than min _ Pow, so that the background noise can be determined, and then the corresponding RBW is found according to the background noise to be min _ RBW.
Step 211: reducing the resolution bandwidth.
When the master control module 15 determines that cur _ Rbw is greater than min _ rbw, cur _ Rbw is decreased, the current resolution bandwidth cur _ Rbw of the spectrum analyzer is used as the reduced resolution bandwidth cur _ Att, and the process is resumed from step 203. In an embodiment, the main control module 15 may reduce cur _ Rbw by a bisection method, specifically: the value of (cur _ Rbw + min _ rbw)/2 or an approximation thereof is found, and then cur _ Rbw is switched to the value or the approximation.
Step 212: and displaying the signal.
The main control module 15 stops the detection when judging that the number of the detected signals is greater than or equal to N, and all the recorded signals are the preset number of signals, namely the preset number of signals searched by the spectrum analyzer in the measurement range; or, the main control module 15 stops the detection when it is determined that cur _ Rbw is less than or equal to min _ rbw, and all signals recorded at this time are signals searched by the spectrum analyzer in the measurement range. At this time, the main control module 15 sends the searched signals to the display module 16 for displaying.
According to the spectrum analyzer and the signal searching method thereof provided by the embodiment, the number of unknown signals can be estimated by a user according to a specific application scene, N signals meeting a search amplitude range can be searched from a search frequency range by setting the preset signal number N under the condition that the resolution bandwidth and the attenuation degree are allowed, and the N signals are all displayed, so that multi-point search of the signals is realized, and the requirement that the user needs to evaluate a plurality of signals at the same time is met.
Example three:
in practical applications, it is generally possible to estimate the signal to be searched, for example, interference below a certain decibel of the signal generally has no practical effect on the system, or the power of the signal to be searched cannot generally be higher than a certain value because the input of the spectrum analyzer is protected; moreover, the signals are all active, and the frequency band where the signals or the interference occur can be estimated according to the application scene. Based on the method, when the signal is estimated, the search amplitude range and the search frequency range of the signal can be estimated, the preset search amplitude range and the preset search frequency range are obtained, and the preset measurement range is obtained and is used as the measurement range of the spectrum analyzer.
On the basis of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, the spectrum analyzer can search for signals in a preset measurement range, specifically, the main control module 15 obtains the preset measurement range set by the user, that is, obtains a preset search amplitude range and a preset search frequency range, then, the main control module 15 controls the oscillator 12 to scan in the preset search frequency range, generates a frequency sweep signal with a changed frequency, and inputs the frequency sweep signal to the frequency mixing module 13; when the main control module 15 receives the digital intermediate frequency signal output by the analog-to-digital conversion module 14, the digital intermediate frequency signal is detected, and all signals meeting a preset search amplitude range are searched out, or N signals meeting the preset search amplitude range are searched out, where N is a preset number of signals.
Based on this, before executing step 101 or step 201, the spectrum analyzer first executes a step of acquiring a preset measurement range, specifically:
the user can estimate the signal according to a specific application scene to obtain a search amplitude range (min _ Pow to max _ Pow) and a search frequency range (min _ Freq to max _ Freq) of the signal, namely a preset search amplitude range and a preset search frequency range are obtained and are used as a preset measurement range to set the spectrum analyzer, at the moment, the main control module 15 of the spectrum analyzer receives the preset measurement range set by the user and determines the preset measurement range set by the user as a final measurement range.
In practical applications, if the user does not make an estimation, the main control module 15 determines the inherent effective measurement range of the spectrum analyzer to be the final measurement range.
According to the spectrum analyzer and the method for searching the signal by the spectrum analyzer, the spectrum analyzer can obtain the search amplitude range and the search frequency range set by a user to limit the spectrum analyzer to search the signal only in the search amplitude range and the search frequency range, so that the time wasted by searching in an invalid region by the spectrum analyzer can be greatly saved, the search time is effectively shortened, and the efficiency of searching for useful signals is accelerated.
Example four:
based on the spectrum analyzer of the first, second, or third embodiment, the present embodiment provides another spectrum analyzer, and a schematic structural diagram thereof is shown in fig. 4, which is different from the first, second, or third embodiment, the spectrum analyzer provided in the present embodiment further includes a frequency counting module 18, where the frequency counting module 18 is configured to perform frequency counting on all signals detected by the main control module 15 one by one, so as to obtain a signal list after the frequency counting. At this time, the main control module 15 is further configured to obtain a maximum amplitude, a maximum frequency, and a minimum frequency of the signal in the signal list, and then determine a waveform display parameter of the signal by using the maximum amplitude as a reference amplitude and using the maximum frequency and the minimum frequency as a reference frequency; the display module 16 is configured to display signals in the signal list according to the waveform display parameter determined by the main control module 15.
Based on the spectrum analyzer shown in fig. 4, the present embodiment provides another method for searching a signal by a spectrum analyzer, and a flowchart thereof refers to fig. 5, and the method may include the following steps:
step 301: and acquiring a preset measurement range and a preset signal quantity.
A user can pre-estimate the signal according to a specific application scene to obtain a preset search amplitude range and a preset search frequency range, and the preset search amplitude range and the preset search frequency range are used as a preset measurement range to set a spectrum analyzer; meanwhile, the user can estimate the number of signals or directly set the preset number of signals N according to the requirement. The main control module 15 of the spectrum analyzer obtains the preset measurement range and the preset signal number set by the user.
Step 302: the range of resolution bandwidth and attenuation is determined.
The main control module 15 determines the maximum resolution bandwidth max _ rbw and the maximum attenuation max _ Att of the spectrum analyzer according to the parameters of the spectrum analyzer and the obtained preset measurement range, and records the minimum resolution bandwidth min _ rbw and the minimum attenuation min _ Att as 0, so as to obtain the range allowed by the resolution bandwidth and the attenuation.
Step 303: and configuring the initial attenuation degree and the resolution bandwidth.
Step 304: a scan is initiated.
Step 305: and detecting the digital intermediate frequency signal.
Step 306: it is determined whether a power overflow occurs.
The main control module 15 determines whether the power overflow occurs in the spectrum analyzer, and if the power overflow occurs, the steps 307 to 309 are executed; when the spectrum analyzer does not overflow, the steps 310 and the following steps are executed.
Step 307: and judging whether the attenuation degree is smaller than the maximum attenuation degree.
The main control module 15 executes step 308 when determining that the current attenuation cur _ Att is smaller than the maximum attenuation, otherwise executes step 309.
Step 308: the degree of attenuation is increased.
Step 309: and (5) alarming for abnormality.
Step 310: and judging whether the number of the detected signals is less than the preset number of signals.
When determining that the spectrum analyzer does not generate power overflow, the main control module 15 determines whether the number of detected signals is less than N, if so, performs step 311, otherwise, directly performs steps 313 to 315.
Step 311: and judging whether the resolution bandwidth is larger than the minimum resolution bandwidth or not.
The main control module 15 determines whether the current resolution bandwidth cur _ Rbw is greater than the minimum resolution bandwidth min _ rbw of the spectrum analyzer, if so, step 312 is executed, otherwise, steps 313 to 315 are executed.
Step 312: reducing the resolution bandwidth.
The specific processes of the steps 303 to 312 can be referred to the processes of the same steps in the second embodiment.
Step 313: and counting the frequency.
When the main control module 15 judges that the number of the detected signals is greater than or equal to N, the spectrum analyzer stops scanning, and it is considered that the signals with the preset number of signals are searched in the preset measurement range; alternatively, when the main control module 15 determines that cur _ Rbw is less than or equal to min _ rbw, the spectrum analyzer stops scanning, and all signals recorded at this time are all signals within a preset measurement range of the spectrum analyzer, that is, signals searched by the spectrum analyzer within the preset measurement range. At this time, the frequency counting module 18 performs frequency counting on all the detected signals one by one to obtain a signal list after the frequency counting. All the detected signals or signals with a preset number of signals are signals satisfying a preset search range (min _ Pow to max _ Pow).
For each of these searched signals, when frequency counting is performed, zero sweep is performed for each signal, the frequency is recorded as f _ peak, and the true frequency of the signal is recorded as f _ true. Since f _ peak and f _ true are generally not equal, the signal f _ mixer after mixing is a single tone signal (i.e. sinusoidal signal) with frequency (f _ peak-f _ true). The frequency counter module 18 can calculate two phase values θ (n) and θ (n-1) of the f _ mixer at adjacent sampling points (taking the sampling period of the signal f _ mixer as Ts), for example, by using CORDIC algorithm (coordinate rotation digital calculation method). In the digital domain, the phase-to-frequency relationship is a differential relationship, which can be expressed as: f _ mixer ═ (θ (n) - θ (n-1))/(2 × pi × Ts), when the magnitude of f _ mixer is obtained, the value of f _ true is f _ true ═ f _ peak-f _ mixer, which is equivalent to compensating the signal frequency through frequency shifting, so that the accurate frequency of the signal is obtained. Thus, the frequency precision of the signal is greatly improved.
Step 314: waveform display parameters of the signal are determined.
After the frequency counting module 18 counts the frequencies of the searched signals one by one to obtain a frequency-counted signal list, the main control module 15 obtains the maximum amplitude, the maximum frequency and the minimum frequency of the signals in the signal list, and then determines the waveform display parameters of the signals by using the maximum amplitude as the reference amplitude and the maximum frequency and the minimum frequency as the reference frequency.
Specifically, if there is only one signal in the signal list, the frequency of the signal is determined as the center frequency of the waveform when displayed; if there are many signals in the signal list, the frequency scanning range is displayed by using the frequency greater than the minimum frequency and less than the maximum frequency as the waveform.
Step 315: and displaying the signal.
After the main control module 15 determines the waveform display parameters, the waveform display parameters are sent to the display module 16, so that the display module 16 displays signals in the signal list according to the waveform display parameters.
Specifically, the display module 16 scans signals in the signal list according to the center frequency or the frequency scanning range determined by the main control module 15, marks a mark at a position where each signal is located, which may be a mark at a peak position of the signal, and expresses the frequency and amplitude of the signal in a digital list form, for example, the obtained digital list may be as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Signal tag | Frequency of | Amplitude of |
| 1 | 750.6267MHz | -84.13dBm |
| 2 | 747.9866MHz | -84.38dBm |
| 3 | 752.2667MHz | -84.96dBm |
| 4 | 754.1066MHz | -85.64dBm |
| 5 | 747.8800MHz | -86.12dBm |
According to the spectrum analyzer and the method for searching signals, after all signals or a preset number of signals in a preset measurement range are searched, the searched signals can be subjected to frequency counting one by one, and a zero sweep period can be performed at frequency points near the signals through the frequency counting, so that accurate frequency points of the signals are obtained, and the frequency accuracy of the searched signals is greatly improved. Compared with the original scheme, the scheme of the embodiment can rapidly search signals with more quantity and higher precision in the area concerned by the user, can meet the requirement of a complex application scene, and has higher practical value.
Example five:
based on any of the first to fourth embodiments, the main control module 15 may perform the step of increasing the attenuation degree or decreasing the resolution bandwidth by using a dichotomy method. That is, the main control module 15 may reduce the current resolution bandwidth of the spectrum analyzer by bisection, and similarly, may increase the current attenuation degree of the attenuation module 11 by bisection. Specifically, in an embodiment, the main control module 15 is specifically configured to, when the spectrum analyzer does not generate power overflow and the number of detected signals is less than the preset number of signals, determine whether the current resolution bandwidth is greater than the minimum resolution bandwidth of the spectrum analyzer, reduce the current resolution bandwidth according to a bisection method when the current resolution bandwidth is greater than the minimum resolution bandwidth, keep the current attenuation unchanged, use the reduced resolution bandwidth as the current resolution bandwidth of the spectrum analyzer, detect the digital intermediate frequency signal output by the analog-to-digital conversion module 14, and continue to record the detected signal. Similarly, the main control module 15 is further specifically configured to, when the power overflow occurs in the spectrum analyzer, determine whether the current attenuation degree is smaller than the maximum attenuation degree of the attenuation module 11, increase the current attenuation degree of the attenuation module 11 according to a bisection method when the current attenuation degree is smaller than the maximum attenuation degree, detect the digital intermediate frequency signal output by the analog-to-digital conversion module 14 according to the current resolution bandwidth, and continue to record the detected signal.
In practical application, the main control module 15 may first calculate each adjustment gear when increasing the attenuation degree and decreasing the resolution bandwidth by using a bisection method according to a preset measurement range or an inherent measurement range of the spectrum analyzer, i.e., obtain an adjustment sequence table, and store the adjustment sequence table in an array form, and may record the sequence table when increasing the attenuation degree as table _ Att and the sequence table when decreasing the resolution bandwidth as table _ Rbw. When the attenuation degree is increased ( step 106, 207 or 308 is executed), if the current attenuation degree cur _ Att is the nth value in table _ Att (i.e., cur _ Att is table _ Att [ n ]), the attenuators are adjusted according to the sequence stored in table _ Att, and the nth +1 value is assigned to cur _ Att, that is, the increased attenuation degree cur _ Att is table _ Att [ n +1 ]. Similarly, when the resolution bandwidth is reduced ( step 109, 211 or 312 is executed), if the current resolution bandwidth cur _ Rbw is the nth value in table _ Rbw (i.e., cur _ Rbw ═ table _ Rbw [ n ]), the resolution bandwidth is adjusted according to the order stored in table _ Rbw, and the nth +1 value is assigned to cur _ Rbw, that is, the reduced resolution bandwidth cur _ Rbw ═ table _ Rbw [ n +1 ]. The table _ Rbw stores the resolution bandwidth in descending order, and the table _ Att stores the attenuation bandwidth in descending order.
The spectrum analyzer and the method for searching signals thereof provided by the embodiment can be realized by adopting a dichotomy method when the resolution bandwidth is reduced or the attenuation degree is increased, so that the times of searching signals can be obviously reduced, and the time length of searching signals is further reduced.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the functions of the various methods in the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by computer programs. When all or part of the functions of the above embodiments are implemented by a computer program, the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the storage medium may include: a read only memory, a random access memory, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a hard disk, etc., and the program is executed by a computer to realize the above functions. For example, the program may be stored in a memory of the device, and when the program in the memory is executed by the processor, all or part of the functions described above may be implemented. In addition, when all or part of the functions in the above embodiments are implemented by a computer program, the program may be stored in a storage medium such as a server, another computer, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a flash disk, or a removable hard disk, and may be downloaded or copied to a memory of a local device, or may be version-updated in a system of the local device, and when the program in the memory is executed by a processor, all or part of the functions in the above embodiments may be implemented.
The present invention has been described in terms of specific examples, which are provided to aid understanding of the invention and are not intended to be limiting. For a person skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions, modifications or substitutions may be made according to the idea of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A spectrum analyzer is characterized by comprising an attenuation module, an oscillator, a frequency mixing module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a main control module and a display module;
the attenuation module is used for attenuating the power of the input signal into the power adaptive to the spectrum analyzer under the control of the main control module;
the oscillator is used for generating frequency-sweeping signals with changed frequency under the control of the main control module so as to sweep the whole signal frequency band in the measuring range;
the frequency mixing module is used for mixing the signal attenuated by the attenuation module with a sweep frequency signal generated by the oscillator to obtain an intermediate frequency signal;
the analog-to-digital conversion module is used for converting the intermediate frequency signal generated by the frequency mixing module into a digital intermediate frequency signal and outputting the digital intermediate frequency signal to the main control module;
the main control module is used for configuring the initial attenuation degree of the attenuation module as the minimum attenuation degree, taking the maximum resolution bandwidth of the spectrum analyzer as an initial value, detecting the digital intermediate frequency signal in a measurement range, judging whether the power overflow of the spectrum analyzer occurs, recording the detected signal and reducing the resolution bandwidth when the power overflow does not occur, controlling the oscillator to rescan the whole signal frequency band in the measurement range, then performing signal detection again and recording the detected signal until the resolution bandwidth is adjusted to be minimum; when power overflow occurs, the master control module increases the attenuation degree of the attenuation module and controls the oscillator to rescan the whole signal frequency band within the measurement range until the power overflow does not occur any more or the attenuation degree is adjusted to be maximum;
the display module is used for displaying all signals recorded by the main control module.
2. The spectrum analyzer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main control module is further configured to receive a preset number of signals set by a user, the main control module determines whether the number of detected signals is smaller than the preset number of signals when it is determined that the spectrum analyzer is not power-overflowed, records the detected signals and reduces the resolution bandwidth when the number of detected signals is smaller than the preset number of signals, controls the oscillator to rescan the entire signal frequency band within the measurement range, and then performs signal detection again and records the detected signals until the preset number of signals is detected or the resolution bandwidth is adjusted to a minimum.
3. The spectrum analyzer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the main control module is specifically configured to determine whether the current resolution bandwidth is larger than the minimum resolution bandwidth of the spectrum analyzer when the spectrum analyzer is not power-overflowed and the number of detected signals is smaller than a preset number of signals, reduce the current resolution bandwidth according to a dichotomy and control the oscillator to rescan the entire signal frequency band within the measurement range when the current resolution bandwidth is larger than the minimum resolution bandwidth, and then detect the digital intermediate frequency signal output by the analog-to-digital conversion module according to the reduced resolution bandwidth and continue to record the detected signal.
4. The spectrum analyzer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the main control module is specifically configured to determine whether the current attenuation degree of the attenuation module is smaller than the maximum attenuation degree of the attenuation module when the spectrum analyzer is in power overflow, increase the current attenuation degree of the attenuation module according to a bisection method when the current attenuation degree of the attenuation module is smaller than the maximum attenuation degree, control the oscillator to rescan the entire signal frequency band within the measurement range, and then detect the digital intermediate frequency signal output by the analog-to-digital conversion module according to the current resolution bandwidth and continue to record the detected signal.
5. The spectrum analyzer of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the spectrum analyzer further comprises a frequency counting module;
the frequency counting module is used for carrying out frequency counting on all signals recorded by the main control module one by one to obtain a signal list after frequency counting;
the main control module is further configured to obtain a maximum amplitude, a maximum frequency, and a minimum frequency of the signals in the signal list, and determine waveform display parameters of the signals by using the maximum amplitude as a reference amplitude and using the maximum frequency and the minimum frequency as a reference frequency;
the display module is specifically configured to display the signals in the signal list according to the waveform display parameter.
6. The spectrum analyzer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the measurement range is a preset measurement range set by a user or an inherent measurement range of the spectrum analyzer; the measurement range includes a search amplitude range and a search frequency range.
7. A method of a spectrum analyzer for searching a signal, comprising:
the method comprises the steps that initial attenuation of an attenuation module is configured to be minimum attenuation, the maximum resolution bandwidth of a spectrum analyzer is used as an initial value, a digital intermediate frequency signal is detected in a measuring range, and the digital intermediate frequency signal is obtained by mixing an input signal and a sweep frequency signal;
judging whether the spectrum analyzer generates power overflow;
when the power overflow does not occur, recording the detected signal and reducing the resolution bandwidth, scanning the whole signal frequency band in the measurement range again, then detecting the signal again and recording the detected signal until the resolution bandwidth is adjusted to the minimum;
when power overflow occurs, the attenuation degree of the attenuation module is increased, and the whole signal frequency band in the measurement range is scanned again until the power overflow does not occur any more or the attenuation degree is adjusted to the maximum.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein after determining that power overflow has not occurred to the spectrum analyzer, the method further comprises:
judging whether the number of the detected signals is less than the preset number of signals or not;
and when the number of the detected signals is smaller than the preset number of signals, recording the detected signals and reducing the resolution bandwidth, scanning the whole signal frequency band in the measuring range again, and then detecting the signals again and recording the detected signals until the signals with the preset number of signals are detected or the resolution bandwidth is adjusted to be minimum.
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the reducing the resolution bandwidth is reducing the current resolution bandwidth according to a dichotomy;
and the attenuation degree of the attenuation increasing module is the current attenuation degree of the attenuation increasing module according to the dichotomy.
10. The method of any of claims 7 to 9, further comprising:
carrying out frequency counting on all detected signals one by one to obtain a signal list after frequency counting;
acquiring the maximum amplitude, the maximum frequency and the minimum frequency of the signals in the signal list, and determining waveform display parameters of the signals by taking the maximum amplitude as a reference amplitude and taking the maximum frequency and the minimum frequency as reference frequencies;
and displaying the signals in the signal list according to the waveform display parameters.
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| CN111313965A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-06-19 | 国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Intelligent substation optical fiber link testing method and device |
| CN113419111B (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-02 | 深圳市鼎阳科技股份有限公司 | Spectrum analyzer and signal scanning method for same |
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