CN109459555A - The positioning and monitoring method and Position monitoring devices that desert promotes - Google Patents
The positioning and monitoring method and Position monitoring devices that desert promotes Download PDFInfo
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- CN109459555A CN109459555A CN201811480275.4A CN201811480275A CN109459555A CN 109459555 A CN109459555 A CN 109459555A CN 201811480275 A CN201811480275 A CN 201811480275A CN 109459555 A CN109459555 A CN 109459555A
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- transect
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
Abstract
A kind of Position monitoring devices that desert promotes, the belt transect including tested desert edge is arranged in, belt transect are made of several observation line-transects parallel with prevailing wind direction, and every observation line-transect is equipped with several observation bars.It is easy to find to observation bar when in order to observe, distinctive marks guide pile is buried beside observation bar.After stake on whole line-transects is provided with, observational record once observes each characteristic point of bar ground level, Shamian Island to the distance of observation bar and azimuth and observation time.Observational record is primary again at regular intervals.The average value that the height change of bar is respectively observed on same line-transect is the dynamic of this line-transect sand or wind erosion, and the moving average of each Shamian Island characteristic point and the average value of azimuthal variation are advance distance and its direction in this line-transect desert on same line-transect；Whole line-transects respectively observe the height change of bar average value be the belt transect sand or wind erosion dynamic；The moving average and azimuthal variation average value of whole each Shamian Island characteristic points of line-transect are advance distance and its direction in the belt transect desert.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to desertification monitoring technical fields, and in particular to a kind of positioning and monitoring method that desert promotes also relates to
And the Position monitoring devices that a kind of desert promotes, the long-term tillage monitoring promoted especially suitable for desert to oasis.
Background technique
Desertification is the hot and difficult issue problem of global concern in recent years, is called " cancer of the earth ".And desert
Change is that wherein area is maximum, one of harm Desertification Types the most serious.Deserts in China area is larger, be desertification hazard most
For one of serious country.According in September, 2017 the Inner Mongol hold " " United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification " the tenth is concluded a treaty three times
Fang great Hui " bulletin report, to the end of the year in 2009, the sandy land area in China was 173.11 × 104km2, account for national territorial area
18.03%, it is distributed in 902 counties (flag, area) of 30 provinces (city, area).The task of chemistry pollution prevention is very arduous.
Desertification monitoring is to grasp desertification dynamic, works out the basic work of Desertification Control planning and implementation prevention and treatment.
" DESERTIFICATION IN CHINA monitoring center " has been set up in nineteen ninety-five, the State Administration of Forestry, in " China's execution United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification row
Dynamic scheme " under frame, " DESERTIFICATION IN CHINA monitors principle technical solution " and " DESERTIFICATION IN CHINA classification indicators body have been put into effect in formulation
System " etc. normative technological document.Hereafter, every 5,6 years China will carry out primary national desertification and desertification monitoring.State in 2015
Forestry bureau, family establishes the whole nation desertification including 61 County Level Regionals and closes area, carries out annual sandy land monitoring.
Although the work of defending and controlling sand in China achieves the greatness to catch people's attention and achieves, the vast husky area in northwest China,
Especially Edge of Oasis, desert are also extended in sprawling, and drift sand is approached to oasis farmland step by step.Although current desertification can adopt
It is monitored with satellite remote sensing images, however, satellite remote sensing images monitoring not only cannot replace ground monitoring, and ground monitoring
It is the basis of star remote sensing image monitoring.The applicant once had submitted a kind of entitled " the sand dune position of application number 201510206934.5
Move positioning observing method " application for a patent for invention, this application is only for single sand dune.In addition to this, state, inside and outside there is no
Related desert edge is promoted comprehensively or global displacement detection technique report.
For many years, about the dynamic ground monitoring of desertification, on the one hand be investigation comparison moving dunes, semifixed dune and
The variation of fixed sand ground area；It on the other hand is the rate travel for measuring moving dunes.The problem is that the former can only reflect
The area change of different sandy lands, and the latter is the displacement on single typical sand dune, the two can not accurately reflect desert side
Edge spreads the rate approached to oasis farmland.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned technical problem, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of advance distance that can detect desert and its sides
To desert promote positioning and monitoring method, another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of desert promote position monitor dress
It sets.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: the positioning and monitoring method that a kind of desert promotes；
It is characterized by comprising belt transect and line-transect setting, the setting of observation bar, observation content and data conclusions；Specifically:
(1), belt transect and line-transect setting: determine that belt transect, belt transect have determined that desert edge to be measured promotes in desert edge to be monitored
The position of position monitor and its range；Several observation line-transects parallel with prevailing wind direction of interval setting on determining belt transect；
(2), observation bar setting: being spaced on every observation line-transect and several observation bars be arranged, more than the ground of each observation bar
Setting is substantially the same height；After observation bar is provided with, bar height above ground level and each spy of Shamian Island are once observed in observational record
Sign is put at a distance from observation bar and azimuth, and the hourly observation time；
(3), observation content: bar height above ground level is observed in observational record again at regular intervals, and each characteristic point of Shamian Island is opposite to be seen
The distance and azimuthal variation of measuring staff, and hourly observation time；
(4), data conclusion: the average value that the height change of bar is respectively observed on same line-transect is this line-transect sand or wind erosion
Dynamic；The moving average of each Shamian Island characteristic point and azimuthal variation average value are this line-transect sand on same line-transect
Unconcerned advance distance and its direction；The average value that whole line-transects respectively observe the height change of bar is the belt transect sand or wind erosion
Dynamically；The moving average and azimuthal variation average value of whole each Shamian Island characteristic points of line-transect are the propulsion in the belt transect desert
Distance and its direction.
Each characteristic point of above-mentioned Shamian Island includes sand dune vertex, dune ridge line, falls husky line, the sand dune the tip of the tongue etc..When observation line-transect is attached
When closely having fixed terrestrial reference object, then using the fixation terrestrial reference object as a ready-made observation bar, observation Shamian Island characteristic point with fixedly
Mark the distance between object and azimuth.
The present invention realizes that above-mentioned another object adopts the technical scheme that: a kind of Position monitoring devices that desert promotes,
It is characterized in that the monitoring device includes the belt transect that tested desert edge is arranged in, belt transect is equipped with several sights parallel with prevailing wind direction
Test sample line, every observation line-transect are equipped with several observation bars.
The bottom end for observing bar is equipped with cross anchoring base, and cross anchoring base is installed in the basis of cement casting,
The basis of cement casting is embedded in desert floor or less.
Method and apparatus provided by the invention, energy accurate measurements desert edge spreads the rate approached to oasis farmland, special
Not Shi Yongyu the long-term tillage monitoring that promotes of the downward wind direction oasis farmland in desert, multiple observation bars can both monitor sample on a line-transect
Fltting speed and its direction of propulsion of the band on the line-transect section can also monitor sand or wind erosion of the belt transect on the line-transect section
Situation；The fltting speed and its direction of propulsion of desert edge where a plurality of line-transect can both monitor belt transect can also monitor belt transect place
The sand or wind erosion situation of desert edge.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that floor map is arranged in farmland edge desert belt transect and line-transect,
Fig. 2 is observation bar schematic diagram,
Fig. 3 is sand dune vertical section schematic diagram,
Fig. 4 is that stereoscopic schematic diagram is arranged in farmland edge desert belt transect and line-transect,
Fig. 5 is case history schematic diagram of the present invention.
In figure: 1-belt transect, 101-the first line-transect, 102-Article 2 line-transects, 103-Article 3 line-transects, 104-the
Four line-transects, 105-Article 5 line-transects, 106-Article 6 line-transects, ﹍, 111-Article 11 line-transects；2-observation bars, 201-
Observation bar height above ground level, the 202-observation bar below ground depth of buryings, 203-anchoring bases, 204-cement castings
Basis；3-Shamian Island characteristic points, 301-sand dune vertex, 302-dune ridge lines, 303-fall husky line, the 304-sand dune thes tip of the tongue, and 305-
Mound wing dune ridge line, 306-Qiu Yi fall husky line, and 307-Qiu Yi fall concave point；4-guide piles, 5-electric poles, 6-desert edges,
601-desert floors, 7-farmlands.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment of the method；As best shown in figs. 1 and 4: a kind of positioning and monitoring method that desert promotes provided by the invention；Including
Belt transect and line-transect setting, the setting of observation bar, observation content and data conclusion；Specifically:
(1), setting observation belt transect: determine that belt transect 1, belt transect have determined that desert edge to be measured promotes in desert edge 6 to be monitored
The position of position monitor and its range；Several observation samples parallel with prevailing wind direction are substantially set at equal intervals on determining belt transect
Line；The present embodiment Fig. 1 is provided with six line-transects, including first article of line-transect 101, Article 2 line-transect 102, Article 3 line-transect 103, the
Four line-transects 104, Article 5 line-transect 105 and Article 6 line-transect 106.Arrow meaning is prevailing wind direction in Fig. 1 and Fig. 4.
(2), setting observation bar: several observation bars 2 are substantially set at equal intervals on every observation line-transect, are seen determining
When the position of measuring staff 2, on the one hand to consider substantially equidistantly on the other hand to consider to make full use of the Shamian Island beside observation bar special
Sign point 3.
Referring to fig. 2 with Fig. 3；Observation bar is made of the screw-thread steel of diameter 2cm to 3cm, and spacing is larger between stake and stake, has
Up to 800 to 1000m, sand dune and spinney are blocked in addition, and inconvenience is found when observation；Therefore it needs to bury beside it more apparent
Guide pile 4.Arrow direction meaning is prevailing wind direction in Fig. 3.
There is fixed terrestrial reference object near observation line-transect, such as when electric pole 5, it can the observation ready-made as one of electric pole 5
Bar observes the distance between Shamian Island characteristic point 3 and electric pole 5 and azimuth.
For the ease of follow-up data arrangement, the ground arrangement above of each observation bar is substantially the same height；On belt transect all
Observe the observation bar of line-transect and after guide pile sets, the primary each observation bar height above ground level 201 of observational record and
Each characteristic point 3 of Shamian Island is at a distance from observation bar 2 and azimuth, and hourly observation time.
(3), observation content: at regular intervals, such as more than half a year or 1 year or so, then observational record observation bar ground height
Degree, the distance and azimuthal variation of the opposite observation bar of each characteristic point of Shamian Island；Monitoring index includes the ground height 201 for observing bar 2,
Shift length and its direction of the Shamian Island characteristic point 3 relative to observation bar 2 nearby of bar 2 is observed, is fixed near terrestrial reference object such as electric pole 5
Shift length and its direction of the Shamian Island characteristic point relative to fixed terrestrial reference object；And the hourly observation time.
(4), data conclusion: respectively observed on same line-transect the height change of bar average value be this line-transect sand or
The dynamic of wind erosion；The moving average of each Shamian Island characteristic point and the average value of azimuthal variation are this on same line-transect
The advance distance in line-transect desert and its direction；Whole line-transects respectively observe the height change of bar average value be the belt transect sand or
The dynamic of wind erosion；The moving average and azimuthal variation average value of whole each Shamian Island characteristic points of line-transect are the belt transect desert
Advance distance and its direction.
Each characteristic point of the Shamian Island includes sand dune vertex 301, dune ridge line 302, falls husky line 303, the sand dune the tip of the tongue 304, mound
Wing dune ridge line 305, Qiu Yi fall husky line 306 and Qiu Yi and fall concave point 307 etc..
Be not 2 side of each observation bar there are each characteristic point of Shamian Island characteristic point, actual observation can only be have it is assorted
What feature point is characteristic point just observe.Every time when observation, since one end close to farmland 7, observed result and its observational day
Phase is recorded in table 1.
Observer observes the date on date
After the desert promotes position monitor belt transect and line-transect to set, vegetation investigation sample prescription, investigation can also be set along line-transect
Height, cover degree and the floristics of vegetation and soil grades etc., for analyzing each line-transect direction desert fltting speed on belt transect
With the relationship of vegetation and soil grades.
It is applicant shown in Fig. 5 in the National Natural Science regional fund " gas that Minqin oasis in Gansu Province edge sand band is formed
When time environmental factor and its ecological effect " (41261102), in 11 positioning views of the Minqin Oasis upwind edge (NW) setting
Test sample line, i.e. first line-transect to Article 11 line-transect；Belt transect is about 105km.Arrow direction is prevailing wind direction in Fig. 5.
Installation practice；The Position monitoring devices that a kind of desert provided by the invention promotes, feature exist as shown in Figure 1:
It include the belt transect 1 that tested desert edge is set in the monitoring device, belt transect 1 is equipped with several observation samples parallel with prevailing wind direction
Line, every observation line-transect are equipped with several observation bars 2.Observation line-transect provided in this embodiment includes first article of line-transect 101, the
Two line-transects 102, Article 3 line-transect 103, Article 4 line-transect 104, Article 5 line-transect 105 and Article 6 line-transect 106.
Referring to fig. 2: observation bar 2 be it is rod-shaped, it is rod-shaped observation bar 2 bottom end be equipped with cross anchoring base 203, cross anchor
Gu pedestal 203 is installed in the basis 204 of cement casting, the basis 204 of cement casting is located at 601 or less desert floor.
Observation bar 2 is made into the screw-thread steel of long 200cm to 250cm, diameter 2 to 3cm, and end cutting is smooth, another
Hold end welding cross reinforcing bar as anchoring base 203.
In application, first determining the position of observation bar, embedded hole depth 80cm to 90cm is then dug, anchoring base 203 is inserted into
In hole, vertically, bottom casting cement is built into the basis 204 of cement casting, and the observation bar below ground depth of burying 202 is set as
80cm, observation bar height above ground level 201 are set as 120cm to 170cm.
Since one end of belt transect 1, sets gradually first line-transect 101, is followed successively by Article 2 line-transect 102, third galley proof
Line 103, Article 4 line-transect 104, Article 5 line-transect 105 and Article 6 line-transect 106, until the last one galley proof on the belt transect
Line.On first line-transect, on the line-transect is started setting up on the flat beach of 7 side of oasis farmland other than desert edge
One observation bar 2, along several observe bars 2 with prevailing wind direction opposite direction substantially spaced set on same line-transect, and
The serial number that bar is observed on every line-transect is recorded in table 1.
It is easy to find to observation bar 2 when in order to observe, as perfect, the embedded significant mark beside observation bar 2 of the invention
Will guide pile 4；Guide pile is four prismatic concrete columns made of casting in advance, and length is advisable with 200cm, cross section side length 15cm.
After observation bar is embedded well, at observation bar a direction such as due east certain distance such as 3m, guide pile is embedded to
Underground 80cm stays high 120cm to 170cm on the ground.Certainly, it can also be equipped in the side that guide pile face observes bar with paint
Spray observation line-transect number and observation bar number.
Claims (9)
1. the positioning and monitoring method that a kind of desert promotes；It is characterized by comprising belt transect and line-transect setting, the setting of observation bar, see
Survey content and data conclusion；Specifically:
(1), belt transect and line-transect setting: determine that belt transect, belt transect have determined that desert areas to be measured promotes positioning in desert to be monitored
The position of monitoring and its range；Several observation line-transects parallel with prevailing wind direction of interval setting on determining belt transect；
(2), observation bar setting: being spaced on every observation line-transect and several observation bars be arranged, more than the ground of each observation bar
Setting is substantially the same height, and gives and record to the observation bar height above ground level of setting；Record each characteristic point of Shamian Island extremely simultaneously
Observe distance and the azimuth of bar；
(3), observation content: bar height above ground level, each spy of Shamian Island near observation bar are observed in observational record again at regular intervals
The distance and azimuthal variation of the opposite observation bar of sign point；
(4), data conclusion: the average value that the height change of bar is respectively observed on same line-transect is this line-transect sand or wind erosion
Dynamic；The moving average of each Shamian Island characteristic point and the average value of azimuthal variation are this line-transect on same line-transect
The advance distance in desert and its direction；The average value that whole line-transects respectively observe the height change of bar is the belt transect sand or wind erosion
Dynamic；The moving average and azimuthal variation average value of whole each Shamian Island characteristic points of line-transect are pushing away for the belt transect desert
Into distance and its direction.
2. the positioning and monitoring method that a kind of desert as described in claim 1 promotes；It is characterized by: Shamian Island characteristic point includes sand
Brae point (301), dune ridge line (302) fall husky line (303), the sand dune the tip of the tongue (304), mound wing dune ridge line (305), Qiu Yi and fall husky line
(306) concave point (307) are fallen with the mound wing.
3. the positioning and monitoring method that a kind of desert as claimed in claim 2 promotes；It is characterized by: when observation line-transect nearby has
Fixed terrestrial reference object, then using the fixation terrestrial reference object as a ready-made observation bar, observation Shamian Island characteristic point and fixed terrestrial reference object it
Between distance and bearing angle.
4. the Position monitoring devices that a kind of desert promotes, it is characterised in that: the monitoring device includes being arranged in tested desert edge
Belt transect (1), belt transect (1) be equipped with several observation line-transects parallel with prevailing wind direction, every observation line-transect equipped with several see
Measuring staff (2).
5. the Position monitoring devices that a kind of desert as claimed in claim 4 promotes, it is characterised in that: observation bar (2) be it is rod-shaped,
The bottom end of rod-shaped observation bar (2) is equipped with cross anchoring base (203), and cross anchoring base (203) is installed in cement casting
Basis (204) in, the basis (204) of cement casting is located at desert floor (601) below.
6. the Position monitoring devices that a kind of desert as claimed in claim 5 promotes, it is characterised in that: buried beside observation bar (2)
If distinctive marks guide pile (4)；Guide pile (4) is four prismatic concrete columns, length 200cm, cross section side length 15cm.
7. the Position monitoring devices that a kind of desert as claimed in claim 6 promotes, it is characterised in that: observation bar (2) length
The screw-thread steel production of 200cm to 250cm, diameter 2cm to 3cm, an end is smooth, and the conduct of cross reinforcing bar is welded in other end end
Anchoring base (203).
8. the Position monitoring devices that a kind of desert as claimed in claim 7 promotes, it is characterised in that: observation bar below ground buries
If depth (202) is set as 80cm, observation bar height above ground level (201) is set as 120cm to 170cm.
9. the Position monitoring devices that a kind of desert as claimed in claim 7 promotes, it is characterised in that: guide pile (4) face is seen
One side of measuring staff (2) is equipped with observation line-transect number and observation bar number.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811480275.4A CN109459555A (en) | 2018-12-05 | 2018-12-05 | The positioning and monitoring method and Position monitoring devices that desert promotes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811480275.4A CN109459555A (en) | 2018-12-05 | 2018-12-05 | The positioning and monitoring method and Position monitoring devices that desert promotes |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109459555A true CN109459555A (en) | 2019-03-12 |
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ID=65612441
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811480275.4A Withdrawn CN109459555A (en) | 2018-12-05 | 2018-12-05 | The positioning and monitoring method and Position monitoring devices that desert promotes |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN109459555A (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102622656A (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2012-08-01 | 兰州大学 | Method for predicting expansion speed of desert edge |
| CN104713450A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2015-06-17 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Simple monitoring device for wind erosion and deposition |
| CN104819708A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-08-05 | 甘肃省治沙研究所 | Sand dune displacement positioning observation method |
-
2018
- 2018-12-05 CN CN201811480275.4A patent/CN109459555A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102622656A (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2012-08-01 | 兰州大学 | Method for predicting expansion speed of desert edge |
| CN104713450A (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2015-06-17 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Simple monitoring device for wind erosion and deposition |
| CN104819708A (en) * | 2015-04-28 | 2015-08-05 | 甘肃省治沙研究所 | Sand dune displacement positioning observation method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 地理系四年级治沙地貌小组: "沙地地貌定位观测工作的一般方法" * |
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