CN109459467B - Internet of things system for remotely monitoring soil environment and corrosivity in situ - Google Patents
Internet of things system for remotely monitoring soil environment and corrosivity in situ Download PDFInfo
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- CN109459467B CN109459467B CN201811216975.2A CN201811216975A CN109459467B CN 109459467 B CN109459467 B CN 109459467B CN 201811216975 A CN201811216975 A CN 201811216975A CN 109459467 B CN109459467 B CN 109459467B
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Abstract
The invention provides an internet of things system for remotely monitoring soil environment and corrosivity in situ, and belongs to the technical field of metal soil corrosion. The system comprises an environmental parameter monitoring device, a soil corrosivity monitoring device, a corrosion rate monitoring device, a remote control device and a field power supply device, wherein the remote control device is communicated with the environmental parameter monitoring device, the soil corrosivity monitoring device, the corrosion rate monitoring device and the field power supply device through GPRS wireless data transmission. The system can acquire soil environment data at different time intervals, and is convenient for comprehensive evaluation of corrosivity of the system; the remote and in-situ characteristics avoid the consumption of manpower and material resources required by field test and improve the economic benefit; the change of the resistance value of the corrosion probe can reflect the corrosion condition of the metal component on the service site in real time, so that the failure prediction and the service life evaluation are facilitated, and the remote in-situ monitoring of the field soil environment and the corrosivity thereof is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal soil corrosion, in particular to an internet of things system for remotely monitoring soil environment and corrosivity in situ.
Background
The land is used as a basic resource for the survival and development of human society, forms a plurality of basic facilities, such as external environments of oil and gas pipelines and the like, and can cause corrosion damage to buried structures, particularly metal components, thereby further causing serious engineering accidents. Therefore, studies on corrosion of metal soils have been regarded as important by a wide range of researchers and engineers.
The soil has a complex gas/liquid/solid three-phase structure, and the physical and chemical properties of the soil are numerous and mutually influenced. Meanwhile, due to the large-scale construction of oil-gas-electricity public corridors and extra-high voltage direct current transmission lines and the like, a large amount of alternating current and direct current interference exists in soil, so that the corrosivity of the oil-gas-electricity public corridors to buried metal components is more complicated. A great deal of research is devoted to researching the relation between various physical and chemical properties of soil, including alternating current and direct current interference and corrosivity thereof, and relevant soil corrosivity evaluation methods are established on the basis of the relation, wherein the relevant soil corrosivity evaluation methods mainly comprise a German DIN 50929 standard and an American ANSI 21.5 standard. The former integrates 12 physical and chemical indexes related to soil corrosivity, and the physical and chemical indexes of the soil are firstly graded, and then the soil corrosivity is graded according to the value. The method has higher scientificity and is increasingly widely accepted. The ANSI 21.5 standard employs a similar judgment method. In engineering application, the soil environment data is tracked and monitored, and the corrosivity of the soil environment data is evaluated in real time according to relevant standards, so that the method has important practical significance for knowing the corrosion condition of a buried metal component and further ensuring the safety of a structure.
In the past, the corrosion condition of a buried metal component in a working environment is evaluated by adopting a field sample burying and periodic observation and measurement mode. Although the mode can truly reflect the corrosion conditions of node components at different times, real-time monitoring cannot be realized; meanwhile, only limited environmental data can be generally acquired in the process, the average level of the environmental data is estimated, and long-term change of the environmental data is difficult to track comprehensively; in addition, a large amount of manpower and material resources are consumed for sample burying on site. Based on the above, the invention provides a set of internet of things system for remotely monitoring the soil corrosion environment and the corrosivity in situ, comprehensively evaluates the soil corrosivity by acquiring a large amount of on-site environment data of buried metal components, and simultaneously intuitively reflects the corrosion condition of the metal components by measuring the change of a resistance probe.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an internet of things system for remotely monitoring soil environment and corrosivity in situ, which solves the problems that soil environment data cannot be comprehensively tracked and online corrosion monitoring is difficult to realize in the past.
The system comprises an environmental parameter monitoring device, a soil corrosivity monitoring device, a corrosion rate monitoring device, a remote control device and a field power supply device, wherein the environmental parameter monitoring device, the soil corrosivity monitoring device, the corrosion rate monitoring device and the field power supply device are communicated with the remote control device through a collection card.
The environment parameter monitoring device is used for measuring soil temperature and humidity in situ and comprises a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are embedded in soil, and the acquisition card is connected with the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor through the wiring terminals, so that data are measured and cached, and then the data are transmitted to the remote control device according to instructions.
The soil corrosivity monitoring device is used for in-situ measurement of soil potential gradient, the potential of a structure to ground and current passing through the structure and comprises a reference electrode and a current transformer; wherein, the soil potential gradient measurement needs to select two points in the mutually vertical direction near the buried structure, and the distance between the two points is 20 m; after removing the surface floating soil of each point, embedding a reference electrode, and treading tightly the periphery of the electrode; the reference electrode needs to be calibrated before being buried, and the calibration method is to bury the reference electrode and the reference electrode together in the same place and measure the potential difference of the reference electrode and the reference electrode; and when the soil gradient is calculated in the later period, the deviation between the two relevant reference electrodes needs to be subtracted. One end of the structure for measuring the ground potential is connected with the structure, the other end of the structure is connected with a nearby reference electrode, the embedding method of the reference electrode is the same as the soil potential gradient measurement, namely, floating soil is removed firstly and then the electrode is embedded, and the periphery of the electrode needs to be trampled. The current through the structure is measured with a current transformer, the structure passing through the center of the coil. The acquisition card is connected with the structure, the reference electrode and the current transformer through the wiring terminal, so that data are measured and cached, and then the data are transmitted to the remote control device according to instructions.
The corrosion rate monitoring device is used for measuring the resistance of the corrosion probe in situ and comprises a test probe and a calibration probe, wherein the test probe and the calibration probe are placed at the same place, and a collection card is connected with the probes through a wiring terminal so as to measure and cache data and transmit the data to a remote control device according to instructions.
The main chip of the acquisition card adopts an ARM series STM32 chip, the GPRS chip is SIM800L, the measurement circuit is designed autonomously, and the acquisition card has the functions of receiving an instruction of an upper computer, acquiring, caching and uploading data such as soil temperature, humidity, potential gradient, structure to ground potential, current passing through the structure, corrosion probe resistance and the like according to set time and period, and has overload protection, insulation protection, communication protection, interference resistance, corrosion resistance, automatic reconnection and the like.
The remote control device comprises a server and control software, and is used for setting, issuing commands, receiving, displaying, storing data and giving an alarm by hardware. The control software is developed autonomously and can run in the Windows 7/10 operating system.
The field power supply device adopts a photovoltaic power generation system and is used for supplying power to the monitoring device on the field.
The temperature sensor converts soil temperature information into a current or voltage signal, the measurement range is-50-80 ℃, and the precision is +/-0.2 ℃; the humidity sensor converts soil humidity information into a current or voltage signal, the measuring range is 0-100%, and the precision is +/-5%.
The test probe and the calibration probe are made of the same material of a structure, one test probe and one calibration probe form a group, wherein the test probe is directly exposed in the environment, and the calibration probe is coated by an insulating corrosion-resistant material and is arranged in the same environment with the test probe.
The remote control device and the acquisition cards are communicated and networked through GPRS, and one remote control device vertically controls a plurality of acquisition cards located at different places.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the system can acquire soil environment data at different time intervals, and is convenient for comprehensive evaluation of corrosivity of the system; the remote and in-situ characteristics avoid the consumption of manpower and material resources required by field test and improve the economic benefit; the change of the resistance value of the corrosion probe can reflect the corrosion condition of the metal component on the service site in real time, so that the failure prediction and the service life evaluation are facilitated, and the remote in-situ monitoring of the field soil environment and the corrosivity thereof is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an Internet of things system for remote in-situ monitoring of soil environment and corrosivity according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection and layout of the data acquisition card and the sensor shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a working interface of soil corrosion property monitoring software of the remote control device of the present invention.
Wherein: 1-a temperature sensor; 2-a humidity sensor; 3-reference electrode one; 4-reference electrode two; 5-reference electrode three; 6-reference electrode four; 7-reference electrode five; 8-a structure; 9-a current transformer; 10-a test probe; 11-calibrating the probe; 12-acquisition card; 13-a photovoltaic power generation system; and 14-networking.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides an internet of things system for remotely monitoring soil environment and corrosivity in situ.
As shown in figure 1, the system comprises an environmental parameter monitoring device, a soil corrosivity monitoring device, a corrosion rate monitoring device, a remote control device and a field power supply device, wherein the environmental parameter monitoring device, the soil corrosivity monitoring device, the corrosion rate monitoring device and the field power supply device are communicated with the remote control device through GPRS wireless data transmission.
Wherein, environmental parameter monitoring devices is used for normal position measurement soil temperature, humidity for gather according to the settlement time, the buffer memory and upload soil environment's temperature and humidity. The device comprises a temperature sensor 1 and a humidity sensor 2, wherein the temperature sensor 1 and the humidity sensor 2 are buried in soil, and an acquisition card 12 is connected with the temperature sensor 1 and the humidity sensor 2 through a wiring terminal, so that data are measured and cached, and then the data are transmitted to a remote control device according to instructions.
The soil corrosivity monitoring device is used for measuring the soil potential gradient, the structure to the ground potential and the current passing through the structure in situ, and is used for collecting and caching the soil potential gradient, the structure to the ground potential and the current passing through the structure according to set time. The device comprises a reference electrode and a current transformer 9, wherein two points are respectively selected in the mutually vertical directions near a buried structure for measuring the soil potential gradient, and the distance between the two points is 20 m; after removing the surface floating soil of each point, burying a first reference electrode 3, a second reference electrode 4, a third reference electrode 5 and a fourth reference electrode 6, wherein the periphery of the electrodes needs to be trampled; the reference electrode needs to be calibrated before being buried, and the calibration method is to bury the reference electrode and the reference electrode together in the same place and measure the potential difference of the reference electrode and the reference electrode; and when the soil gradient is calculated in the later period, the deviation between the two relevant reference electrodes needs to be subtracted. One end of the structure for measuring the ground potential is connected with the structure 8, the other end of the structure is connected with the adjacent reference electrode five 7, the embedding method of the reference electrode is the same as the soil potential gradient measurement, namely, the floating soil is removed firstly and then the electrode is embedded, and the periphery of the electrode needs to be treaded down. The current through the structure is measured using a rogowski coil differential current transformer 9, with the structure passing through the center of the coil. The acquisition card 12 is connected with the structure, the reference electrode and the current transformer through the wiring terminal, so as to measure and cache data, and then transmit the data to the remote control device according to instructions.
The soil potential gradient and the structure are tested for the ground potential by adopting the long-acting reference electrode, so that the long-term field service is facilitated.
The soil potential gradient calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula:
-a dc potential gradient, mV/m;
V1-V2-the potential difference between the two points, mV;
l1-l2-the distance between two points, m.
The structure is at ground potential, i.e. its potential difference with respect to the reference electrode.
The current passing through the structure is measured, a Rogowski coil current transformer or a Pearson current transformer is adopted for alternating current or pulse signals, and a Hall sensor is adopted for direct current signals.
The corrosion rate monitoring device is used for measuring the corrosion probe resistance in situ, collecting, caching and uploading the probe resistance according to set time, and further calculating the corrosion rate of the probe resistance through resistance value change. The device comprises a test probe 10 and a calibration probe 11, wherein the test probe 10 and the calibration probe 11 are placed at the same place, and an acquisition card 12 is connected with the probes through a wiring terminal, so that data are measured and cached, and then the data are transmitted to a remote control device according to instructions.
The test probes 10 and the calibration probes 11 are made of the same material as the structure, and one test probe and one calibration probe are grouped to eliminate the deviation caused by the environmental factors (mainly temperature). The test probe is directly exposed in the environment, and the calibration probe is coated by the insulating corrosion-resistant material and is arranged in the same environment with the test probe.
The acquisition card 12 can directly measure the resistance value of the probe, and can determine the corrosion amount and the corrosion rate of the test sample under the environment according to the difference between the resistance values of the test probe and the calibration probe, and the specific calculation process is as follows:
in the formula: rtest-experimental probe resistance, Ω;
Rcali-correcting the probe resistance, Ω;
rho-material resistivity, Ω · cm;
L-Probe length, mm;
r-probe radius, mm;
Δ r-amount of corrosion, mm.
(Note: the resistance probe is effective only for uniform corrosion and is not suitable for the case where localized corrosion occurs.)
The acquisition card 12 of the monitoring device receives an instruction of an upper computer (namely a remote control device), acquires, caches and uploads data such as soil temperature, humidity, potential gradient, ground potential of a structure, current passing through the structure, probe resistance and the like according to set time, and has the performances of overload protection, insulation protection, communication protection, interference resistance, corrosion resistance, automatic reconnection and the like.
The remote control device comprises a server and control software, and is used for setting, issuing commands, receiving, displaying, storing data and giving an alarm by hardware. The command issuing comprises setting acquisition duration, period, sampling rate and the like.
The field power supply device adopts a photovoltaic power generation system 13 and is used for supplying power to the monitoring device on the field. Is convenient for field installation and has the effects of environmental protection and energy conservation.
The temperature sensor converts soil temperature information into a current or voltage signal, the measurement range is-50-80 ℃, and the precision is +/-0.2 ℃; the humidity sensor converts soil humidity information into a current or voltage signal, the measuring range is 0-100%, and the precision is +/-5%.
The remote control device and the acquisition card 12 are communicated through GPRS and are networked 14, and one remote control device vertically controls a plurality of acquisition cards positioned at different places.
In a specific use, the monitoring software interface is as shown in fig. 3, and before use, an operator is first contacted to implement GPRS communication between an upper computer and a lower computer.
And reasonably setting the orientation of the solar cell panel according to the field illumination condition, connecting and starting.
After the acquisition card is connected as shown in FIG. 2, starting the operation software of the upper computer, electrifying the system, and setting a server IP connected with a network on a configuration interface; after the setting is confirmed to be normal, a manual mode is firstly adopted to test whether the communication and hardware are abnormal or not; if all data are displayed normally, the automatic acquisition mode can be switched to.
Automatic acquisition can take two modes: cyclic collection and timing collection. The cyclic collection can set collection time, collection duration, sampling rate and collection period to realize timing collection in a period of time; the time, duration and sampling speed of each acquisition can be freely set in the timing acquisition.
The collected data may be displayed in a table or a graph.
And after the acquisition is finished, storing the data to a local hard disk.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. An internet of things system for remotely monitoring soil environment and corrosivity in situ is characterized in that: the system comprises an environmental parameter monitoring device, a soil corrosivity monitoring device, a corrosion rate monitoring device, a remote control device and a field power supply device, wherein the environmental parameter monitoring device, the soil corrosivity monitoring device, the corrosion rate monitoring device and the field power supply device are communicated with the remote control device through a collection card;
the environment parameter monitoring device is used for measuring soil temperature and humidity in situ and comprises a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor, the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are embedded in soil, and an acquisition card is connected with the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor through a wiring terminal so as to measure and cache data and transmit the data to the remote control device according to instructions;
the field power supply device adopts a photovoltaic power generation system and is used for supplying power to the monitoring device in the field;
the temperature sensor converts soil temperature information into a current or voltage signal, the measurement range is-50-80 ℃, and the precision is +/-0.2 ℃; the humidity sensor converts soil humidity information into a current or voltage signal, the measuring range is 0-100%, and the precision is +/-5%;
the soil corrosivity monitoring device is used for in-situ measurement of soil potential gradient, the potential of a structure to ground and current passing through the structure and comprises a reference electrode and a current transformer; when measuring the soil potential gradient, respectively selecting two points in the mutually vertical directions around the buried structure, wherein the distance between the two points is 20 m; removing surface floating soil at each point, embedding a reference electrode, and treading tightly around the electrode; the reference electrode is calibrated before being embedded; one end of the structure for measuring the ground potential is connected with the structure, and the other end of the structure is connected with a nearby reference electrode, and the embedding method of the reference electrode is the same as that of soil potential gradient measurement; measuring the current passing through the structure by using a current transformer, wherein the structure passes through the center of the coil; the acquisition card is respectively connected with the structure, the reference electrode and the current transformer through the wiring terminal, so as to measure and cache data, and then transmit the data to the remote control device according to the instruction.
2. The internet of things system for remote in-situ monitoring of soil environment and corrosivity according to claim 1, wherein: the corrosion rate monitoring device is used for measuring the resistance of the corrosion probe in situ and comprises a test probe and a calibration probe, the test probe and the calibration probe are placed at the same place, and the acquisition card is respectively connected with the test probe and the calibration probe through the wiring terminal so as to measure and cache data and transmit the data to the remote control device according to instructions.
3. The internet of things system for remote in-situ monitoring of soil environment and corrosivity according to claim 1, wherein: the remote control device comprises a server and control software, and is used for setting, issuing instructions, receiving, displaying, storing data and giving an alarm by hardware.
4. The internet of things system for remote in-situ monitoring of soil environment and corrosivity according to claim 2, wherein: the test probe and the calibration probe are made of the same material of a structure, one test probe and one calibration probe form a group, wherein the test probe is directly exposed in the environment, and the calibration probe is coated by an insulating corrosion-resistant material and is arranged in the same environment with the test probe.
5. The internet of things system for remote in-situ monitoring of soil environment and corrosivity according to claim 1, wherein: the remote control device and the acquisition cards are communicated and networked through GPRS, and one remote control device vertically controls the acquisition cards.
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| CN112444541B (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2021-09-07 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Indoor simulation experiment method combining dynamic in-situ soil detection |
| CN112326926A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-02-05 | 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 | Corrosion measuring device for soil at tower foot of power transmission line |
| CN112258823A (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2021-01-22 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Strip mine landslide disaster remote monitoring system based on NB-IOT |
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