CN109459336B - Method and device for detecting concentration of hydrogen particles - Google Patents
Method and device for detecting concentration of hydrogen particles Download PDFInfo
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- CN109459336B CN109459336B CN201811115655.8A CN201811115655A CN109459336B CN 109459336 B CN109459336 B CN 109459336B CN 201811115655 A CN201811115655 A CN 201811115655A CN 109459336 B CN109459336 B CN 109459336B
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- hydrogen
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- closed cabin
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- filter membrane
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 108010066057 cabin-1 Proteins 0.000 description 5
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010485 coping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 electronics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012847 fine chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
- G01N5/02—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by absorbing or adsorbing components of a material and determining change of weight of the adsorbent, e.g. determining moisture content
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting the concentration of hydrogen particles, which comprises the following steps: A. placing a filter membrane of known weight into the capsule; B. vacuumizing the closed cabin; B. filling quantitative hydrogen into the vacuum closed cabin; C. carrying out secondary vacuumizing on the closed cabin, and enabling all the extracted hydrogen to pass through the filter membrane; D. measuring and calculating the mass of the extracted hydrogen and the added weight of the filter membrane; E. calculating the concentration of the particulate matter; the invention also provides a detection device applying the method, the detection principle of the invention is simple and clear, the equipment is easy to operate, and the hydrogen is in a sealed state without leakage in the whole test process, so that the invention has higher safety and environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of detection of particulate matter concentration of gases, in particular to detection of particulate matter concentration in hydrogen.
Background
Hydrogen is a clean and efficient secondary energy source. With the development of hydrogen energy technology and the coping with more and more severe global climate change, many developed countries will develop hydrogen energy industry to the level of national energy strategy. At present, hydrogen in China is mainly used for synthesizing ammonia and methanol and producing refined products, and about 3% of hydrogen is used as industrial gas for reducing gas, protecting gas, reacting gas and the like in industries of gold treatment, steel, electronics, building materials, fine chemical industry and the like.
Along with the continuous breakthrough of the hydrogen energy fuel cell technology, the hydrogen energy fuel cell vehicle has the characteristics of long continuous energy mileage and short filling time of the traditional fuel vehicle and the advantages of zero carbon emission, and gradually becomes a large field of hydrogen energy application. The quality of hydrogen as a fuel for a hydrogen fuel cell has a significant impact on the performance and life of the hydrogen fuel cell. The maximum particulate matter concentration specified in fuel hydrogen for proton exchange membrane fuel cell automobile (T/CECA-G0015-2017) issued by China Association for energy conservation is 1mg. It can be seen that the concentration of particulate matter in hydrogen gas used for a hydrogen energy fuel cell vehicle is extremely low, and a weight method is required to perform a test, and the amount of hydrogen gas required in the test is large.
There are many patents related to methods and devices for detecting the concentration of particulate matters, such as CN103245601a and CN104132863a, but these methods and devices are only suitable for detecting particulate matters in the atmosphere, but are not suitable for detecting flammable and explosive gases.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: a method for detecting the concentration of particulate matter in hydrogen gas and an apparatus using the same are provided.
The invention solves the technical problems as follows: the method for detecting the concentration of the hydrogen particles comprises the following steps: A. placing a filter membrane of known weight into the capsule; B. vacuumizing the closed cabin; B. filling quantitative hydrogen into the vacuum closed cabin; C. carrying out secondary vacuumizing on the closed cabin, and enabling all the extracted hydrogen to pass through the filter membrane; D. measuring and calculating the mass of the extracted hydrogen and the added weight of the filter membrane; E. the concentration of particulate matter was calculated.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, in the step a, the filter membrane is weighed before being placed in the closed cabin.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, in the step C, the hydrogen is recovered by using a compressor and a recovery tank while being pumped by a vacuum pump.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, in the step C, the discharge air amount of the vacuum pump is equal to the suction air amount of the compressor.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, in the step D, the quality of the hydrogen is obtained by measuring and calculating the volume conversion of the pumped hydrogen.
The invention also provides a device for detecting the concentration of the hydrogen particles, which comprises a closed cabin, a vacuum pump and a hydrogen storage tank, wherein the vacuum pump and the hydrogen storage tank are communicated with the closed cabin, a particle sampler is arranged in the closed cabin, the particle sampler comprises a sampling head and a weight measuring and calculating mechanism, and a filter membrane is arranged in the sampling head.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the closed cabin comprises a cabin body and a cabin cover, wherein the cabin cover is movably connected with the cabin body, and a sealing ring is arranged at the edge of the cabin cover.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the weight measuring mechanism includes a gas flow meter.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the filter membrane is an ultrafine glass fiber filter membrane.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the vacuum pump is an explosion-proof vacuum pump.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the device further comprises a hydrogen recovery tank and a compressor, wherein one end of the compressor is connected with the vacuum pump, and the other end of the compressor is connected with the hydrogen recovery tank.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the airtight cabin comprises an air inlet, an air outlet and an air suction opening, two vacuum pumps are respectively a first vacuum pump and a second vacuum pump, the first vacuum pump is connected with the air outlet, the second vacuum pump is connected with the air suction opening, the particle sampler is arranged in front of the air suction opening, the hydrogen storage tank is communicated with the air inlet, and the other end of the second vacuum pump is connected with the compressor.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the periphery of the closed cabin is also provided with a pressure gauge.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the detection principle of the invention is simple and clear, the equipment is easy to operate, and the hydrogen is in a sealed state without leakage in the whole test process, so that the invention has higher safety and environmental protection.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is evident that the drawings described are only some embodiments of the invention, but not all embodiments, and that other designs and drawings can be obtained from these drawings by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The conception, specific structure, and technical effects produced by the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments and the drawings to fully understand the objects, features, and effects of the present invention. It is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and that other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of the present invention based on the embodiments of the present invention. In addition, all coupling/connection relationships mentioned herein do not refer to direct connection of the components, but rather, refer to the fact that a more optimal coupling structure may be formed by adding or subtracting coupling aids depending on the particular implementation. The technical features in the invention can be interactively combined on the premise of no contradiction and conflict.
The method for detecting the concentration of the hydrogen particles comprises the following steps: A. placing a filter membrane of known weight into the capsule; B. vacuumizing the closed cabin; B. filling hydrogen into the vacuum closed cabin; C. carrying out secondary vacuumizing on the closed cabin, and enabling all the extracted hydrogen to pass through the filter membrane; D. measuring and calculating the mass of the extracted hydrogen and the added weight of the filter membrane; E. the concentration of particulate matter was calculated.
When the device works, firstly, a blank clean filter screen is weighed, then the filter screen is placed into a closed cabin, and then the closed cabin is vacuumized, so that the closed cabin is in a vacuum state as much as possible, and the closed cabin is ensured to have no other impurity gas; then introducing hydrogen to be detected into the closed cabin, then discharging the hydrogen in the closed cabin by using a vacuum pump, and ensuring that all the hydrogen can pass through the filter membrane while discharging, so that particles in the hydrogen can be adhered to the filter screen; and finally, measuring and calculating the weight of the pumped hydrogen and the weight of the particles adhered to the filter screen, and calculating the concentration of the particles.
Further as a preferred embodiment, in the step a, the filter membrane is weighed before being placed in the capsule.
Further, in the preferred embodiment, in the step C, the hydrogen is recovered by the compressor and the recovery tank while being pumped by the vacuum pump. When the sealing tank is pulled out, the hydrogen can be simultaneously compressed and recycled, so that the risk of hydrogen leakage is reduced, and the sealing tank is safer and more environment-friendly.
In a further preferred embodiment, in the step C, the discharge amount of the vacuum pump is equal to the suction amount of the compressor. The working state of the vacuum pump and the working state of the compressor are adjusted to ensure that the exhaust amount and the suction amount of the vacuum pump are equal, so that the hydrogen can be safely and stably transited from the closed cabin to the recovery tank.
Further as a preferred embodiment, in the step D, the mass of the hydrogen is obtained by measuring and calculating the volume conversion of the pumped hydrogen. Preferably, the volume of the hydrogen is counted by a flowmeter, and then the mass of the circulated hydrogen is calculated through the density of the hydrogen.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention also provides a device for detecting the concentration of hydrogen particles, which comprises a closed cabin 1, a vacuum pump 2 and a hydrogen storage tank 3, wherein the vacuum pump 2 and the hydrogen storage tank 3 are both communicated with the closed cabin 1, a particle sampler 4 is arranged in the closed cabin 1, the particle sampler 4 comprises a sampling head 41 and a weight measuring and calculating mechanism, and a filter membrane is arranged in the sampling head.
Further as a preferred embodiment, the closed cabin 1 comprises a cabin body 11 and a cabin cover 12, the cabin cover 12 is movably linked with the cabin body 11, and a sealing ring is arranged at the edge of the cabin cover 12. By opening the hatch, the filter membrane and the particle sampler can be conveniently placed in the hatch.
Further as a preferred embodiment, the weight measuring mechanism comprises a gas flow meter.
Further as a preferred embodiment, the filter membrane is an ultra fine glass fiber filter membrane.
Further as a preferred embodiment, the vacuum pump 2 is an explosion-proof vacuum pump.
Further as a preferred embodiment, the device also comprises a hydrogen recovery tank 5 and a compressor 6, wherein one end of the compressor 6 is connected with the vacuum pump 2, and the other end of the compressor is connected with the hydrogen recovery tank 5.
Further as the preferred embodiment, the airtight cabin includes air inlet, gas vent, extraction opening, vacuum pump 2 has two, and two vacuum pumps are first vacuum pump 21 and second vacuum pump 22, first vacuum pump 21 links to each other with the gas vent, second vacuum pump 22 links to each other with the extraction opening, the place ahead of extraction opening is located to particle sampler 4, hydrogen gas jar and air inlet intercommunication, the other end of second vacuum pump 22 links to each other with compressor 6.
Further as a preferred embodiment, a pressure gauge is further provided on the outer periphery of the closed chamber 1.
Specifically, in operation, according to the pipeline connected in fig. 1, the air inlet valve a of the closed cabin is connected with the hydrogen storage tank 3, and the air outlet valve C is connected with the air inlet D of the first vacuum pump 21; the air outlet F of the particulate matter sampler is connected with the air inlet G of the second vacuum pump, the air outlet H of the second vacuum pump 22 is connected with the air inlet M of the hydrogen compressor 6, and the air outlet N of the hydrogen compressor 6 is connected with the hydrogen recovery tank 5; the sampling head 41 of the particulate matter sampler 4 is arranged in the closed cabin 1; the filter membrane is arranged in the sampling head of the particulate matter sampler.
And before detection, adjusting the flow of the second vacuum pump and the suction amount of the hydrogen compressor to be equal. And weighing the blank filter membrane, reading the weight m 0 of the blank filter membrane, opening the upper cover of the closed cabin, and placing the filter membrane into the particulate sampling head. Covering a cabin cover of the closed cabin, closing an air inlet valve A and an air outlet valve B of the closed cabin, opening an air outlet valve C, starting a first vacuum pump, pumping out air in the closed cabin until the reading of a vacuum pressure gauge reaches "-0.1MPa", and then closing the air outlet valve C and the first vacuum pump of the closed cabin; opening an air inlet valve A of the closed cabin, slowly opening a hydrogen storage tank, releasing hydrogen into the closed cabin until the reading of a vacuum pressure gauge is 0MPa, and balancing the pressure difference in the closed cabin by filling enough hydrogen, so that the pressure difference is more accurate in the process of exhausting; and then sequentially starting the hydrogen compressor, the vacuum pump and the particulate matter sampler host to test the particulate matter content.
After the test is finished, the gas volume L is read in the particle sampler, and the total weight m 1 of the filter membrane and the particles is weighed. The particulate matter content is calculated according to formula (1):
m 0 weight of blank Filter Membrane
M 1 total weight of filter membrane and particulate matter
Ρ is the hydrogen density.
While the preferred embodiment of the present application has been described in detail, the application is not limited to the embodiments, and various equivalent modifications and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the application, and these modifications and substitutions are intended to be included in the scope of the present application as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The method for detecting the concentration of the hydrogen particles is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
Step A, placing a filter membrane with known weight into a closed cabin; the closed cabin comprises an air inlet, an air outlet, an air extraction opening and two vacuum pumps, wherein the two vacuum pumps are a first vacuum pump and a second vacuum pump, the first vacuum pump is connected with the air outlet, the second vacuum pump is connected with the air extraction opening, the particle sampler is arranged in front of the air extraction opening, the hydrogen storage tank is communicated with the air inlet, and the other end of the second vacuum pump is connected with the compressor; a pressure gauge is arranged outside the closed cabin;
Step B, vacuumizing the closed cabin, starting a first vacuum pump, pumping air in the closed cabin until the reading of a vacuum pressure gauge is minus 0.1MPa, and closing the vacuum pump; then filling hydrogen into the vacuum closed cabin until the reading of the vacuum pressure gauge is 0 MPa;
step C, performing secondary vacuumizing on the closed cabin, namely discharging hydrogen in the closed cabin by using a second vacuum pump, and ensuring that all the hydrogen can pass through the filter membrane; in the step C, the hydrogen is pumped by a vacuum pump and is recovered by a compressor and a recovery tank; in the step C, the exhaust amount of the vacuum pump is equal to the suction amount of the compressor;
step D, measuring and calculating the mass of the extracted hydrogen and the added weight of the filter membrane; in the step D, the mass of the hydrogen is obtained through measuring and calculating the volume conversion of the pumped hydrogen;
and E, calculating the concentration of the particulate matters.
2. The method for detecting the concentration of hydrogen particles according to claim 1, wherein: in the step A, the filter membrane is weighed before being placed in a closed cabin.
3. The method for detecting the concentration of hydrogen particles according to claim 1, wherein: the device comprises a detection device, wherein the detection device comprises a closed cabin, a vacuum pump and a hydrogen storage tank, the vacuum pump and the hydrogen storage tank are communicated with the closed cabin, a particle sampler is arranged in the closed cabin and comprises a sampling head and a weight measuring and calculating mechanism, and a filter membrane is arranged in the sampling head.
4. The method for detecting the concentration of hydrogen particles according to claim 3, wherein: the closed cabin comprises a cabin body and a cabin cover, wherein the cabin cover is movably connected with the cabin body, and a sealing ring is arranged at the edge of the cabin cover; and a pressure gauge is further arranged on the periphery of the closed cabin.
5. The method for detecting the concentration of hydrogen particles according to claim 3, wherein: the weight measuring and calculating mechanism comprises a gas flowmeter; the filter membrane is an ultrafine glass fiber filter membrane; the vacuum pump is an explosion-proof vacuum pump.
6. The method for detecting the concentration of hydrogen particles according to claim 3, wherein: the device also comprises a hydrogen recovery tank and a compressor, wherein one end of the compressor is connected with the vacuum pump, and the other end of the compressor is connected with the hydrogen recovery tank.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811115655.8A CN109459336B (en) | 2018-09-25 | 2018-09-25 | Method and device for detecting concentration of hydrogen particles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811115655.8A CN109459336B (en) | 2018-09-25 | 2018-09-25 | Method and device for detecting concentration of hydrogen particles |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109459336A CN109459336A (en) | 2019-03-12 |
| CN109459336B true CN109459336B (en) | 2024-04-30 |
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| CN201811115655.8A Active CN109459336B (en) | 2018-09-25 | 2018-09-25 | Method and device for detecting concentration of hydrogen particles |
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Families Citing this family (1)
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| CN113532758A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2021-10-22 | 国家能源投资集团有限责任公司 | Method and device for testing leakage rate of hydrogenation machine |
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