CN109458554A - A kind of LNG gasification peculiar to vessel and cold recovery exchange system and method - Google Patents
A kind of LNG gasification peculiar to vessel and cold recovery exchange system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109458554A CN109458554A CN201811499586.5A CN201811499586A CN109458554A CN 109458554 A CN109458554 A CN 109458554A CN 201811499586 A CN201811499586 A CN 201811499586A CN 109458554 A CN109458554 A CN 109458554A
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- supercooled
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
- F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
- F17C7/04—Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2225/0107—Single phase
- F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
- F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
- F17C2260/046—Enhancing energy recovery
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of LNG gasification peculiar to vessel and cold recovery exchange system and methods.Present system includes LNG fuel gasification unit, cycle heat exchange network and two cold recovery unit compositions, and LNG fuel gasification unit and two cold recovery units are connected to the network by cycle heat exchange and are exchanged heat；Cycle heat exchange network is that the encapsulation of Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2, multichannel steam superheater 3 and 4 three parts of multichannel supercooled steam regenerator is integrated in the compound cycle heat exchange device of integral type constituted in the same multi-channel heat exchanger.Present system compact efficient, the method of the present invention is by selecting refrigerating medium appropriate, adjust the cycle-index of cycle heat exchange network, it can not only efficiently be supplied without the evaporation LNG freezed for marine fuel, and it can be recycled simultaneously and gasify cooling capacity to meet the temperature requirements of different refrigeration applications on ship, system and method for the present invention are suitable for promoting the use of in the field LNG peculiar to vessel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to marine fuel heat-exchange network and associated heat exchanger equipment, and in particular to a kind of LNG gasification peculiar to vessel and
Cold recovery exchange system and method.
Background technique
Sea transport proportion is very big in world's cargo transport, its ratio for accounting for total volume of import and export is high for China
Up to 90% or more.It is counted according to International Maritime Organization (IMO), boat diesel engine burning year discharge contains SO2、NO2Tail gas made
At atmosphere pollution account for about the 5~11% of global atmosphere total amount of pollutants discharge.In order to protect environment, IMO proposes control marine diesel
Machine noxious emission pact sets the emission limit of the pollutants such as ship oxysulfide, nitrogen oxides, it is specified that ship uses fuel
The sulfur content limit value of oil will decrease to 0.5% to the year two thousand twenty.Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is used as a kind of clean energy resource, with traditional bavin
Oil fuel is compared, and burning can reduce a large amount of particulate matters, oxysulfide (SO when providing powerx) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) waste material
Discharge, and its greenhouse gas emissions is only 40% or so of diesel fuel under the conditions of same caloic.Therefore, LNG is in ocean
It is considered as very attractive fuel substitute, more and more ships on ship (including yacht, barge, cargo-container ship etc.)
Oceangoing ship will use liquefied natural gas or hybrid power (diesel oil/liquefied natural gas) as fuel.LNG is under -162 DEG C of condition of normal pressure
The low temperature liquid fuel of storage, into marine main engine engine before must be evaporated and be superheated to environment temperature.In this process
In, LNG about releases the cooling capacity of 860kJ/kg, using the refrigeration on energy offer ship, air-conditioning, sea water desalination, power generation
Etc. purposes, not only eliminate associated refrigeration current consuming apparatus, reduce wasted work, it is thus also avoided that directly using seawater gasification LNG to sea
Foreign environment and hull freeze bring chilling damage.
However, not included cold energy recycles function in most of LNG liquefaction mode at present, common device have it is open,
Immersion and intermediate liquid formula gasifier.The above two are all made of the gasification that air, seawater or industrial heat resources carry out LNG, mainly
The shortcomings that be the discharge of energy waste, residue chemistry ingredient and low temperature seawater to negative effect caused by marine organisms.In and
Though liquid-type gasifier uses refrigerating medium as centre heat exchange product between, and the huge gasification temperature difference often leads to the type gasification
Device inefficiency, is not able to satisfy industrial requirement.Especially in LNG powered ship, unsuitable gasification installation is unable to satisfy ship
With the temperature requirement of gas fuel, it cannot be guaranteed that marine main engine engine works normally, serious person even freezes pipeline and causes
Boat low-temperature damage.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention discloses a kind of LNG power cold recovery exchange system and methods peculiar to vessel, no
It is only capable of effectively gasifying LNG fuel to supply marine main engine engine, and the cooling capacity during this can be recycled efficiently to reduce
Associated refrigeration energy consumption, at the same also taken into account without freeze, compact-sized feature, meet LNG ship oceangoing ship a variety of cooling capacity temperature need
It asks.
To reach above-mentioned target, the present invention, which adopts the following technical scheme that, to be achieved:
A kind of LNG power cold recovery exchange system peculiar to vessel, including LNG fuel gasification unit, cycle heat exchange network and
Two cold recovery unit compositions, LNG fuel gasification unit and two cold recovery units are connected to the network by cycle heat exchange and are exchanged heat,
Wherein:
The LNG fuel gasification unit, including LNG storage tank 1, marine main engine 5 and corresponding connecting line；LNG storage
Tank 1 is connected to by cryogenic pipe with cycle heat exchange Web portal, and marine main engine 5 is gone out by fuel gas pipeline and cycle heat exchange network
Mouth connection, receives the LNG fuel of gasification；
The cycle heat exchange network, including the supercooling of Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2, multichannel steam superheater 3, multichannel
Steam reheater 4 and corresponding connecting line；Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2, multichannel steam superheater 3 and the multi-pass
Road supercooled steam regenerator 4 is Heat Exchangers, wherein Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2 connects LNG storage tank 1, and reception comes from
Liquid LNG fuel in LNG storage tank, Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2 is connected to multichannel steam superheater 3 constitutes LNG boil-off gas
Change circulation loop, Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2 is connected to multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 constitutes LNG steam extraction cycle time
Road, meanwhile, multichannel steam superheater 3 and multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 receive the first of cold recovery unit respectively and carry
Cryogen Z1 and the second refrigerating medium Z2 evaporates gasification circulation loop and LNG steam extraction cycle circuit as heat source, into LNG, with
LNG saturated vapor, supercooled steam exchange heat, in the multichannel steam superheater 3 and multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 after heat exchange
First refrigerating medium Z1 and the second refrigerating medium Z2 subcooled liquid are respectively from the outlet of multichannel steam superheater 3 and multichannel supercooled steam
4 outlet return of regenerator reaches the day of assigned temperature to corresponding cold recovery unit after the gasification of multichannel cycle heat exchange
Right gas enters marine main engine 5 from the outlet of steam reheater 4；
Two cold recovery units, respectively include the second cryogenic energy utilization device 6, the first cryogenic energy utilization device 7 and
Corresponding connecting line；The second cryogenic energy utilization device 6 and the first cryogenic energy utilization device 7 uses the second refrigerating medium respectively
Z2 and the first refrigerating medium Z1 provides cold energy as refrigerant, and the high temperature refrigerating medium of outlet enters cycle heat exchange network by pipeline
Multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 and multichannel steam superheater 3 recycle LNG gasification cooling capacity, flow out multichannel after heat exchange
The the first refrigerating medium Z1 and the second refrigerating medium Z2 subcooled liquid of steam superheater 3 and multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 are by the road
It is back to corresponding first cryogenic energy utilization device 7 and the second cryogenic energy utilization device 6, the released cold quantity in cryogenic energy utilization device
Continuing after refrigeration, which becomes high temperature refrigerating medium, enters cycle heat exchange network.The second cryogenic energy utilization device 6 and the first cooling capacity benefit
It is all kinds of marine refrigerating plants such as air-conditioning, refrigerator or desalination plant with device 7.
Further, the Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2 of the cycle heat exchange network, multichannel steam superheater 3 and more
Channel supercooled steam regenerator 4 is plate-fin, board-like, winding tubular type or shell-tube type Heat Exchangers.
Further, the cycle heat exchange network is by Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2,3 and of multichannel steam superheater
The encapsulation of 4 three parts of multichannel supercooled steam regenerator is integrated in that the integral type constituted in the same multi-channel heat exchanger is compound to be followed
Ring heat-exchanger rig, is easily installed.
Further, the Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2, multichannel steam superheater 3 and multichannel supercooled steam return
Heat exchanger channels in hot device 4 are all made of fin structure, it is contemplated that LNG liquid viscosity is larger, the preferred plain fin of heat exchanger channels
Or aperture fin, LNG saturated vapor and overheat and the heat exchanger channels of supercooled steam use sawtooth pattern or rippled fin, and the
The heat exchanger channels of one refrigerating medium Z1 and the second refrigerating medium Z2 preferably select flat type or rippled fin.
Further, the Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2, multichannel steam superheater 3 and multichannel supercooled steam return
The arrangement of heat exchanger channels is configured using cold fluid and hot fluid single layer, bilayer or combination in hot device 4, i.e., adjacent at two layers
Heat (or cold) channel between accompany one layer of cold (or heat) channel, and repeatedly stacking.
Further, the Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2 is single Multi-stream plate-fin heat exchanger, multichannel steam mistake
Hot device 3 and multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 are combined into one the heat exchanger of structure, and industrial plate wing heat exchange is selected in heat exchanger channels
Device fin, Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2, multichannel steam superheater 3 and 4 two sides of multichannel supercooled steam regenerator are set respectively
Vacuum heat-insulating layer K is set, for completely cutting off the heat transfer between heat exchanger and the external world and heat exchanger.
A kind of LNG power cold recovery exchange method peculiar to vessel, which is characterized in that steps are as follows:
(1) the evaporation gasification of LNG liquid fuel
Liquid LNG fuel in LNG storage tank 1 is evaporated by the Multi-channel liquid that cryogenic pipe is delivered to cycle heat exchange network
In device 2, LNG liquid fuel is as cold fluid, using having already passed through multichannel steam superheater 3, multichannel supercooled steam backheat
The LNG superheated steam that device 4 flows back after exchanging heat is evaporated gasification as hot fluid, to be converted into LNG saturated vapor；
(2) circulation heat recovery of LNG steam
LNG saturated vapor enter in multichannel steam superheater 3 with the first refrigerating medium Z1 heat exchange after become first reflux
Superheated steam, returning in Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2 becomes supercooled steam with the heat exchange of initial LNG liquid, finally enters multichannel
Released cold quantity gives the second refrigerating medium Z2 in supercooled steam regenerator 4, to complete first time extraction cycle；It is subcooled and steams in multichannel
In vapour regenerator 4 after heat exchange, the LNG superheated steam of not up to assigned temperature is flowed back to again in Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2, as
The beginning of extraction cycle next time, the initial LNG liquid that gasifies flows back in multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 again later to be continued
Backheat；
(3) host is supplied after LNG gasification
It supplies and requires according to marine fuel, LNG liquid after n times recycle, is followed in the cycle heat exchange network set
Ring frequency n >=2 are finally exported according to assigned temperature in the form of natural gas in the outlet of multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4, and led to
It crosses fuel gas pipeline and is delivered to marine main engine 5 and burn, to complete the gasification cycle of LNG fuel；
In the gasification cycle of above-mentioned LNG fuel, LNG liquid fuel is assigned temperature by the gasification of cycle heat exchange network
Natural gas gas is simultaneously delivered to marine main engine, and cooling capacity a part of LNG gasification process release is by multichannel steam superheater 3
First refrigerating medium Z1 is absorbed, and another part is absorbed by the second refrigerating medium Z2 in multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4.
(4) the recycling circulation of cooling capacity
It is full that first refrigerating medium Z1 used in first cryogenic energy utilization device 7 is passed through absorption LNG in multichannel steam superheater 3
With the cooling capacity of steam, it is then returned to released cold quantity in the first cryogenic energy utilization device 7 and freezes, the first refrigerating medium Z1 after released cold quantity
It goes successively in multichannel steam superheater 3, to realize the primary recycling circulation of LNG gasification cooling capacity；
Second refrigerating medium Z2 used in second cryogenic energy utilization device 6 is passed through in multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 and absorbs
The cooling capacity of LNG supercooled steam is then returned to released cold quantity in the second cryogenic energy utilization device 6 and freezes, and second after released cold quantity carries
Cryogen Z2 is gone successively in multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4, to realize the secondary recovery circulation of LNG gasification cooling capacity.
Further, the first refrigerating medium Z1 and the second refrigerating medium Z2 may be the same or different, and should be followed according to different
Ring number and required temperature case are specifically chosen.
Further, the first refrigerating medium Z1 and the second refrigerating medium Z2 uses glycol water and/or propylene glycol
Aqueous solution, the type and flow of refrigerating medium should be determined according to LNG supply amount, it may be assumed that first refrigerating in multichannel steam superheater 3
Agent Z1 should be ensured that returning to the LNG gas of Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2 for the first time is superheat state, and the superheat state refers to
LNG evaporating completely becomes state for continuing heating after gas under working environment pressure；In multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4
The freezing point of second refrigerating medium Z2 necessarily is greater than the temperature that LNG crosses cold air, and the freezing point refers to the refrigerating under working environment pressure
The triple point of agent solidification.
Further, LNG stream amount size according to the technological requirements, the design parameter of cycle heat exchange network by refrigerating medium ratio
Outlet temperature to be achieved needed for heat, flow, cycle-index and refrigerating medium is determining；It is fixed according to different flows, temperature requirements
Different design parameters is made, there is biggish flexibility and wide applicability.The cycle heat exchange frequency n meter of cycle heat exchange network
It is as follows to calculate formula:
In formula: m is LNG mass flow, and r is LNG vaporization latent heat, cpFor the specific heat capacity of LNG, tLNG-0And tLNG-12Respectively
The temperature of cycle heat exchange Web portal LNG liquid and export gas, tLNG-3Multichannel supercooling is recycled into for first time recycling
The temperature of the LNG supercooled steam of steam reheater 4, tZ1-1And tZ1-2Respectively the of 3 entrance and exit of multichannel steam superheater
The temperature of one refrigerating medium Z1, tZ2-1And tZ2-2Respectively the second refrigerating medium Z2 of 4 entrance and exit of multichannel supercooled steam regenerator
Temperature.
In the case where given LNG supply flow rate determines, cycle-index n exported with multichannel steam superheater 3 the
The temperature t of one refrigerating medium Z1Z1-24 entrance of reduction and multichannel supercooled steam regenerator the second refrigerating medium Z2 temperature
tZ2-1Reduction and reduce, and with cold fluid inlet temperature t in Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2LNG-0Reduction and increase.Pass through tune
The cycle-index n for saving cycle heat exchange network, can be realized the different refrigerant temperatures for meeting various user demands.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
1, due to LNG liquid in Multi-channel liquid evaporator repeatedly with overheating itself steam heat-exchanging, latent heat of phase change is complete
Portion has passed to overheating itself steam, so as to avoid heat of the cryogenic liquid directly between refrigerating medium in traditional heat exchange equipment
Transmitting, is not in freezeout；
2, the unique design of heat-exchange network of the present invention is, LNG liquid does not directly carry out heat with refrigerating medium in evaporator
Exchange, the risk that refrigerating medium freezes when effectively preventing directly exchanging heat.Meanwhile by LNG liquid and its own superheated steam it
Between between the heat transfer that constantly recycles and the first refrigerating medium and LNG saturated vapor, the second refrigerating medium and LNG supercooled steam
Heat exchange, make it is different circulation have different temperature gradients, be more advantageous to improve cycle heat exchange network energy transfer efficiencies；Together
When Multi-channel liquid evaporator between LNG liquid and overheating itself steam have biggish heat transfer temperature difference, be conducive to LNG liquid
It is gasified totally；And refrigerating medium and natural gas supercooled steam are then exchanged heat using the small temperature difference in multichannel supercooled steam regenerator, it can
Obtain relatively high cold energy recovery efficiency；
3, increased multichannel steam superheater in cycle heat exchange network, ensure that the superheat state of LNG steam, simultaneously also
A variety of freedom degrees are added to cycle heat exchange network, to be adapted to generate the refrigerating medium product of various temperature；
4, by selecting refrigerating medium appropriate, the cycle-index of adjusting cycle heat exchange network can be in technological specification condition
It is lower to obtain a variety of different refrigerant temperatures, to meet the use demand of different occasions in ship；
5, it in the case where given heat-exchange system cycle-index, can also be controlled by changing any parameter of technological specification
Heat-exchange system central fluid temperature, such as: different refrigerant temperatures, gas outlet can be obtained by adjusting refrigerating agent flux
Temperature and range of flow etc..So that the invention has very extensive adaptability in LNG Power Vessel.
In conclusion present system compact efficient, can not only efficiently supply without the evaporation LNG freezed for marine fuel
It gives, and it can be recycled simultaneously and gasify cooling capacity to meet the temperature requirements of different refrigeration applications on ship, present system
It is suitable for promoting the use of in the field LNG peculiar to vessel with method.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or in the prior art more clearly, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
The some embodiments recorded in application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts,
It is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structure and principle of a kind of LNG gasification peculiar to vessel and cold recovery exchange system signal in the embodiment of the present invention 1
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram of the cycle heat exchange network in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the Multi-channel liquid evaporator heat exchange channel arrangement mode schematic diagram of the cycle heat exchange network in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the multichannel steam superheater and multichannel supercooled steam of the integral structure of the cycle heat exchange network in Fig. 1
Regenerator heat exchanger channels arrangement mode schematic diagram；
In figure: 1, LNG fluid reservoir, 2, Multi-channel liquid evaporator, 3, multichannel steam superheater, 4, multichannel supercooling steaming
Vapour regenerator, 5, marine main engine, the 6, second cryogenic energy utilization device, 7 first cryogenic energy utilization devices, Z1, the first refrigerating medium, Z2,
Two refrigerating mediums, K, vacuum heat-insulating layer.
Specific embodiment
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the present invention can phase
Mutually combination.The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only
It is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is real to the description of at least one exemplary embodiment below
It is merely illustrative on border, never as to the present invention and its application or any restrictions used.Based on the reality in the present invention
Example is applied, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts all belongs to
In the scope of protection of the invention.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to exemplary embodiments of the present invention.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular
Also it is intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet
Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination.
Unless specifically stated otherwise, positioned opposite, the digital table of the component and step that otherwise illustrate in these embodiments
It is not limited the scope of the invention up to formula and numerical value.Simultaneously, it should be clear that for ease of description, each portion shown in attached drawing
The size divided not is to draw according to actual proportionate relationship.Technology known for person of ordinary skill in the relevant, side
Method and equipment may be not discussed in detail, but in the appropriate case, and the technology, method and apparatus should be considered as authorizing explanation
A part of book.In shown here and discussion all examples, appointing should be construed as merely illustratively to occurrence, and
Not by way of limitation.Therefore, the other examples of exemplary embodiment can have different values.It should also be noted that similar label
Similar terms are indicated in following attached drawing with letter, therefore, once it is defined in a certain Xiang Yi attached drawing, then subsequent attached
It does not need that it is further discussed in figure.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, the noun of locality such as " front, rear, top, and bottom, left and right ", " it is laterally, vertical,
Vertically, orientation or positional relationship indicated by level " and " top, bottom " etc. is normally based on orientation or position shown in the drawings and closes
System, is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, in the absence of explanation to the contrary, these nouns of locality do not indicate that
It must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation with the device or element for implying signified, therefore cannot manage
Solution is limiting the scope of the invention: the noun of locality " inside and outside " refers to inside and outside the profile relative to each component itself.
For ease of description, spatially relative term can be used herein, as " ... on ", " ... top ",
" ... upper surface ", " above " etc., for describing such as a device shown in the figure or feature and other devices or spy
The spatial relation of sign.It should be understood that spatially relative term is intended to comprising the orientation in addition to device described in figure
Except different direction in use or operation.For example, being described as if the device in attached drawing is squeezed " in other devices
It will be positioned as " under other devices or construction after part or construction top " or the device of " on other devices or construction "
Side " or " under its device or construction ".Thus, exemplary term " ... top " may include " ... top " and
" in ... lower section " two kinds of orientation.The device can also be positioned with other different modes and (is rotated by 90 ° or in other orientation), and
And respective explanations are made to the opposite description in space used herein above.
In addition, it should be noted that, limiting components using the words such as " first ", " second ", it is only for be convenient for
Corresponding components are distinguished, do not have Stated otherwise such as, there is no particular meanings for above-mentioned word, therefore should not be understood as to this
The limitation of invention protection scope.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of LNG power cold recovery exchange system peculiar to vessel, including LNG fuel gasification unit, circulating picture-changing
Ther mal network and two cold recovery unit compositions, LNG fuel gasification unit and two cold recovery units pass through circulating picture-changing heat supply network
Network connection heat exchange, in which:
The LNG fuel gasification unit, including LNG storage tank 1, marine main engine 5 and corresponding connecting line；LNG storage
Tank 1 is connected to by cryogenic pipe with cycle heat exchange Web portal, and marine main engine 5 is gone out by fuel gas pipeline and cycle heat exchange network
Mouth connection, receives the LNG fuel of gasification；
The cycle heat exchange network, including the supercooling of Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2, multichannel steam superheater 3, multichannel
Steam reheater 4 and corresponding connecting line；Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2, multichannel steam superheater 3 and the multi-pass
Road supercooled steam regenerator 4 is Heat Exchangers, wherein Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2 connects LNG storage tank 1, and reception comes from
Liquid LNG-0 fuel in LNG storage tank, Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2 is connected to multichannel steam superheater 3 constitutes LNG evaporation
Gasification cycle circuit, Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2 is connected to multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 constitutes LNG steam extraction cycle
Circuit, meanwhile, multichannel steam superheater 3 and multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 receive the first of cold recovery unit respectively
Refrigerating medium Z1 and the second refrigerating medium Z2 evaporates gasification circulation loop and LNG steam extraction cycle circuit as heat source, into LNG,
It exchanges heat with LNG saturated vapor, supercooled steam, in the multichannel steam superheater 3 and multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 after heat exchange
The first refrigerating medium Z1 and the second refrigerating medium Z2 subcooled liquid respectively from multichannel steam superheater 3 outlet and multichannel supercooling steam
4 outlet return of vapour regenerator reaches the natural gas of assigned temperature to corresponding cold recovery unit after cycle heat exchange gasification
NG (LNG-12) enters marine main engine 5 from the outlet of steam reheater 4；
Two cold recovery units, respectively include the second cryogenic energy utilization device 6, the first cryogenic energy utilization device 7 and
Corresponding connecting line；The second cryogenic energy utilization device 6 and the first cryogenic energy utilization device 7 is air-conditioning, refrigerator or seawater
All kinds of marine refrigerating plants such as desalting plant use the second refrigerating medium Z2 and the first refrigerating medium Z1 to provide as refrigerant cold respectively
Can, the high temperature refrigerating medium Z1-1 in the first cryogenic energy utilization device 7 after released cold quantity enters cycle heat exchange network by pipeline
The partial gasification cooling capacity of LNG, the height in the second cryogenic energy utilization device 6 after released cold quantity are recycled in multichannel steam superheater 3
Warm refrigerating medium Z2-1, which is entered by pipeline in the multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 of cycle heat exchange network, recycles remaining LNG gas
Change cooling capacity, the first refrigerating medium Z1-2 and the of multichannel steam superheater 3 and multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 is flowed out after heat exchange
The subcooled liquid of two refrigerating medium Z2-2 is back to corresponding first cryogenic energy utilization device 7 and the second cryogenic energy utilization dress respectively by the road
6 are set, continues to become high temperature refrigerating medium after released cold quantity refrigeration in cryogenic energy utilization device to enter cycle heat exchange network.
Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2, multichannel steam superheater 3 and the multichannel supercooled steam backheat of cycle heat exchange network
Device 4 is plate-fin, board-like, winding tubular type or shell-tube type Heat Exchangers.As shown in Fig. 2, cycle heat exchange network is by multi-pass
Road liquid evaporator 2, multichannel steam superheater 3 and the encapsulation of 4 three parts of multichannel supercooled steam regenerator are integrated in same
The compound cycle heat exchange device of integral type constituted in multi-channel heat exchanger, is easily installed.LNG liquid, saturated vapor, overheat with
Multiple heat exchanger channels involved in supercooled steam and refrigerating medium are assigned to cycle heat exchange network by deflector beam and end socket
In.
Heat exchange in Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2, multichannel steam superheater 3 and multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 is logical
Road is all made of fin structure, it is contemplated that LNG liquid viscosity is larger, the preferred plain fin of heat exchanger channels or aperture fin, and LNG is full
Sawtooth pattern or rippled fin are used with steam and overheat and the heat exchanger channels of supercooled steam, and the first refrigerating medium Z1 and second
The heat exchanger channels of refrigerating medium Z2 preferably select flat type or rippled fin.
As shown in figure 3, Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2 is single Multi-stream plate-fin heat exchanger, selected in heat exchanger channels
Vacuum heat-insulating layer K is arranged in industrial plate-fin heat exchanger fin, heat exchanger two sides, for completely cutting off heat exchanger and extraneous heat transfer.
The arrangement of heat exchanger channels is configured using cold fluid and hot fluid single layer, bilayer or combination in Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2,
One layer of cold (or heat) channel, and repeatedly stacking are accompanied between two layers of adjacent heat (or cold) channel.
As shown in figure 4, multichannel steam superheater 3 and multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 are combined into one, structure is changed
Vacuum heat-insulating layer K is respectively set in hot device, multichannel steam superheater 3 and 4 two sides of multichannel supercooled steam regenerator, for every
Heat transfer between exhausted heat exchanger and the external world and heat exchanger.Multichannel steam superheater 3 and multichannel supercooled steam backheat
The arrangement of heat exchanger channels is configured using cold fluid and hot fluid single layer, bilayer or combination in device 4, i.e., adjacent at two layers
One layer of cold (or heat) channel, and repeatedly stacking are accompanied between hot (or cold) channel.
A kind of LNG power cold recovery exchange method peculiar to vessel, which is characterized in that steps are as follows:
(1) the evaporation gasification of LNG liquid fuel
Liquid LNG-0 fuel in LNG storage tank 1 is steamed by the Multi-channel liquid that cryogenic pipe is delivered to cycle heat exchange network
It sends out in device 2, LNG-0 liquid fuel is as cold fluid, using having already passed through multichannel steam superheater 3, multichannel supercooled steam
The LNG superheated steam (LNG-2, LNG-4, LNG-6, LNG-8, LNG-10) that regenerator 4 flows back after exchanging heat is carried out as hot fluid
Evaporation gasification, to be converted into LNG saturated vapor LNG-1；
(2) circulation heat recovery of LNG steam
Saturated vapor LNG-1, which enters in multichannel steam superheater 3, to flow back with after the first refrigerating medium Z1 heat exchange as first
Superheated steam LNG-2, return Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2 in initial LNG-0 liquid heat exchange become supercooled steam LNG-3,
Released cold quantity is finally entered in multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 to the second refrigerating medium Z2, to complete first time extraction cycle；
After exchanging heat in multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4, not up to LNG superheated steam (LNG-4, LNG-6, LNG- of assigned temperature
8, LNG-10) it is flowed back in Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2 again, as the beginning of extraction cycle next time, gasify initial LNG-0
It is flowed back in multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 again after liquid and continues backheat；
(3) host is supplied after LNG gasification
It supplies and requires according to marine fuel, LNG liquid after n times recycle, is followed in the cycle heat exchange network set
Ring frequency n >=2, n=5 in the present embodiment finally export LNG-12 in multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 with the shape of natural gas NG
Formula is exported according to assigned temperature, and is delivered to marine main engine 5 by fuel gas pipeline and is burnt, to complete LNG fuel
Gasification cycle；
In the gasification cycle of above-mentioned LNG fuel, LNG-0 liquid fuel is assigned temperature by the gasification of cycle heat exchange network
Natural gas gas NG and be delivered to marine main engine, LNG gasification process release cooling capacity a part by multichannel steam superheater 3
In the first refrigerating medium Z1 absorbed, another part is absorbed by the second refrigerating medium Z2 in multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4.
(4) the recycling circulation of cooling capacity
First refrigerating medium Z1-1 used in first cryogenic energy utilization device 7, which is passed through to absorb in multichannel steam superheater 3, to satisfy
Become Z1-2 with the cooling capacity of steam LNG-1, returns to released cold quantity in the first cryogenic energy utilization device 7 and freeze, after released cold quantity again
Become Z1-1 to go successively in multichannel steam superheater 3, to realize the primary recycling circulation of LNG gasification cooling capacity；
Second refrigerating medium Z2-1 used in second cryogenic energy utilization device 6 is passed through in multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 and inhales
The cooling capacity for receiving LNG supercooled steam (LNG-3, LNG-5, LNG-7, LNG-9, LNG-11) becomes Z2-2, returns to the second cryogenic energy utilization
Released cold quantity freezes in device 6, becomes Z2-1 again after released cold quantity and goes successively in multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4, from
And realize the secondary recovery circulation of LNG gasification cooling capacity；
First refrigerating medium Z1 and the second refrigerating medium Z2 distinguishes after the evaporation latent heat of absorption LNG and the latent heat with circumstance of temperature difference
It is passed through different the first cryogenic energy utilization device 7 and the second cryogenic energy utilization device 6, the first cryogenic energy utilization device 7 and the second cooling capacity benefit
It is all kinds of marine refrigerating plants, the first refrigerating medium Z1 and second refrigerating mediums such as air-conditioning, refrigerator or desalination plant with device 6
The cooling capacity for absorbing the release of LNG evaporation process in heat-exchange network again is returned after Z2 released cold quantity, completes cold recovery circulation.
The first refrigerating medium Z1 and the second refrigerating medium Z2 uses glycol water and/or aqueous solution of propylene glycol.The
One refrigerating medium Z1 and the second refrigerating medium Z2 may be the same or different, should according to different cycle-indexes and required temperature case into
Row specific choice.
The type and flow of the first refrigerating medium Z1 and the second refrigerating medium Z2 should be determined according to LNG supply amount, it may be assumed that
First refrigerating medium Z1 should be ensured that the LNG-2 gas for returning to Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2 for the first time in multichannel steam superheater 3
For superheat state, the superheat state refers to that LNG evaporating completely becomes shape for continuing heating after gas under working environment pressure
State；The freezing point of the second refrigerating medium Z2 in multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 necessarily be greater than LNG supercooled steam (LNG-3,
LNG-5, LNG-7, LNG-9, LNG-11) temperature, the freezing point refers to the three-phase that under working environment pressure refrigerating medium solidifies
Point temperature.
LNG stream amount size according to the technological requirements, the design parameter of cycle heat exchange network by the specific heat of refrigerating medium, flow,
Outlet temperature to be achieved needed for cycle-index and refrigerating medium is determining；It is customized according to different flows, temperature requirements different
Design parameter has biggish flexibility and wide applicability.
The cycle heat exchange frequency n calculation formula of cycle heat exchange network is as follows:
In formula: m is LNG mass flow, and r is LNG vaporization latent heat, cpFor the specific heat capacity of LNG, t is the temperature of each fluid in Fig. 1
It spends, type of fluid corresponding to each temperature corresponds to shown in footmark such as it, it may be assumed that LNG-12, LNG-0, LNG-3, Z1-2, Z1-1, Z2-
2, the temperature of Z2-1 fluid.
In the case where given LNG supply flow rate determines, cycle-index n exported with multichannel steam superheater 3 the
The temperature t of one refrigerating medium Z1Z1-24 entrance of reduction and multichannel supercooled steam regenerator the second refrigerating medium Z2 temperature
tZ2-1Reduction and reduce, and with cold fluid inlet temperature t in Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2LNG-0Reduction and increase.Pass through tune
The cycle-index n for saving cycle heat exchange network, can be realized the different refrigerant temperatures for meeting various user demands.
As shown in figure 3, setting the cycle-index n of cycle heat exchange network as 5 times, Multi-channel liquid evaporates in the present embodiment
Device 2 is multi-channel plate fin heat exchanger, and heat exchanger channels are cold fluid and hot fluid " sandwich " arrangement, and LNG liquid access is designed as 5 layers
Channel, and the LNG superheated steam recycled every time is set as 2 layers of channel, circulation 5 times, amounts to 10 layers of channel.Multi-channel liquid evaporation
It is that 1 gang of cold fluid LNG-0 and 5 bursts of hot fluids (LNG-2, LNG-4, LNG-6, LNG-8, LNG-10) exchange heat in device 2.Its
In, LNG liquid LNG-0 is assigned to 5 layers of heat exchanger channels, and every layer of channel fin is fin with apertures, and wing height 6.5mm, wing are wide
1.4mm, wing thickness 0.2mm, the LNG liquid in 5 layers of channel converge to corresponding end socket by flow deflector and are discharged, flow deflector model
65D4205；LNG superheated steam LNG-2, LNG-4, LNG-6, LNG-8, LNG-10 are 5 heat exchange cycle circuits, each circuit quilt
It is divided into 2 layers, altogether 10 layers of heat exchanger channels, every layer of fin is serrated fin, and the wide 1.4mm of wing height 9.5mm, wing, wing are thick
0.2mm, sawtooth pitch 3mm, the LNG steam in 10 layers of channel converge to corresponding end socket by flow deflector and are discharged, flow deflector model
For 95D4205.In addition, in order to reduce size of heat exchanger, facilitate channel arrangement distribution, hot fluid heat exchange layer design in the present embodiment
For symmetrical structure, ratio 3:2, it may be assumed that 6 layers of channel include LNG-2, LNG-6 and LNG-10, and 4 layers of channel include LNG-4 and LNG-
8.In order to suitably keep the temperature, one layer of vacuum heat-insulating layer K also is respectively arranged in the outermost layer two sides of heat exchanger channels.Above-mentioned every layer of channel is equal
It is made of end socket, strip of paper used for sealing, side plate, flow deflector and heat exchange fin.5 heat-exchanging loop LNG-2 in Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2,
LNG-4, LNG-6, LNG-8, LNG-10 are successively to exchange heat and non-concurrent heat exchange, can improve cold energy recycling effect to a greater extent
Rate.
Multichannel steam superheater 3 and multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 are combined into one the heat exchanger of structure, such as Fig. 4
Shown, the heat exchanger channels in multichannel steam superheater 3 and multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 are cold fluid and hot fluid " sandwich " row
Column.In multichannel steam superheater 3, the first refrigerating medium Z1 is assigned to 3 layers of channel, and LNG saturated vapor is assigned to 2 layers and leads to
Road, it is spaced each other.In multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4, the LNG supercooled steam recycled every time is set to 2 layers and leads to
Road, 5 circulations, it is total to have 10 layers of channel；Second refrigerating medium Z2 is set as 11 layers of channel, is alternatively arranged and wraps up every layer of supercooling and steams
Vapour channel.
In multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4, be 1 gang of hot fluid refrigerating medium Z2-1 and 5 bursts of cold fluids (LNG-3, LNG-5,
LNG-7, LNG-9, LNG-11) it exchanges heat.Wherein, refrigerating medium Z2-1 is assigned to 11 layers of heat exchanger channels, the wing in every layer of channel
Piece is plain fin, the wide 2mm of wing height 9.5mm, wing, wing thickness 0.3mm, and the secondary refrigerant liquid in 11 layers of channel is converged by flow deflector
Gather to corresponding end socket discharge, flow deflector model 95DD4205；LNG supercooled steam LNG-3, LNG-5, LNG-7, LNG-9, LNG-
11 are divided into 5 heat exchange cycle circuits, and each circuit is divided into 2 layers, altogether 10 layers of heat exchanger channels, and every layer of fin is sawtooth pattern
Fin, the wide 1.4mm of wing height 9.5mm, wing, wing thickness 0.2mm, sawtooth pitch 3mm, the LNG steam in 10 layers of channel is by flow deflector
Converge to corresponding end socket discharge, flow deflector model 95D4205.Furthermore in order to reduce size of heat exchanger, heat exchanger channels be facilitated to arrange
Cloth distribution, hot fluid heat exchange layer are designed as symmetrical structure, and ratio 3:2, i.e. 6 layers of channel include LNG-3, LNG-5 and LNG-7, and 4
Layer channel includes LNG-9 and LNG-11.In order to suitably keep the temperature, one layer of vacuum also is respectively arranged in the outermost layer two sides of heat exchanger channels
Thermal insulation layer K.Above-mentioned every layer of channel is made of end socket, strip of paper used for sealing, side plate, flow deflector and heat exchange fin.Multichannel supercooled steam returns
5 heat exchange cycle circuits LNG-3, LNG-5, LNG-7, LNG-9, LNG-11 in hot device 4 are also successively to exchange heat and non-concurrent change
Heat, to further increase cold energy recovery efficiency.
In addition, in order to reduce structure size, multichannel steam superheater 3 is integrated in multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4
Inside, and separated by 2 vacuum heat-insulating layer K.3 layer of first refrigerating medium heat exchanger channels is provided in multichannel steam superheater 3
And 2 layers of LNG saturated vapor heat exchanger channels, for carrying out the heat exchange between hot fluid Z1-1 and cold fluid LNG-1, structure with
Above structure is identical, repeats no more.Above-mentioned every layer of channel is made of end socket, strip of paper used for sealing, side plate, flow deflector and heat exchange fin.
According to schematic diagram shown in FIG. 1, LNG-0 liquid enters cycle heat exchange after the adjusting of fuel pump discharge by LNG storage tank 1
Network.LNG-0 passes to overheating itself steam LNG-2, LNG-4, LNG- through Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2, by latent heat of phase change
6 ..., LNG-2n, the LNG steam LNG-1 for subsequently becoming saturation enters multichannel steam superheater 3 to carry out with the first refrigerating medium Z1
It exchanges heat, and is heated as the LNG steam LNG-2 of overheat by refrigerating medium Z1；LNG-2 returns to Multi-channel liquid as first hot-fluid
Evaporator 2 heats LNG initial cryogenic liquid LNG-0；After LNG-0 heat exchange, superheated steam LNG-2 becomes supercooled steam LNG-3
Continue to flow into multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4；In multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4, the second refrigerating medium Z2 circulating-heating
Supercooled steam LNG-3, LNG-5, LNG-7 ..., LNG-2n+1；Superheated steam LNG- is become by the LNG-3 after refrigerating medium Z2 heating
4, and come back to the one cycle in the completion cycle heat exchange network of Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2；LNG-4 becomes second hot-fluid
It returns to Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2 to continue to heat LNG initial cryogenic liquid LNG-0, be recycled next time to open.It follows above-mentioned
Mode is discharged cold energy again by multichannel steam superheater 3 and given after LNG liquid discharges latent heat of phase change to overheating itself steam
First refrigerating medium Z1 finally continues to discharge cold energy in multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 to the second refrigerating medium Z2.Above-mentioned circulation
After carrying out n times in Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2 and multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4, multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 goes out
The LNG-2n+2 of mouth escapes and enter conduct in marine main engine engine after reaching assigned temperature as the gasification product natural gas of LNG
Power fuel uses.
Secondly, the first refrigerating medium Z1 absorbs LNG-1 under saturation state first in the superheater and steams in cycle heat exchange network
The cooling capacity of vapour becomes superheated steam LNG-2 and returns to heating LNG initial cryogenic liquid in Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2
LNG-0；Then, the second refrigerating medium Z2 cyclic absorption in multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 comes from Multi-channel liquid evaporator 2
In LNG supercooled steam LNG-3, LNG-5, LNG-7 ..., the cooling capacity of LNG-2n+1, it is complete that it is obtained after iterative cycles n times
Portion's cooling capacity.
LNG cooling capacity is finally by the first refrigerating medium Z1 and multichannel supercooled steam regenerator 4 in multichannel steam superheater 3
In the second refrigerating medium Z2 recycled with different temperature gradient conditions: the first refrigerating medium Z1 be used for low temperature cold recovery,
Outlet temperature is according to the minimum cooling capacity reachable -30 DEG C, recycled of LNG stream amount size for the use of ship freezing equipment；Second carries
Cryogen is used for high temperature cold recovery, and up to 10 DEG C or so, the cooling capacity recycled makes outlet temperature for systems such as marine air conditionings
With.In heat transfer process, the temperature gradient of LNG steam and refrigerating medium with 10 DEG C to the 30 DEG C temperature difference.Above-mentioned cycle heat exchange network
Middle to be risen again using repeatedly circulation, cycle heat exchange Web portal is LNG liquid, and the outlet of cycle heat exchange network is natural gas gas
Body output.
A kind of LNG gasification peculiar to vessel and cold recovery exchange system and method proposed by the present invention, by marine fuel fluid reservoir
In LNG liquid by cycle heat exchange network carry out high-efficiency gasification and simultaneously using refrigerating medium progress cold recovery, can not only
Meet the gas fuel demand and supply of marine main engine engine, and can also the release of high efficiente callback gasification cold energy and with not
The refrigeration requirement of the devices such as synthermal supply marine air conditioning, food stuff refrigerated storage and sea water desalination.The present invention is by cleverly designing
So that cold fluid and hot fluid is carried out big temperature difference heat exchange to guarantee gasification completely, and then make in cold energy recycling cold fluid and hot fluid into
The small temperature difference of row exchanges heat to improve energy recovery efficiency, and cold by unique circulation spontaneous evaporation design and circulation refrigerating medium recycling
Can design effectively avoid conventional gasifier and freeze and inefficient problem.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: its according to
So be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of the technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of LNG power cold recovery exchange system peculiar to vessel, which is characterized in that including LNG fuel gasification unit, cycle heat exchange
Network and two cold recovery unit compositions, LNG fuel gasification unit and two cold recovery units pass through cycle heat exchange network
Connection heat exchange, in which:
The LNG fuel gasification unit, including LNG storage tank (1), marine main engine (5) and corresponding connecting line；LNG storage
Tank (1) is connected to by cryogenic pipe with cycle heat exchange Web portal, and marine main engine (5) passes through fuel gas pipeline and circulating picture-changing heat supply network
Network outlet receives the LNG fuel of gasification；
The cycle heat exchange network, including the supercooling of Multi-channel liquid evaporator (2), multichannel steam superheater (3), multichannel
Steam reheater (4) and corresponding connecting line；The Multi-channel liquid evaporator (2), multichannel steam superheater (3)
It is Heat Exchangers with multichannel supercooled steam regenerator (4), wherein Multi-channel liquid evaporator (2) connects LNG storage tank
(1), the liquid LNG fuel in LNG storage tank is received, Multi-channel liquid evaporator (2) and multichannel steam superheater (3) are even
Logical to constitute LNG evaporation gasification circulation loop, Multi-channel liquid evaporator (2) is connected to structure with multichannel supercooled steam regenerator (4)
At LNG steam extraction cycle circuit, meanwhile, multichannel steam superheater (3) and multichannel supercooled steam regenerator (4) connect respectively
The first refrigerating medium (Z1) and the second refrigerating medium (Z2) for receiving cold recovery unit are used as heat source, are recycled back into LNG evaporation gasification
Road and LNG steam extraction cycle circuit exchange heat with LNG saturated vapor, supercooled steam, the multichannel steam superheater after heat exchange
(3) the first refrigerating medium (Z1) and the second refrigerating medium (Z2) subcooled liquid and in multichannel supercooled steam regenerator (4) respectively from
Multichannel steam superheater (3) outlet and multichannel supercooled steam regenerator (4) outlet return to corresponding cold recovery
Unit, the natural gas that assigned temperature is reached after the gasification of multichannel cycle heat exchange enter marine main engine from steam reheater (4) outlet
(5)；
Two cold recovery units, respectively include the second cryogenic energy utilization device (6), the first cryogenic energy utilization device (7) and
Corresponding connecting line；The second cryogenic energy utilization device (6) and the first cryogenic energy utilization device (7) is carried using second respectively
As refrigerant offer cold energy, the high temperature refrigerating medium of outlet is respectively enterd by pipeline for cryogen (Z2) and the first refrigerating medium (Z1)
The gasification cooling capacity of multichannel supercooled steam regenerator (4) and multichannel steam superheater (3) the recycling LNG of cycle heat exchange network,
The first refrigerating medium (Z1) and second of multichannel steam superheater (3) and multichannel supercooled steam regenerator (4) is flowed out after heat exchange
Refrigerating medium (Z2) subcooled liquid is back to corresponding first cryogenic energy utilization device (7) and the second cryogenic energy utilization device by the road
(6), continuing after released cold quantity refrigeration in cryogenic energy utilization device, which becomes high temperature refrigerating medium, enters cycle heat exchange network.
2. a kind of LNG power cold recovery exchange system peculiar to vessel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described follows
Multi-channel liquid evaporator (2), multichannel steam superheater (3) and the multichannel supercooled steam regenerator (4) of ring heat-exchange network
For plate-fin, board-like, winding tubular type or shell-tube type Heat Exchangers.
3. a kind of LNG power cold recovery exchange system peculiar to vessel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described follows
Ring heat-exchange network is by Multi-channel liquid evaporator (2), multichannel steam superheater (3) and multichannel supercooled steam regenerator
(4) three parts encapsulation is integrated in the compound cycle heat exchange device of integral type constituted in the same multi-channel heat exchanger, convenient for peace
Dress.
4. a kind of LNG power cold recovery exchange system peculiar to vessel according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described is more
Heat exchanger channels in channel liquid evaporator (2), multichannel steam superheater (3) and multichannel supercooled steam regenerator (4) are equal
Using fin structure, it is contemplated that LNG liquid viscosity is larger, and heat exchanger channels select plain fin or aperture fin, LNG saturated vapor
And overheat and the heat exchanger channels of supercooled steam use sawtooth pattern or rippled fin, and the first refrigerating medium (Z1) and the second refrigerating
The heat exchanger channels of agent (Z2) select flat type or rippled fin.
5. a kind of LNG power cold recovery exchange system peculiar to vessel according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described is more
The cloth of channel liquid evaporator (2), multichannel steam superheater (3) and multichannel supercooled steam regenerator (4) interior heat exchanger channels
It sets mode to be configured using cold fluid and hot fluid single layer, bilayer or combination, i.e., between two layers of adjacent heat (or cold) channel
Accompany one layer of cold (or heat) channel, and repeatedly stacking.
6. a kind of LNG power cold recovery exchange system peculiar to vessel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described is more
Channel liquid evaporator (2) is single Multi-stream plate-fin heat exchanger, multichannel steam superheater (3) and multichannel supercooled steam
Regenerator (4) is combined into one the heat exchanger of structure, industrial plate-fin heat exchanger fin is selected in heat exchanger channels, Multi-channel liquid steams
Vacuum heat-insulating layer is respectively set in hair device (2), multichannel steam superheater (3) and multichannel supercooled steam regenerator (4) two sides
(K), for completely cutting off the heat transfer between heat exchanger and the external world and heat exchanger.
7. a kind of LNG power cold recovery exchange method peculiar to vessel, which is characterized in that steps are as follows:
(1) the evaporation gasification of LNG liquid fuel
Liquid LNG fuel in LNG storage tank (1) is delivered to the Multi-channel liquid evaporator of cycle heat exchange network by cryogenic pipe
(2) in, LNG liquid fuel as cold fluid, using have already passed through multichannel steam superheater (3), multichannel supercooled steam returns
The LNG superheated steam to flow back after hot device (4) heat exchange is evaporated gasification as hot fluid, to be converted into LNG saturated vapor；
(2) circulation heat recovery of LNG steam
LNG saturated vapor enter in multichannel steam superheater (3) with the first refrigerating medium (Z1) heat exchange after become first reflux
Superheated steam, returning in Multi-channel liquid evaporator (2) becomes supercooled steam with the heat exchange of initial LNG liquid, finally enters multi-pass
Released cold quantity gives the second refrigerating medium (Z2) in road supercooled steam regenerator (4), to complete first time extraction cycle；In multichannel
In supercooled steam regenerator (4) after heat exchange, the LNG superheated steam of not up to assigned temperature flows back to Multi-channel liquid evaporator again
(2) in, as the beginning of extraction cycle next time, multichannel supercooled steam is flowed back to after the initial LNG liquid that gasifies again and is returned
Continue backheat in hot device (4)；
(3) host is supplied after LNG gasification
It supplies and requires according to marine fuel, for LNG liquid in the cycle heat exchange network set after n times recycle, circulation is secondary
Number n >=2 are finally exported according to assigned temperature in the form of natural gas in multichannel supercooled steam regenerator (4) outlet, and passed through
Fuel gas pipeline is delivered to marine main engine (5) and burns, to complete the gasification cycle of LNG fuel；
(4) the recycling circulation of cooling capacity
First refrigerating medium (Z1) used in first cryogenic energy utilization device (7), which is passed through in multichannel steam superheater (3), absorbs LNG
The cooling capacity of saturated vapor is then returned to released cold quantity in the first cryogenic energy utilization device (7) and freezes, the first refrigerating after released cold quantity
Agent (Z1) is gone successively in multichannel steam superheater (3), to realize the primary recycling circulation of LNG gasification cooling capacity；
Second refrigerating medium (Z2) used in second cryogenic energy utilization device (6), which is passed through in multichannel supercooled steam regenerator (4), to be inhaled
The cooling capacity for receiving LNG supercooled steam is then returned in the second cryogenic energy utilization device (6) released cold quantity and freezes, and the after released cold quantity
Two refrigerating mediums (Z2) are gone successively in multichannel supercooled steam regenerator (4), to realize that the secondary recovery of LNG gasification cooling capacity is followed
Ring.
8. a kind of LNG power cold recovery exchange method peculiar to vessel according to claim 7, which is characterized in that described
One refrigerating medium (Z1) and the second refrigerating medium (Z2) are identical or different, should be according to different cycle-indexes and required temperature case
It is specifically chosen.
9. a kind of LNG power cold recovery exchange method peculiar to vessel according to claim 7, which is characterized in that described
One refrigerating medium (Z1) and the second refrigerating medium (Z2) use glycol water and/or aqueous solution of propylene glycol, refrigerating medium type and stream
Amount should be determined according to LNG supply amount, it may be assumed that the first refrigerating medium (Z1) should be ensured that for the first time in multichannel steam superheater (3)
The LNG gas for returning to Multi-channel liquid evaporator (2) is superheat state, and the superheat state refers under working environment pressure
LNG evaporating completely becomes state for continuing heating after gas；The second refrigerating medium in multichannel supercooled steam regenerator (4)
(Z2) freezing point necessarily is greater than the temperature that LNG crosses cold air, and the freezing point refers to the refrigerating medium solidification under working environment pressure
Triple point.
10. a kind of LNG power cold recovery exchange method peculiar to vessel according to claim 7, which is characterized in that according to technique
It is required that LNG stream amount size, the cycle heat exchange frequency n calculation formula of cycle heat exchange network is as follows:
In formula: m is LNG mass flow, and r is LNG vaporization latent heat, cpFor the specific heat capacity of LNG, tLNG-0And tLNG-12Respectively recycle
The temperature of heat-exchange network entrance LNG liquid and export gas, tLNG-3Enter supercooled steam regenerator 4 for first time extraction cycle
LNG supercooled steam temperature, tZ1-1And tZ1-2Respectively first refrigerating medium of multichannel steam superheater (3) entrance and exit
(Z1) temperature, tZ2-1And tZ2-2Respectively second refrigerating medium (Z2) of multichannel supercooled steam regenerator (4) entrance and exit
Temperature.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811499586.5A CN109458554B (en) | 2018-12-09 | 2018-12-09 | Marine LNG gasification and cold recovery heat exchange system and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| CN114909605A (en) * | 2022-06-08 | 2022-08-16 | 江苏科技大学 | LNG ship cold energy circulating storage and cold energy comprehensive utilization system and working method thereof |
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| CN109458554B (en) | 2023-08-01 |
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