CN109453159B - Application of valeriana jatamansi jones extract monomer compound in preparation of anti-AD drugs - Google Patents
Application of valeriana jatamansi jones extract monomer compound in preparation of anti-AD drugs Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines, provides a valeriana jatamansi extract monomeric compound and an application thereof in preparation of a medicine for treating Alzheimer's disease, and particularly relates to an application of the valeriana jatamansi extract monomeric compound in preparation of a medicine for treating Alzheimer's disease. The compound acts on a pathologic model of the Alzheimer's disease caenorhabditis elegans, and the result shows that: the valeriana jatamansi jones extract monomer compound has a remarkable treatment effect on caenorhabditis elegans suffering from Alzheimer's disease, which is shown in the remarkable delay of the paralytic phenotype of the caenorhabditis elegans suffering from Alzheimer's disease. Compared with the spider perfume extract, the compound has obviously improved anti-paralysis drug effect and higher medicinal value. The valeriana jatamansi extract monomer compound provided by the invention has the potential of resisting Alzheimer disease, and can be applied to preparation of a medicine for treating Alzheimer disease.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicines, and provides a valeriana jatamansi extract monomer compound and application thereof in a medicine for treating Alzheimer's disease.
Background
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a degenerative disease of the nervous system that predominates in progressive cognitive impairment and memory impairment, is one of the most common forms of senile dementia. Clinically, it is characterized by generalized dementia such as memory impairment, aphasia, agnosia, impairment of visual spatial skills, impairment of executive function, and personality and behavioral changes. The proportion of the medicine in the patients with dementia is more than 75%. With the increasing aging degree of China, AD can become one of the main diseases affecting the health of the old, and the effective prevention and treatment of AD becomes another important subject before people.
Amyloid deposition (a β protein) and neurofibrillary tangles are two major pathological features of AD. Modern medicine has studied the pathogenesis of AD for many years, but due to its complex etiology, the pathogenesis of the disease is still unclear, and the "Α β cascade hypothesis" is one of the mechanisms that are currently widely accepted by the scientific community. The theory considers that abnormally deposited A beta in the brain of a patient directly or indirectly acts on neurons and glial cells through a series of cascade reactions such as free radical reaction, mitochondrial oxidative damage, inflammatory reaction and the like, finally leads to neuron dysfunction or death, triggers cognitive impairment and memory decline, and finally causes dementia. Currently, amyloid a β is one of the most recognized targets for screening anti-AD drugs.
The AD has complex etiology, long course of disease and more pathogenic links, and needs to be taken for a long time, the existing anti-Alzheimer disease drugs on the market comprise acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (such as galantamine) and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA receptor) antagonists (such as memantine), but the drugs are expensive, and after the drugs are taken, the side effects of hallucinations, consciousness chaos, dizziness, headache, tiredness and the like are obvious, and the drugs only aim at the symptoms, but not at the etiology. Therefore, current anti-AD drugs used clinically only control, but do not reverse, the condition of the patient. Under such circumstances, it is imminent to find more effective anti-AD drugs.
Caenorhabditis elegans (Caenorhabditis elegans) is a very useful research platform for multifunctional drug screening and drug action mechanisms. It is cheap and easy to culture; the generation period is short, the number of offspring is large, a large number of individuals with consistent backgrounds can be obtained, the experimental repeatability is ensured, and the experiment is carried out by adopting a large sample amount, so that the influence of individual difference is eliminated; is highly conserved in genes and molecular pathways with higher organisms (Kaletta and Hengartner, 2006). It is more and more favored by pharmacologists as a bridge from the primary screening of cell in vitro horizontal drugs to the secondary screening of mouse in vivo horizontal drugs. The humanized caenorhabditis elegans AD pathological model is formed by combining human A beta1-42The gene is transferred downstream of the myosin promoter and expressed under temperature control, the nematode strain can normally grow at 15 ℃ and when transferred to 25 ℃, Abeta1-42Is expressed and accumulated in the muscle of the nematode, and leads the nematode to lose the motor ability and be paralyzed. The addition of the test agent delayed the muscle paralysis phenotype, with the results expressed as the number of muscle paralysis nematodes as a percentage of the number of the test nematode population. The higher the nonparallel nematode ratio, the more significant the anti-AD effect of the drug. This model has long been used to model anti-AD disease generatorsStudies of the mechanism of action of neutralizing anti-AD drugs and candidates (Link, 1995; 2001).
The epilepsy medicament is a traditional Chinese medicine compound in China. Studies have shown that Dianxianning can improve AD-like symptoms and 5-HT sensitivity of AD nematode paralysis. Dianxianing significantly reduces the content of A beta oligomers, thereby reducing A beta toxicity, and improving anti-stress ability, protecting nematodes from oxidative stress (Zhi et al, 2017). The valeriana jatamansi jones as a monarch drug in the compound preparation of the epilepsy medicament also has the effect. Therefore, it is imperative to search for and find effective ingredients of valeriana jatamansi jones against AD.
The elegans AD pathological model is adopted to test the valeriana jatamansi jones extract monomeric compound, and the compound is found to be capable of dose-dependently slowing down the AD pathological characteristics of the elegans. Therefore, the invention provides a valeriana jatamansi extract monomer compound and application thereof in preparing a medicament for treating Alzheimer's disease.
Reference to the literature
Kaletta T,Hengartner MO.Finding function in novel targets:C.elegans as a model organism.Nat Rev Drug Discov 2006,5:387e398.
Link CD.Expression of human beta-amyloid peptide in transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans.Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995,92:9368e9372.
Link CD.Transgenic invertebrate models of age-associated neurodegenerative diseases.Mech Ageing Dev 2001,122:1639e1649.
Zhi D,Wang D,Yang W,et al.Dianxianning improved amyloidβ-induced pathological characteristics partially through DAF-2/DAF-16insulin like pathway in transgenic C.elegans[J].Sci Rep,2017,7(1):11408.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pharmaceutical compound, and particularly relates to a valeriana jatamansi extract monomer compound and application thereof in preparation of a medicine for treating Alzheimer's disease.
A valeriana jatamansi jones extract monomer compound represented by the following formula (1) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
the compound shown in the formula (1) or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is added with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary material to prepare any one dosage form of cream, capsule, tablet, granule, solution, powder and suspension.
The application of the compound shown in the formula (1) or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in preparing the medicine for treating the Alzheimer disease.
The application of the compound shown in the formula (1) or the pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an effective component in preparing the medicine for treating the Alzheimer disease.
The experiment is carried out by taking caenorhabditis elegans as a pathological model of Alzheimer's disease, and the result shows that: the monomeric compound has a remarkable treatment effect on the AD caenorhabditis elegans. The expression shows that the compound has obvious inhibition effect on the paralytic phenotype caused by the intramuscular A beta overexpression of the AD caenorhabditis elegans, and can obviously delay the paralytic phenotype of the Alzheimer's disease caenorhabditis elegans. Meanwhile, compared with the spider perfume extract, the compound has the advantages of obviously improved anti-paralysis drug effect and higher medicinal value. Therefore, the valeriana jatamansi jones extract monomer compound provided by the invention has the potential of resisting AD and can be applied to preparation of medicaments for treating AD.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.
Example one method for extracting monomeric compound from valeriana jatamansi jones extract
Taking dried root (20.0kg) of Valeriana jatamansi, pulverizing, soaking in 95% ethanol for four times, each for seven days to obtain ethanol total extract 1332 g. This was suspended in 1.5L of distilled water, and extracted four times with ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and n-butanol (n-BuOH) respectively to obtain 409g of ethyl acetate extract. Separating the ethyl acetate extract with silica gel column chromatography, collecting mobile phase of petroleum ether-acetone (40:1, 20:1, 10:1, 5:1, 2:1, 1:1), developing by TLC thin layer chromatography, and mixing similar fractions to obtain 6 fractions.
A10: 1 fraction (20.0g) was subjected to silica gel column chromatography and eluted with chloroform-ethyl acetate 100:1 to give a compound represented by the formula (1) (60 mg).
Example II Valeriana jatamansi Michx delays muscle paralysis of AD caenorhabditis elegans
1. Biological material
(1) AD nematode strain CL4176 was purchased from Caenorhabditis Genetics Center (CGC); for transgenic lines, muscle-specific expression of human Abeta induced at 25 ℃ temperature1-42，Aβ1-42Accumulation in muscle tissue, ultimately leading to nematode paralysis, the present example used the C.elegans CL4176 strain as a pathological model for screening anti-AD drugs.
(2) Escherichia coli OP50 (uracil leaky mutant), purchased from Caenorhabditis Genetics Center (CGC), was used as feed for C.elegans.
2. Reagent
(1) Solid NGM (Newatode Growth Medium) medium composition and preparation (taking 1 liter as an example):
| composition (I) | Content (wt.) |
| NaCl | 3.00g |
| K2HPO4 | 2.34g |
| KH2PO4 | 17.23g |
| Peptone | 2.50g |
| Agar-agar | 17.00g |
| Supplement H2O to | 1000mL |
After preparing the solid NGM culture medium, sterilizing at 121 deg.C under high pressure and constant temperature for 20min, adding 5mg/mL cholesterol 1mL, 1M MgSO4 1mL,1M CaCl21mL was shaken well and poured hot into a sterilized 9cm plate, approximately 20 mL/plate. Standing for solidification of the culture medium.
(2) M9 liquid formula
| Composition (I) | Content (wt.) |
| Na2HPO4 | 6.00g |
| KH2PO4 | 3.00g |
| NaCl | 5.00g |
| 1M MgSO4 | 1.00mL |
| Supplement H2O to | 1000mL |
(3) Preparation of lysate: a6.4% NaClO solution and a 1M NaOH solution were mixed in a volume ratio of 1: 1.
3. NGM flat plate for preparing valeriana jatamansi jones
(1) Preparing a medicine mother solution:
a: weighing 1.42g of valeriana jatamansi jones, adding 100ml of water, carrying out water extraction at 100 ℃ for 30 minutes, taking an extracting solution to fix the volume to 100ml, and preparing a liquid medicine of 14.2mg/ml for later use.
B: taking 25mL of the solution A, diluting to 100mL in a gradient manner, and preparing 3.55mg/mL liquid medicine.
C: taking 25mL of the solution B, diluting to 100mL in a gradient manner, and preparing 0.8875mg/mL liquid medicine.
(2) Preparing an NGM flat plate containing valeriana jatamansi jones:
adding 14.2mg/ml, 3.55mg/ml and 0.8875mg/ml spider perfume decoction into the corresponding NGM culture medium, and pouring.
The final concentration of valeriana jatamansi jones was 10-fold diluted from the original mother liquor.
Finally, the NGM plates contained the compound at concentrations of 1.42mg/ml, 0.355mg/ml, 0.08875mg/ml
Standing for culture medium solidification. Coli OP50 was spread evenly on the medium as feed for nematodes.
4. Carrying out the step
(1) And (3) culturing nematodes:
the nematodes were plated on solid NGM plates coated with E.coli OP50 and then incubated in an incubator at 16 ℃ and synchronized when they reached adult growth.
(2) Nematode synchronization:
selecting NGM culture medium containing a large amount of imagoes and part of nematode eggs which have been hatched, flushing the nematodes from the culture medium by using M9 liquid, transferring the nematodes to a centrifuge tube, standing the nematode to enable the nematodes to freely settle to the bottom of the centrifuge tube, and discarding supernatant. And adding the lysate into the centrifuge tube according to the amount of the nematode, oscillating the centrifuge tube on a vortex mixer for 5 to 7 minutes, stopping vortex when the nematode is completely broken, subpackaging the centrifuge tube with 1.5mL, and washing the nematode eggs with M9 solution for three times.
(3) Effect of Aranea-scented Water extract on caenorhabditis elegans CL4176
The synchronized nematode eggs, which were sub-packaged in centrifuge tubes, were transferred to NGM dishes coated with OP50 and mixed with various concentrations of arachnid extracts and NGM dishes coated with OP50 and added with sterile water of the same volume as the drug (blank control), 60 nematodes per dish, three dishes per drug concentration were used as a parallel, and cultured at 16 ℃ for 3 days to L3.
In order to express A beta, the L3 phase nematodes were induced at 25 ℃ and count of paralyzed nematode sticks started after 34 h. Counting every two hours until all nematodes are paralyzed, namely when the body of the nematodes is mechanically stimulated by platinum wires, only the head of the nematodes can move. The results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 therapeutic Effect of different concentrations of Valeriana jatamansi Jones on AD nematodes
Note: a. b and c represent that P is less than 0.05, and the significant difference exists.
PT50 is the time taken for paralytic nematodes to occupy half of the nematode population tested. The experimental data are expressed as PT50 ± Standard Deviation (SD). The paralysis percentage of the last time point of the tested experimental group reaches 50 percent.
The Of control is equal to the time at 75% paralysis minus the time at 25% paralysis for the nematodes in the treated group divided by the time at 75% paralysis minus the time at 25% paralysis for the nematodes in the control group, multiplied by 100%. The experimental data are expressed as Of control ± Standard Deviation (SD). The data in each experiment were marked with different letters indicating significant differences, P < 0.05.
The experimental results show that the valeriana jatamansi water extract is used in the present example to delay half of the paralytic period of muscle paralysis of AD nematodes (PT 50). From the of control (%) values, the 1420 μ g/ml group significantly delayed the rate of nematode paralysis, but at very high concentrations, the aqueous extract of valeriana jatamansi jones was required to have significant efficacy.
EXAMPLE III dose-dependent retardation of muscular paralysis of AD C.elegans by monomeric compounds of valeriana jatamansi extract
1. Biological material
(1) AD nematode strain CL4176 was purchased from Caenorhabditis Genetics Center (CGC); for transgenic lines, muscle-specific expression of human Abeta induced at 25 ℃ temperature1-42，Aβ1-42Accumulation in muscle tissue, ultimately leading to nematode paralysis, the present example used the C.elegans CL4176 strain as a pathological model for screening anti-AD drugs.
(2) Escherichia coli OP50 (uracil leaky mutant), purchased from Caenorhabditis Genetics Center (CGC), was used as feed for C.elegans.
2. Reagent
(1) Solid NGM (Newatode Growth Medium) medium composition and preparation (taking 1 liter as an example):
| composition (I) | Content (wt.) |
| NaCl | 3.00g |
| K2HPO4 | 2.34g |
| KH2PO4 | 17.23g |
| Peptone | 2.50g |
| Agar-agar | 17.00g |
| Supplement H2O to | 1000mL |
After preparing the solid NGM culture medium, sterilizing at 121 deg.C under high pressure and constant temperature for 20min, adding 5mg/mL cholesterol 1mL, 1M MgSO4 1mL,1M CaCl21mL was shaken well and poured hot into a sterilized 9cm plate, approximately 20 mL/plate. Standing for solidification of the culture medium.
(2) M9 liquid formula
| Composition (I) | Content (wt.) |
| Na2HPO4 | 6.00g |
| KH2PO4 | 3.00g |
| NaCl | 5.00g |
| 1M MgSO4 | 1.00mL |
| Supplement H2O to | 1000mL |
(3) Preparation of lysate: a6.4% NaClO solution and a 1M NaOH solution were mixed in a volume ratio of 1: 1.
3. Preparation of monomeric compound NGM plate
(1) Preparing a medicine mother solution:
a: weighing 1.4mg of monomer compound of Valeriana jatamansi Jones extract, adding 30.4 μ L of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and preparing 100mM (46mg/ml) medicinal liquid.
B: mu.L of solution A was taken, and diluted in a gradient to prepare 4600. mu.g/ml of 10mM (4.6mg/ml) solution.
C: 10. mu.L of the solution B was collected and diluted in a gradient to prepare a 1mM (0.46mg/ml) solution of 46. mu.g/ml.
(2) Configuration of NGM plates containing monomeric compounds:
100mM, 10mM and 1mM solutions are added to the corresponding NGM medium respectively, and the plate is inverted.
The final concentration of the monomeric compound of the valeriana jatamansi extract is 1000 times diluted of the original mother liquor.
Finally, the NGM plates contained the compounds at concentrations of 100. mu.M, 10. mu.M, 1. mu.M
Standing for culture medium solidification. Coli OP50 was spread evenly on the medium as feed for nematodes.
4. Carrying out the step
(1) And (3) culturing nematodes:
the nematodes were plated on solid NGM plates coated with E.coli OP50 and then incubated in an incubator at 16 ℃ and synchronized when they reached adult growth.
(2) Nematode synchronization:
selecting NGM culture medium containing a large amount of imagoes and part of nematode eggs which have been hatched, flushing the nematodes from the culture medium by using M9 liquid, transferring the nematodes to a centrifuge tube, standing the nematode to enable the nematodes to freely settle to the bottom of the centrifuge tube, and discarding supernatant. And adding the lysate into the centrifuge tube according to the quantity of the nematode, oscillating the centrifuge tube on a vortex mixer for 5 to 7 minutes, stopping vortex when the nematode is completely broken, subpackaging the centrifuge tube with 1.5mL, and washing the nematode eggs with M9 solution for three times.
(4) Effect of valeriana jatamansi jones extract monomer compound on caenorhabditis elegans CL4176
The synchronized nematode eggs dispensed into the centrifuge tubes were transferred to NGM dishes coated with OP50 and mixed with different concentrations of spilanthus extract monomeric compound and NGM dishes coated with OP50 and added with DMSO of the same volume as the drug (blank control), 60 nematodes per dish, three dishes per drug concentration as a parallel, and cultured at 16 ℃ for 3 days to L3.
In order to express A beta, the L3 phase nematodes were induced at 25 ℃ and count of paralyzed nematode sticks started after 34 h. Counting every two hours until all nematodes are paralyzed, namely when the body of the nematodes is mechanically stimulated by platinum wires, only the head of the nematodes can move. The results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 therapeutic effect of monomeric compound of valeriana jatamansi jones extract at different concentrations on AD nematodes
Note: a. b and c represent that P is less than 0.05, and the significant difference exists.
PT50 is the time taken for paralytic nematodes to occupy half of the nematode population tested. The experimental data are expressed as PT50 ± Standard Deviation (SD). The paralysis percentage of the last time point of the tested experimental group reaches 50 percent.
The Of control is equal to the time at 75% paralysis minus the time at 25% paralysis for the nematodes in the treated group divided by the time at 75% paralysis minus the time at 25% paralysis for the nematodes in the control group, multiplied by 100%. The experimental data are expressed as Of control ± Standard Deviation (SD). The data in each experiment were marked with different letters indicating significant differences, P < 0.05.
The experimental results show that the monomeric compound of the valeriana jatamansi jones extract (shown in formula 1) is used in the embodiment to remarkably delay half of the paralytic period of muscle paralysis of AD nematodes (PT 50). From the of control (%) values, the 46 μ g/ml group significantly delayed the rate of nematode paralysis. Compared with the spider perfume extract, the compound has the advantages that the anti-paralysis effect is remarkably doubled under the condition of the same medicine concentration, and the compound has higher medicinal value.
Example four dose-dependent retardation of muscle paralysis in AD C.elegans by the extract monomeric Compound of Valeriana jatamansi jones
The procedure is as in example three, and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 therapeutic Effect of various concentrations of the monomeric compound Valeriana jatamansi jones on AD nematodes
Note: a. b and c represent that P is less than 0.05, and the significant difference exists.
PT50 is the time taken for paralytic nematodes to occupy half of the nematode population tested. The experimental data are expressed as PT50 ± Standard Deviation (SD). The paralysis percentage of the last time point of the tested experimental group reaches 50 percent.
The Of control is equal to the time at 75% paralysis minus the time at 25% paralysis for the nematodes in the treated group divided by the time at 75% paralysis minus the time at 25% paralysis for the nematodes in the control group, multiplied by 100%. The experimental data are expressed as Of control ± Standard Deviation (SD). The data in each experiment were marked with different letters indicating significant differences, P < 0.05.
The experimental results show that the monomeric compound of the valeriana jatamansi jones extract (shown in formula 1) is used in the embodiment to remarkably delay half of the paralytic period of muscle paralysis of AD nematodes (PT 50). From the of control (%) values, the 46 μ g/ml group significantly delayed the rate of nematode paralysis. Compared with the spider perfume extract, the compound has the advantages that the anti-paralysis effect is remarkably doubled under the condition of the same medicine concentration, and the compound has higher medicinal value.
Claims (1)
1. Application of valeriana jatamansi extract monomer compound shown in formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in preparation of medicine for treating Alzheimer's disease
（Ⅰ）
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| CN101486743A (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2009-07-22 | 北京卓凯生物技术有限公司 | Novel iridoid compound with anti-Alzheimer's disease function |
| CN101444500A (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2009-06-03 | 中国人民解放军第二军医大学 | Application of iridoid in preparing anti-tumor medicine |
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