CN109451309A - The full I frame of HEVC encodes the CTU layer bit rate distribution method based on conspicuousness - Google Patents
The full I frame of HEVC encodes the CTU layer bit rate distribution method based on conspicuousness Download PDFInfo
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- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/134—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
- H04N19/146—Data rate or code amount at the encoder output
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- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
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- H04N19/172—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a picture, frame or field
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of full I frames of HEVC to encode coding tree unit (CTU) layer bit rate distribution method based on conspicuousness, reads in current encoded frame under the coding configuration of full I frame, the conspicuousness of present frame different zones is calculated using 4 × 4 block of pixels as unit；The average conspicuousness as CTU is taken to the conspicuousness of block of pixels, and whole frame CTU layers of conspicuousness is normalized, whole frame CTU layers of conspicuousness is taken average as frame-layer conspicuousness；It is that present frame distributes target bits according to the conspicuousness of the video remaining bits number, buffer fullness and the present frame that encode when the current frame；According to present frame remaining bits number, current CTU frame in and interframe conspicuousness weight be current CTU distribute target bits；The Lagrange multiplier (λ) that current CTU coding is calculated by code rate model, is encoded further according to the λ quantization parameter for obtaining current CTU；Remaining bits number and various model parameters are updated, is completed until whole I frames encode, the method increase the subjective visual qualities of the full I frame coding of HEVC.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Video coding especially Subjective video quality Optimized Coding Based technical fields, and in particular to a kind of HEVC
Full I frame encodes the CTU layer bit rate distribution method based on conspicuousness.
Background technique:
The target of Video coding is that optimal well as subjective video quality is obtained under the limitation of code rate.High-performance video coding
(HEVC) H.265 it is current video encoding standard newest in the world, compares previous generation video encoding standard H.264 its coding
Efficiency is doubled, and supports full I frame coding, low latency (LD) and random access (RA) various configurations.Wherein full I frame encodes only
Spatial prediction is carried out without carrying out time prediction using inter-pixel using pixel in frame, is had coding rate fast and is convenient for frame
Between parallel encoding the features such as, be suitble to high to coding rate and image quality requirements and require compression efficiency relatively low field
It closes.But the HEVC Data Rate Distribution proposed at present and rate control algorithm be directed to mostly LD and RA configure lower P frame or B frame frame-layer or
Coding tree unit (CTU) layer optimizes, and the frame-layer or CTU layers of Data Rate Distribution and control for the coding configuration of full I frame are calculated
Method is few and usually relatively simple, for example distributes identical target bits for all CTU of I frame or use identical quantization parameter
(QP) characteristic encoded without considering CTU, both methods realize it is simple, but can all cause code rate resource waste and nothing
Method obtains optimal subjective picture quality.
To the quick of different zones when traditional Data Rate Distribution and another problem of control are few consideration eye-observation images
Perceptual difference, and only consider the objective complexity of picture material, the quality and subjective vision after leading to Data Rate Distribution and coding are not
Unanimously.H.264 and the P frame and B frame frame-layer or volume of HEVC coding up to now, a small number of documents attempt using vision significance to
Code elementary layer carries out QP adjustment and controls with code rate.For example Hu Ruimin et al. obtained the patent of invention of authorization: Yi Zhongji in 2012
In the code rate controlling method for video coding (CN102164281B) of visual saliency model, the patent of invention to H.264 P frame with
B frame coding in the significance region of the significance model extraction present frame of proposition in 2003 and carries out frame-layer mesh using Itti et al.
Bit distribution is marked, combines texture, movement and significance to carry out the distribution of macro block (MB) layer bit and coding later, improves H.264P
The subjective quality of frame and B frame coding.And Tang Tong et al. obtained the patent of invention announced in 2016: the full I frame view based on gradient
Frequency bit rate control method and control system (CN106231305A), the frame-layer that full I frame is encoded using gradient information and CTU layers of QP
It is adjusted, improves the subjective quality of I frame coding.But gradient information describes objective complexity, subjective sensitive with human eye
It spends still variant.The present invention is based on frame-layer and the distribution of CTU layer bit rate that conspicuousness carries out the full I frame coding of HEVC, preferably solve
The above problem.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of full I frames of HEVC to encode the CTU layer bit rate distribution method based on conspicuousness, with
It solves the above-mentioned multiple defects caused by the prior art.
A kind of full CTU layer bit rate distribution method of the I frame coding based on conspicuousness of HEVC, comprising the following steps:
S1: reading in current encoded frame under the coding configuration of full I frame, calculates present frame not same district by unit of 4 × 4 block of pixels
The conspicuousness in domain；
S2: the average conspicuousness as CTU is taken to the conspicuousness of CTU 4 × 4 block of pixels for including, and to whole frame CTU layers
Conspicuousness is normalized, and takes to whole frame CTU layers of conspicuousness average as frame-layer conspicuousness；
S3: being to work as according to the conspicuousness of the video remaining bits number, buffer fullness and the present frame that encode when the current frame
Previous frame distributes target bits；
S4: according to present frame remaining bits number, current CTU frame in and interframe conspicuousness weight be current CTU distribute mesh
Mark bit；
S5: the Lagrange multiplier (λ) of current CTU coding is calculated by code rate model, obtains the amount of current CTU further according to λ
Change parameter to be encoded；
S6: being updated remaining bits number and various model parameters, continues to encode next CTU until present frame institute
There are CTU and whole I frame coding to complete.
Preferably, the step S1 includes the following steps:
S11: reading in the YUV pixel value of current encoded frame, and luminance channel (Y) is drawn according to 4 × 4 pixel block sizes
Point, the pixel value of 4 × 4 block of pixels and its corresponding channel UV of combining the channel Y forms the feature vector of 4 × 4 pieces of layers
S12: the feature vector of 4 × 4 pieces of layers is utilized4 × 4 pieces of conspicuousness is calculated using local contrast principle,
Calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein, k indicates present encoding frame number, m indicate m-th 4 × 4 pieces, n indicates adjacent 4 × 4 pieces of 8 neighborhood of the block in part
Number, dist () indicates the Euclidean distance between two feature vectors,Indicate 4 × 4 pieces of m-th of kth frame of conspicuousness.
Preferably, the step S2 includes the following steps:
S21: the average conspicuousness as CTU is taken to 4 × 4 pieces of the conspicuousness that CTU includes, calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein,Indicate that i-th of CTU of kth frame includes 4 × 4 pieces of number,It is the conspicuousness of i-th of CTU of kth frame；
S22: whole frame CTU layers of conspicuousness is normalized；
S23: average conduct frame-layer conspicuousness is taken to whole frame CTU layers of conspicuousness, calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein,Indicate the number of kth frame CTU, SkIt is the conspicuousness of kth frame frame-layer.
Preferably, the step S3 includes the following steps:
S31: being that present frame distributes target bits T according to the video remaining bits number of coding when the current framek,r, calculation formula
It is as follows:
Wherein, k indicates present encoding frame number, TrIt is to encode video remaining bits number when the current frame, NrIt is to encode when the current frame
The remaining uncoded frame number of video, Tk,rIt is the target bits according to video remaining bits number for present frame distribution；
S32: being that present frame distributes target bits T according to the actual buffering area degree of filling of coding when the current framek,b, calculate public
Formula is as follows:
Wherein, bit_rate is target bit rate, and frame_rate is frame per second, TblkIt is the Target buffer encoded when the current frame
Level, bufferkIt is the actual buffering area degree of filling encoded when the current frame, γ is constant, value 0.25, for controlling buffering
The influence intensity that area's degree of filling distributes frame-layer bit, Tk,bIt is the target according to actual buffering area degree of filling for present frame distribution
Bit；
S33: comprehensively consider Tk,rWith Tk,b, and combining the conspicuousness of present frame is that present frame distributes final goal bit, meter
It is as follows to calculate formula:
Tk=SWk×[β×Tk,r+(1-β)×Tk,b]
Wherein, β is constant, value 0.9, SkWith Sk-1It is the frame-layer conspicuousness of current kth frame and former frame, SW respectivelyk
It is the significance weighted factor of present frame, value is limited between [0.81.2], in case adjacent two frames target bit allocation is poor
Different excessive the case where leading to interframe quality fluctuation.
Preferably, the step S4 includes the following steps:
S41: being current according to conspicuousness weight in the frame of present frame remaining bits number and current CTU when encoding current CTU
CTU distributes target bitsCalculation formula is as follows:
Wherein, i indicates present encoding CTU,It is current i-th of the CTU time frame remaining bits number of kth frame of coding,It is
The conspicuousness of i-th of CTU of kth frame,It is the number of CTU in a frame,It is conspicuousness weight in the frame of current CTU；
S42: according to the interframe conspicuousness of the actual coding bit number of current CTU former frame same position CTU and current CTU
Weight distributes target bits for current CTUCalculation formula is as follows:
Wherein,It is the actual coding bit number of former frame same position CTU,It is former frame same position CTU
Conspicuousness,It is the interframe conspicuousness weight of current CTU, value is limited between [0.8 1.2]；
S43: comprehensively considerWithFinal goal bit is distributed for current CTUCalculation formula is as follows:
Wherein, α is constant, value 0.8, for the practical volume of control frame remaining bits number and former frame same position CTU
Contribution of the code bit number to current CTU target bit allocation.
Preferably, the step S5 includes the following steps:
S51: the Lagrange multiplier of current CTU coding is calculated by code rate model R- λ
S52: the quantization parameter of current CTU coding is calculated according to the relationship of quantization parameter QP and Lagrange multiplierMeter
It is as follows to calculate formula:
S53: according to quantization parameterCurrent CTU is encoded.
Preferably, after the completion of the step S6 includes the following steps: current CTU coding, to frame remaining bits number and code rate
Model parameter is updated, and continues to encode next CTU until all CTU coding completions of present frame, and whole I frame have encoded
At.
The present invention has the advantages that (1) present invention I frame coding configuration complete to HEVC carries out frame-layer and CTU using conspicuousness
The target bit rate distribution of layer, makes coding result more meet human eye perception characteristics；(2) present invention makes full use of video remaining bits
Number, buffer fullness and frame-layer conspicuousness are that present frame distributes target bits, so that frame-layer target bit allocation is more reasonable；
(3) present invention makes full use of frame remaining bits number, the actual coding bit number of former frame same position CTU and current CTU
With interframe conspicuousness weight in frame, so that CTU layers of target bit allocation are more reasonable, and then the subjective quality of coding is improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
To be easy to understand the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention, below with reference to
Specific embodiment, the present invention is further explained.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of full I frame of HEVC encodes the CTU layer bit rate distribution method based on conspicuousness, including following step
It is rapid:
S1: reading in current encoded frame under the coding configuration of full I frame, calculates present frame not same district by unit of 4 × 4 block of pixels
The conspicuousness in domain, step S1 include the following steps:
S11: reading in the YUV pixel value of current encoded frame, and luminance channel (Y) is drawn according to 4 × 4 pixel block sizes
Point, the pixel value of 4 × 4 block of pixels and its corresponding channel UV of combining the channel Y forms the feature vector of 4 × 4 pieces of layers
S12: the feature vector of 4 × 4 pieces of layers is utilized4 × 4 pieces of conspicuousness is calculated using local contrast principle,
Calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein, k indicates present encoding frame number, m indicate m-th 4 × 4 pieces, n indicates adjacent 4 × 4 pieces of 8 neighborhood of the block in part
Number, dist () indicates the Euclidean distance between two feature vectors,Indicate 4 × 4 pieces of m-th of kth frame of conspicuousness；
S2: the average conspicuousness as CTU is taken to the conspicuousness of CTU 4 × 4 block of pixels for including, and to whole frame CTU layers
Conspicuousness is normalized, and takes average conduct frame-layer conspicuousness to whole frame CTU layers of conspicuousness, step S2 includes the following steps:
S21: the average conspicuousness as CTU is taken to 4 × 4 pieces of the conspicuousness that CTU includes, calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein,Indicate that i-th of CTU of kth frame includes 4 × 4 pieces of number,It is the conspicuousness of i-th of CTU of kth frame；
S22: whole frame CTU layers of conspicuousness is normalized；
S23: average conduct frame-layer conspicuousness is taken to whole frame CTU layers of conspicuousness, calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein,Indicate the number of kth frame CTU, SkIt is the conspicuousness of kth frame frame-layer；
S3: being to work as according to the conspicuousness of the video remaining bits number, buffer fullness and the present frame that encode when the current frame
Previous frame distributes target bits, and step S3 includes the following steps:
S31: being that present frame distributes target bits T according to the video remaining bits number of coding when the current framek,r, calculation formula
It is as follows:
Wherein, k indicates present encoding frame number, TrIt is to encode video remaining bits number when the current frame, NrIt is to encode when the current frame
The remaining uncoded frame number of video, Tk,rIt is the target bits according to video remaining bits number for present frame distribution；
S32: being that present frame distributes target bits T according to the actual buffering area degree of filling of coding when the current framek,b, calculate public
Formula is as follows:
Wherein, bit_rate is target bit rate, and frame_rate is frame per second, TblkIt is the Target buffer encoded when the current frame
Level, bufferkIt is the actual buffering area degree of filling encoded when the current frame, γ is constant, value 0.25, for controlling buffering
The influence intensity that area's degree of filling distributes frame-layer bit, Tk,bIt is the target according to actual buffering area degree of filling for present frame distribution
Bit；
S33: comprehensively consider Tk,rWith Tk,b, and combining the conspicuousness of present frame is that present frame distributes final goal bit, meter
It is as follows to calculate formula:
Tk=SWk×[β×Tk,r+(1-β)×Tk,b]
Wherein, β is constant, value 0.9, SkWith Sk-1It is the frame-layer conspicuousness of current kth frame and former frame, SW respectivelyk
It is the significance weighted factor of present frame, value is limited between [0.81.2], in case adjacent two frames target bit allocation is poor
Different excessive the case where leading to interframe quality fluctuation；
S4: according to present frame remaining bits number, current CTU frame in and interframe conspicuousness weight be current CTU distribute mesh
Bit is marked, step S4 includes the following steps:
S41: being current according to conspicuousness weight in the frame of present frame remaining bits number and current CTU when encoding current CTU
CTU distributes target bitsCalculation formula is as follows:
Wherein, i indicates present encoding CTU,It is current i-th of the CTU time frame remaining bits number of kth frame of coding,It is
The conspicuousness of i-th of CTU of kth frame,It is the number of CTU in a frame,It is conspicuousness weight in the frame of current CTU；
S42: according to the interframe conspicuousness of the actual coding bit number of current CTU former frame same position CTU and current CTU
Weight distributes target bits for current CTUCalculation formula is as follows:
Wherein,It is the actual coding bit number of former frame same position CTU,It is former frame same position CTU
Conspicuousness,It is the interframe conspicuousness weight of current CTU, value is limited between [0.8 1.2]；
S43: comprehensively considerWithFinal goal bit is distributed for current CTUCalculation formula is as follows:
Wherein, α is constant, value 0.8, for the practical volume of control frame remaining bits number and former frame same position CTU
Contribution of the code bit number to current CTU target bit allocation；
S5: the Lagrange multiplier (λ) of current CTU coding is calculated by code rate model, obtains the amount of current CTU further according to λ
Change parameter to be encoded, step S5 includes the following steps:
S51: the Lagrange multiplier of current CTU coding is calculated by code rate model R- λ
S52: the quantization parameter of current CTU coding is calculated according to the relationship of quantization parameter QP and Lagrange multiplierMeter
It is as follows to calculate formula:
S53: according to quantization parameterCurrent CTU is encoded；
S6: being updated remaining bits number and various model parameters, continues to encode next CTU until present frame institute
There are CTU and whole I frame coding to complete, after the completion of step S6 includes the following steps: current CTU coding, to frame remaining bits number
It is updated with code rate model parameter, continues to encode next CTU until all CTU coding completions of present frame, and whole I frame
Coding is completed.
As known by the technical knowledge, the present invention can pass through the embodiment party of other essence without departing from its spirit or essential feature
Case is realized.Therefore, embodiment disclosed above, in all respects are merely illustrative, not the only.Institute
Have within the scope of the present invention or is included in the invention in the change being equal in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of full I frame of HEVC encodes the CTU layer bit rate distribution method based on conspicuousness, which comprises the following steps:
S1: current encoded frame is read under the coding configuration of full I frame, calculates present frame different zones by unit of 4 × 4 block of pixels
Conspicuousness；
S2: taking the average conspicuousness as CTU to the conspicuousness of CTU 4 × 4 block of pixels for including, and significant to whole frame CTU layers
Property be normalized, to whole frame CTU layers of conspicuousness take it is average be used as frame-layer conspicuousness；
S3: being present frame according to the conspicuousness of the video remaining bits number, buffer fullness and the present frame that encode when the current frame
Distribute target bits；
S4: according to present frame remaining bits number, current CTU frame in and interframe conspicuousness weight be current CTU distribute target ratio
It is special；
S5: being calculated the Lagrange multiplier (λ) of current CTU coding by code rate model, is joined further according to the λ quantization for obtaining current CTU
Number is encoded；
S6: being updated remaining bits number and various model parameters, continues to encode next CTU until present frame is all
CTU and whole I frame coding are completed.
2. the full I frame of a kind of HEVC according to claim 1 encodes the CTU layer bit rate distribution method based on conspicuousness, special
Sign is: the step S1 includes the following steps:
S11: reading in the YUV pixel value of current encoded frame, and luminance channel (Y) is divided according to 4 × 4 pixel block sizes, connection
The pixel value of 4 × 4 block of pixels and its corresponding channel UV of closing the channel Y forms the feature vector of 4 × 4 pieces of layers
S12: the feature vector of 4 × 4 pieces of layers is utilized4 × 4 pieces of conspicuousness is calculated using local contrast principle, is calculated
Formula is as follows:
Wherein, k indicates present encoding frame number, m indicate m-th 4 × 4 pieces, n indicates adjacent 4 × 4 pieces of 8 neighborhood of the block number in part,
Dist () indicates the Euclidean distance between two feature vectors,Indicate 4 × 4 pieces of m-th of kth frame of conspicuousness.
3. the full I frame of a kind of HEVC according to claim 1 encodes the CTU layer bit rate distribution method based on conspicuousness, special
Sign is: the step S2 includes the following steps:
S21: the average conspicuousness as CTU is taken to 4 × 4 pieces of the conspicuousness that CTU includes, calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein,Indicate that i-th of CTU of kth frame includes 4 × 4 pieces of number, Sk iIt is the conspicuousness of i-th of CTU of kth frame；
S22: whole frame CTU layers of conspicuousness is normalized；
S23: average conduct frame-layer conspicuousness is taken to whole frame CTU layers of conspicuousness, calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein,Indicate the number of kth frame CTU, SkIt is the conspicuousness of kth frame frame-layer.
4. the full I frame of a kind of HEVC according to claim 1 encodes the CTU layer bit rate distribution method based on conspicuousness, special
Sign is: the step S3 includes the following steps:
S31: being that present frame distributes target bits T according to the video remaining bits number of coding when the current framek,r, calculation formula is as follows:
Wherein, k indicates present encoding frame number, TrIt is to encode video remaining bits number when the current frame, NrIt is to encode video when the current frame
Remaining uncoded frame number, Tk,rIt is the target bits according to video remaining bits number for present frame distribution；
S32: being that present frame distributes target bits T according to the actual buffering area degree of filling of coding when the current framek,b, calculation formula is such as
Under:
Wherein, bit_rate is target bit rate, and frame_rate is frame per second, TblkIt is the target buffer level encoded when the current frame,
bufferkIt is the actual buffering area degree of filling encoded when the current frame, γ is constant, and value 0.25 is filled for controlling buffer area
The influence intensity that full scale distributes frame-layer bit, Tk,bIt is the target bits according to actual buffering area degree of filling for present frame distribution；
S33: comprehensively consider Tk,rWith Tk,b, and combining the conspicuousness of present frame is that present frame distributes final goal bit, is calculated public
Formula is as follows:
Tk=SWk×[β×Tk,r+(1-β)×Tk,b]
Wherein, β is constant, value 0.9, SkWith Sk-1It is the frame-layer conspicuousness of current kth frame and former frame, SW respectivelykIt is to work as
The significance weighted factor of previous frame, value are limited between [0.81.2], in order to avoid adjacent two frames target bit allocation difference mistake
The case where leading to interframe quality fluctuation greatly.
5. the full I frame of a kind of HEVC according to claim 1 encodes the CTU layer bit rate distribution method based on conspicuousness, special
Sign is: the step S4 includes the following steps:
S41: being current CTU according to conspicuousness weight in the frame of present frame remaining bits number and current CTU when encoding current CTU
Distribute target bitsCalculation formula is as follows:
Wherein, i indicates present encoding CTU,It is current i-th of the CTU time frame remaining bits number of kth frame of coding,It is kth frame
The conspicuousness of i-th of CTU,It is the number of CTU in a frame,It is conspicuousness weight in the frame of current CTU；
S42: it is weighed according to the interframe conspicuousness of the actual coding bit number of current CTU former frame same position CTU and current CTU
Weight distributes target bits for current CTUCalculation formula is as follows:
Wherein,It is the actual coding bit number of former frame same position CTU,It is the significant of former frame same position CTU
Property,It is the interframe conspicuousness weight of current CTU, value is limited between [0.8 1.2]；
S43: comprehensively considerWithFinal goal bit is distributed for current CTUCalculation formula is as follows:
Wherein, α is constant, value 0.8, for control frame remaining bits number and former frame same position CTU actual coding ratio
Special several contributions to current CTU target bit allocation.
6. the full I frame of a kind of HEVC according to claim 1 encodes the CTU layer bit rate distribution method based on conspicuousness, special
Sign is: the step S5 includes the following steps:
S51: the Lagrange multiplier of current CTU coding is calculated by code rate model R- λ
S52: the quantization parameter of current CTU coding is calculated according to the relationship of quantization parameter QP and Lagrange multiplierIt calculates public
Formula is as follows:
S53: according to quantization parameterCurrent CTU is encoded.
7. the full I frame of a kind of HEVC according to claim 1 encodes the CTU layer bit rate distribution method based on conspicuousness, special
Sign is: after the completion of the step S6 includes the following steps: current CTU coding, to frame remaining bits number and code rate model parameter
It is updated, continues to encode next CTU until all CTU coding completions of present frame, and whole I frame coding are completed.
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| CN105049850A (en) * | 2015-03-24 | 2015-11-11 | 上海大学 | HEVC (High Efficiency Video Coding) code rate control method based on region-of-interest |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110708548A (en) * | 2019-10-14 | 2020-01-17 | 福建天晴在线互动科技有限公司 | Method for bit allocation in panoramic video frame |
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