CN109450531A - A kind of optical fiber interferometer sensor disturbing signal demodulating equipment based on single sideband frequency modulation - Google Patents
A kind of optical fiber interferometer sensor disturbing signal demodulating equipment based on single sideband frequency modulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109450531A CN109450531A CN201910032658.3A CN201910032658A CN109450531A CN 109450531 A CN109450531 A CN 109450531A CN 201910032658 A CN201910032658 A CN 201910032658A CN 109450531 A CN109450531 A CN 109450531A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/501—Structural aspects
- H04B10/503—Laser transmitters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
- H04B10/075—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal
- H04B10/079—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal using measurements of the data signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
- H04B10/5165—Carrier suppressed; Single sideband; Double sideband or vestigial
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/60—Receivers
- H04B10/61—Coherent receivers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of optical fiber interferometer sensor disturbing signal demodulating equipment based on single sideband frequency modulation, including laser, modulator, FM source, optical filter, image intensifer, optoisolator, Michelson's interferometer, PZT, photodetector, data sampling card.Apparatus of the present invention introduce microwave frequency modulation source, using the method for frequency sweep, avoid traditional internal modulation PGC method to the straight high request for adjusting laser source, reduce relative intensity noise；And the present invention uses 12 quadrature demodulations, avoids electric frequency mixer using bringing additional electrical noise, measurement dynamic range it is big and can fully automated measurement, simplify demodulating algorithm, reduce costs；Present system can effectively detect the sensor array of Arbitrary distribution simultaneously, keep the applicability of system stronger.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of photo communication, and in particular to a kind of optical fiber interferometer sensor based on single sideband frequency modulation
Disturbing signal demodulating equipment.
Background technique
Fibre optic hydrophone is widely used in earthquake prediction, oil exploration, safety detection etc., just because of its is highly sensitive
Degree, big dynamic range and from electromagnetic interference.Usually, optical fiber interferometer sensor unequal arm system can be divided into mikey
Er Xun and Mach increase Dare structure, carry out demodulation to the disturbing signal on its signal arm and use phase generated carrier (PGC)
Technology.Traditional internal modulation PGC technical principle is to use uneven interferometer, by carrying out high frequency modulated to light source frequency, from
And the significantly phase modulated signal of a certain frequency outside detection signal bandwidth is introduced in interferometer, so that detected signal is become this
The sideband of a little significantly carrier waves, carries out coherent detection and differential multiplication cross side with the carrier wave of carrier wave itself and two frequencys multiplication respectively
Formula separates exchange transducing signal and the drift of low frequency random phase of fibre optic interferometer, then obtains stable biography by high-pass filter
Feel signal output；This technique simplifies system structure, however it is corresponding can pull-in frequency chirp and additional modulation of source, and
And relative intensity noise is improved in the entire system.In addition, traditional signal demodulation scheme has active zero balancing, passive homodyne
Method and heterodyne method can bring low transfer efficiency, volume in analog demodulator structure due to the introducing of electric frequency mixer in these schemes
Phase offset caused by outer electrical noise and temperature change, therefore some digital quadrature demodulation schemes for not needing electricity mixing are mentioned
Out, eliminate as digital domain structure is asymmetric and caused by optical phase imbalance bring change at random.
The Chinese patent of Publication No. CN102353393A proposes a kind of interference-type light sensing based on pi/2 phase modulation
The orthogonal demodulation device of device, wherein laser output light is divided into sensing optical path and reference path after 1 × 2 coupler, letter
Phase sensitive device of number sense light road through sensing head obtains transducing signal output, and reference path is obtained through pi/2 phase modulator
It being exported to reference signal, transducing signal output generates interference light after the interference combining of 2 × 1 optical combiners with reference signal output,
It is sampled using after photodetector by digital signal processor, the data of acquisition are divided into after two-way according to odd even position by number
The transducing signal that quadrature demodulation demodulates needed for obtaining.The apparatus structure is simple, but on the reference arm of fibre optic interferometer " green end "
Due to there are reference source part, being not carried out " green end " all-fiber, it is difficult to realize and construct large-scale hydrophone array.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned, the optical fiber interferometer sensor disturbing signal demodulation based on single sideband frequency modulation that the present invention provides a kind of
Device, the device pass through FM signal in modulators modulate to optical signal, and obtain single sideband frequency modulation letter by filter and amplification
Number, all-fiber is realized at " green end ", and by being obtained using its orthogonality in 12 data points of a frequency modulation periodic sampling
Two-way orthogonal signalling, to demodulate disturbing signal information, method is easy, has biggish measurement dynamic range.
A kind of optical fiber interferometer sensor disturbing signal demodulating equipment based on single sideband frequency modulation, including laser, frequency modulation
Source, modulator, optical filter, image intensifer, optoisolator, Michelson's interferometer, PZT (lead titanate piezoelectric ceramics), light
Electric explorer and data sampling card；Wherein:
The laser is input to modulator for emitting continuous narrow linewidth optical signal；
The FM source is that the frequency-modulated wave that f frequency modulation index (FM index) is β is input to modulator for generating modulation frequency；
The modulator is used to obtaining light and carrying FM signal C1 the intensity modulated of frequency-modulated wave to narrow linewidth optical signal；
The optical filter, which is used to carry FM signal C1 to light, carries out band logical linear filter, and the optical sideband for filtering out one side obtains
To single sideband frequency modulation carrier signal C2；
The image intensifer is used to carry out optical power amplification, amplified single-side belt tune to single sideband frequency modulation carrier signal C2
Frequency carrier signal C2 is input in Michelson's interferometer by optoisolator；
The Michelson's interferometer includes photo-coupler, signal arm, reference arm and faraday rotation mirror M1 and M2, light
Coupler is for the optical signal for inputting Michelson's interferometer to be divided into two: being all the way reference optical signal, makes it through reference
Arm is transmitted to faraday rotation mirror M1；Another way is modulated optical signal, makes it through signal arm and is transmitted to faraday rotation mirror M2；
Two ways of optical signals through faraday rotation mirror M1 and M2 reflected light coupler and interferes output single sideband frequency modulation carrier signal respectively
C3；
The PZT is embedded in the signal arm of Michelson's interferometer, for folded to modulated optical signal on signal arm
Add disturbing signal；
The photodetector is used to for single sideband frequency modulation carrier signal C3 being converted into electric signal I and is input to data acquisition
Card；
The data sampling card is used to be sampled to obtain to electric signal I corresponding digital signal D, and then utilizes internal collection
At digital signal processing unit carry out 12 quadrature demodulations, obtain the disturbing signal.
Further, the laser uses narrow linewidth DFB (Distributed Feedback Laser) light source, described
Modulator uses MZ Mach-Zehnder.
Further, the FM source uses Agilent simulation signal generator, has been internally integrated FM module, modulation frequency is set
It is set to f, frequency modulation index (FM index) is set as β.
Further, the optical filter carries out linear filter using bandpass filter, and the image intensifer uses EDFA
(erbium-doped fiber amplifier) compensates optical path loss.
Further, the Michelson's interferometer includes the light arm (i.e. signal arm and reference arm) of two-way Length discrepancy,
Arm length difference is related to modulation frequency f and frequency modulation index (FM index) β；The PZT is tightly wound around on piezoelectric ceramics cylindrical body by one section of optical fiber
As sensing body.
Further, the data sampling card uses 24 NI capture cards, has been internally integrated digital signal processing unit,
Sample rate is set as the 12 times i.e. 12f of modulation frequency f, to meet 12 quadrature demodulations.
Further, the digital signal processing unit includes odd module, even module, dividing module and arc tangent mould
The odd even orthogonality of block, data sampling Cali photodetector output electric signal I filters out corresponding hits by sampling
Strong point is matched respectively to be input in odd module and even module, and the output result of odd module and even module is removed into dividing module
Method operation, then the result that operation is obtained are input to ArcTan block, so that demodulation obtains the disturbing signal.
Further, the electric signal I of the photodetector output determines first sampled point P by simultaneously operating0's
Position, in each frequency modulation period 1/f, electric signal I is by 12 data point (P of sampling0,...,P11)；The electric signal I is expanded
Exhibition is DC terms A and even signal I1With odd signal I2Superposition, the idol signal I1With odd signal I2Maximum value and minimum value then
It is obtained by its internal time variable by the interval 1/12f value；In even signal I1In every time interval be the corresponding value phase of 1/2f
Together, in odd signal I2In every time interval be that the corresponding value of 1/2f is opposite；Even signal I1Peak-to-peak value then by electric signal I phase
Adding two groups of time intervals is the data point (P of 1/2f0, P6) and (P3, P9) acquire, make P0+P6And value and P3+P9Sum
Value subtracts each other the influence that can offset DC terms A in electric signal I；Odd signal I2Peak-to-peak value then by subtracting each other two groups to electric signal I
Time interval is the data point (P of 1/2f1, P7) and (P5, P11) acquire, make P7-P1Difference and P11-P5Difference phase
Add the influence that can offset DC terms A in electric signal I；Even signal I1Peak-to-peak value and odd signal I2Peak-to-peak value it is mutually orthogonal.
Apparatus of the present invention introduce microwave frequency modulation source, using the method for frequency sweep, avoid traditional internal modulation PGC method to straight
The high request for adjusting laser source, reduces relative intensity noise；And the present invention uses 12 quadrature demodulations, avoids electric mixing
Device using bringing additional electrical noise, measurement dynamic range it is big and can fully automated measurement, simplify demodulating algorithm, reduce into
This；Present system can effectively detect the sensor array of Arbitrary distribution simultaneously, keep the applicability of system stronger.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of disturbing signal demodulating equipment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is schematic diagram of the present invention in 12 data points of a frequency modulation periodic sampling.
Fig. 3 is the realization principle schematic diagram of 12 point sampling quadrature demodulations of the invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to more specifically describe the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment is to technical solution of the present invention
It is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the optical fiber interferometer sensor disturbing signal demodulating equipment the present invention is based on single sideband frequency modulation includes:
Laser 1, FM source 2, modulator 3, optical filter 4, image intensifer 5, optoisolator 6, Michelson's interferometer 7, PZT8, light
Electric explorer 9 and data collecting card 10；Wherein: laser 1 emits continuous narrow linewidth light, and FM source 2 emits a frequency-modulated wave extremely
Modulator 3 obtains light and carries FM signal C1, and direct current biasing controls the working condition of modulator 3, and optical filter 4 is used to carry light and adjust
Frequency signal C1 carries out bandpass filtering, and the optical sideband for filtering out one side obtains single sideband frequency modulation carrier signal C2, and image intensifer 5 is used for
Optical power amplification is carried out to single sideband frequency modulation carrier signal C2, and is inputted by optoisolator 6 into Michelson's interferometer 7, is stepped
Ke Erxun interferometer 7 is made of 2 × 2 photo-couplers, signal arm, reference arm, faraday rotation mirror, and PZT8 is embedded in Michelson
Optical signal arm in interferometer 7 interferes output single for generating disturbing signal, and through faraday rotation mirror reflected light coupler
Sideband fm carrier signal C3, photodetector 9 receive the single sideband frequency modulation carrier signal C3 after interfering by photo-coupler, and
Electric signal E1 is converted thereof into, data collecting card 10 is input to, data collecting card 10 is obtained for sampling to electric signal E1
Digital signal D1 carries out 12 quadrature demodulation operations of next step, the disturbing signal demodulated needed for obtaining.
The working principle of present embodiment is as follows:
Assuming that the frequency-modulated wave of FM source output is Φc(t):
Φc(t)=cos [ωct+βcos(ωFMt)]
Wherein: ωcFor the center angular frequency of unmodulated radiofrequency signal, β is frequency modulation index (FM index), ωFMFor frequency modulation(PFM) angular frequency.
Assuming that Mach increases the work of Dare modulator in orthogonal points, one is obtained by programmable bandpass filter and unilateral is taken a message
Number, and due to ignoring high order component under small signal modulation, by the signal arm (E of Michelson's interferometers) and reference arm (Er)
It respectively indicates are as follows:
Wherein: m is that Mach increases Dare modulators modulate coefficient, LsAnd LrThe respectively light wave transmissions of signal arm and reference arm
Than I0For laser source light intensity, ω0Emit angular frequency, J for laser sourcenIt is n rank Bessel function, p (t) is the outside on signal arm
Disturbing signal, propagation delay time of the τ between interferometer two-arm.
Then indicated from the interference signal I that Michelson's interferometer exports by the photoelectric current after PD are as follows:
Wherein: r is the responsiveness of PD, then signal I is abbreviated as:
I∝A+B cos[M sin(ωFMt+φ0)+p(t)]
Wherein, A and B is constant term and, φ related with light intensity0For start-phase offset, M is carrier signal modulation depth:
M=β ωFMτ
Interference signal I can be extended as DC terms A and odd function I1With even function I2Superposition:
I=A+Be (t) cos [p (t)]-Bo (t) sin [p (t)]=A+I1+I2
I1=Be (t) cos [p (t)] I2=-Bo (t) sin [p (t)]
Wherein, e (t) is an even function, and o (t) is an odd function:
E (t)=cos [M sin (ωFMt+φ0)]
O (t)=sin [M sin (ωFMt+φ0)]
Assuming that modulation depth M=π, we have found that function e (t) and o (t) passes through variable ωFMt+φ0Variation have it is unique
The maximum point and smallest point that feature, i.e. one of e (t) and o (t) are up to it are as variable ωFMt+φ0Respectively equal to 0, π/6,
When 3 π/6,5 π/6, π, 7 π/6,9 π/6 and 11 π/6.So if we acquire a number every π/6rad within 2 π rad periods
Strong point and data sampling is synchronized to one of peak value, we can be readily available the extreme value of e (t) He o (t) in this way
Point.
Fig. 2 illustrates I, I1、I2Waveform, and a frequency modulation period every π/6rad acquire a data point.From this I
It follows that I1(t)=I1(t+6), I2(t)=- I2(t+6), therefore signal I1Peak-to-peak value can be measured by letter
Number I is added two data point such as P every π rad6And P0It realizes, signal I2Peak-to-peak value can be measured by signal I every π
Rad subtracts each other two data point such as P7And P1Come the phase realized, and exported by adjusting radio frequency source FM signal, monitoring sampling
The peak value of interference signal far from signal I maximum point π/12rad when, it can realize the synchronization of data sampling.
Fig. 3 illustrates 12 point sampling quadrature demodulations, and under conditions of data acquisition, the present invention proposes a kind of every frequency modulation
The outer disturbing signal orthogonal demodulation method of 12 data points of periodic sampling, take 8 points therein by pairing handle to obtain it is as follows
Formula:
OS=(P7-P1)+(P11-P5)=4B sin [p (t)]
ES=(P0+P6)-(P3+P9)=4B cos [p (t)]
As can be seen that difference is to P7-P1And P11-P5The influence of DC terms A in interference signal I, and value are counteracted respectively to P0
+P6And P3+P9Subtract each other the influence for also counteracting DC terms A in interference signal I.
External disturbance signal can be demodulated by carrying out arctangent cp cp operation to two-way orthogonal signalling:
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is for that can understand and apply the invention convenient for those skilled in the art.
Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various modifications to examples detailed above, and general original described herein
It ought to use in other embodiments without having to go through creative labor.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, this field
Technical staff's announcement according to the present invention, for the improvement made of the present invention and modification all should protection scope of the present invention it
It is interior.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of optical fiber interferometer sensor disturbing signal demodulating equipment based on single sideband frequency modulation, it is characterised in that: including swashing
Light device, FM source, modulator, optical filter, image intensifer, optoisolator, Michelson's interferometer, PZT, photodetector with
And data sampling card；Wherein:
The laser is input to modulator for emitting continuous narrow linewidth optical signal；
The FM source is that the frequency-modulated wave that f frequency modulation index (FM index) is β is input to modulator for generating modulation frequency；
The modulator is used to obtaining light and carrying FM signal C1 the intensity modulated of frequency-modulated wave to narrow linewidth optical signal；
The optical filter, which is used to carry FM signal C1 to light, carries out band logical linear filter, and the optical sideband for filtering out one side obtains list
Sideband fm carrier signal C2；
The image intensifer is used to carry out single sideband frequency modulation carrier signal C2 optical power amplification, and amplified single sideband frequency modulation carries
Wave signal C2 is input in Michelson's interferometer by optoisolator；
The Michelson's interferometer includes photo-coupler, signal arm, reference arm and faraday rotation mirror M1 and M2, optical coupling
Device is for the optical signal for inputting Michelson's interferometer to be divided into two: being all the way reference optical signal, makes it through reference arm biography
Transport to faraday rotation mirror M1；Another way is modulated optical signal, makes it through signal arm and is transmitted to faraday rotation mirror M2；Two-way
Optical signal through faraday rotation mirror M1 and M2 reflected light coupler and interferes output single sideband frequency modulation carrier signal C3 respectively；
The PZT is embedded in the signal arm of Michelson's interferometer, for disturbing on signal arm to modulated optical signal superposition
Dynamic signal；
The photodetector is input to data collecting card for single sideband frequency modulation carrier signal C3 to be converted into electric signal I；
The data sampling card is used to be sampled to obtain to electric signal I corresponding digital signal D, and then using being internally integrated
Digital signal processing unit carries out 12 quadrature demodulations, obtains the disturbing signal.
2. optical fiber interferometer sensor disturbing signal demodulating equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the laser
Device uses narrow linewidth DFB light source, and the modulator uses MZ Mach-Zehnder.
3. optical fiber interferometer sensor disturbing signal demodulating equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the frequency modulation
Source uses Agilent simulation signal generator, has been internally integrated FM module, modulation frequency is set as f, and frequency modulation index (FM index) is set as β.
4. optical fiber interferometer sensor disturbing signal demodulating equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the light filter
Wave device carries out linear filter using bandpass filter, and the image intensifer compensates optical path loss using EDFA.
5. optical fiber interferometer sensor disturbing signal demodulating equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the mikey
Your inferior interferometer includes the light arm of two-way Length discrepancy, and arm length difference is related to modulation frequency f and frequency modulation index (FM index) β；The PZT is by one
Section optical fiber is tightly wound around on piezoelectric ceramics cylindrical body as sensing body.
6. optical fiber interferometer sensor disturbing signal demodulating equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the data
Sampling card uses 24 NI capture cards, has been internally integrated digital signal processing unit, sample rate is set as 12 times of modulation frequency f
That is 12f, to meet 12 quadrature demodulations.
7. optical fiber interferometer sensor disturbing signal demodulating equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the number
Signal processing unit includes odd module, even module, dividing module and ArcTan block, data sampling Cali photodetector
The odd even orthogonality of output electric signal I is filtered out corresponding sampled data points and matched respectively by sampling is input to odd module and idol
In module, the output result of odd module and even module carries out division arithmetic into dividing module, then the result that operation is obtained is defeated
Enter to ArcTan block, so that demodulation obtains the disturbing signal.
8. optical fiber interferometer sensor disturbing signal demodulating equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the photoelectricity
The electric signal I of detector output determines first sampled point P by simultaneously operating0Position, in each frequency modulation period 1/f
Interior, electric signal I is by 12 data point (P of sampling0,...,P11)；The electric signal I is extended to DC terms A and even signal I1With
Odd signal I2Superposition, the idol signal I1With odd signal I2Maximum value and minimum value then pass through its internal time variable by 1/
The interval 12f value obtains；In even signal I1In every time interval be 1/2f it is corresponding value it is identical, in odd signal I2In between per time
It is opposite to be divided into the corresponding value of 1/2f；Even signal I1Peak-to-peak value be then 1/2f's by being added two groups of time intervals to electric signal I
Data point (P0, P6) and (P3, P9) acquire, make P0+P6And value and P3+P9And value subtract each other and can offset in electric signal I
The influence of DC terms A；Odd signal I2Peak-to-peak value then by electric signal I subtract each other two groups of time intervals be 1/2f data point
(P1, P7) and (P5, P11) acquire, make P7-P1Difference and P11-P5Difference value can offset direct current in electric signal I
The influence of item A；Even signal I1Peak-to-peak value and odd signal I2Peak-to-peak value it is mutually orthogonal.
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| CN110132396A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-08-16 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | A kind of highly sensitive underwater sound wave detection device and method based on telescopic system |
| CN110365415A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2019-10-22 | 浙江大学 | A kind of fm demodulation device based on Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Array |
| CN113567955A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-10-29 | 厦门大学 | Water body detection laser radar based on single-cavity double-working-wavelength FPI |
| CN114252156A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-29 | 浙江大学 | Sampling demodulation circuit and method for double-beam optical fiber interferometer |
| CN114868343A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2022-08-05 | 思科技术公司 | Active relative intensity noise reduction using nested interferometers and transimpedance amplifiers |
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| CN103727968A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-16 | 宁波诺驰光电科技发展有限公司 | Distributed type optical fiber sensing device and method for simultaneously measuring temperature, strain and vibration |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110132396A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-08-16 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | A kind of highly sensitive underwater sound wave detection device and method based on telescopic system |
| CN110365415A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2019-10-22 | 浙江大学 | A kind of fm demodulation device based on Fiber Bragg Grating Sensor Array |
| CN110365415B (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2020-10-20 | 浙江大学 | Frequency modulation demodulation device based on fiber grating sensor array |
| CN114868343A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2022-08-05 | 思科技术公司 | Active relative intensity noise reduction using nested interferometers and transimpedance amplifiers |
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| CN113567955B (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2023-07-07 | 厦门大学 | Water body detection laser radar based on single-cavity double-working-wavelength FPI |
| CN114252156A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-29 | 浙江大学 | Sampling demodulation circuit and method for double-beam optical fiber interferometer |
| CN114252156B (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2024-01-02 | 浙江大学 | Sampling demodulation circuit of double-beam optical fiber interferometer and method thereof |
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