CN109449586B - Circular polarization annular microstrip antenna with bent stub ground plane - Google Patents
Circular polarization annular microstrip antenna with bent stub ground plane Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/28—Adaptation for use in or on aircraft, missiles, satellites, or balloons
- H01Q1/288—Satellite antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/0428—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/0464—Annular ring patch
Abstract
A circular polarization annular microstrip antenna with a bent stub ground plane belongs to the technical field of antennas. Four circular ring patches (2, 4, 7 and 9) which are of concentric circle structures and are separated by grooves are arranged on the surface of the copper-clad film of the rectangular dielectric substrate, and the left side and the right side of each circular ring patch are perpendicular to each other; 3 rectangular patches and 1 loading rectangular patch with the same size are sequentially arranged in the groove, and the circular patches (2, 4, 7 and 9) form an antenna radiation element; the circular ring patch (4) and the loading rectangular patch form a feed port; the surface of the copper-clad film is also provided with an annular bent stub line serving as an earth plate, the annular bent stub line and the annular patch are in concentric circle structures, and the left side and the right side of the annular bent stub line are mutually vertical; the base of the x-axis is aligned with the y-axis centerline of the loaded rectangular patch. The antenna of the invention is easy to realize the conversion of left-hand and right-hand circularly polarized radiation waves, has higher return loss and wider impedance bandwidth, and has broadband circular polarization characteristics.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, particularly relates to a circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna used in satellite navigation, and particularly relates to a circularly polarized annular microstrip antenna with a bent stub grounding surface.
Background
Circularly Polarized (CP) microstrip antennas (CPMA), which have the advantage of low profile in the fields of satellite navigation, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and mobile communications, have been the focus of research. In high-speed airborne communication, CPMA is the preferred choice for conformal design; circularly polarized microstrip antennas may provide greater versatility than linearly polarized antennas for use with satellite communication antennas. In addition, since the excitation of the dual-quadrature mode with a phase difference of 90 ° is difficult to realize circular polarization in a wide frequency range, the design of the broadband circular polarization microstrip antenna having a single feeding point and a low resonant frequency is very challenging.
The gps (global Positioning system) since the seventies of the last century, and later the russian glonass (global Navigation Satellite system), GALILEO in europe and beidou Navigation system in china, have consistently used circularly polarized electromagnetic waves to transmit signals. The circularly polarized antenna is also widely applied to the field of broadcast television, and plays an important role in reducing ghost images, resisting same frequency interference, adjacent frequency interference and the like. The circularly polarized electromagnetic wave can effectively reduce the influence of multipath reflection and inhibit the depolarization effect caused by weather such as rain, fog and the like. Therefore, the circularly polarized antenna can better ensure the smoothness of a communication link, and the circularly polarized antenna is required to be used as a transmitter and a receiver of the circularly polarized antenna in many modern communication systems.
Methods for realizing circular polarization work of the microstrip antenna can be roughly summarized into three types: single-point feed perturbation method, multi-point orthogonal feed method and multivariate method. But for single-point feeding, the antenna bandwidth is significantly poorer when the size is smaller.
Zhang Qianxieyue et al (Zhang Qiangguang, Lixing; an omnidirectional circularly polarized microstrip antenna, modern electronics, 2007(5): 101-. Wangyefeng et al (wangyefeng, guoyichun, xujianxingmin; design of novel miniaturized circular slot circularly polarized printed antenna, communication countermeasure, 2010(03):56-59) report a circular slot circularly polarized antenna, but its radiation field is not generated by the slot ring. The designed antenna directly generates a circularly polarized radiation field by utilizing a ring structure on a single-layer substrate, and has the advantages of convenience in realization and large tolerance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a circular polarization annular microstrip antenna with a bent stub grounding surface, which has the advantages of compact structure, moderate size, good circular polarization performance, and good central frequency point axial ratio, wherein the relative impedance bandwidth can reach 20%, the relative axial ratio bandwidth can reach 8.7%, and the central frequency point axial ratio is 1.2 dB. When the antenna is applied, the rectangular dielectric substrate of the antenna is placed in parallel to a horizontal plane.
Referring to fig. 1, a rectangular dielectric substrate 1 is a high-performance microwave dielectric substrate with a single-sided copper-clad layer, has a dielectric constant of 2.0-2.5, a length of 80-100 mm, a width of 40-60 mm, a thickness of 0.5-2 mm, and a copper-clad layer thickness of 0.02-0.05 mm.
Four circular patches are arranged on the surface of the copper-clad film of the rectangular dielectric substrate 1 and are respectively marked as a first circular patch 2, a second circular patch 4, a third circular patch 7 and a fourth circular patch 9; the four circular ring patches are of concentric circle structures and are separated from each other by a groove with a certain width; the outer ring radius of each circular patch is 28.8-30.8 mm, the inner ring radius is 20-22 mm, and the left side and the right side of each circular patch are perpendicular to each other; the width of the grooves between the first circular patch 2 and the second circular patch 4, between the first circular patch 2 and the fourth circular patch 9, and between the third circular patch 7 and the fourth circular patch 9 is the same and is 2.5-3.5 mm; a first rectangular patch 3, a second rectangular patch 8 and a third rectangular patch 10 which are the same in size are sequentially arranged in the three grooves, and two long sides of each rectangular patch are respectively connected with adjacent circular patches so that the circular patches are mutually communicated through the rectangular patches; the length of the rectangular patch is 2.3-3.3 mm, and the width of the rectangular patch is equal to the width of the groove; the first circular patch 2, the second circular patch 4, the third circular patch 7 and the fourth circular patch 9 form an antenna radiation element;
loading rectangular patches 6 are arranged in the grooves of the second circular patches 4 and the third circular patches 7, the width of each loading rectangular patch is 2.9-3.9 mm, and the length of each loading rectangular patch is 5.6-6.6 mm; the distance between one long edge in the X-axis direction and the second annular patch 4 is 4.5-5.5 mm, and the distance between the other long edge in the X-axis direction and the third annular patch 7 is 7.3-8.3 mm; loading the midpoint of the rectangular patch 6 in the X-axis direction at the average position of the inner and outer radiuses of the circular patch; the third annular patch 4 and the loaded rectangular patch 6 constitute a feed port.
An annular bending stub 5 is further arranged on the surface of the copper-clad film of the rectangular dielectric substrate 1 and serves as a grounding plate, the annular bending stub 5 is arranged on the outer side of a region surrounded by the four annular patches and is in a concentric circle structure with the four annular patches; the radius of the outer ring is 38-42 mm, the radius of the inner ring is 33.8-37.8 mm, the length of the outer arc is 9-11 mm, and the left side and the right side of the outer ring are perpendicular to each other; the bottom side in the X-axis direction thereof is aligned with the center line in the y-axis direction of the loaded rectangular patch 6.
The annular patch adopts a patch loading structure and uses the bent stub line for grounding feed, so that the working bandwidth of the antenna can be effectively expanded.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following outstanding advantages and remarkable effects: the structure is compact, the conversion of left-hand circularly polarized radiation waves and right-hand circularly polarized radiation waves is easy to realize, the return loss is high, the impedance bandwidth is wide, and the broadband circular polarization characteristic is also realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of a rectangular dielectric substrate according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph showing the frequency characteristics of the antenna impedance measured by the vector network analyzer. In fig. 2, the abscissa is frequency/GHz and the ordinate is reflection coefficient/dB.
Fig. 3 is a polarization diagram of the antenna measured in the SATIMO Starlab system in the vertical plane at 2.4GHz using polar coordinates and the vertical scale line in dB.
Fig. 4 is a polarization diagram of the antenna measured in the SATIMO Starlab system at 2.4GHz in the horizontal plane using polar coordinates and the vertical scale line in dB.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, the rectangular dielectric substrate 1 is a high-performance microwave dielectric substrate with a single copper-clad surface, the dielectric constant is 2.2, the length is 90mm, the width is 50mm, and the thickness is 1 mm. The thickness of the copper-clad film is 0.035 mm.
Four circular patches are arranged on the surface of the copper-clad film of the rectangular dielectric substrate 1 and are respectively marked as a first circular patch 2, a second circular patch 4, a third circular patch 7 and a fourth circular patch 9; the four circular ring patches are of concentric circle structures and are separated from each other by a groove with a certain width; the radius of the outer ring of each circular patch is 29.8mm, the radius of the inner ring is 21mm, and the left edge and the right edge of each circular patch are perpendicular to each other; the width of the grooves between the first circular patch 2 and the second circular patch 4, between the first circular patch 2 and the fourth circular patch 9, and between the third circular patch 7 and the fourth circular patch 9 is the same and 3 mm; a first rectangular patch 3, a second rectangular patch 8 and a third rectangular patch 10 which have the same size are arranged in the three grooves, and two long sides of each rectangular patch are respectively connected with adjacent circular patches so that the circular patches are mutually communicated through the rectangular patches; the length of the rectangular patch is 2.8mm, and the width of the rectangular patch is equal to the width of the groove; the first circular patch 2, the second circular patch 4, the third circular patch 7 and the fourth circular patch 9 form an antenna radiation element;
loading rectangular patches 6 are arranged in the grooves of the second circular patch 4 and the third circular patch 7, the width of each loading rectangular patch is 3.4mm, and the length of each loading rectangular patch is 6.1 mm; the distance between one long edge in the X-axis direction and the second annular patch 4 is 5.0mm, and the distance between the other long edge in the X-axis direction and the third annular patch 7 is 7.8 mm; loading the midpoint of the rectangular patch 6 in the X-axis direction at the average position of the inner and outer radiuses of the circular patch; the third annular patch 4 and the loaded rectangular patch 6 constitute a feed port.
An annular bending stub 5 is further arranged on the surface of the copper-clad film of the rectangular dielectric substrate 1, the annular bending stub 5 is arranged on the outer side of a region surrounded by the four annular patches, and the annular bending stub 5 and the four annular patches are of concentric circle structures; the radius of the outer ring is 40mm, the radius of the inner ring is 35.8mm, the outer arc length is 10mm, and the left side and the right side of the outer ring are mutually vertical; the bottom side in the X-axis direction thereof is aligned with the center line in the y-axis direction of the loaded rectangular patch 6.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the impedance frequency characteristic of the antenna, and the impedance bandwidth of the antenna-10 dB is in the range of 2.2 to 2.68GHz (20% relative bandwidth), as shown in FIG. 2.
Fig. 3 is a polarization pattern of the antenna in the vertical plane at 2.4GHz, and as shown in fig. 3, the antenna is right-hand circularly polarized, curve a is the gain of right-hand circularly polarized at 2.4GHz, and curve b is the gain of 2.4GHz circular left-hand polarized.
Fig. 4 shows the polarization pattern of the antenna in the horizontal plane at 2.4GHz, and as shown in fig. 4, the antenna has right-hand circular polarization, curve a shows the gain of 2.4GHz right-hand circular polarization, and curve b shows the gain of 2.4GHz left-hand circular polarization.
Claims (2)
1. A circular polarization annular microstrip antenna with a bent stub ground plane is characterized in that:
four circular patches are arranged on the surface of the copper-clad film of the rectangular medium substrate (1) and are respectively marked as a first circular patch (2), a second circular patch (4), a third circular patch (7) and a fourth circular patch (9); the four circular patches are of concentric circle structures and are separated from each other by a groove, and the left side and the right side of each circular patch, which are close to the groove, are mutually vertical; the width of the groove between the first circular patch (2) and the second circular patch (4), between the first circular patch (2) and the fourth circular patch (9), and between the third circular patch (7) and the fourth circular patch (9) is the same; a first rectangular patch (3), a second rectangular patch (8) and a third rectangular patch (10) which are the same in size are sequentially arranged in the three grooves, and two long edges of each rectangular patch are respectively connected with adjacent circular patches so that the circular patches are mutually communicated through the rectangular patches; the width of the rectangular patch is equal to that of the groove; the first circular patch (2), the second circular patch (4), the third circular patch (7) and the fourth circular patch (9) form an antenna radiation element;
loading rectangular patches (6) are arranged in the grooves of the second circular patch (4) and the third circular patch (7), and the midpoint of the loading rectangular patches in the X-axis direction is at the average value position of the inner radius and the outer radius of the circular patches; the third annular patch (4) and the loading rectangular patch (6) form a feed port;
the surface of a copper-clad film of the rectangular dielectric substrate (1) is provided with an annular bending stub (5) as an earth plate, the annular bending stub (5) is arranged on the outer side of an area surrounded by the four annular patches and is in a concentric circle structure with the four annular patches, the left and right sides of the annular bending stub are perpendicular to each other, and the bottom side parallel to the X axis is aligned with the middle line of the loading rectangular patch (6) perpendicular to the y axis.
2. The circularly polarized annular microstrip antenna having a curved stub ground plane of claim 1 wherein: the dielectric constant of the rectangular dielectric substrate (1) is 2.0-2.5, the length of the rectangular dielectric substrate is 80-100 mm, the width of the rectangular dielectric substrate is 40-60 mm, the thickness of the rectangular dielectric substrate is 0.5-2 mm, and the thickness of the copper-clad film is 0.02-0.05 mm; the outer ring radius of the circular ring patches is 28.8-30.8 mm, the inner ring radius is 20-22 mm, and the width of a groove between the circular ring patches is 2.5-3.5 mm; the length of the rectangular patch is 2.3-3.3 mm, and the width of the rectangular patch is equal to the width of the groove; the width of the loading rectangular patch (6) is 2.9-3.9 mm, and the length is 5.6-6.6 mm; the distance between one long edge in the X-axis direction and the second annular patch (4) is 4.5-5.5 mm, and the distance between the other long edge in the X-axis direction and the third annular patch (7) is 7.3-8.3 mm; the outer ring radius of the annular bending stub (5) is 38-42 mm, the inner ring radius is 33.8-37.8 mm, and the outer arc length is 9-11 mm.
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| CN201811328915.XA CN109449586B (en) | 2018-11-09 | 2018-11-09 | Circular polarization annular microstrip antenna with bent stub ground plane |
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| CN201811328915.XA CN109449586B (en) | 2018-11-09 | 2018-11-09 | Circular polarization annular microstrip antenna with bent stub ground plane |
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| CN109449586B true CN109449586B (en) | 2020-05-01 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1445831B1 (en) * | 2001-11-16 | 2007-08-08 | Nippon Antena Kabushiki Kaisha | Composite antenna |
| CN106785408A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-05-31 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Broadband low section omnidirectional circular-polarized antenna |
| CN207368238U (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-05-15 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of high-gain millimeter wave circular polarised array antenna |
| CN207611866U (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-07-13 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of single feedback broadband low section circular polarization microstrip antenna |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7006043B1 (en) * | 2004-01-16 | 2006-02-28 | The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Wideband circularly polarized single layer compact microstrip antenna |
| TWI239119B (en) * | 2004-07-15 | 2005-09-01 | Dau-Chyrh Chang | Wide axial ratio bandwidth left-hand circular polarization stack-type microstrip antenna |
| US7532164B1 (en) * | 2007-05-16 | 2009-05-12 | Motorola, Inc. | Circular polarized antenna |
| CN104659474A (en) * | 2015-01-07 | 2015-05-27 | 西北工业大学 | Notched jade ring type circular polarized antenna |
| CN108232432A (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-06-29 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of single feedback broadband low section circular polarization microstrip antenna |
| CN108448244B (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2024-03-19 | 南京航空航天大学 | Compact omni-directional circular polarization reconfigurable antenna working at BDS-1S |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1445831B1 (en) * | 2001-11-16 | 2007-08-08 | Nippon Antena Kabushiki Kaisha | Composite antenna |
| CN106785408A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-05-31 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Broadband low section omnidirectional circular-polarized antenna |
| CN207368238U (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-05-15 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of high-gain millimeter wave circular polarised array antenna |
| CN207611866U (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2018-07-13 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of single feedback broadband low section circular polarization microstrip antenna |
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