CN109448855A - A kind of diabetes glucose prediction technique based on CNN and Model Fusion - Google Patents

A kind of diabetes glucose prediction technique based on CNN and Model Fusion Download PDF

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CN109448855A
CN109448855A CN201811079861.8A CN201811079861A CN109448855A CN 109448855 A CN109448855 A CN 109448855A CN 201811079861 A CN201811079861 A CN 201811079861A CN 109448855 A CN109448855 A CN 109448855A
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车超
赵撼宇
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Dalian University
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Abstract

The diabetes glucose prediction technique based on CNN and Model Fusion that the present invention relates to a kind of.The following steps are included: being pre-processed first to data, the binaryzation and data conversion of processing, quantitative characteristic including vacancy value.Secondly, carrying out feature extraction to pretreated data using CNN.Model Fusion finally is carried out to xgboost, catboost and linearRegression using Stacking strategy, higher catboost, xgboost model of nicety of grading is used in first layer, second layer model uses the preferable linearRegression of robustness, the unification of precision of prediction and model robustness is realized, there is stronger generalization ability.The effective solution of the present invention forecasting problem of diabetes glucose, compared to traditional blood glucose prediction method has significant raising.

Description

A kind of diabetes glucose prediction technique based on CNN and Model Fusion
Technical field
The present invention relates to machine learning fields, and in particular to carries out spy to structural data with convolutional neural networks (CNN) Sign is extracted and is predicted using Model Fusion technology blood glucose.
Background technique
In recent years, the illness rate of diabetes is worldwide in rising trend, it has also become at present after tumour and heart and brain blood Third position threatens the great non-communicable diseases of human health after pipe disease.Diabetes can not eradicate at present, can only pass through section Learning effective prevention reduces disease incidence.Due to blood sugar concentration often with other physical examination indexs of people there are in certain contact, Therefore, the illness of blood sugar concentration prediction model accurate evaluation people is established according to other physical examination indexs using machine learning techniques Risk, and then high-risk individuals are intervened, help to realize effective prevention of disease.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) and Model Fusion Diabetes glucose prediction technique, this method are to predict the blood sugar concentration of patient by indices in analysis physical examination data, assess The risk of people, and then early warning is carried out to high-risk individuals, help to realize the prevention of diabetes.Specific step includes:
S1: pre-processing data, the binaryzation and data conversion of processing, quantitative characteristic including vacancy value;
S2: feature extraction is carried out to pretreated data using CNN;
S3: Model Fusion is carried out to xgboost, catboost and linearRegression using Stacking strategy.
Further, data prediction described in S1 specifically includes: (1) processing of vacancy value: a large amount of for there are data The attribute of deficient phenomena does not consider these attributes present invention hair;For adopting there are the attribute of low volume data deficient phenomena Averaging method is taken to carry out completion processing to the data of missing;(2) One Hot quantitative characteristic binaryzation: is carried out to nonumeric type data Coding, is converted to numeric type data for categorical data;(3) data conversion: to treated, data do log1P transformation.
Further, it carries out feature extraction to pretreated data using CNN described in S2 to specifically include: the CNN It altogether include 6 layers: 2 convolutional layers, 2 pond layers and a full articulamentum, in which: (1) first convolutional layer is by 64 convolution kernels It constitutes, convolution kernel size is 1*5;Second convolutional layer is made of 32 convolution kernels, and convolution kernel size is 1*3;(2) 2 ponds For layer respectively behind first and second convolutional layer, window size is 2, is carried out for realizing to time domain 1D signal Maximum value pond;(3) the last layer is full articulamentum, and the output of 26 Batch-Normalized will be used as new feature in this layer Building for eigenmatrix.
In an iterative process, use mean square deviation as loss function, using Adam optimizer to influence model training and mould The network parameter of type output is updated.
Further, utilize Stacking strategy to xgboost, catboost and linearRegression described in S3 Model Fusion is carried out to specifically include;Catboost, xgboost are chosen as 1 layer of regression model, selection Training set is first divided into 5 parts in first layer model training by regression model of the linearRegression as the second layer, according to Secondary to be trained with 4 parts therein, 1 part is used to verify, and after 5 training, the prediction result of verifying collection is stitched together, is made For the feature of second layer training set, meanwhile, the prediction result of test set is averaged, as the feature of second layer test set, most Regression forecasting is carried out to the feature that first layer exports with linearRegression model in the second layer afterwards.
The present invention predicts the blood glucose of user, judges that user suffers from diabetes by the physical examination data of analysis user Risk clearly recognizes so that user itself be made to have oneself potential illness probability, and it is auxiliary to treatment offer to be also beneficial to doctor Foundation is helped, and then high-risk individuals are intervened, helps to realize effective prevention of diabetes.The Advantageous that the present invention obtains Effect is as follows: (1) will extract feature capabilities CNN outstanding in high dimensional data and apply in the feature extraction of blood glucose level data, keep away The shortcomings that having exempted from the manual intervention that traditional characteristic extracting mode workload is quite big and needs are more.(2) by xgboost, Tri- regression models of catboost, linearRegression are fused together prediction blood sugar concentration.Respectively using different models Different advantages predicts that fused model preferably to blood glucose.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is based on Stacking Policy model fusion structure figure.
Fig. 2 CNN extracts feature extracting method structure chart.
Specific embodiment
In order to more specifically describe the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specifically embodiment to technology of the invention Scheme is described in detail.
Implementation of the invention, using jupyter notebook as development platform, using python as development language.The number used 6642 patient's physical examination data are shared according to from Tianchi data platform, every data there are 40 physical examination indexs.Result is commented Valence uses evaluation index of the mean square deviation (MSE) as prediction effect.
The present invention is based on the diabetes glucose prediction technique of CNN and Model Fusion, specific step is as follows:
Pretreatment of the S1 to data:
(1) processing of vacancy value:
1) for there are indexs such as hepatitis B e antibody, hepatitis B virus e antigen of a large amount of deficient phenomenas of data etc., due to the number of missing According to excessive (more than 50%) is measured, completion can not be carried out by effective algorithm and therefore these indexs are directly carried out at deletion Reason.
2) for there are the index of low volume data deficient phenomena, the present invention such as globulin, albumin take average with calculating Several methods carries out completion processing to the data of missing.
(2) quantitative characteristic binaryzation: the present invention has carried out One_Hot coding to nonumeric type data, such as gender, will be non- Numeric data is converted to numeric type data, in order to the analysis application of next step data.
(3) data conversion: the present invention does log1P transformation to treated data, makes it possible to preferably be returned Return prediction.
S2 carries out feature extraction to pretreated data using CNN:
As shown in Fig. 2, the convolutional neural networks that the present invention uses include 6 layers: 2 convolutional layers altogether, 2 pond layers and one Full articulamentum.Wherein:
(1) first convolutional layer is made of 64 convolution kernels, and convolution kernel size is 1*5;Second convolutional layer is rolled up by 32 Product core is constituted, and convolution kernel size is 1*3.
For (2) two pond layers respectively behind first and second convolutional layer, window size is 2, is used for It realizes and maximum value pond is carried out to time domain 1D signal.
(3) the last layer is full articulamentum, and the output of 26 Batch-Normalized will be used as new feature in this layer In the building of eigenmatrix.
In an iterative process, use mean square deviation (MSE) as loss function, using Adam optimizer to influence model training It is updated with the network parameter of model output.
According to the above, the present invention extracts feature to utilization CNN and traditional utilization mutual information, singular value decomposition are extracted Feature compares.Test result is as shown in table 1, finds these three moulds of catboost, xgboost and linearRegression Type is that prediction effect is best in the feature extracted using CNN.Reason, which is CNN model not only, has stronger extensive energy Power, and it is good at the excavation of data local feature and the extraction of global training characteristics, it is more advantageous to the prediction of blood sugar concentration.
Table 1 uses the forecast of regression model performance of different characteristic extracting method
S3 carries out Model Fusion to xgboost, catboost and linearRegression using Stacking strategy:
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention when carrying out Model Fusion using Stacking strategy, chooses catboost, xgboost As 1 layer of regression model, regression model of the linearRegression as the second layer is selected.In first layer model training When, training set is first divided into 5 parts by the present invention, is successively trained with 4 parts therein, and 1 part is used to verify.After 5 training, The prediction result of verifying collection is stitched together, the feature as second layer training set.At the same time, to the prediction result of test set It is averaged, the feature as second layer test set.It is finally defeated to first layer with linearRegression model in the second layer Feature out carries out regression forecasting.
According to the above, the present invention uses the Model Fusion based on Stacking strategy, the mean square error of prediction result It is 0.7885.The reason is that, the Model Fusion method based on Stacking strategy is higher using nicety of grading in first layer Catboost, xgboost model, the second layer model use the preferable linearRegression of robustness, realize prediction The unification of precision and model robustness has stronger generalization ability.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, Anyone skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of diabetes glucose prediction technique based on CNN and Model Fusion, which is characterized in that this method includes following step It is rapid:
S1: pre-processing data, the binaryzation and data conversion of processing, quantitative characteristic including vacancy value;
S2: feature extraction is carried out to pretreated data using CNN;
S3: Model Fusion is carried out to xgboost, catboost and linearRegression using Stacking strategy.
2. a kind of diabetes glucose prediction technique based on CNN and Model Fusion as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that Data prediction described in S1 specifically includes:
(1) processing of vacancy value: for there are the attributes of a large amount of deficient phenomenas of data, these attributes are not considered;For There are the attributes of low volume data deficient phenomena, and averaging method is taken to carry out completion processing to the data of missing;
(2) quantitative characteristic binaryzation: One Hot coding is carried out to nonumeric type data, categorical data is converted into numeric type Data;
(3) data conversion: to treated, data do log1P transformation.
3. a kind of diabetes glucose prediction technique based on CNN and Model Fusion as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that Feature extraction is carried out to pretreated data using CNN described in S2 to specifically include:
The CNN includes 6 layers: 2 convolutional layers, 2 pond layers and a full articulamentum altogether, in which:
(1) first convolutional layer is made of 64 convolution kernels, and convolution kernel size is 1*5;Second convolutional layer is by 32 convolution kernels It constitutes, convolution kernel size is 1*3;
(2) 2 pond layers are respectively behind first and second convolutional layer, and window size is 2, for realizing right Time domain 1D signal carries out maximum value pond;
(3) the last layer is full articulamentum, and the output of 26 Batch-Normalized will be used for spy as new feature in this layer Levy the building of matrix;
In an iterative process, use mean square deviation as loss function, it is defeated to influence model training and model using Adam optimizer Network parameter out is updated.
4. a kind of diabetes glucose prediction technique based on CNN and Model Fusion as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that It is specific to xgboost, catboost and linearRegression progress Model Fusion using Stacking strategy described in S3 Including;
Catboost, xgboost are chosen as 1 layer of regression model, selects linearRegression returning as the second layer Return model, in first layer model training, training set is first divided into 5 parts, is successively trained with 4 parts therein, 1 part is used to test The prediction result of verifying collection is stitched together by card after 5 training, as the feature of second layer training set, meanwhile, to survey The prediction result of examination collection is averaged, and as the feature of second layer test set, finally uses linearRegression in the second layer Model carries out regression forecasting to the feature that first layer exports.
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CN112185555A (en) * 2020-09-10 2021-01-05 北京工业大学 Gestational diabetes prediction method based on stacking algorithm
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CN110197706A (en) * 2019-04-26 2019-09-03 深圳市宁远科技股份有限公司 A kind of stratification feature selection approach, system and application based on SBS
CN110197706B (en) * 2019-04-26 2021-08-27 深圳市宁远科技股份有限公司 Hierarchical feature selection method, system and application based on SBS
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CN110246577B (en) * 2019-05-31 2021-04-30 深圳江行联加智能科技有限公司 Method for assisting gestational diabetes genetic risk prediction based on artificial intelligence
CN110246577A (en) * 2019-05-31 2019-09-17 深圳江行联加智能科技有限公司 A method of based on artificial intelligence auxiliary gestational diabetes genetic risk prediction
CN110289097A (en) * 2019-07-02 2019-09-27 重庆大学 A kind of Pattern Recognition Diagnosis system stacking model based on Xgboost neural network
CN111145912A (en) * 2019-12-23 2020-05-12 浙江大学 Machine learning-based prediction device for personalized ovulation promotion scheme
CN111145912B (en) * 2019-12-23 2023-04-18 浙江大学 Machine learning-based prediction device for personalized ovulation promotion scheme
CN111755122A (en) * 2020-05-21 2020-10-09 甘肃卫生职业学院 Diabetes blood sugar prediction system and method based on CNN and model fusion
CN111749675A (en) * 2020-05-25 2020-10-09 中国地质大学(武汉) Stratum drillability prediction method and system based on cascade model algorithm
CN112035582A (en) * 2020-08-28 2020-12-04 光大科技有限公司 Structured data classification method and device, storage medium and electronic device
CN112185555A (en) * 2020-09-10 2021-01-05 北京工业大学 Gestational diabetes prediction method based on stacking algorithm
CN113205111A (en) * 2021-04-07 2021-08-03 零氪智慧医疗科技(天津)有限公司 Identification method and device suitable for liver tumor and electronic equipment

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