CN109447407A - A kind of Construct question guiding-Distributed Learning control system and method - Google Patents
A kind of Construct question guiding-Distributed Learning control system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the computer systems technology fields based on specific calculation model, disclose a kind of Construct question guiding-Distributed Learning control system and method, comprising: preliminary analysis module, target determination module, content analysis module, problem situation setting module, problem identification module, information search module, knowledge token module, Resolving probiems module, evaluation module.The present invention is learnt using problem guiding-Distributed Learning system, be conducive to students " the conditioning situation of knowledge ", preferably to obtain conditioning knowledge, and student is promoted to be cooperated by tool and extensively to identify the promotion of problem, ability of analyzing problems and solving them.The present invention facilitates the optimization design of real system, plays the best-of-breed functionality of system, provides foundation to problem guiding-Distributed Learning systemic software development.The present invention gives the models of " problem guiding-distribution " learning system, disclose its each functional module in order to system design and software development.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to based on specific calculation model computer systems technology field more particularly to a kind of Construct question lead
To-Distributed Learning control system and method.
Background technique
Currently, the prior art commonly used in the trade is such that Distributed Learning system is widely used in teaching field, it is
Network-based virtual environment.In this environment, multiple users positioned at different physical environment positions or multiple virtual environments
It is connected by network or multiple users while participates in a reality environment, is passed through computer and other users and carry out
Interaction, and shared information.In system, multiple users can be observed and be operated to same virtual world by network, to reach
The purpose of collaborative work.Briefly refer to the software systems for supporting more people to interact in real time by network, Mei Geyong
Family is interacted, and shared information in a reality environment by computer and other users.Distributed Learning system
It is mainly reflected in the storage of knowledge distributing formula, calculates distributed progress, management distributed implementation.When learner logs in Distributed Learning
When system, the knowledge of magnanimity may browse through, but can usually lack effective ability judged and select to knowledge, learner's
Study only resides within the level known, remembered.Meanwhile information overload has also caused a series of symptoms, such as dispersion attention,
Motivation forfeiture, too sensitive and irritability etc..Obviously, culture learner effectively judges and selects the ability of knowledge very urgent.
Current Distributed Learning system ignores the training to student's this respect, has deprived student and specified context is identified and divided
The chance of analysis, so that student be made to lack in face of making accurate judgement when task situation and effectively with the ability of knowledge.Knowledge
The situation train of thought that conditioning situation, that is, knowledge is generated and used.Situation is the condition of the condition that knowledge generates and knowledge use.
To expertise research shows that: expertise includes illustrating to the situation train of thought of knowledge use, and therefore, expert faces
When particular problem, relevant subset knowledge can be extracted in slave knowledge base without lifting an eyebrow and go to solve the problems, such as, i.e., expertise is " item
Part ", reflect the conditioning situation that knowledge is generated and used.The knowledge of unconditional, which refers to, is facing particular problem situation
When be difficult to the 'inertia' knowledge being activated, although association, the owner of knowledge is not aware that these knowledge used for they
Condition and range.For example, the knowledge in Distributed Learning system is all the knowledge of non-conditioning, knowledge generates related to what is used
Situation is presented after student has learnt a certain knowledge, and student does not need judgement and selection is known that and solves the problems in operation
Which knowledge needed --- student only needs can with concept, the rule just remembered.Student has learned on surface
How using the knowledge just learned, but in fact, since this study makes student not identify and grasp the item that knowledge generates
Part situation, thus be also impossible to identify the scene of a certain knowledge use, that is, it faces effectively extract when task situation
Corresponding knowledge solves the problems, such as.So to the identification of situation prior to the study to knowledge, to the judgement of problem prior to problem
It solves.
In conclusion problem of the existing technology is:
(1) in Distributed Learning system, each knowledge module be it is isolated, lack the design of problem situation.When learner into
When entering distributed system study, since system lacks problem situation module, cause learner's aim of learning indefinite, study is positive
Property it is not high, give up halfway after easily obtaining a little in disorder knowledge；And then the knowledge obtained is not system.
(2) in Distributed Learning system, lack the pictute and characterization to problem situation, knowledge mould is directly presented in system
Block lacks problem identification, the modules such as knowledge token, makes the conditioning feelings that knowledge is not identified and judgeed before learner's learning knowledge
Border, thus obtain unconditional knowledge.
(3) student lacks in Distributed Learning system identifies and judges training module to conditional knowledge situation, because
And learner cannot effectively select relevant knowledge in face of each knowledge module when learning in Distributed Learning system, lack
The ability of accurate positionin and effectively selection information to things, student can not effectively extract corresponding knowledge and go to solve in situation
The problem of.
Solve the difficulty and meaning of above-mentioned technical problem:
Difficulty: corresponding problem feelings are designed on the basis of analyzing student's cognitive characteristics according to the cognitive characteristics of student
Virtual problem situation is implanted into Distributed Learning system, places oneself in the midst of learner virtual by border using Virtual Simulation
Problem situation, and then aggressive problem analysis is carried out, learn relevant knowledge, is solved the problems, such as with knowledge.This is solution
Where this insufficient crux of certainly current Distributed Learning systematic absence problem situation, it is directed to programming, three dimensional field
The knowledge contents such as scape modeling, difficult point are to model the ghosting problem situation for being suitble to all kinds of subjects.
Meaning: learner carries out aggressive Accepting study in problem situation, can get conditioning knowledge, mentions
High learner utilizes all kinds of tool problem-solving abilities.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention sufficiently uses Virtual Simulation, and three-dimensional scenic modeling technique is
Distributed Learning system devises ghosting problem situation, provide a kind of Construct question guiding-Distributed Learning control system and
Method.
The invention is realized in this way a kind of Construct question guiding-Distributed Learning control system, the Construct question are led
Include: to-Distributed Learning control system
Preliminary analysis module, for evaluating the current Cognitive Style of student, Thinking Characteristics and know-how；
Target determination module, for target to be divided into six memorize, understanding, utilization, analysis, synthesis and evaluation levels；
Content analysis module for choosing the corresponding content of courses according to determining instructional objective, and provides the content of courses
Type, range, depth, disclose the connection between related content, tentatively show content and its logic with the form of problem
Relationship；
Problem situation setting module, for obtaining virtual emulation problem situation according to instructional objective and the content of courses；
Problem identification module, for identification range of problem, type；
Information search module obtains relevant information resources with information search tool；
Knowledge token module, the representation of knowledge for will be formed after information processing；
Resolving probiems module, is used to form strategy, the scheme of Resolving probiems, and carry out scheme go to solve the problems, such as it is corresponding；
Evaluation module, for searching for information, machining information, mutual with knowledge, discovery knowledge and student from student
Concerted effort degree evaluation.
The preliminary analysis module further comprises:
Learner analysis unit, it is diagnostic for being carried out to the current Cognitive Style of student, Thinking Characteristics and know-how
Evaluation；
Study need analytical unit, for determine student's current knowledge, ability level and by study after reach knowledge,
Gap between ability level determines instructional objective according to gap, and learning Content tissue is selected to impart knowledge to students；
Education resource analytical unit carries out this information in the school, outside school and on INTERNET for the study to student
Sort out, statistics, and the availability of the adaptability and learning tool to academic environment makes further investigation, understand and analyzes
Influence the various factors of student's study.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of using the Construct question guiding-Distributed Learning control system
Construct question guiding-Distributed Learning control method, the Construct question guiding-Distributed Learning control method include:
Step 1, the Cognitive Style current to student, Thinking Characteristics and know-how evaluation；
Target is divided into six memorize, understanding, utilization, analysis, synthesis and evaluation levels by step 2；
Step 3, determining instructional objective chooses the corresponding content of courses, and provides the type, range, depth of the content of courses
Degree, discloses the connection between related content, tentatively shows content and its logical relation with the form of problem；
Step 4 obtains virtual emulation problem situation according to instructional objective and the content of courses；
Step 5 identifies range, the type of problem；
Step 6, information search tool obtain relevant information resources；
Step 7, the representation of knowledge that will be formed after information processing；
Step 8, forms strategy, the scheme of Resolving probiems, and carry out scheme go to solve the problems, such as it is corresponding；
Step 9 is searched for information, machining information from student, is exerted with knowledge, discovery knowledge and the mutual collaboration of student
Power degree evaluation.
Construct question guiding-Distributed Learning the control method is realized another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of
Computer program.
Construct question guiding-Distributed Learning the control method is realized another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of
Information data processing terminal.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of computer readable storage mediums, including instruction, when it is in computer
When upper operation, so that computer executes the Construct question guiding-Distributed Learning control method.
In conclusion advantages of the present invention and good effect are as follows: problem guiding-Distributed Learning system is for information society
(student does not identify the conditioning situation of knowledge and has directly obtained 'inertia' knowledge, loses the drawbacks of learning system in meeting
Identification, judgement to problem situation, and then it is a series of to cause student that cannot effectively select information and information overload occur etc.
Problem) it is all the more obvious and proposition.The technologies such as problem guiding-Distributed Learning system combination virtual emulation, three-dimensional modeling, product are big
The learning interest and learning efficiency for improving learner, present invention discloses problem guiding-Distributed Learning meanings, and give
The functional mode of " problem guiding-distribution " learning system out, disclose its each functional module in order to system design and
Software development.As follows, problem guiding-Distributed Learning system has in terms of learner effectively study and has great advantage.
Table 1
| Function | Common learning system | Problem guiding-Distributed Learning system |
| Frontal chromatography | Nothing | Recognize the analysis such as level, habit and intention |
| Target analysis | Target is determined according to syllabus | Target is determined according to frontal chromatography |
| Content analysis | Content=target | Content=target-status |
| Ghosting problem situation | Nothing | Virtual emulation situation |
| Knowledge token | Blindness | Specific aim |
| Knowledge use | Passivity | Initiative |
| Learning process | Knowledge → problem | Problem → knowledge → problem |
| Knowledge characteristics | Inertia knowledge | Conditioning knowledge |
As seen from the above table, study of the learner in problem guiding-Distributed Learning system is aggressive, is to have needle
To property；The determination of learning objective is more reasonable；The knowledge that learner acquires is conditioning knowledge rather than inertia knowledge.
In order to prove that the study in problem guiding-Distributed Learning system is more efficient, the author uses VR technology, in conjunction with
Learning system simulates " Major of Tourism tourism guiding service " problem guiding-Distributed Learning system, applies to field research, by vertical
To, laterally experiment, shown in experimental result following (table 2).
Table 2
As seen from the above table, problem guiding-Distributed Learning system improve learner's enthusiasm, improve learning efficiency and at
In terms of achievement, significant effect.Problem guiding-Distributed Learning is to give and accept Students in Teaching to " the conditioning feelings of knowledge for knowledge
Border " identification missing and propose.Problem guiding-Distributed Learning system major function is by learner, study mesh
The problem of target is analyzed, and virtual emulation is devised situation, under the driving of problem, learner is positive using tool and extensive
Cooperation finally allows student to obtain " conditioning " knowledge to identify problem, problem analysis, solve the problems, such as, while by constantly evaluation
Carry out the allomeric function of sophisticated systems with modification.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is Construct question guiding-Distributed Learning system structure diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
In figure: 1. preliminary analysis modules；2. target determination module；3. content analysis module；4. problem situation setting module；
5. problem identification module；6. information search module；7. knowledge token module；8. Resolving probiems module；9. evaluation module.
Fig. 2 is Construct question guiding-Distributed Learning control method flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of Construct question guiding-Distributed Learning system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is at the hardware composition and data of Construct question guiding-Distributed Learning system provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Manage procedure chart.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Traditional knowledge teaching pattern of giving and accepting ignores identification of the student to " the conditioning situation of knowledge ", what student obtained
It is non-conditioning knowledge.And " problem guiding-distribution " mode of learning is used, be conducive to students " the conditioning feelings of knowledge
Border ", preferably to obtain conditioning knowledge, and promote student pass through tool and extensively cooperation come identify problem, problem analysis and
The promotion of ability to solve problem.Problem guiding-Distributed Learning system functional mode discloses its each function connected each other
Energy module, facilitates the optimization design of real system, plays the best-of-breed functionality of system, to problem guiding-Distributed Learning system
System software development provides foundation.
Application principle of the invention is explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, Construct question guiding-Distributed Learning control system provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes:
Preliminary analysis module 1, for evaluating the current Cognitive Style of student, Thinking Characteristics and know-how；
Target determination module 2, for target to be divided into six memorize, understanding, utilization, analysis, synthesis and evaluation levels；
Content analysis module 3 for choosing the corresponding content of courses according to determining instructional objective, and provides the content of courses
Type, range, depth, disclose the connection between related content, tentatively show content and its logic with the form of problem
Relationship；
Problem situation setting module 4, for obtaining virtual emulation problem situation according to instructional objective and the content of courses；
Problem identification module 5, for identification range of problem, type；
Information search module 6 obtains relevant information resources with information search tool；
Knowledge token module 7, the representation of knowledge for will be formed after information processing；
Resolving probiems module 8, is used to form strategy, the scheme of Resolving probiems, and carry out scheme go to solve the problems, such as it is corresponding；
Evaluation module 9, for searching for information, machining information, mutual with knowledge, discovery knowledge and student from student
Concerted effort degree evaluation.
Preliminary analysis module 1 further comprises: learner analysis unit, study need analytical unit, education resource analysis
Unit；
Learner analysis unit, it is diagnostic for being carried out to the current Cognitive Style of student, Thinking Characteristics and know-how
Evaluation；
Study need analytical unit, for determine student's current knowledge, ability level and by study after reach knowledge,
Gap between ability level determines instructional objective according to this gap, and learning Content tissue appropriate is selected to impart knowledge to students；
Education resource analytical unit carries out this information in the school, outside school and on INTERNET for the study to student
Sort out, statistics, and the availability etc. of the adaptability and learning tool to academic environment makes further investigation, understand and divides
Analysis influences the various factors of student's study.
As shown in Fig. 2, Construct question guiding-Distributed Learning control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes:
S201: Cognitive Style, Thinking Characteristics and the know-how evaluation current to student；
S202: target is divided into six memorize, understanding, utilization, analysis, synthesis and evaluation levels；
S203: determining instructional objective chooses the corresponding content of courses, and provides the type, range, depth of the content of courses,
The connection between related content is disclosed, tentatively shows content and its logical relation with the form of problem；
S204: according to instructional objective and the content of courses, virtual emulation problem situation is obtained；
S205: range, the type of problem are identified；
S206: information search tool obtains relevant information resources；
S207: the representation of knowledge that will be formed after information processing；
S208: forming strategy, the scheme of Resolving probiems, and carry out scheme go to solve the problems, such as it is corresponding；
S209: information, machining information are searched for, with knowledge, discovery knowledge and the mutual concerted effort of student from student
Degree evaluation.
The present invention establishes " role-activity-situation " abstract model explained problem guiding-Distributed Learning system,
Around this model, using the visual modeling of UML Unified Modeling Language problem of implementation guiding-Distributed Learning system.Using
Problem guiding-Distributed Learning system is learnt, and is conducive to students " the conditioning situation of knowledge ", preferably to obtain
Conditioning knowledge, and student is promoted to be cooperated by tool and extensively to identify mentioning for problem, ability of analyzing problems and solving them
It rises.On problem guiding-Distributed Learning system hardware, mainly it is made of client computer and server, client computer has VR
Glasses, by VR glasses, learner facilitates access for ghosting problem situation, in ghosting problem situation, completes problem identification, information
Search, knowledge token, finally solve the problems, such as.Firstly, system is liked according to the specialty background of learner, interest by preliminary analysis
Good, learning characteristic etc. determines learning objective and learning Content；Secondly according to learning Content, corresponding problem situation is presented in system,
Learner is in problem situation, aggressive to scan for information using distributed tool or resource by problematic drive, builds
The new knowledge that structure solves the problems, such as, and knowledge is characterized, it is solved the problems, such as on the basis of reaching common understanding with new knowledge；Finally by commenting
Valence further consolidates learning Content, sophisticated systems.Problem guiding-Distributed Learning system functional mode discloses it and mutually interconnects
Each functional module of system, facilitates the optimization design of real system, plays the best-of-breed functionality of system, to problem guiding-point
Cloth learning system software development provides foundation.
The construction method of Construct question guiding-Distributed Learning system provided in an embodiment of the present invention the following steps are included:
Preliminary analysis；It mainly include learner analysis, study needs to analyze and education resource analysis.Learner analysis is exactly
Cognitive Style, Thinking Characteristics and the know-how current to student carries out diagnostic evaluation, is teaching method and policy selection
Foundation, and teaching starting point；It is exactly to determine student's current knowledge, ability level and by reaching after study that study, which needs to analyze,
Gap between the knowledge that arrives, ability level, instructional objective is determined according to this gap, and select learning Content group appropriate
Knit teaching；Education resource analysis is the study for student, this information in the school, outside school and on INTERNET is sorted out,
Statistics, and the availability etc. of the adaptability and learning tool to academic environment makes further investigation, understands and analyze shadow
Ring the various factors of student's study.
Target determines；It is the teaching mesh that suitable social development requirement and individual mind feature are determined on the basis of preliminary analysis
Mark.Blume et al. the overall goals to be realized education activities are divided into cognition, emotion and the big field of motor skill three, and from
Realize that the final goal of every field is set out, it is determined that a series of sub-goals.Blume by the target of cognitive domain be divided into memorize,
Six understanding, utilization, analysis, synthesis and evaluation levels；The target in motor skill field is divided into perception, standard by Simpson et al.
Seven standby, to have guidance reaction, mechanical action, the overt response of complexity, adaptation, innovation levels；Peter Krass 5 et al. is formulated
The taxonomy of educational objectives of affective domain, they are divided into Pyatyi according to value internalization and degree, by the target of affective domain: receive or
Pay attention to, react, evaluating, organizing, being worth and the characterization of value system.Formulation, implementation of the above-mentioned target classification to instructional objective
Foundation is provided with refinement.
Content analysis；Be the corresponding content of courses is chosen according to determining instructional objective, and provide the content of courses type,
Range, depth disclose the connection between related content, tentatively show content and its logical relation with the form of problem.Add
Alunite is classified learning outcome, proposes five kinds of learning outcomes: verbal information, intellectual skill, cognitive strategy, motor skill
And attitude, and by intellectual skill from simple to complexity, discrimination, concept, rule, high level rules are divided into from rudimentary to advanced
Deng.Alunite is added to provide the foundation of content of courses selection and refinement to the classification of learning outcome.
Problem situation setting；It is virtual emulation problem situation to be designed according to instructional objective and the content of courses, and prepare to be used for
Problem identification, analysis and the tool of solution and relevant information resources include designed for problem identification, analysis and solution
Academic environment including learner, tool, smart machine, companion, teacher, parent, Remote etc..Frame problem is different from inspection
Test enquirement or the leading question of factual knowledge, but for confining unit research range, guidance student study in depth with
The problem of exploration.Classification according to the target classification method and Jia Nie of Blume to learning outcome, can design different level
Problem.Zhu Zhiting professor proposes " five what " thinking direction that problem designs from the angle of teaching innovation: " by what (who, when,
Where), be what (what), why (why), how (why), how (if ... then) ".
Problem identification；Refer to that learner enters in problem situation, student passes through sight with the help of teacher (virtual teacher)
It examines and thinks deeply and independently find the problem, identify range, type of problem etc., by the property using the detailed detection problem of tool, and
The view to problem is exchanged with other collaborationists's (teacher, companion, parent, Remote, intelligent expert etc.), in the class to problem
After type, property etc. form specific understanding, the information resources required to look up are determined, determine the old knowledge for needing to review and really
The new knowledge for needing to find calmly.For frame problem, it should using Group Cooperation form from different angles, level explains
It states, determines various information resources relevant with problem.
Information search；It is primarily referred to as obtaining relevant information resources with information search tool, student can be by observing, remembering
The mode of record obtains the data of correlate, can also obtain knowledge content by interview associated specialist, can also be from
Colourful text, picture, sound, video, animation etc. are obtained on INTERNET.It, can be with from the angle for supporting student to learn
Information resources (what is mainly investigated is soft resources) are divided into and obtains class, award and lead class, exchange class, cooperate class, probing into class and expression class
Six kinds.
Knowledge token；Refer to the knowledge that will be formed after information processing, with various knowledge token tools (such as concept map,
Viewpoint figure etc.) and method explicitly indicate that out, by mutual sharing, exchange, discussion, the common recognition of shape dual problem, just
Walk the strategy for establishing Resolving probiems, scheme.Knowledge token, which helps to form question attributes, clearly to be recognized, and exchange helps to know
The conversion and propagation of knowledge, make every student that can hold and recognize the various aspects of problem, facilitate student and effectively solve to ask
It inscribes and obtains knowledge, develop interpersonal communication and interaction capabilities.
Step S108, Resolving probiems；
Refer on the basis of exchanged extensively between group in group, forms strategy, the scheme of Resolving probiems, and the side of implementation
Case is gone to solve the problems, such as corresponding.Include the application to old knowledge in the scheme of Resolving probiems, also includes that student passes through information
The new knowledge of search and acquisition.Process of problem solving be student's null hypothesis process and working knowledge and discovery knowledge
Process, in this process or with problem solution, it is possible that new problem, these new problems can drive again
Life continues to probe into, and finds new knowledge.
Step S109, evaluation.
Evaluation of teacher and self judgment can be divided into, the purpose of evaluation not instead of locating students promote the development of student, allow
Student's more fully problem of perception, it is understood that the limitation of itself.According to the different phase that evaluation is implemented, evaluation can be divided into diagnosis
Property evaluation, forming evaluation and summarized evaluation.It is main whether effective according to problem in " problem guiding-distribution " study
It solves to evaluate the study of teaching and student, mainly searches for information, machining information, with knowledge, discovery knowledge and from student
Mutual concerted effort degree etc. is given birth to evaluate student.
In order to make up in school instruction to " the conditioning situation of knowledge " identification missing, an effective method be exactly
In learning system, allows student to face knowledge first and lead to the problem of situation, i.e. the conditioning situation of knowledge；Then student is in problem
Driving under, aggressive identification problem, problem analysis；Finally go to solve the problems, such as with corresponding knowledge.This be it is a kind of with
Problem is the study of guiding, this thought has also returned the true colours of study.Problem-based learning refers in any study ring
Learnt in border with problematic drive student, that is to say, that student proposes problem before studying new knowledge knowledge, and the proposition of problem so as to
Relevant knowledge is freely extracted after the conditioning situation that identification knowledge generates in student, and finds new knowledge required for solving the problems, such as
Know.Problem-based learning is a kind of aggressive study, it has a very important significance: firstly, any thinking activities are all
Problem is resulted from, study is exactly the process solved the problems, such as, and problem-based learning has returned the true colours of study；Secondly, problem
Guiding study can make the thinking activities of learner have specific purpose and directionality, learner can be made to exist positively
It is known with it is unknown, old know association is made between new knowledge, it is established that the structure of knowledge of oneself forms oneself independent cognition knot
Structure；Again, the problem-based learning culture subject consciousness of student, has developed student and finds the problem, identification problem, solves the problems, such as
Ability, so that student is have passed through training that problem situation identifies and judges to have ability --- the letter of effective selection information
The judgement of breath and selective power are particularly important in the information age.But when student faces the problems, how problem is effectively identified,
How effectively to be searched according to problem, selects, processes, handling and application message；When student faces the problems, how by including
Tool, smart machine, the cooperation learned in the maximum magnitudes such as companion, teacher, parent, Remote carry out effective solution problem.It is practical
On, the solution of problem be unable to do without " cooperation (people-object cooperation and people-people's cooperation) ": on the one hand, identification problem, problem analysis and
Solving the problems, such as the utilization for all be unableing to do without tool --- tool is the extension of human organ, and the utilization of tool not only alleviates the mankind's
Cognitive load improves the efficiency that the mankind solve the problems, such as, and tool can help the mankind accurately to diagnose question essence, collects
The important information that human sensory can not experience；On the other hand, identification problem, analyze problems and solve them all be unable to do without and its
The cooperation of his partner --- since individualized medicine and thought have limitation unavoidably, the accurate judgement of this one problem of inevitable requirement
And effectively solve must be set up the base of session, negotiation and the joint efforts between different field and different know-how teamworkers
On plinth.In order to realize reciprocally negotiating between cooperation element (including people and tool, smart machine) and depth in maximum magnitude
Exchange, it is desirable that in system between element must shared information, each element have different from other element information resources and
Specific function --- i.e. distribution storage education resource and division of labor processing learning tasks, this necessarily ensure that system passes through between element
Concerted effort and the allomeric function that has.So problem-based learning is " distribution "." distribution " word occurs earliest
In computer field, two big functions for describing computer network: distributed storage data and distributed data processing.Together
Reason, Distributed Learning mean to integrate the education resource for being distributed in different space-times by information technology and the communication technology,
It realizes resource-sharing and completes learning tasks by cooperating extensively, this is also beneficial to accurately identify problem, comprehensive problem analysis
With efficiently solve the problems, such as.Distributed cognition emphasizes that the cognition of people is not confined within brain, but in people and its environment structure
At whole system in complete, people will often exert by external Social Culture border arteries and veins, artifact and with other people cooperate with
Power completes various cognitive activities.Distributed Learning is the mode of learning of information age, it allows teacher, student and the content of courses
Be distributed in position that is different, going to center or general center, it allow student in virtual emulation problem situation by using tool and
Cooperation is extensively to identify problem, and on the basis of reaching common understanding to problem, effectively solves the problems, such as.Distributed learning emphasizes study
Interaction, exchange extensively, focus on the effect of learning community, emphasize the Social Constructivism of knowledge；Distributed Learning emphasizes that knowledge is
Learner in Social Culture situation abundant, by using tool and with other people negotiation active construction；Distribution is learned
Practise environment be both personal view function extension or expansion, even more light, converge and condensed group wisdom carry out problem guiding learn
The good platform practised.Study needs problematic drive, and solves the problems, such as the education resource for being exactly shared distribution storage and the division of labor and handle
The process of learning tasks is finally reached common understanding on the basis of extensive negotiate, is solved the problems, such as --- and problem guiding and distribution are all
It is the attribute of information age study, effective study of information age is " problem guiding-distribution " study.
In the above-described embodiments, can come wholly or partly by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof real
It is existing.When using entirely or partly realizing in the form of a computer program product, the computer program product include one or
Multiple computer instructions.When loading on computers or executing the computer program instructions, entirely or partly generate according to
Process described in the embodiment of the present invention or function.The computer can be general purpose computer, special purpose computer, computer network
Network or other programmable devices.The computer instruction may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, or from one
Computer readable storage medium is transmitted to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instruction can be from one
A web-site, computer, server or data center pass through wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
Or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave etc.) mode is carried out to another web-site, computer, server or data center
Transmission).The computer-readable storage medium can be any usable medium or include one that computer can access
The data storage devices such as a or multiple usable mediums integrated server, data center.The usable medium can be magnetic Jie
Matter, (for example, floppy disk, hard disk, tape), optical medium (for example, DVD) or semiconductor medium (such as solid state hard disk Solid
State Disk (SSD)) etc..
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Construct question guiding-Distributed Learning control system, which is characterized in that the Construct question guiding-distribution
Learning control system includes:
Preliminary analysis module, for evaluating the current Cognitive Style of student, Thinking Characteristics and know-how；
Target determination module, for target to be divided into six memorize, understanding, utilization, analysis, synthesis and evaluation levels；
Content analysis module for choosing the corresponding content of courses according to determining instructional objective, and provides the class of the content of courses
Type, range, depth disclose the connection between related content, tentatively show content and its logical relation with the form of problem；
Problem situation setting module, for obtaining virtual emulation problem situation according to instructional objective and the content of courses；
Problem identification module, for identification range of problem, type；
Information search module obtains relevant information resources with information search tool；
Knowledge token module, the representation of knowledge for will be formed after information processing；
Resolving probiems module, is used to form strategy, the scheme of Resolving probiems, and carry out scheme go to solve the problems, such as it is corresponding；
Evaluation module, for searching for information, machining information, with knowledge, discovery knowledge and the mutual collaboration of student from student
Level of effort evaluation.
2. Construct question guiding-Distributed Learning control system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the early period point
Analysis module further comprises:
Learner analysis unit, for carrying out diagnostic comment to the current Cognitive Style of student, Thinking Characteristics and know-how
Valence；
Study needs analytical unit, for determining student's current knowledge, ability level and knowledge, ability by reaching after study
Gap between level determines instructional objective according to gap, and learning Content tissue is selected to impart knowledge to students；
Education resource analytical unit returns this information in the school, outside school and on INTERNET for the study to student
Class, statistics, and the availability of the adaptability and learning tool to academic environment makes further investigation, understands and analyze shadow
Ring the various factors of student's study.
3. a kind of using the guiding of Construct question described in claim 1-Distributed Learning control system Construct question guiding-distribution
Formula learning control method, which is characterized in that the Construct question guiding-Distributed Learning control method includes:
Step 1, the Cognitive Style current to student, Thinking Characteristics and know-how evaluation；
Target is divided into six memorize, understanding, utilization, analysis, synthesis and evaluation levels by step 2；
Step 3, determining instructional objective chooses the corresponding content of courses, and provides the type, range, depth of the content of courses, takes off
Connection between related content is shown, tentatively shows content and its logical relation with the form of problem；
Step 4 obtains virtual emulation problem situation according to instructional objective and the content of courses；
Step 5 identifies range, the type of problem；
Step 6, information search tool obtain relevant information resources；
Step 7, the representation of knowledge that will be formed after information processing；
Step 8, forms strategy, the scheme of Resolving probiems, and carry out scheme go to solve the problems, such as it is corresponding；
Step 9 searches for information, machining information, with knowledge, discovery knowledge and the mutual concerted effort journey of student from student
Degree evaluation.
4. a kind of realize the guiding of Construct question described in claim 3-Distributed Learning control method computer program.
5. a kind of realize the guiding of Construct question described in claim 3-Distributed Learning control method information data processing terminal.
6. a kind of computer readable storage medium, including instruction, when run on a computer, so that computer is executed as weighed
Benefit require 3 described in Construct question guiding-Distributed Learning control method.
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