CN109447341B - Method for estimating reference value of aquatic organisms in target area - Google Patents
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- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 241001494246 Daphnia magna Species 0.000 description 4
- 231100000111 LD50 Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for estimating a reference value of aquatic organisms in a target area, which is used for estimating the reference value (ALC) of the aquatic organisms in the target area based on the difference ratio of toxic effects between species in the target area and species in a reference area. Different biological combinations of organisms having representative and sensitive target areas and reference areas are selected, a Biological Effect Ratio (BER) of the target areas and the reference areas is calculated, and then ALC of the target areas is estimated by using BER technology. The uncertainty of BER estimation prediction can be reduced to a certain extent by adopting various biological combination modes. The biological effect ratio method estimates the reference value of the aquatic organisms in the target area according to the reference value of the aquatic organisms in the reference area, fully utilizes the existing biological toxicity data, and solves the estimation and prediction problems of the reference value of the aquatic organisms in the target area when the toxicity data is deficient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological environment protection, and particularly relates to a method for estimating a reference value of aquatic organisms in a target area.
Background
In the aspect of aquatic organism reference value (ALC) derivation, domestic scholars generally carry out ecological toxicology tests of pollutants on local organisms or carry out biological toxicity data collection, and then derive aquatic organism reference values of the pollutants by adopting a corresponding method according to obtained acute and chronic toxicity data. In deriving the indigenous aquatic benchmarks, which face the lack of indigenous biotoxicity data, aquatic benchmarks for 58 pollutants have been proposed to date even in the united states where aquatic benchmarks have developed earlier. In China, since the basic research work of aquatic organisms starts late, various related researches are not complete, and the problem that the ecotoxicology data of native species are generally lack exists in China. Therefore, how to use the existing biological toxicity data when deriving the aquatic organism reference and estimate the aquatic organism reference of the target area when the toxicity data is deficient becomes an important problem to be solved urgently in the research of the aquatic organism reference.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of estimating the aquatic organism reference value of a target area when toxicity data is deficient in the prior art, and provides a method for estimating the aquatic organism reference value of the target area based on the difference ratio of toxicity effects between species in the target area and species in a reference area by fully utilizing the existing biological toxicity data.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for estimating a reference value of aquatic organisms in a target area, including:
identifying the classification composition of aquatic organisms in the water ecosystem of the target area and the reference area;
collecting target chemical aquatic toxicity data of the target area and the reference area when the biological classification compositions of the target area and the reference area are similar;
biologically categorizing representative species of aquatic ecosystems in the target and reference regions according to the collected toxicity data of the target and reference regions;
screening representative and sensitive data of the collected ecotoxicology data of the target chemical substances in the target area and the reference area;
calculating BER values of the target area and the reference area according to the data of the representativeness and the sensitivity;
and estimating an aquatic organism reference value ALC of the target area according to the BER value.
As a further improvement of the above method, the method further comprises: verifying the aquatic organism reference value ALC of the estimation target area;
developing ecotoxicology testingWhen the test results EC50/LC50When the value is larger than the estimation target area aquatic organism reference value ALC, the estimation target area aquatic organism reference value ALC is a feasible target area aquatic organism reference value ALC.
As a further improvement of the above method, when the test results EC50/LC50When the value is less than or equal to the aquatic organism reference value ALC of the estimation target area, the test result EC50/LC50The value is a feasible target area aquatic organism reference value ALC.
As a further improvement of the above method, the method further comprises:
when the biological classification compositions of the target area and the reference area are not similar, selecting a replacing area as the reference area; the replacement area and the target area are similar in latitude and climate zone;
performing a step of collecting target chemical aquatic toxicity data of the target area and the reference area; the reference region is the replacement region.
As a further improvement of the above method, biologically classifying representative species of aquatic ecosystems in the target and reference regions based on the collected toxicity data of the target and reference regions; the method comprises the following steps:
and classifying the representative species of the water ecosystem of the target area and the reference area according to the biological taxonomy distance according to species, genus, family, order, class, phylum and boundary.
As a further improvement of the above method, after the step of screening the collected ecotoxicology data of the target chemical substances of the target area and the reference area for representative and sensitive data, the method further comprises:
when the screened data lacks representativeness and sensitivity, at least one set of tests is supplemented.
As a further improvement of the above method, calculating BER values of the target area and the reference area based on the data of representativeness and sensitivity comprises:
BER values of the target area and the reference area are calculated according to equation 1.
Equation 1: BER ═ geomaen (target region represents species toxicity value/reference region represents species toxicity value).
As a further improvement of the above method, estimating a target area aquatic organism reference value ALC based on the BER value includes:
after the BER is obtained, estimating a target area ALC by adopting a formula 2;
equation 2: target area ALC is BER × reference area ALC.
The method for estimating the reference value of the aquatic organisms in the target area has the advantages that the biological effect ratio is adopted, the representative and sensitive organisms in the two areas are selected to carry out different biological combinations, the Biological Effect Ratio (BER) of the target area and the reference area is calculated, and then the ALC of the target area is estimated by adopting the BER technology. The uncertainty of BER estimation prediction can be reduced to a certain extent by adopting various biological combination modes. The biological effect ratio method is to estimate the reference value of the aquatic organisms in the target area according to the reference value of the aquatic organisms in the reference area, fully utilize the existing biological toxicity data or perform a small amount of biological toxicity tests, solve the problem of lack of toxicity data and estimate and predict the reference value of the aquatic organisms in the target area.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for estimating a baseline aquatic life in a target area according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for estimating a reference value of aquatic organisms in a target area, which is shown in fig. 1 and includes:
1) identifying the classification composition of aquatic organisms in the water ecosystem of the target area and the reference area;
2) collecting target chemical aquatic toxicity data of the target area and the reference area when the biological classification compositions of the target area and the reference area are similar;
3) biologically categorizing representative species of aquatic ecosystems in the target and reference regions according to the collected toxicity data of the target and reference regions;
4) screening representative and sensitive data of the collected ecotoxicology data of the target chemical substances in the target area and the reference area;
5) calculating BER values of the target area and the reference area according to the data of the representativeness and the sensitivity;
6) and estimating an aquatic organism reference value ALC of the target area according to the BER value.
In the embodiment, a biological effect ratio method is adopted, the existing biological toxicity data are fully utilized or a small amount of biological toxicity tests are carried out, the reference value of the aquatic organisms in the target area is estimated according to the reference value of the aquatic organisms in the reference area, the problem of lack of toxicity data is solved, and meanwhile the reference value of the aquatic organisms in the target area can be estimated and predicted.
Further, still include:
7) verifying the aquatic organism reference value ALC of the estimation target area;
carrying out ecotoxicology test, and obtaining the test result EC50/LC50When the value is larger than the estimated target area aquatic organism reference value ALC, the estimated target area aquatic organism reference value ALC is the correct target area aquatic organism reference value ALC.
When the test results EC50/LC50When the value is less than or equal to the aquatic organism reference value ALC of the estimation target area, the test result EC50/LC50The value is the correct target area aquatic organism reference value ALC.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1 and the specific embodiments:
(1) as shown in fig. 1, determination of classification composition of aquatic organisms in water ecosystem of target area and reference area;
firstly, identifying the composition of aquatic organisms in a target area and a reference area, and collecting the characteristics of target chemical substances and ecotoxicology data if the biological classification compositions of the two areas are similar; if the two regions are not similar in composition, a replacement region needs to be found. And selecting a reference area set, wherein the selection of the reference area is generally predicted by adopting water environment areas with similar latitudes and similar climatic zones.
The substitute region is a region that is similar to the biological classification composition of the target region and is to be newly found to replace the initially selected reference region when the initially selected reference region is not similar to the biological classification composition of the target region. Other selection criteria for the reference area are similar latitude and climate zone to the target area.
(2) Collecting target chemical substance characteristics and ecotoxicology data;
and secondly, collecting target chemical substance aquatic biological toxicity data of the reference region set and the target region, classifying the biological toxicity data of the reference region set, and selecting the reference region meeting the requirements of the biological toxicity data of the four seven families.
(3) Biological classification of representative species of aquatic ecosystem in the selected target and reference regions;
the representative species of the water ecosystem of the target region and the reference region are classified according to the biological classification method of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 according to the method of the biological classification distance (boundary is 7, gate is 6, class is 5, order is 4, family is 3, genus is 2, species is 1).
(4) Screening representatives of water ecosystem in a target area and a reference area of the collected ecotoxicology data of the target chemical substance;
performing secondary identification on the collected ecotoxicology data of the target chemical substances in the target area and the reference area, wherein the identification is to judge whether the selected data is representative and sensitive, and if the selected data is representative and sensitive, calculating BER values of the target area and the reference area according to the principle of one of different biological groups; if the screened data is less representative, a small number of tests (up to 4 genera) will need to be supplemented. The 4-tuple principle recommended is (without limitation, other tuples may be used when verifying that the tuple is viable): biological group 1: 4 species of the target region that are siblings with the reference region sensitivity ranks 1, 2, 3, 4/4 species of the reference region sensitivity ranks 1, 2, 3, 4; biological group 2: 4 species of daphnia magna, daphnia magna + daphnia fusca designated by the target area and the reference area; biological group 3: screening and classifying results and representative species of the regions by combining tested organisms of a target region and a reference region, and adopting 4 species of the same kind in the target region, namely daphnia magna in daphnia of daphniaceae, carp in cyprinid of cyprinid, crucian carp in crucian of cyprinid, chironomus larvas in chironomus of department/the reference region; biological group 4: screening and classifying results and region representative species of tested organisms in a target region and a reference region by adopting 4 species of daphnia magna (planktonic invertebrate), freshwater shrimp (benthic invertebrate), carp (vertebrate-cyprinid fish), loach (vertebrate-benthic loach fish) in the target region/the same kind of species in the reference region; .
(5) Calculating BER values of the target region and the reference region by adopting a biological combination mode with representativeness and sensitivity;
BER values of the target area and the reference area are calculated according to formula 1 for the selected representative and sensitive aquatic organisms that meet one of the recommended 4-type biotope principles.
Equation 1: BER GEOMEAN (target region represents species toxicity value/reference region represents species toxicity value)
(6) ALC of the target area × BER × ALC of the reference area;
after obtaining the target area representative species toxicity value/reference area representative species toxicity value BER, the target area ALC is estimated using equation 2.
Equation 2: target area ALC is BER × reference area ALC.
Wherein: the reference area ALC is divided into 2 cases, the first being published or publicly published ALC values, such as the ALC values published by the U.S. EPA; and secondly, toxicity data of a reference area is sufficient (the data volume is more than or equal to 3 toxicity data of 7 aquatic organisms), and an ALC value can be obtained by calculating the toxicity data by adopting the published technical guidelines established by the quality reference of fresh water aquatic organisms of HJ 831-2017 published in China.
(7) And (4) verification of the ALC value of the target area.
Selecting concerned aquatic organisms (important species of ecological system, sensitive organisms, characteristic local species and the like) in a target area, carrying out ecotoxicology test, and obtaining EC50/LC50The value is larger than the ALC value, which shows that the estimated ALC value of the target area can protect aquatic organisms in the target area; if EC is obtained50/LC50The value is less than ALC value, which shows that the estimated ALC value of the target area can not protect aquatic organisms in the target area, the estimated ALC value of the target area needs to be corrected, and the ALC value of the target area is equal to EC50/LC50。
Wherein: EC (EC)50When the test does not use death as an indicator of the response of the test organism to the toxic substance, but rather observes and measures a certain effect of the contaminant on the organism, such as loss of balance of fish, malformation and inhibited growth of algae, the toxicity of the toxic substance on the test organism is indicated by the usual effect concentration, namely ec (effective concentration). EC (EC)50I.e. half effectThe concentration is the concentration at which 50% of the test animals are caused to produce a specific response or at which a response index is half inhibited, and is generally in mg/L.
LC50: (Lethal Concentration 50, Lethal Concentration/semilethal Concentration) means the Concentration of contaminant that causes 50% of the test organisms to die, typically in mg/L.
(8) The above estimated protected ALC values are used as the ALC of the target area.
The invention relates to a method for estimating a target area aquatic organism reference value (ALC) based on the toxic effect difference ratio between target area and reference area species. Selecting the living beings with representative and sensitive areas to carry out different biological combinations, calculating the Biological Effect Ratio (BER) of the target area and the reference area, and then estimating the ALC of the target area by adopting BER technology. The uncertainty of BER estimation prediction can be reduced to a certain extent by adopting various biological combination modes. The biological effect ratio method estimates the reference value of the aquatic organisms in the target area according to the reference value of the aquatic organisms in the reference area, fully utilizes the existing biological toxicity data, and solves the estimation and prediction problems of the reference value of the aquatic organisms in the target area when the toxicity data is deficient.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. A method of estimating a baseline aquatic life value for a target area, comprising:
identifying the classification composition of aquatic organisms in the water ecosystem of the target area and the reference area;
collecting target chemical aquatic toxicity data of the target area and the reference area when the biological classification compositions of the target area and the reference area are similar;
biologically categorizing representative species of aquatic ecosystems in the target and reference regions according to the collected toxicity data of the target and reference regions; classifying representative species of the water ecosystem of the target area and the reference area according to species, genera, families, orders, classes, phyla and boundaries according to the biological taxonomy distance;
screening representative and sensitive biotoxicity data of the collected ecotoxicology data of the target chemical substances in the target area and the reference area;
calculating the BER value of the biological effect ratio of the target area and the reference area according to the data of the representativeness and the sensitivity;
estimating a target area aquatic organism reference value ALC according to the BER value;
further comprising: verifying the aquatic organism reference value ALC of the estimation target area;
carrying out ecotoxicology test, and obtaining the test result EC50/LC50When the value is larger than the estimation target area aquatic organism reference value ALC, the estimation target area aquatic organism reference value ALC is a feasible target area aquatic organism reference value ALC;
when the test results EC50/LC50When the value is less than or equal to the aquatic organism reference value ALC of the estimation target area, the test result EC50/LC50The value is a feasible target area aquatic organism reference value ALC;
after the step of screening the collected ecotoxicology data of the target chemical substances of the target area and the reference area for representative and sensitive data, the method further comprises:
supplementing at least one set of assays when the screened data lacks representation and sensitivity;
wherein: the reference area ALC is divided into 2 cases, the first is ALC value published by the us EPA; secondly, toxicity data of a reference area are sufficient, and when the data volume is more than or equal to 3 toxicity data of aquatic organisms of 7 families, an ALC value can be obtained by calculating the toxicity data by adopting HJ 831-2017 technical guidelines established by freshwater aquatic organism water quality benchmark;
further comprising:
when the biological classification compositions of the target area and the reference area are not similar, selecting a replacing area as the reference area; the replacement area and the target area are similar in latitude and climate zone;
performing a step of collecting target chemical aquatic toxicity data of the target area and the reference area; the reference region is the replacement region;
calculating the BER values of the target area and the reference area according to the data of the representativeness and the sensitivity, and comprising the following steps:
calculating BER values of the target area and the reference area according to formula 1;
equation 1: BER ═ geomaen (target region represents species toxicity value/reference region represents species toxicity value);
estimating a target area aquatic organism reference value ALC according to the BER value, comprising:
after the BER is obtained, estimating a target area ALC by adopting a formula 2;
equation 2: target area ALC is BER × reference area ALC.
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| 中美水生生物基准受试物种敏感性差异研究;王晓南等;《环境科学》;20160725;全文 * |
| 水质基准方法学中若干关键技术探讨;闫振广;《环境科学研究》;20120415;全文 * |
| 生物效应比(BER)技术预测我国水生生物基准探讨;王晓南等;《中国环境科学》;20160120;第1节、第3节 * |
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