CN109444883A - A kind of Shared aperture triple channel moving target detecting system - Google Patents
A kind of Shared aperture triple channel moving target detecting system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109444883A CN109444883A CN201811358059.2A CN201811358059A CN109444883A CN 109444883 A CN109444883 A CN 109444883A CN 201811358059 A CN201811358059 A CN 201811358059A CN 109444883 A CN109444883 A CN 109444883A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
- G01S13/9021—SAR image post-processing techniques
- G01S13/9029—SAR image post-processing techniques specially adapted for moving target detection within a single SAR image or within multiple SAR images taken at the same time
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
- G01S7/415—Identification of targets based on measurements of movement associated with the target
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Shared aperture triple channel moving target detecting systems, this system constructs Shared aperture triple channel moving target detecting system first, constructed system includes: Shared aperture triple channel radar building module, channel-equalization processing module, moving-target detection module, the physical structure that module constructs Shared aperture triple channel radar is constructed by Shared aperture triple channel radar, channel-equalization processing module compensates channel mismatching error using channel-equalization algorithm, the Doppler frequency that moving-target detection module utilizes moving target to generate, it is imaged in conjunction with SAR, moving target is distinguished from fixed ground target or land clutter.The method of the present invention can be detected and be positioned to the moving-target of radar detection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of moving target detecting system, especially a kind of Shared aperture triple channel moving target detecting system.
Background technique
Ground moving target detection is especially important application in synthetic aperture radar (SAR), is to realize ground moving target
Detection, positioning, tracking necessary ways.Due to inevitably containing a large amount of land clutter in radar return, and ground is miscellaneous
The frequency spectrum of wave may can be flooded with the spectrum overlapping of target, target by strong land clutter, to seriously affect inspection of the system to target
Survey performance.Pulse recurrence frequency is usually selected smaller to obtain than wider mapping strip width by SAR system, so
Keep for secondary lobe section and Doppler frequency band range without clutter section generally also very small in engineering, along in SAR body
The Doppler frequency spectrum for making lower clutter and moving target is all broadened very serious, so the frequency spectrum of moving target and main-lobe clutter are composed
Usually have overlapping.In this way, single-channel SAR system has very much by the performance that clutter carries out moving object detection with added salts
Limit.In order to avoid this limitation and moving target can be detected in clutter frequency band inner region, be carried out using the SAR system of triple channel
Moving-target detection is very effective solution, it can be achieved that effective clutter recognition, thus realize at a slow speed, Dim moving target
Detection.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of that present invention to provide a kind of Shared aperture triple channel moving target detection method, solution is taking static surface feature background
Under moving target when, existing detection method can not accurately carry out moving-target detection and positioning the problem of.
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention proposes following technical scheme.
A kind of specific steps of Shared aperture triple channel moving target detection method are as follows:
The first step constructs Shared aperture triple channel moving target detecting system
Shared aperture triple channel moving target detecting system, comprising: Shared aperture triple channel radar constructs module, channel-equalization processing
Module, moving-target detection module；Wherein,
The function of Shared aperture triple channel radar building module are as follows: the physical structure of building Shared aperture triple channel radar；
The function of channel-equalization processing module are as follows: compensate channel mismatching error using channel-equalization Processing Algorithm；
The function of moving-target detection module are as follows: the Doppler frequency generated using moving target is imaged in conjunction with SAR, fortune
Moving-target is distinguished from fixed ground target or land clutter.
Second step Shared aperture triple channel radar constructs module and constructs Shared aperture triple channel radar
Shared aperture triple channel radar is mainly made of three parts: phased array antenna, triple channel channel and multifunctional signal
Processing.
The major function of phased array antenna is to be upwardly formed hair in designated space side under the control of multifunctional signal processing
Wave beam is penetrated and received, space power synthesis is completed.Antenna array is divided into three channels by phased array antenna, by three channels
Then receiving signal digital completes digital beam froming.It is common real wherein mainly including aerial array and microwave feed network
Existing three sub-array phased array antenna.
The major function of triple channel channel is required for frequency reference needed for generation system and multifunctional signal processing
Coherent frequency signal emits the upconversion process of signal, receives the down-converted etc. of signal.Wherein mainly include frequency source,
Up-conversion and receiver.Coherent frequency required for frequency reference needed for frequency source mainly provides system and multifunctional signal are handled
Rate signal；Up-conversion mainly completes the upconversion process of transmitting signal；Receiver mainly completes the lower change of threeway channel receiving signal
Frequency is handled.
The major function of multifunctional signal processing is to realize the processing function of digital signal.It wherein mainly include digital beam
It is formed, acquisition pretreatment, channel-equalization processing, SAR imaging, moving-target detection, Communication Control.Digital beam froming is main
Subarray triple channel receiving signal digital is completed, realizes the synthesis of digital beam；Acquisition pretreatment is main to be completed by triple channel
The reception for the digital intermediate frequency signal that channel provides；The compensation of mismatch error between the main completion triple channel of channel-equalization processing；SAR at
As the main Radar Imaging Processing completed to target of processing；Moving-target detection is main to be completed to measure the speed of moving target
It is positioned with to target；Communication Control mainly completes multifunctional signal processing to the timing control of each section.
Third step channel-equalization processing module compensates channel mismatching error
Channel-equalization processing module compensates triple channel mismatch error.It, can be in order to determine the consistency between each channel
It is verified using the leakage signal in each channel.Leakage signal is that radar antenna leaks into receiving end when transmitting signals
, it can be regarded as the modulation only by channel not by the modulation of ground scene, therefore can be let out by each channel
Reveal the degree of consistency of signal to determine the consistency between channel, and there is real-time.
System tool is there are three channel, channel 1, channel 2 and channel 3, and data are respectively x in channel1(n)、x2(n) and x3
(n).Wherein, the response of three of them channel frequence is respectively H1(w)、H2(w) and H3(w), transmitting signal s (w) is leaked to three channels
Signal be respectively s1(w)、s2(w) and s3(w), they meet following relationship:
s1(w)=s (w) H1(w)+n1(w)
s2(w)=s (w) H2(w)+n2(w)
s3(w)=s (w) H3(w)+n3(w)
If three channels are completely the same, and signal-to-noise ratio is relatively high, then should have:
s1(w)≈s2(w)≈s3(w)
But if in the case that signal-to-noise ratio is relatively low, even if three channels are completely the same, leakage signal can also differ greatly.
So can be determined by the consistency of the frequency response of leakage signal logical in the case where signal-to-noise ratio is relatively high
Consistency between road.
If the consistency between channel does not reach requirement, equilibrium treatment must be just carried out.Equally, it is carried out with leakage signal
Channel-equalization.On the basis of channel 2, in the case where signal-to-noise ratio is relatively high, formula be can simplify into:
s1(w)=s (w) H1(w)
s2(w)=s (w) H2(w)
s3(w)=s (w) H3(w)
It is hereby achieved that the frequency response of the equalization filter to channel 1 and 3 are as follows:
Later, FIR filter design method is used to design a frequency response as E1(w) filter e1(n) and E3(w)
Filter e3(n), three channel datas after last available equilibrium are as follows:
x2(n)=x2(n)
4th step moving-target detection module realizes that moving target is separated from fixed ground target or land clutter
Before moving-target detection, need to complete the high-resolution imaging to scene first, then the moving-target being detected
It is labeled in scene image.
Scene high-resolution imaging include distance and bearing high-resolution bidimensional separate technology, frequently with method have distance
Matched filtering technique conciliates line frequency modulation technology.Apart from matched filtering technique realization scene apart from frequency domain imaging, range Imaging is adopted
With pulse compression technique, frequency modulation characteristic is determined by the impulse waveform of transmitting signal, is easier to realize.And orientation solution line frequency modulation technology is real
The orientation frequency domain imaging of live scape, orientation imaging regard SAR imaging using RD algorithm or Dechirp frequency domain fastly, obtain each
The complex pattern in channel.
Then carry out the detection of triple channel moving-target, scene and moving target are carried out simultaneously using positive side view working method at
Picture.It carries out clutter cancellation and passes through every two channel since the movement velocity of moving target can show as non-constant term in orientation
Image subtraction and after taking energy, the energy of moving target has residue, and for static scene, ground mixed wave specific zero.This
When, image only has noise and moving-target information, thus can be by the way that certain thresholding is arranged, using unit average constant false alarm rate
(CFAR) method carries out moving-target detection.
Finally, carrying out map match and calibration processing to SAR image, pass through the ginseng that doppler analysis obtains moving target
Number realizes the positioning to moving-target in the position of moving target and kinematic parameter mark SAR image.
So far, the detection of Shared aperture triple channel moving-target is completed.
This method can be detected and be positioned to ground moving object.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is Shared aperture triple channel moving target detecting system framework of the invention.
Fig. 2 is Shared aperture triple channel moving target detecting system process of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing 1-2.
A kind of specific steps of Shared aperture triple channel moving target detection method proposed by the present invention are as follows:
The first step constructs Shared aperture triple channel moving target detecting system
Shared aperture triple channel moving target detecting system, comprising: Shared aperture triple channel radar constructs module, channel-equalization processing
Module, moving-target detection module；It is described:
The function of Shared aperture triple channel radar building module are as follows: the physical structure of building Shared aperture triple channel radar；
The function of channel-equalization processing module are as follows: compensate channel mismatching error using channel-equalization Processing Algorithm；
The function of moving-target detection module are as follows: the Doppler frequency generated using moving target is imaged in conjunction with SAR, fortune
Moving-target is distinguished from fixed ground target or land clutter.
Second step Shared aperture triple channel radar constructs module and constructs Shared aperture triple channel radar
Shared aperture triple channel radar is mainly made of three parts: phased array antenna, triple channel channel and multifunctional signal
Processor.
The major function of phased array antenna is to be upwardly formed under the control of multifunctional signal processor in designated space side
Transmitting and reception wave beam, complete space power synthesis.Antenna array is divided into three channels by phased array antenna, by three channels
Receiving signal digital, then complete digital beam froming.Wherein mainly including aerial array and microwave feed network, jointly
Realize three sub-array phased array antenna.
The major function of triple channel channel is required for frequency reference needed for generation system and multifunctional signal processor
Coherent frequency signal, emit the upconversion process of signal, receive the down-converted etc. of signal.Triple channel channel includes frequency
Source, up-converter module and receiver.Required for frequency reference needed for frequency source mainly provides system and multifunctional signal processing
Coherent frequency signal；Up-converter module mainly completes the upconversion process of transmitting signal；Receiver is mainly completed triple channel and is connect
The down-converted of the collection of letters number.
The major function of multifunctional signal processor is to realize the processing function of digital signal.Multifunctional signal processor master
It to include digital beam froming module, acquisition preprocessing module, channel-equalization processing module, SAR imaging module, moving-target
Detection module, communication control module.Digital beam module forms main completion Subarray triple channel receiving signal digital, realizes
The synthesis of digital beam；Acquisition preprocessing module mainly completes the reception of the digital intermediate frequency signal provided by triple channel channel；It is logical
The compensation of mismatch error between the main completion triple channel of trace equalization processing；SAR imaging module mainly completes the radar to target
Imaging；Moving-target detection module is mainly completed to measure the speed of moving target and be positioned to target；Communication
Control module mainly completes multifunctional signal processing to the timing control of each section.
Third step channel-equalization processing module compensates triple channel mismatch error
Channel-equalization processing module compensates triple channel mismatch error.It, can be in order to determine the consistency between each channel
It is verified using the leakage signal in each channel.Leakage signal is that radar antenna leaks into receiving end when transmitting signals
, it can be regarded as the modulation only by channel not by the modulation of ground scene, therefore can be let out by each channel
Reveal the degree of consistency of signal to determine the consistency between channel, and there is real-time.
System tool is there are three channel, channel 1, channel 2 and channel 3, and data are respectively x in channel1(n)、x2(n) and x3
(n).Wherein, the response of three of them channel frequence is respectively H1(w)、H2(w) and H3(w), transmitting signal s (w) is leaked to three channels
Signal be respectively s1(w)、s2(w) and s3(w), they meet following relationship:
s1(w)=s (w) H1(w)+n1(w)
s2(w)=s (w) H2(w)+n2(w)
s3(w)=s (w) H3(w)+n3(w)
If three channels are completely the same, and signal-to-noise ratio is relatively high, then should have:
s1(w)≈s2(w)≈s3(w)
But if in the case that signal-to-noise ratio is relatively low, even if three channels are completely the same, leakage signal can also differ greatly.
So can be determined by the consistency of the frequency response of leakage signal logical in the case where signal-to-noise ratio is relatively high
Consistency between road.
If the consistency between channel does not reach requirement, equilibrium treatment must be just carried out.Equally, it is carried out with leakage signal
Channel-equalization.On the basis of channel 2, in the case where signal-to-noise ratio is relatively high, s1(w)、s2(w) and s3(w) it can simplify into:
s1(w)=s (w) H1(w)
s2(w)=s (w) H2(w)
s3(w)=s (w) H3(w)
It is hereby achieved that the frequency response of the equalization filter to channel 1 and 3 are as follows:
Later, FIR filter design method is used to design a frequency response as E1(w) filter e1(n) and E3(w)
Filter e3(n), three channel datas after last available equilibrium are as follows:
x2(n)=x2(n)
4th step moving-target detection module realizes that moving target is separated from fixed ground target or land clutter
Before moving-target detection, need to complete the high-resolution imaging to scene first, then the moving-target being detected
It is labeled in scene image.
Scene high-resolution imaging include distance and bearing high-resolution bidimensional separate technology, frequently with method have distance
Matched filtering technique conciliates line frequency modulation technology.Apart from matched filtering technique realization scene apart from frequency domain imaging, range Imaging is adopted
With pulse compression technique, frequency modulation characteristic is determined by the impulse waveform of transmitting signal, is easier to realize.And orientation solution line frequency modulation technology is real
The orientation frequency domain imaging of live scape, orientation imaging regard SAR imaging using RD algorithm or Dechirp frequency domain fastly, obtain each
The complex pattern in channel.
Then carry out the detection of triple channel moving-target, scene and moving target are carried out simultaneously using positive side view working method at
Picture.It carries out clutter cancellation and passes through every two channel since the movement velocity of moving target can show as non-constant term in orientation
Image subtraction and after taking energy, the energy of moving target has residue, and for static scene, ground mixed wave specific zero.This
When, image only has noise and moving-target information, thus can be by the way that certain thresholding is arranged, using unit average constant false alarm rate
(CFAR) method carries out moving-target detection.
Finally, carrying out map match and calibration processing to SAR image, pass through the ginseng that doppler analysis obtains moving target
Number realizes the positioning to moving-target in the position of moving target and kinematic parameter mark SAR image.
So far, the detection of Shared aperture triple channel moving-target is completed.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of Shared aperture triple channel moving target detecting system, which is characterized in that
The Shared aperture triple channel moving target detecting system includes: Shared aperture triple channel radar, channel-equalization processing module, dynamic mesh
Mark detection module；Wherein,
The Shared aperture triple channel radar includes: phased array antenna, triple channel channel and multifunctional signal processor；
The channel-equalization processing module compensates channel mismatching error using channel-equalization Processing Algorithm；
The Doppler frequency that the moving-target detection module utilizes moving target to generate is imaged in conjunction with SAR, moving target from ground
It is distinguished in the fixed target in face or land clutter.
2. Shared aperture triple channel moving target detecting system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the Shared aperture threeway
In road radar,
The phased array antenna includes aerial array and microwave feed network, wherein aerial array wave beam for transmitting and receiving,
Microwave feed network is used to form triple channel；Under the control of multifunctional signal processor, hair is upwardly formed in designated space side
Wave beam is penetrated and received, space power synthesis is completed；Antenna array is divided into three channels by phased array antenna, by three channels
Then receiving signal digital completes digital beam froming；
The letter of coherent frequency required for frequency reference needed for the triple channel channel generation system and multifunctional signal processor
Number, emit the upconversion process of signal, receives the down-converted of signal；The triple channel channel includes frequency source, up-conversion
Module and receiver；Coherent frequency required for frequency reference needed for the frequency source offer system and multifunctional signal are handled
Signal；The up-converter module completes the upconversion process of transmitting signal；The down coversion of receiver completion threeway channel receiving signal
Processing；
Multifunctional signal processor realizes the processing of digital signal, and the multifunctional signal processor includes digital beam froming mould
Block, acquisition preprocessing module, channel-equalization processing module, SAR imaging module, moving-target detection module, Communication Control mould
Block；The digital beam froming module completes triple channel receiving signal digital, realizes the synthesis of digital beam；The acquisition is pre-
Processing module completes the reception of the digital intermediate frequency signal provided by triple channel channel；The channel-equalization processing module completes threeway
The compensation of mismatch error between road；The SAR imaging module completes the Radar Imaging Processing to target；The moving-target detection
Module completion measures the speed of moving target and positions to target；The communication control module completes multi-functional letter
The timing control of number processor to radar.
3. Shared aperture triple channel moving target detecting system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The processing of channel-equalization processing module compensation triple channel mismatch error includes,
System tool is there are three channel, channel 1, channel 2 and channel 3, and data are respectively x in channel1(n)、x2(n) and x3
(n)；Wherein, the response of three of them channel frequence is respectively H1(w)、H2(w) and H3(w), transmitting signal s (w) is leaked to three channels
Signal be respectively s1(w)、s2(w) and s3(w), they meet following relationship,
On the basis of channel 2, in the case where signal-to-noise ratio height, s1(w)、s2(w) and s3(w) are as follows:
s1(w)=s (w) H1(w)
s2(w)=s (w) H2(w)
s3(w)=s (w) H3(w)
Frequency response to the equalization filter in channel 1 and 3 are as follows:
Use FIR filter as frequency response for E1(w) filter e1(n) and frequency response is E3(w) filter e3
(n), three channel datas after finally obtaining equilibrium are as follows:
x2(n)=x2(n)
4. Shared aperture triple channel moving target detecting system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Moving-target detection module realizes that the processing that separates from fixed ground target or land clutter of moving target includes:
Scene high-resolution imaging includes that the separable technology of high-resolution two dimension of distance and bearing obtains to obtain the complex pattern in each channel；
Then, the detection of triple channel moving-target is carried out, scene and moving target are imaged simultaneously using positive side view working method；
Clutter cancellation is carried out, a thresholding is set, moving-target detection is carried out using unit average constant false alarm rate (CFAR) method；
Finally, carrying out map match and calibration processing to SAR image, the parameter of moving target is obtained by doppler analysis,
In the position of moving target and kinematic parameter mark SAR image, the positioning to moving-target is realized.
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