CN109444878A - A kind of microwave 3-D data set construction method based on SAR image - Google Patents
A kind of microwave 3-D data set construction method based on SAR image Download PDFInfo
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- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of microwave 3-D data set construction method based on SAR image, it is expanded in SAR three-dimensional applications field, data supporting is provided to develop the cognition of SAR target three-dimensional and application, also the foundation for subsequent SAR 3-D data set provides reference, and existing SAR data collection is all based on greatly on the basis of existing image data, slice of data is obtained after image segmentation, the present invention just at present generally speaking, the shortcomings that overcoming existing SAR truthful data more to lack, on the basis of real data, the method for being supplemented emulation data, data set can be supplemented, effectively increase the accuracy of data acquired collection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of microwave 3-D data set construction method based on SAR image, belongs to synthetic aperture radar skill
Art field.
Background technique
Currently, artificial intelligence technology has penetrated into SAR object aware field, and data are to drive the master of Artificial Intelligence Development
Want strength.Therefore, the building of SAR sample data set is to develop basis and the support of intelligent SAR image object aware, is reinforced
The construction of SAR sample data set pushes the opening and shares and collaborative innovation of resource, can effectively promote China in this field
Basic technology progress, the form of outstanding technological achievement and application are converted.
SAR data acquisition is more much higher than optical image acquisition in technical difficulty and funds demand side, therefore at present
It is considerably less that international SAR target discloses sample set.Carrying out the most important data set of target identification at present is MSTAR.MSTAR is real
Testing data is that the MSTAR that the projects such as U.S. national defense height administration (DARPA) supports polarizes the announced static mesh in the ground actual measurement SAR
Data are marked, be directed to the research of SAR image target identification both at home and abroad at present, be unfolded on MSTAR data set.MSTAR figure
As the X-band single polarization SAR image that resolution ratio is 0.3*0.3m, wherein mainly including three categories military target: BTR70 is (armoring
Transport vehicle), BMP2 (infantry fighting vehicles) and T72 (tank), the also sectioning image comprising a small amount of some other military targets.In the country
Extra large university of communications collects to handing over big Minxing area to carry out long-term multi-source data, constructs a high-resolution, multidate SAR
Experimental data set based on image, wherein assisting 3 main portions by high resolution SAR data, earth's surface true value mark, multi-source data
It is grouped as, wherein ground object target is divided into waters, four major class of open ground, trees and man-made target, [Yu Wenxian, Liu Bin high-resolution
The building [J] of rate, multidate SAR image data set.Mapping section notification, 2014,32 (SO): 119-122] data set design mesh
Be can be interpreted for High Resolution SAR Images, information inverting and target identification provide it is high believable, real-time, abundantly
Table and target true value information can promote the progress of these researchs and related work.CAS Electronics Research Institute obtains
The SAR image data largely acquired by No. GF-3 passes through the segmentation to SAR image data and obtains a large amount of ground object target slice
Data (learn by Yang Jintao, Chou Xiaolan, the analysis of C-band SAR Terrain Scattering stability characteristic (quality) and extracting method [J], university, the Chinese Academy of Sciences
Report), in order to efficiently be managed atural object target slice data, slice is labeled, is that SAR terrain classification and scattering are special
Journal of Sex Research provides good data set basis.
However, current SAR data collection is to carry out image segmentation on the basis of SAR image, added with both two-dimensional image slices
It is labeled as principal mode presentation, this kind of data set can be used as the applications such as SAR image terrain classification, SAR image target identification
Training sample set.However, as SAR image increase resolution is even higher to sub-meter grade, the characteristics of SAR oblique distance is imaged and micro-
The particularity of scattering of wave, so that being often difficult to understand for the key properties such as the structure of target from two-dimensional SAR image, this gives SAR mesh
Mark interpretation and application bring difficulty.For this purpose, the technologies such as SAR image three-dimensional reconstruction and SAR three-dimensional imaging are concerned.At present
The 3-D data set of SAR target is all at home and abroad blank, and this severely limits the researchs of SAR three-dimensional reconstruction, and then is limited
The development of SAR target decomposition and information extraction technology is made.
The method for following the building of above-mentioned two-dimentional data set, a kind of direct method of building SAR 3-D data set be by
SAR with three-dimensional imaging ability, such as array three-dimensional SAR ([J.Klare, A..R.Brener, A new airborne radar
for 3D Imaging-Image formation Using the ARTINO Principle[C],6th Eurepean
Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar,EUSAR,Dresden,Germany,2016]、TomoSAR[XX
Zhu、R Bamler,Very High Resolution Spaceborne SAR Tomography in Urban
Environment[J],IEEE Transactions on Geoscience&Remote Sensing,2010,48(12):
4296-4308] etc., the two and three dimensions SAR image of target and scene is obtained, and establish data by the modes such as dividing, cutting
Collection.However, the SAR equipment with three-dimensional imaging ability is very few in the world at present, and the technology of data acquisition, processing is difficult
Spend very big, only only a few unit grasps the relevant technologies, therefore constructs data set and unrealistic in this way.
And the mode of another building SAR 3-D data set that can be infered is by emulation, however, current electromagnetism is imitative
Really it is mainly used for the RCS of simulation objectives, emulation, which obtains high-resolution two-dimensional image, has had larger difficulty, and it is similar to there is emulation
The problems such as not high is spent, and there is no using emulation the report for carrying out SAR 3-D data set building at present.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of using completely new approach design combination, can effectively improve three
The microwave 3-D data set construction method based on SAR image of dimension data collection building efficiency and accuracy rate.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem the present invention uses following technical scheme: the present invention devises a kind of based on SAR shadow
The microwave 3-D data set construction method of picture includes the following steps: for realizing the building of object 3-D data set
The meta data file of step A. synthetic aperture radar two-dimensional observation image according to corresponding to object, combining target are first
Sex knowledge is tested, is emulated for object, obtains object simulation result file, and generate object emulating image, then
Enter step B；
Step B. for practical synthetic aperture radar two-dimensional observation image corresponding to object emulating image and object into
Row registration obtains three-dimensional coordinate corresponding to each scattering point in synthetic aperture radar two-dimensional observation image corresponding to object, and
By inverse projection mode, the three-dimensional information of object is obtained, i.e. acquisition object 3-D data set.
Further include step C as a preferred technical solution of the present invention, execute step B, obtains the three-dimensional letter of object
After breath, it is as follows to enter step C:
Step C. realizes the storage of object three-dimensional information with preset data storage mode, and presses preset rules, completion pair
The labeling and data number of data realize the building of object 3-D data set.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the step A includes the following steps:
Step A1. extracts synthesis in the meta data file of synthetic aperture radar two-dimensional observation image as corresponding to object
Aperture radar two-dimensional observation incidence angle, object azimuth, oblique distance to resolution ratio, azimuth resolution, transmitting signal center frequency
Rate, transmitted bandwidth parameter, and the 3D model of object is obtained, subsequently into step A2；
Simulated program initial ray position is arranged according to synthetic aperture radar two-dimensional observation incidence angle in step A2.；
According to oblique distance to resolution ratio, azimuth resolution, the output image resolution ratio of simulated program is set；
According to object azimuth, object module angles and positions are set, subsequently into step A3；
Step A3. is based on simulated program initial ray position, the output image resolution ratio of simulated program, object module angle
With position, the 3D model of object, transmitting signal center frequency, transmitted bandwidth parameter, and according to target priori sex knowledge, setting
Object presets each parameter, then carries out object emulation, object simulation result file is obtained, subsequently into step A4；
Step A4. generates object emulating image according to object simulation result file.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the step A3, according to target priori sex knowledge, target is set
Object presets each parameter, including object module specularity factor, object module diffusing reflection coefficient and object module roughness.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the step A3, object simulation result file includes target
Orientation coordinate, oblique distance coordinate, elevation coordinate, scattering strength, scattering imaging, the mirror-reflection mark of each scattering point corresponding to model
Will, scattering position coordinates x, scatter position coordinates y, scatter position coordinates z；
The step A4 includes the following:
Orientation coordinate, the oblique distance coordinate of step A4-1. each scattering point according to corresponding to object module, obtain each scattering point
Orientation distance, oblique distance distance, subsequently into step A4-2；
Step A4-2. obtains each scattering point and corresponds to object emulation according to orientation distance, the oblique distance distance of each scattering point
Coordinate in image, subsequently into step A4-3；
Step A4-3. corresponds to the coordinate in object emulating image according to each scattering point, strong in conjunction with elevation coordinate, scattering
Degree, scattering imaging, mirror-reflection mark, scattering position coordinates x, scatter position coordinates y, scatter position coordinates z, generate object
Emulating image.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the step B includes the following steps:
Step B1. for practical synthetic aperture radar two-dimensional observation image corresponding to object emulating image and object into
Row registration, it is subsequent to ignore the region that gray value in emulating image is zero when being handled, establish pair of scattering point between two images
It should be related to；
The two-dimensional coordinate of scattering point, right in synthetic aperture radar two-dimensional observation image corresponding to step B2. combining target object
Than object simulation result file, three-dimensional coordinate corresponding to each scattering point is determined, by synthetic aperture radar corresponding to object
Scattering point inverse projection on two-dimensional observation image finally obtains the three-dimensional information of object, subsequently into step to three-dimensional space
C。
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the step C, using point cloud data storage mode, mesh is realized
Mark the storage of object three-dimensional information, wherein using scene center as coordinate origin, by scattering point and image from left to right, on to
Under correspondence ordinal relation, be stored in the form of three-dimensional coordinate in .mat matrix.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention: real using three-dimensional modeling data storage mode in the step C
The storage of existing object three-dimensional information, wherein according to SAR two dimensional image, determine the threedimensional model of target, deposited with .obj mode
Storage.
A kind of microwave 3-D data set construction method based on SAR image of the present invention is using above technical scheme and now
There is technology to compare, has following technical effect that
The designed microwave 3-D data set construction method based on SAR image of the invention, carries out in SAR three-dimensional applications field
It expands, provides data supporting to develop the cognition of SAR target three-dimensional and application, also the foundation for subsequent SAR 3-D data set mentions
For reference, and existing SAR data collection is all based on greatly on the basis of existing image data, and slice is obtained after image segmentation
The shortcomings that data, the generally speaking present invention with regard to, overcoming existing SAR truthful data more to lack at present, use real data for base
Standard, the method for being supplemented emulation data, can supplement data set, effectively increase the accuracy of data acquired collection.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of microwave 3-D data set construction method of the present invention design based on SAR image；
Fig. 2 a is one SAR image original schematic diagram of Application Example of the present invention；
Fig. 2 b is the point cloud data figure of application drawing 2a of the present invention；
Fig. 3 a is two SAR image original schematic diagram of Application Example of the present invention；
Fig. 3 b is the three-dimensional model diagram of application drawing 3a of the present invention；
The SAR 3-D data set design example that Fig. 4 present invention applies.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.
The invention proposes the synthetic aperture radar three-dimensional data set construction methods of a kind of combination emulation and real image, first
It first proposes the emulation mode using ray tracing and the method for recording each scattering point three-dimensional position is obtained with three-dimensional information
SAR emulates data, to construct 3-D data set；Also, on this basis, to solve the problems, such as that simulation conformity is not high enough,
It proposes and establishes the scattering point in SAR real image and three by SAR target simulator inverse projection means in conjunction with practical SAR image
The connection between position is tieed up, so that relatively reliable 3-D data set is constructed, so that the three-dimensional reconstruction for SAR image target is conciliate
It translates identification and the support of data set construction method is provided.
The present invention devises a kind of microwave 3-D data set construction method based on SAR image, for realizing object three
The building of dimension data collection, includes the following steps:
The meta data file of step A. synthetic aperture radar two-dimensional observation image according to corresponding to object, combining target are first
Sex knowledge is tested, is emulated for object, obtains object simulation result file, and generate object emulating image, then
Enter step B.
In above-mentioned steps A practical application, specifically comprise the following steps:
Step A1. extracts synthesis in the meta data file of synthetic aperture radar two-dimensional observation image as corresponding to object
Aperture radar two-dimensional observation incidence angle, object azimuth, oblique distance to resolution ratio, azimuth resolution, transmitting signal center frequency
Rate, transmitted bandwidth parameter, and the 3D model of object is obtained, subsequently into step A2.
Simulated program initial ray position is arranged according to synthetic aperture radar two-dimensional observation incidence angle in step A2.；
Meanwhile the output image resolution ratio of simulated program is arranged to resolution ratio, azimuth resolution according to oblique distance；
And according to object azimuth, object module angles and positions are set, subsequently into step A3.
Step A3. is based on simulated program initial ray position, the output image resolution ratio of simulated program, object module angle
With position, the 3D model of object, transmitting signal center frequency, transmitted bandwidth parameter, and according to target priori sex knowledge, setting
Object presets each parameter, including object module specularity factor, object module diffusing reflection coefficient and object module are coarse
Then degree carries out object emulation, obtain object simulation result file, object simulation result file includes object module institute
The orientation coordinate of corresponding each scattering point, elevation coordinate, scattering strength, scattering imaging, mirror-reflection mark, dissipates oblique distance coordinate
Position coordinates x is penetrated, position coordinates y is scattered, scatters position coordinates z；Finally enter step A4.
Step A4. generates object emulating image according to object simulation result file.
In above-mentioned steps A4 practical application, specifically include as follows:
Orientation coordinate, the oblique distance coordinate of step A4-1. each scattering point according to corresponding to object module, obtain each scattering point
Orientation distance, oblique distance distance, subsequently into step A4-2.
Step A4-2. obtains each scattering point and corresponds to object emulation according to orientation distance, the oblique distance distance of each scattering point
Coordinate in image, subsequently into step A4-3；.
Here the acquisition that coordinate in object emulating image is corresponded to for each scattering point, is performed as follows:
Such as: it is scattering point oblique distance and orientation distance that Ra_g (k, 1) and Az (k, 1) is corresponding, r_min and a_
Min respectively corresponds minimum oblique distance and minimum orientation distance in emulation, and r_pix and a_pix respectively correspond the oblique distance of output image
Resolution ratio and azimuth resolution, then it is as follows to correspond to coordinate in object emulating image for the scattering point:
Row_pix=floor (((Ra_g (k, 1)-r_min)/r_pix)+0.5)
Column_pix=floor (((Az (k, 1)-a_min)/a_pix)+0.5)
Wherein, row_pix is the abscissa that scattering point corresponds in emulating image, and column_pix corresponds to for scattering point
Ordinate in emulating image.
Step A4-3. corresponds to the coordinate in object emulating image according to each scattering point, strong in conjunction with elevation coordinate, scattering
Degree, scattering imaging, mirror-reflection mark, scattering position coordinates x, scatter position coordinates y, scatter position coordinates z, generate object
Emulating image.
In step B practical application, following steps are specifically executed:
Step B1. for practical synthetic aperture radar two-dimensional observation image corresponding to object emulating image and object into
Row registration, it is subsequent to ignore the region that gray value in emulating image is zero when being handled, establish pair of scattering point between two images
It should be related to；
The two-dimensional coordinate of scattering point, right in synthetic aperture radar two-dimensional observation image corresponding to step B2. combining target object
Than object simulation result file, three-dimensional coordinate corresponding to each scattering point is determined, by synthetic aperture radar corresponding to object
Scattering point inverse projection on two-dimensional observation image finally obtains the three-dimensional information of object, subsequently into step to three-dimensional space
C。
Step C. realizes the storage of object three-dimensional information with preset data storage mode, and presses preset rules, completion pair
The labeling and data number of data realize the building of object 3-D data set.
For above-mentioned steps C, in practical application, two kinds of data storage methods can be respectively adopted, first, such as Fig. 2 a, figure
Shown in 2b, using point cloud data storage mode, the storage of object three-dimensional information is realized, wherein using scene center as coordinate original
Point, by scattering point in image from left to right, from the corresponding ordinal relation of upper top to bottm, be stored in the form of three-dimensional coordinate
.mat in matrix；Second, as shown in Figure 3a, 3b, using three-dimensional modeling data storage mode, realizing object three-dimensional information
Storage, wherein according to SAR two dimensional image, the threedimensional model of target is determined, with the storage of .obj mode.
The building of further object object 3-D data set in step C in practical application, is labeled 3-D data set
When, first to data.When continuing classification to data, first the total classification of target is labeled, as shown in figure 4, such as building target, tank
Target, Aircraft Targets, Ship Target etc..It is divided into several groups again in each major class, as built the residential building in target, non-residence
People's building area is divided into BTR70/T72/BMP2 etc. in tank target, B52/ Boeing-747/B707 etc. is divided into Aircraft Targets,
It is divided into A Libaike/USS Nimitz etc. in Ship Target.In each group, be numbered by sample order of addition, i.e. 1,2,
3……。
Microwave 3-D data set construction method based on SAR image designed by above-mentioned technical proposal is led in SAR three-dimensional applications
Domain is expanded, and is provided data supporting to develop the cognition of SAR target three-dimensional and application, is also subsequent SAR 3-D data set
It establishes and reference is provided, and existing SAR data collection is all based on greatly on the basis of existing image data, is obtained after image segmentation
Take slice of data, the present invention just at present generally speaking, the shortcomings that overcoming existing SAR truthful data more to lack, using actual number
On the basis of, the method for being supplemented emulation data can supplement data set, effectively increase the accurate of data acquired collection
Property.
Embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail above in conjunction with attached drawing, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned implementations
Mode within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art can also be without departing from the purpose of the present invention
It makes a variety of changes.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of microwave 3-D data set construction method based on SAR image, for realizing the building of object 3-D data set,
It is characterized by comprising the following steps:
The meta data file of step A. synthetic aperture radar two-dimensional observation image according to corresponding to object, combining target priori
Sex knowledge is emulated for object, is obtained object simulation result file, and is generated object emulating image, then into
Enter step B；
Step B. is matched for object emulating image with practical synthetic aperture radar two-dimensional observation image corresponding to object
Standard obtains three-dimensional coordinate corresponding to each scattering point in synthetic aperture radar two-dimensional observation image corresponding to object, and passes through
Inverse projection mode obtains the three-dimensional information of object, i.e. acquisition object 3-D data set.
2. a kind of microwave 3-D data set construction method based on SAR image according to claim 1, which is characterized in that also
Including step C, step B is executed, after the three-dimensional information for obtaining object, it is as follows to enter step C:
Step C. realizes the storage of object three-dimensional information with preset data storage mode, and presses preset rules, completes logarithm
According to labeling and data number, realize object 3-D data set building.
3. a kind of microwave 3-D data set construction method based on SAR image according to claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
Step A is stated to include the following steps:
Step A1. extracts synthetic aperture in the meta data file of synthetic aperture radar two-dimensional observation image as corresponding to object
Radar two-dimensional observation incidence angle, object azimuth, oblique distance to resolution ratio, azimuth resolution, transmitting signal center frequency, hair
Bandwidth parameter is penetrated, and obtains the 3D model of object, subsequently into step A2；
Simulated program initial ray position is arranged according to synthetic aperture radar two-dimensional observation incidence angle in step A2.；
According to oblique distance to resolution ratio, azimuth resolution, the output image resolution ratio of simulated program is set；
According to object azimuth, object module angles and positions are set, subsequently into step A3；
Step A3. based on simulated program initial ray position, the output image resolution ratio of simulated program, object module angle and
Position, the 3D model of object, transmitting signal center frequency, transmitted bandwidth parameter, and according to target priori sex knowledge, mesh is set
Mark object presets each parameter, then carries out object emulation, object simulation result file is obtained, subsequently into step A4；
Step A4. generates object emulating image according to object simulation result file.
4. a kind of microwave 3-D data set construction method based on SAR image according to claim 3, which is characterized in that institute
It states in step A3, according to target priori sex knowledge, object is set and presets each parameter, including object module specularity factor,
Object module diffusing reflection coefficient and object module roughness.
5. according to a kind of microwave 3-D data set construction method based on SAR image of claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that
In the step A3, object simulation result file includes the orientation coordinate of each scattering point corresponding to object module, oblique distance seat
Mark, elevation coordinate, scattering strength, scattering imaging, mirror-reflection mark, scattering position coordinates x, scatter position coordinates y, scatter position
Set coordinate z；
The step A4 includes the following:
Orientation coordinate, the oblique distance coordinate of step A4-1. each scattering point according to corresponding to object module, obtain each scattering point
Orientation distance, oblique distance distance, subsequently into step A4-2；
Step A4-2. obtains each scattering point and corresponds to object analogous diagram according to orientation distance, the oblique distance distance of each scattering point
Coordinate as in, subsequently into step A4-3；
Step A4-3. corresponds to the coordinate in object emulating image according to each scattering point, in conjunction with elevation coordinate, scattering strength, dissipates
Number, mirror-reflection mark, scattering position coordinates x are penetrated, position coordinates y is scattered, scatters position coordinates z, generates object emulation
Image.
6. a kind of microwave 3-D data set construction method based on SAR image according to claim 5, which is characterized in that institute
Step B is stated to include the following steps:
Step B1. is carried out for practical synthetic aperture radar two-dimensional observation image corresponding to object emulating image and object
Registration, it is subsequent to ignore the region that gray value in emulating image is zero when being handled, establish the correspondence of scattering point between two images
Relationship；
The two-dimensional coordinate of scattering point in synthetic aperture radar two-dimensional observation image corresponding to step B2. combining target object compares mesh
Object simulation result file is marked, determines three-dimensional coordinate corresponding to each scattering point, by the two dimension of synthetic aperture radar corresponding to object
Scattering point inverse projection on observed image finally obtains the three-dimensional information of object, subsequently into step C to three-dimensional space.
7. a kind of microwave 3-D data set construction method based on SAR image according to claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
It states in step C, using point cloud data storage mode, realizes the storage of object three-dimensional information, wherein using scene center as coordinate
Origin, by scattering point in image from left to right, from the corresponding ordinal relation of upper top to bottm, stored in the form of three-dimensional coordinate
In .mat matrix.
8. a kind of microwave 3-D data set construction method based on SAR image according to claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
It states in step C, using three-dimensional modeling data storage mode, realizes the storage of object three-dimensional information, wherein according to SAR two dimension
Image determines the threedimensional model of target, with the storage of .obj mode.
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