Loading device of stamping machine tool
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of punching machine tools, in particular to a loading device of a punching machine tool.
Background
As a high-efficiency forging and pressing device, the high-speed punch is widely applied to important industrial fields such as aerospace, automobile manufacturing, transportation, metallurgical chemical industry and the like. Especially in recent years, the rapid development of manufacturing industry with automobiles as taps greatly promotes the progress of stamping industry in China, and the competition of the same industry is more and more intense along with the acceleration of global pace of markets; at the same time, users have placed higher demands on the reliability of the forging equipment.
In order to ensure the reliability of the punching machine, a punching test is required before shipment. In the prior art, a stamping machine tool factory usually adopts a piling test to test, namely, a sliding block directly punches steel ingots, and the method is simple and easy to implement, but has larger defects: the stamping force is not easy to control, overload is easy to occur due to improper operation, the damage to a machine tool is large, and meanwhile, the problem of vehicle tightness can occur.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a loading device of a punching machine tool, which provides controllable and stable punching force for a punching test of the punching machine tool, thereby ensuring the smooth proceeding of the punching test.
In order to achieve the technical purpose and the technical effect, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a punching press lathe loading device, includes the cylinder in the middle and is located two pneumatic cylinders that the symmetry of cylinder left and right sides set up respectively, and the limiting plate is installed through shaft shoulder, big retaining ring and big nut on the cylinder piston rod top of cylinder, connects the cylinder piston in the bottom of cylinder piston rod, the cylinder piston is located the cylinder barrel, is cylinder rodless side end cover, top for the cylinder has pole side end cover in the bottom of cylinder barrel, is equipped with the piston rod through-hole that holds the cylinder piston rod of vertical running through its upper and lower surface in the cylinder pole side end cover, is equipped with the cylinder uide bushing of ring cover outside the cylinder piston rod at piston rod through-hole top, is equipped with the cylinder retaining ring in the top of cylinder uide bushing.
Further, the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a hydraulic cylinder piston, the top of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod is provided with a small check ring through a shaft shoulder and a small nut, the position of the upper side of a limiting plate is limited by the small check ring, the hydraulic cylinder piston is positioned in a cylinder barrel, the bottom of the cylinder barrel is provided with a hydraulic cylinder rodless side end cover, the top of the cylinder barrel is provided with a hydraulic cylinder rod side end cover, the top of the hydraulic cylinder rod side end cover is provided with an end cover, the corresponding positions on the end cover and the hydraulic cylinder rod side end cover are respectively provided with a vertical hydraulic rod through hole for allowing the hydraulic cylinder piston rod to pass through, and the top of the hydraulic rod through hole in the hydraulic cylinder rod side end cover is provided with a guide sleeve sleeved outside the hydraulic cylinder piston rod.
Further, the cylinder rodless side end cover and the hydraulic cylinder rodless side end cover are fixedly mounted on the base plate through bolts.
Further, a wear ring is provided on the outer periphery of the cylinder piston.
Further, a spring surrounds the cylinder piston rod body, the top end of the spring is fixedly connected with the bottom of the cylinder guide sleeve, and the bottom end of the spring is fixedly connected with the top surface of the cylinder piston.
Further, the cylinder piston divides the interior of the cylinder barrel into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, a high-pressure gas filling channel communicated with the lower cavity of the cylinder barrel is arranged on the end cover on the rodless side of the cylinder, the cylinder piston divides the interior of the cylinder barrel into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, and a high-pressure oil filling channel communicated with the cavity above the cylinder barrel is arranged on the end cover on the rod side of the cylinder.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. according to the stamping machine tool loading device disclosed by the invention, the cylinder is used as a loading element, and the applied load can be adjusted by adjusting the pressure of the cylinder;
2. the limiting plate is arranged on the piston rod of the air cylinder, and the extending height of the piston rod is adjusted through the hydraulic cylinders at the two sides of the air cylinder, so that the loading device can be suitable for stamping machine tools of different sizes and types;
3. a spring is arranged on a piston rod between the cylinder guide sleeve and the cylinder piston, so that the impact force between the small check ring and the limiting plate when the piston rod is reset after loading can be reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a loading device of a press machine tool according to the present disclosure.
The hydraulic cylinder comprises a 1-cylinder piston rod, a 2-large nut, a 3-large retainer ring, a 4-limiting plate, a 5-small nut, a 6-small retainer ring, a 7-cylinder piston rod, an 8-end cover, a 9-guide sleeve, a 10-hydraulic lever with a lever side end cover, a 11-cylinder barrel, a 12-cylinder piston, a 13-cylinder rodless side end cover, a 16-cylinder rodless side end cover, a 17-cylinder barrel, a 18-wear ring, a 19-cylinder piston, a 20-spring, a 21-cylinder lever side end cover, a 22-cylinder guide sleeve and a 23-cylinder retainer ring.
Detailed Description
The following description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention will be presented in conjunction with the accompanying fig. 1 to make the advantages and features of the present invention more readily understood by those skilled in the art, and to make a clear and definite definition of the scope of the present invention.
In order to provide controllable and stable stamping force for a stamping test of a stamping machine tool, the invention discloses a stamping machine tool loading device, which comprises a middle cylinder and two symmetrically arranged hydraulic cylinders respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the cylinder, wherein a limit plate 4 is arranged at the top end of a cylinder piston rod 1 of the cylinder through a shaft shoulder, a large check ring 3 and a large nut 2, a cylinder piston 19 is connected at the bottom of the cylinder piston rod 1, the cylinder piston 19 is positioned in a cylinder barrel 17, a wear-resisting ring 18 is arranged at the periphery of the cylinder piston 19, a cylinder rod-free side end cover 16 is arranged at the bottom of the cylinder barrel 17, a cylinder rod-side end cover 21 is arranged at the top of the cylinder rod-side end cover 21, a piston rod through hole which vertically penetrates through the upper surface and the lower surface of the cylinder rod, a cylinder guide sleeve 22 which is sleeved outside the cylinder piston rod 1 is arranged at the top of the piston rod through hole, a cylinder check ring 23 is arranged above the cylinder guide sleeve 22, a spring 20 surrounds the cylinder piston rod body of the cylinder piston rod 1, the top end of the spring 20 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the cylinder guide sleeve 22, and the bottom is fixedly connected with the top surface of the cylinder piston 19.
The bottom of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 7 of the hydraulic cylinder is provided with a hydraulic cylinder piston 12, the top of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 7 is provided with a small check ring 6 through a shaft shoulder and a small nut 5, the small check ring 6 limits the position of the upper side of the limiting plate 4, the hydraulic cylinder piston 12 is positioned in a hydraulic cylinder barrel 11, the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder barrel 11 is a hydraulic cylinder rodless side end cover 13, the top of the hydraulic cylinder rodless side end cover 10 is provided with a hydraulic cylinder rod side end cover 10, the top of the hydraulic cylinder rodless side end cover 10 is provided with an end cover 8, vertical hydraulic rod through holes for allowing the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 7 to pass through are respectively arranged at corresponding positions on the end cover 8 and the hydraulic cylinder rodless side end cover 10, and the top of the hydraulic rod through hole in the hydraulic cylinder rodless side end cover 10 is provided with a guide sleeve 9 sleeved outside the hydraulic cylinder piston rod 7.
The cylinder rodless side end cover 16 and the hydraulic cylinder rodless side end cover 13 are fixedly mounted on the base plate 14 through bolts 15.
The cylinder piston 19 divides the interior of the cylinder barrel 17 into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, and a high-pressure gas filling channel communicated with the lower cavity of the cylinder barrel 17 is arranged on the end cover 16 at the rodless side of the cylinder; the hydraulic cylinder piston 12 divides the interior of the hydraulic cylinder barrel 11 into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, and a high-pressure oil filling channel communicated with the cavity above the hydraulic cylinder barrel 11 is arranged on the end cover 10 at the side of the rod of the hydraulic cylinder
The specific operation process is as follows: before a punching test is carried out on a punching machine tool, the loading device disclosed by the invention is arranged on a working platform of the punching machine tool, high-pressure gas is introduced between the end cover 16 on the rodless side of the cylinder and the piston 19 of the cylinder, the piston rod 1 of the cylinder is pushed to extend upwards, the limiting plate 4 is driven to move upwards, high-pressure oil is introduced between the end cover 10 on the rod side of the hydraulic cylinder on two sides of the cylinder and the piston 12 of the hydraulic cylinder, and under the actual operation condition, the high-pressure oil filling cavities of the two hydraulic cylinders can be communicated.
When the punching machine tool performs punching test, the sliding block moves to the vicinity of the bottom dead center, the top of the cylinder piston rod 1 is impacted, the cylinder piston rod 1 moves downwards under the action of impact force, when the sliding block moves upwards from the position of the bottom dead center, the cylinder piston rod 1 returns to a set height under the action of compressed air to complete one punching test, and the limiting plate 4 in the invention is mainly used for limiting the movement of the cylinder piston rod 1 during upward reset after the punching is completed. The spring 20 arranged on the piston rod 1 between the cylinder guide sleeve 22 and the cylinder piston 19 can reduce the impact force between the small check ring 6 and the limiting plate 4 when the piston rod 1 is reset after loading. By adjusting the air pressure of the compressed air between the cylinder rodless side end cover 16 and the cylinder piston 19, the load applied to the ram slide can be adjusted.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.