CN109439381B - Method for preparing lubricating oil composition by using regenerated waste mineral oil - Google Patents

Method for preparing lubricating oil composition by using regenerated waste mineral oil Download PDF

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CN109439381B
CN109439381B CN201811474827.0A CN201811474827A CN109439381B CN 109439381 B CN109439381 B CN 109439381B CN 201811474827 A CN201811474827 A CN 201811474827A CN 109439381 B CN109439381 B CN 109439381B
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oil
waste
maleic anhydride
ester exchange
regenerated
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CN109439381A (en
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高平
刘维民
冯大鹏
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Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics LICP of CAS
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
    • C10M2207/2825—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
    • C10M2207/401—Fatty vegetable or animal oils used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/08—Resistance to extreme temperature
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/56—Boundary lubrication or thin film lubrication
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
    • C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing a lubricating oil composition by using waste regenerated oil and waste residues, which comprises the steps of adding regenerated waste mineral oil and ester exchange swill-cooked dirty oil into a stirring kettle, stirring at normal temperature for 10-60 min, heating to 40-80 ℃, adding esterified maleic anhydride waste, and continuously stirring for 10-30 min to obtain composite lubricating oil. Wherein the mass percentage of each raw material is 82.0-92.0% of regenerated waste mineral oil, 4.0-8.0% of ester exchange swill-cooked dirty oil and 4.0-8.0% of esterified maleic anhydride waste material. The invention uses the regenerated waste mineral oil, ester exchange swill-cooked dirty oil and esterified maleic anhydride waste material, not only realizes the effective recycling of the waste material, but also can reduce the oil cost; the preparation process does not need harsh conditions such as high temperature and high pressure, and the like, and has simple and convenient process and strong operability; the prepared composite lubricating oil has good viscosity-temperature performance and antifriction and antiwear effects, and can be used for lubricating automobile engines.

Description

Method for preparing lubricating oil composition by using regenerated waste mineral oil
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a lubricating oil composition, in particular to a method for preparing a lubricating oil composition by using waste oil and waste residues, belonging to the technical field of lubricating oil.
Background
The biodegradation rate of the waste mineral lubricating oil is less than 5 percent, and the waste mineral lubricating oil contains a large amount of toxic or carcinogenic substances, such as short-side chain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heavy metal salt additives, chlorine, phosphorus, sulfur and phosphorus organic compounds and the like, and is discarded and incinerated at will, so that the waste of lubricating oil resources is caused, and the pollution to the environment is also caused. In addition, with the acceleration of the industrialization process, the annual demand of the lubricating oil is increased by 10-15%, so in recent years, many research reports on the regeneration of the waste lubricating oil are reported, but research on the regeneration process is concentrated.
The drainage oil generally refers to various waste oils and inferior oils existing in life, and the drainage of the oil can seriously pollute water and soil. Therefore, the reasonable recycling of the illegal cooking oil has great social benefits besides direct economic benefits. The main chemical component of the illegal cooking oil is higher fatty acid glyceride, and the common comprehensive utilization method is to decompose the illegal cooking oil into higher fatty acid and glycerin by catalysis, and further prepare industrial oleic acid, stearic acid, mixed fatty acid, industrial grease and the like (CN 103172851A; CN 103214366A; CN 103214375A). The research on the utilization of the illegal cooking oil reported in the literature also comprises the preparation of biodiesel, macromolecular plasticizer, transformer insulating oil, nicotine emulsifiable concentrate preparation, lubricant for drilling fluid, bio-alkane and bio-plastic, oil-soluble organic rare earth compound, rubber separant and the like from the illegal cooking oil (CN 103146488A, CN103193933A, CN103012840A, CN103131524A, CN103299991A, CN103013464A and CN 103045183A). A project for preparing olefin from the first waste oil and fat in China, petroleum refining and chemical industry, 2015, 46 (7): 94-94; british studies on the production of bioplastics from waste edible oils, shanghai chemical, 2012, 37 (10): 49-49 organic rare earth compounds prepared from bang steel, bang de and illegal cooking oil and the research on tribological performance thereof, China rare earth academy 2015, 33 (3): 355-362; qingdao university of science and technology utilizes "gutter oil" to develop a novel rubber release agent, modern rubber technology, 2014 (2): 46.
the maleic anhydride slag is from the production process of maleic anhydride, is acidic and brings great harm to the environment when being directly discarded. In the prior art, the maleic anhydride waste residue is mainly used for producing fumaric acid and methyl ester thereof. But at higher cost and with incomplete utilization. CN200810045844.2 discloses a method for preparing BDO or succinic acid diester by using by-products of maleic anhydride production, wherein any monohydric alcohol of C1-C8 is selected to carry out full esterification reaction in the presence of an esterification catalyst; CN201210219589.5 takes maleic anhydride slag as raw material to prepare the polycarboxylic acid series concrete water reducing agent. Can achieve the purpose of reducing the waste residue emission in the production process of the maleic anhydride. Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing a lubricating oil composition by using regenerated waste oil and waste residues, which can simply and efficiently realize the disposable utilization of three waste oil and waste residues.
The lubricating oil composition is prepared from the following raw materials and processes:
raw materials: 82.0-92.0% of regenerated waste mineral oil, 4.0-8.0% of ester exchange swill-cooked dirty oil and 4.0-8.0% of esterified maleic anhydride waste material.
Wherein the waste mineral oil is selected from waste automobile engine lubricating oil. The waste automobile engine lubricating oil is treated through settling, filtering, flocculating, extracting, solvent refining and other steps to eliminate polar matter, such as colloid, asphaltene, acid, soap, nitrogen-containing compound, sulfur-containing compound, etc. and aromatic hydrocarbon and other pollutant from waste oil to obtain regenerated waste mineral oil. In the regenerated oil, part of undegraded additives are still remained, and the regenerated oil can be reused after being supplemented with new additives. Namely a method of classifying and regenerating additives (Liujianhuang, a lubricating oil classification regeneration method and a research on tribology performance of regenerated oil, [ D ]. 2014, a doctor paper and a Wuhan material protection research institute). This is the most common use of the used lubricating oil, in addition to its use as a fuel oil and road hardening dustfall.
The ester exchange waste oil is selected from one or more of 2-hexyldecyl alcohol ester exchange waste oil, 2-octyldodecyl alcohol ester exchange waste oil and 2-decyltetradecyl alcohol ester exchange waste oil. The ester-exchanged illegal cooking oil can be obtained according to the preparation method already known in the literature (niujun, grandmother, Schering, dawn, KHSO)4Research on the esterification and transesterification of catalytic high-acid-value drainage oil, proceedings of the university of Ligusticum chuanxiong, 2007,26 (3): 252-255).
The esterified maleic anhydride waste material is at least one of 2-hexyldecylalkylated maleic anhydride waste material, 2-octyldodecyl alcohol esterified maleic anhydride waste material and 2-decyltetradecyl alcohol esterified maleic anhydride waste material. The esterified maleic anhydride can also be obtained according to the preparation method in the literature (see CN200810045844.2 for concrete).
The preparation process comprises the following steps: adding the regenerated waste mineral oil and the ester exchange swill-cooked dirty oil into a stirring kettle, stirring for 10-60 min at normal temperature, heating to 40-80 ℃, adding the esterified maleic anhydride waste, and continuously stirring for 10-30 min to obtain the composite lubricating oil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention uses the regenerated waste mineral oil, ester exchange swill-cooked dirty oil and esterified maleic anhydride waste material, not only realizes the effective recycling of the waste material, but also can reduce the oil cost;
2. the ester exchange waste oil and the esterified maleic anhydride waste material adopt Guerbet alcohol, wherein the flexible alkyl of long side chain ensures that the lubricating oil has good viscosity-temperature performance and high-low temperature performance, and an oil film is easily formed on the surface of a friction pair, thereby playing the roles of reducing friction and resisting wear and avoiding the problem of compatibility between a newly added additive and the regenerated oil and the original additive;
3. the prepared lubricating oil composition has good viscosity-temperature performance, high and low temperature performance and antifriction and antiwear performance, and can be used for lubricating automobile engines;
4. the preparation process does not need harsh conditions such as high temperature and high pressure, and the like, and has simple and convenient process and strong operability.
Detailed Description
The preparation and properties of the lubricating oil compositions of the present invention are further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
Taking 85.5g of regenerated waste mineral oil and 7.5g of 2-hexyldecyl alcohol ester exchanged swill-cooked dirty oil, adding into a stirring kettle, and stirring for 15min at room temperature; and (3) heating to 45 ℃, adding 7g of 2-hexyldecylalkylated maleic anhydride waste, and stirring for 15min to obtain the lubricating oil composition I. The performance indexes are shown in table 1.
Example 2
Adding 88g of regenerated waste mineral oil and 7g of 2-octyl dodecyl alcohol ester exchange swill-cooked dirty oil into a stirring kettle, and stirring for 20min at room temperature; heating to 55 ℃, adding 5g of 2-octyl dodecyl alcohol esterified maleic anhydride waste, and stirring for 20min to obtain the lubricating oil composition
Figure 119396DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
The performance indexes are shown in table 1.
Example 3
Adding 88g of regenerated waste mineral oil and 7g of 2-decyl tetradecyl alcohol ester exchange drainage oil into a stirring kettle, and stirring at room temperature for 40 min; and (3) heating to 75 ℃, adding 5g of 2-decyl tetradecyl alcohol esterified maleic anhydride waste, and stirring for 40min to obtain a lubricating oil composition III, wherein various performance indexes of the lubricating oil composition III are shown in table 1.
Example 4
Adding 85.5g of regenerated waste mineral oil, 3.5g of 2-hexyldecyl alcohol ester exchange illegal cooking oil and 4g of 2-octyl dodecyl alcohol ester exchange illegal cooking oil into a stirring kettle, and stirring for 35min at room temperature; heating to 55 ℃, adding 3g of 2-hexyldecyl alcohol esterified maleic anhydride waste and 4g of 2-octyldodecyl alcohol esterified maleic anhydride waste, and stirring for 35min to obtain a lubricating oil composition IV. The performance indexes are shown in table 1.
Example 5
Adding 91g of regenerated waste mineral oil, 3.5g of 2-decyl tetradecyl alcohol ester exchange illegal cooking oil and 1g of 2-octyl dodecyl alcohol ester exchange illegal cooking oil into a stirring kettle, and stirring for 55min at room temperature; and (3) heating to 75 ℃, adding 3g of 2-hexyldecyl alcohol esterified maleic anhydride waste and 0.5 g of 2-decyltetradecyl alcohol esterified maleic anhydride waste, and stirring for 55min to obtain the composite lubricating oil V, wherein each performance index is shown in table 1.
Example 6
Adding 90g of regenerated waste mineral oil, 3g of 2-hexyldecyl alcohol ester exchange illegal cooking oil and 2g of 2-decyltetradecyl alcohol ester exchange illegal cooking oil into a stirring kettle, and stirring for 50min at room temperature; and (3) heating to 70 ℃, adding 3g of 2-hexyldecylalcohol esterification maleic anhydride waste and 2g of 2-decyltetradecylalcohol esterification maleic anhydride waste, and stirring for 50min to obtain the lubricating oil composition VI. The performance indexes are shown in table 1.
Example 7
Adding 90g of regenerated waste mineral oil, 2g of 2-hexyldecyl alcohol ester exchange drainage oil, 1g of 2-decyldodecyl alcohol ester exchange drainage oil and 2g of 2-decyltetradecyl alcohol ester exchange drainage oil into a stirring kettle, and stirring for 55min at room temperature; and (3) heating to 75 ℃, adding 2g of 2-hexyldecylalcohol esterification maleic anhydride waste, 1g of 2-decyldodecyl alcohol esterification maleic anhydride waste and 2g of 2-decyltetradecyl alcohol esterification maleic anhydride waste, and stirring for 55min to obtain the lubricating oil composition VII. The performance indexes are shown in table 1.
Figure 708641DEST_PATH_IMAGE002

Claims (1)

1. The method for preparing the lubricating oil composition by using the regenerated waste mineral oil is prepared by the following raw materials and processes:
raw materials: 82.0-92.0% of regenerated waste mineral oil, 4.0-8.0% of ester exchange swill-cooked dirty oil and 4.0-8.0% of esterified maleic anhydride waste material in percentage by mass;
the preparation process comprises the following steps: adding the regenerated waste mineral oil and the ester exchange waste oil into a stirring kettle, stirring for 10-60 min at normal temperature, heating to 40-80 ℃, adding the esterified maleic anhydride waste, and continuously stirring for 10-30 min to obtain the lubricating oil composition;
the regenerated waste mineral oil is waste automobile engine lubricating oil; the ester exchange illegal cooking oil is at least one of 2-hexyldecylalcohol ester exchange illegal cooking oil, 2-octyldodecylmercaptoethane ester exchange illegal cooking oil and 2-decyltetradecylalkylmercaptoethane ester exchange illegal cooking oil;
the esterified maleic anhydride waste material is at least one of 2-hexyldecyl alcohol esterified maleic anhydride waste material, 2-octyldodecyl alcohol esterified maleic anhydride waste material and 2-decyltetradecyl alcohol esterified maleic anhydride waste material.
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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1590361A (en) * 2003-07-29 2005-03-09 罗姆和哈斯公司 Methods, systems and catalysts for esterification, esters made thereby and downstream products made from the esters
CN104694233A (en) * 2015-01-28 2015-06-10 新疆福克油品股份有限公司 Antiwear hydraulic oil composition produced from reclaimed oil
CN104711126A (en) * 2015-02-13 2015-06-17 新疆福克油品股份有限公司 High-quality utilization method for waste oil
CN108517237A (en) * 2018-03-31 2018-09-11 路宝特（南京）环保科技有限公司 A method of producing Environmental Protection Cutting Fluid using gutter oil

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5058934B2 (en) * 2008-10-06 2012-10-24 有限会社 斎明 Method for regenerating waste cooking oil and cutting oil obtained thereby

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1590361A (en) * 2003-07-29 2005-03-09 罗姆和哈斯公司 Methods, systems and catalysts for esterification, esters made thereby and downstream products made from the esters
CN104694233A (en) * 2015-01-28 2015-06-10 新疆福克油品股份有限公司 Antiwear hydraulic oil composition produced from reclaimed oil
CN104711126A (en) * 2015-02-13 2015-06-17 新疆福克油品股份有限公司 High-quality utilization method for waste oil
CN108517237A (en) * 2018-03-31 2018-09-11 路宝特（南京）环保科技有限公司 A method of producing Environmental Protection Cutting Fluid using gutter oil

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