CN109434141B - Rotor assembly of electric spindle and permanent magnet synchronous electric spindle - Google Patents
Rotor assembly of electric spindle and permanent magnet synchronous electric spindle Download PDFInfo
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- CN109434141B CN109434141B CN201811440351.9A CN201811440351A CN109434141B CN 109434141 B CN109434141 B CN 109434141B CN 201811440351 A CN201811440351 A CN 201811440351A CN 109434141 B CN109434141 B CN 109434141B
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- cutter
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 55
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 25
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
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- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/12—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine
- B23Q11/126—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine for cooling only
- B23Q11/127—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine for cooling only for cooling motors or spindles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
Abstract
The invention discloses a rotor component of an electric spindle, which comprises a hollow rotor core, wherein a hollow pull rod is penetrated in the rotor core, the front end of the pull rod is provided with a plurality of side holes distributed along the circumferential direction, the side holes are communicated with an internal channel of the pull rod, a plurality of L-shaped holes distributed along the circumferential direction are formed in the side wall of the rotor core, each L-shaped hole comprises a transverse hole and a longitudinal hole, the transverse holes are in one-to-one correspondence with the side holes, the longitudinal holes extend to the front end surface of the rotor core, the front end of the rotor core is used for installing a cutter handle, the internal channel of the pull rod is used for accessing compressed air, and when the pull rod moves forwards, the side holes are aligned with the transverse holes so that the internal channel of the pull rod is communicated with the L-shaped holes, and the compressed air in the pull rod is blown to the end surface of a cutter handle through the side holes, the transverse holes and the longitudinal holes. The invention can improve the dustproof and iron slag-proof performances of the cutter, is beneficial to improving the precision of the cutter and can prolong the service life of the cutter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electric spindle, in particular to a rotor assembly of the electric spindle and a permanent magnet synchronous electric spindle.
Background
In the use process of the electric spindle in the prior art, the interface end face of a rotor component of the electric spindle is a single plane, during working, as the dustproof and iron slag-proof performances of a machine tool cutter are not very excellent, the condition of polluting the interface surface of a cutter handle exists, the precision of a spindle cutter is reduced, most of existing electric spindle built-in motors are asynchronous motors, the built-in cast aluminum rotors of the asynchronous motors are easy to generate uneven compactness of aluminum strips due to the defects of the cast aluminum process, the motor is easy to shake during operation, the stability of physical related parameters is poor, the directional rigidity of the spindle is weak, the precision of the operation speed is poor, and when the spindle is re-cut by using a large cutter at a low speed, the speed shakes, so that the machining efficiency, the surface finish, the precision and the service life of a workpiece cannot be further improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of providing the rotor assembly of the electric spindle and the permanent magnet synchronous electric spindle, which can improve the dustproof and iron slag preventing performances of a cutter, are beneficial to improving the precision of the cutter and can prolong the service life of the cutter, aiming at the defects of the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The utility model provides a rotor subassembly of electricity main shaft, its includes hollow rotor core, wear to be equipped with hollow pull rod in the rotor core, the pull rod front end is equipped with a plurality of side openings of distributing along circumference, the side opening with the inside passageway of pull rod is linked together, offer a plurality of L shape holes of distributing along circumference in the lateral wall of rotor core, L shape hole is including horizontal hole and longitudinal bore, horizontal hole with the side opening one-to-one, the longitudinal bore extends to the front end terminal surface of rotor core, the front end of rotor core is used for installing the handle of a knife, the inside passageway of pull rod is used for inserting compressed air, and this compressed air is by the front end of pull rod is blown to the rear end of handle of a knife, again by the outside blowout in the periphery of handle of a knife, when the pull rod moves backward, the side opening with horizontal hole is staggered, so that the inside passageway of pull rod with the junction in L shape hole is closed, when the lateral hole is moved forward, so that the inside passageway of pull rod with horizontal hole is with the side opening is mutually connected with L shape hole, the longitudinal end terminal surface of a side hole and the compressed air is blown to the inside hole of handle of a knife through the hole.
Preferably, front end connecting rods and supporting rods are sequentially arranged between the pull rods and the tool handles from back to front, the front end connecting rods and the supporting rods are hollow, the rear ends of the front end connecting rods are fixedly connected with the pull rods, the front ends of the front end connecting rods are inserted into the supporting rods and are fixedly connected with the supporting rods, and the side holes penetrate through the side walls of the front end connecting rods.
Preferably, a plurality of bosses are formed on the front end face of the rotor core, the bosses are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor core, the bosses are in one-to-one correspondence with the L-shaped holes, and the front end openings of the longitudinal holes are positioned on the surfaces of the bosses.
Preferably, the rotor core is sleeved with an iron core sleeve, a front balance ring and a rear balance ring, the front balance ring and the rear balance ring are respectively and fixedly connected with the rotor core, and the iron core sleeve is clamped between the front balance ring and the rear balance ring.
Preferably, 4 arc grooves are formed in the side wall of the iron core sleeve, the 4 arc grooves are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the iron core sleeve, oblique grooves are formed in two sides of each arc groove respectively, the arc grooves and the oblique grooves penetrate through the front end and the rear end of the iron core sleeve, the arc grooves are close to the outer side wall of the iron core sleeve, the two oblique grooves are distributed in the two sides of the arc grooves in an eight shape, and permanent magnets are inserted in the arc grooves and the oblique grooves.
Preferably, a rectangular groove is formed between two adjacent oblique grooves.
The permanent magnet synchronous motorized spindle comprises a steel cylinder, wherein a stator assembly is fixed in the steel cylinder, and a rotor assembly is arranged in the stator assembly in a penetrating manner.
In the rotor component of the electric spindle disclosed by the invention, the rear end of the pull rod is used for being connected with compressed air, when the electric spindle loosens a cutter, the pull rod pushes the cutter handle forwards, at the moment, the side hole is aligned with the transverse hole, at the moment, the pull rod, the side hole, the transverse hole and the longitudinal hole are sequentially communicated, so that air flow can be blown to the end face of the cutter handle, further pollutants such as dust on the end face of the cutter handle are removed, when the electric spindle pulls the cutter handle, the pull rod pulls the cutter handle backwards, at the moment, the side hole is staggered with the transverse hole, and a channel between the pull rod and the L-shaped hole is closed. Based on the process, the invention greatly improves the dustproof and iron slag-proof performances of the cutter, not only is beneficial to improving the precision of the cutter, but also can prolong the service life of the cutter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an motorized spindle of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a connecting rod;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a sliding sleeve;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a sliding sleeve;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a U-shaped seal ring;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a U-shaped seal ring;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an inner cooling tube;
FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the front end of the motorized spindle;
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a dust collar;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a front bearing housing;
FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a front bearing housing;
FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a dust cap;
FIG. 13 is a block diagram of a stator assembly;
FIG. 14 is a side view of the stator assembly;
FIG. 15 is a side view of the rotor assembly;
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor assembly;
FIG. 17 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 16;
fig. 18 is a front end face structure view of the rotor core;
FIG. 19 is an exploded view of the rotor assembly;
fig. 20 is a perspective view of the core sleeve;
fig. 21 is an end face structure view of the core sleeve;
FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship of a rectangular slot and a permanent magnet;
FIG. 23 is a partial cross-sectional view of the rear end of the motorized spindle;
FIG. 24 is a perspective view of a cylinder floor;
FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view of the cylinder floor;
FIG. 26 is a perspective view of the cylinder;
FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional view of the cylinder;
FIG. 28 is a block diagram of a piston and piston rod;
fig. 29 is a structural view of the cylinder head.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a rotor assembly of an electric spindle, as shown in fig. 1 and 15-22, the rotor assembly comprises a hollow rotor core 50, a hollow pull rod 6 is penetrated in the rotor core 50, a plurality of side holes 66 distributed along the circumferential direction are formed in the front end of the pull rod 6, the side holes 66 are communicated with an internal channel of the pull rod 6, a plurality of L-shaped holes 51 distributed along the circumferential direction are formed in the side wall of the rotor core 50, the L-shaped holes 51 comprise transverse holes 52 and longitudinal holes 53, the transverse holes 52 are in one-to-one correspondence with the side holes 66, the longitudinal holes 53 extend to the front end face of the rotor core 50, the front end of the rotor core 50 is used for installing a cutter handle 7, an internal channel of the pull rod 6 is used for connecting compressed air, the compressed air is blown out from the front end of the pull rod 6 to the rear end of the cutter handle 7, when the pull rod 6 moves backwards, the side holes 66 are staggered with the transverse holes 52, so that the internal channel of the pull rod 6 is in line with the transverse holes 52, and the transverse holes 52 are sequentially connected with the longitudinal holes 53 when the internal channel of the pull rod 6 is closed.
In the rotor assembly 5 of the electric spindle, the rear end of the pull rod 6 is used for being connected with compressed air, when the electric spindle loosens the cutter, the pull rod 6 pushes the cutter handle forwards, at the moment, the side hole 66 is aligned with the transverse hole 52, at the moment, the pull rod 6, the side hole 66, the transverse hole 52 and the longitudinal hole 53 are sequentially communicated, so that air flow can be blown to the end face of the cutter handle 7, and pollutants such as dust on the end face of the cutter handle 7 are removed, when the electric spindle pulls the cutter handle backwards, at the moment, the side hole 66 is staggered with the transverse hole 52, and a channel between the pull rod 6 and the L-shaped hole 51 is closed. Based on the process, the invention greatly improves the dustproof and iron slag-proof performances of the cutter, not only is beneficial to improving the precision of the cutter, but also can prolong the service life of the cutter.
Regarding the preferred position of the side hole 66, further, a front end connecting rod 60 and a supporting rod 61 are sequentially arranged between the pull rod 6 and the handle 7 from back to front, the front end connecting rod 60 and the supporting rod 61 are hollow, the rear end of the front end connecting rod 60 is fixedly connected with the pull rod 6, the front end of the front end connecting rod 60 is inserted into the supporting rod 61 and fixedly connected with the supporting rod 61, and the side hole 66 penetrates through the side wall of the front end connecting rod 60.
As a preferred manner, the front end surface of the rotor core 50 is formed with a plurality of bosses 54, the plurality of bosses 54 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor core 50, the bosses 54 are in one-to-one correspondence with the L-shaped holes 51, and the front openings of the longitudinal holes 53 are located on the surface of the bosses 54. The boss 54 has the function of ensuring that a certain gap is formed between the front end of the rotor core 50 and the end face of the tool handle 7, particularly, the position between the two bosses 54, and pollutant can be blown away even if no air hole is arranged, so that the dust and sundries removal effect is better.
Regarding the specific structure of the rotor core 50, in this embodiment, an iron core sleeve 55, a front balancing ring 56 and a rear balancing ring 57 are sleeved on the rotor core 50, the front balancing ring 56 and the rear balancing ring 57 are respectively fixedly connected with the rotor core 50, and the iron core sleeve 55 is clamped between the front balancing ring 56 and the rear balancing ring 57.
As a preferred mode, 4 arc grooves 550,4 are formed in the side wall of the core sleeve 55, the arc grooves 550 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the core sleeve 55, oblique grooves 551 are formed in two sides of each arc groove 550, the arc grooves 550 and the oblique grooves 551 penetrate through front and rear ends of the core sleeve 55, the arc grooves 550 are close to the outer side wall of the core sleeve 55, the two oblique grooves 551 are distributed in the two sides of the arc grooves 550 in an eight shape, and permanent magnets 58 are inserted in the arc grooves 550 and the oblique grooves 551. Further, a rectangular groove 552 is formed between two adjacent oblique grooves 551.
In the structure, 2 pairs of north-south magnetic poles are formed after the permanent magnets are assembled, an arch structure is formed after the permanent magnets are uniformly distributed, a W-shaped structure with raised middle is formed, the structure can maximize the area of the magnetic poles in a limited space, the magnetic flux of outwards radiating magnetic poles is ensured to be maximized, secondly, a rectangular groove in the middle of the north-south magnetic poles separates a magnetic induction line closed loop of the south magnetic poles to form a magnetic bridge, the distance between the outer arc of the arc-shaped groove and the inner arc is larger than the width of the rectangular groove, the distance ratio between the circumference of the outer arc and the outer arc of the arc-shaped groove to the outer circle of the iron core sleeve is 10:1, and the sum of the circumference of the outer arc and the lengths of the rectangular grooves on two sides is 0.9:1 to 1.15:1 in the same magnetic pole.
The embodiment also discloses a permanent magnet synchronous motorized spindle, which comprises a steel cylinder 1, wherein a stator assembly 4 is fixed in the steel cylinder 1, and a rotor assembly 5 with the structure is arranged in the stator assembly 4 in a penetrating manner.
Example two
The embodiment provides an concealed permanent magnet synchronous motorized spindle, which is shown in fig. 1 to 12, and comprises a steel cylinder 1, wherein the front end of the steel cylinder 1 is provided with a front bearing assembly 2, the rear end of the steel cylinder 1 is provided with a rear bearing assembly 3, a stator assembly 4 is fixed in the steel cylinder 1, a hollow rotor assembly 5 is penetrated in the stator assembly 4, the front end and the rear end of the rotor assembly 5 respectively penetrate through the front bearing assembly 2 and the rear bearing assembly 3, a hollow pull rod 6 is penetrated in the rotor assembly 5, the front end of the rotor assembly 5 is used for installing a hollow cutter handle 7, the front end of the pull rod 6 is connected with the cutter handle 7, the inner channels of the cutter handle 7 and the cutter handle 7 are mutually communicated, the rear end of the steel cylinder 1 is fixedly provided with a back cover 8, the rear end of the rotor assembly 5 extends into the back cover 8, the rear end of the back cover 8 is provided with an oil cylinder assembly 9, the oil cylinder assembly 9 comprises a hollow piston rod 90, the rear end of the pull rod 6 penetrates through the front end of the rotor assembly 90, the oil cylinder assembly 9 is provided with a rotary joint 10, the rear end of the oil cylinder assembly 10 is provided with a rotary joint 10, the piston rod 10 penetrates through the inner side of the rotary joint 11 or the rotary joint 11, and the inner side of the rotary joint 11 is provided with a cooling fluid inlet and the inner side of the rotary joint 11, or the inner side of the rotary joint is provided with a cooling fluid inlet and the rotary joint 11, and the inner side of the rotary joint is communicated with the inner side of the rotary joint 11, and the inner side of the compression joint is provided with the compression joint, and the inner side of the compression joint end is provided with the compression joint.
In the concealed permanent magnet synchronous motorized spindle, the rotary joint 11, the pull rod 6 and the tool handle 7 are sequentially communicated from top to bottom, the rotary joint 11 can be connected with compressed air and cooling liquid, when the rotary joint is connected with the compressed air, tool unloading air flow and dust blowing air flow can be provided for tools on the tool handle 7, and when the rotary joint is connected with the cooling liquid, the cooling liquid can be utilized to directly cool the tools.
In practical application, the inlet of the rotary joint 11 may be connected with an air source or a coolant pump at the same time, and when in operation, only compressed air or coolant is selectively input.
Regarding the connection relationship between the rotary joint 11 and the pull rod 6, in this embodiment, a rear cover 13 is fixed between the cylinder assembly 9 and the rotary joint seat 10, a hollow connecting rod 14 is disposed in the rear cover 13, two ends of the connecting rod 14 are respectively connected to the rotary joint 11 and the pull rod 6, and the gas-liquid hole 12, the internal channel of the connecting rod 14 and the internal channel of the pull rod 6 are sequentially communicated.
In the process of broaching, the piston rod 90 moves backwards under the drive of the oil cylinder assembly 9, so that the front end of the piston rod 90 is separated from the pull rod 6, the piston rod 90 is prevented from rotating along with the pull rod 6, and at the moment, the pull rod 6 is driven to pull backwards by means of a disc spring assembly sleeved on the pull rod 6, so that a cutter on the cutter handle 7 is tensioned.
Further, the front end of the connecting rod 14 is inserted into the rear end of the pull rod 6, an octagonal insertion portion 140 is formed at the rear end of the connecting rod 14, an octagonal insertion hole is formed at the front end of the rotary joint 11, and the octagonal insertion portion 140 is inserted into the octagonal insertion hole and is tightly matched with the octagonal insertion hole. The splicing structure is not only beneficial to disassembly and assembly, but also can ensure linkage rotation.
Regarding the front end of the motorized spindle, in this embodiment, a front end connecting rod 60, a stay rod 61 and an inner cooling tube 62 are sequentially disposed between the pull rod 6 and the handle 7 from back to front, the front end connecting rod 60, the stay rod 61 and the inner cooling tube 62 are hollow, the rear end of the front end connecting rod 60 is fixedly connected with the pull rod 6, the front end of the front end connecting rod 60 and the rear end of the inner cooling tube 62 are respectively inserted into the stay rod 61, the front end connecting rod 60 is fixedly connected with the stay rod 61, the inner cooling tube 62 is slidably connected with the stay rod 61, and the inner channel of the inner cooling tube 62 is mutually communicated with the inner channel of the handle 7, and when the pull rod 6 drives the front end connecting rod 60 and the stay rod 61 to move forward, the front end connecting rod 60 is abutted to the rear end of the inner cooling tube 62 and is communicated with the rear end of the inner cooling tube 62.
In order to achieve the fixed connection, a hollow base screw 63 is fixed at the front end of the front end connecting rod 60, and the base screw 63 is screwed with the inner wall of the stay rod 61.
As a preferable mode, a sliding sleeve 64 and a U-shaped sealing ring 65 are fixed in the front end opening of the stay bar 61, the U-shaped sealing ring 65 is located at the rear end of the sliding sleeve 64, the U-shaped sealing ring 65 is abutted between the sliding sleeve 64 and the inner wall of the stay bar 61, and the inner cooling tube 62 sequentially passes through the sliding sleeve 64 and the U-shaped sealing ring 65.
Further, a first tapered opening 640 is formed at the front end of the sliding sleeve 64, and a second tapered opening 650 is formed at the front end of the U-shaped sealing ring 65. The two-cone opening described above facilitates quick and accurate insertion of the inner cooling tube 62.
In this embodiment, the front bearing assembly 2 includes a front bearing housing 20, a front bearing seat 21, and a front bearing 22, the front bearing housing 20 is fixedly connected with the front end portion of the steel cylinder 1, the front bearing seat 21 is located inside the front bearing housing 20, and the front bearing 22 is sandwiched between the front bearing seat 21 and the rotor assembly 5.
Further, a dust-proof ring 23 is fixed on the front end surface of the front bearing housing 20, a dust-proof cover 24 is fixed on the front end of the rotor assembly 5, and a gap is arranged between the dust-proof ring 23 and the dust-proof cover 24.
In practical application, the front end of the dust cover 24 is formed with a step portion 240, the step portion 240 extends outwards to the front of the dust ring 23, the dust ring 23 is provided with a displacement sensor 25, and the sensing end of the displacement sensor 25 faces the step portion 240. Under the action of the displacement sensor 25, the thermal expansion and contraction states of the dust cover 24 and the rotor assembly 5 are detected, so that expansion and contraction thermal compensation treatment of the electric spindle is facilitated.
Example III
At present, an electric spindle needs to be internally provided with a motor stator assembly, and is generally and directly assembled on a spindle steel cylinder, a cooling channel inside the steel cylinder is used for cooling the motor stator assembly or a water cooling jacket with a spiral cooling loop is arranged outside the stator assembly, the cooling capacity is insufficient, the S-shaped vertical cooling loop enables the spindle steel cylinder to present a temperature gradient along the circumferential direction, the S-shaped vertical cooling loop presents a larger temperature gradient at the front end and the rear end (namely the axial direction) of the stator, and under the condition of limiting the external dimension, the spiral cooling loop cannot be used for improving the flow of cooling liquid, and the cooling rate cannot be further improved.
In this regard, this embodiment proposes a stator assembly 4 of a permanent magnet synchronous electric spindle, please refer to fig. 1, 13 and 14, which includes a stator core 40, a cooling jacket 42 is disposed on the outer side of the stator core 40, a plurality of annular grooves 43 are disposed on the outer side wall of the cooling jacket 42, two adjacent annular grooves 43 are communicated through straight grooves 44, two adjacent straight grooves 44 are alternately disposed on the left and right sides of the stator core 40, and by means of cooperation of the straight grooves 44 and the annular grooves 43, the cooling liquid introduced by the straight grooves 44 flows toward both sides of the annular grooves 43.
In the stator assembly 4, the cooling liquid flows into the annular groove 43 at one end of the stator core 40 from the steel cylinder of the electric spindle, then is divided into a positive direction and a negative direction by the straight grooves 44, and passes through the next annular groove 43, and because the plurality of straight grooves 44 are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the stator core 40, and the adjacent two straight grooves 44 are arranged in a staggered manner, the cooling liquid sequentially passes through each annular groove 43 in a normal mode, finally reaches the annular groove at the tail end and flows back into the steel cylinder of the electric spindle.
Regarding the specific structure of the stator assembly 4, in this embodiment, the stator winding 41 is embedded in the inner wall of the stator core 40.
Further, the cooling jacket 42 is a steel jacket.
Preferably, the cooling jacket 42 is sleeved outside the stator core 40, and a heat-conducting medium 45 is filled between the cooling jacket 42 and the stator core 40.
Further, the heat-conducting medium 45 is epoxy resin.
On this basis, the embodiment also discloses a permanent magnet synchronous electric spindle, please refer to fig. 1, 13 and 14, which comprises a steel cylinder 1, wherein the stator assembly 4 is fixed in the steel cylinder 1.
Wherein, a liquid inlet channel and a liquid outlet channel are arranged in the side wall of the steel cylinder 1, and annular grooves 43 positioned at the upper end and the lower end of the cooling sleeve 42 are respectively communicated with the liquid inlet channel and the liquid outlet channel.
Example IV
In the working process of the electric spindle, with the driving action of the oil cylinder, a pull rod in the spindle can generate actions of forward tool loosening and backward tool loosening, in the tool loosening process, particularly in the direct-connection BT40 mechanical spindle, the hydraulic tool loosening mechanism directly loads the tool loosening stress on a spindle bearing when the spindle is in tool loosening, and in such a case, the service life of the spindle bearing can be influenced, so that the precision of the spindle is reduced.
In this regard, this embodiment proposes a floating cutter loosening mechanism of a permanent magnet synchronous electric spindle, as shown in fig. 1, 23 to 29, which includes a back cover 8, a hollow rotor core 50, an oil cylinder assembly 9, a nozzle 80 and an air tap, wherein the rear end of the rotor core 50 is located in the back cover 8, a limiting disc 500 is fixed at the rear end of the rotor core 50, the limiting disc 500 protrudes towards the outer side of the rotor core 50, a pull rod 6 is penetrated in the rotor core 50, the oil cylinder assembly 9 includes a piston 91, an annular oil cylinder bottom plate 92, an oil cylinder 93, an oil cylinder sleeve 94 and an oil cylinder cover 95, the oil cylinder sleeve 94 is fixedly connected with the back cover 8, the oil cylinder 93 is located in the back cover 8, the oil cylinder 93 is slidably connected with the back cover 8 and sealed therebetween, the oil cylinder bottom plate 92 surrounds the rotor core 50, the cylinder bottom plate 92 is fixedly connected with the cylinder 93, the inner ring end of the cylinder bottom plate 92 is recessed inwards to form an inner step ring 920, the inner step ring 920 is opposite to the front end surface of the limit plate 500, a gap is formed between the inner step ring 920 and the front end surface of the limit plate 500, an inward bent inner edge 930 is formed at the front end of the cylinder 93, a gap is formed between the front end surface of the inner edge 930 and the rear end surface of the limit plate 500, the piston 91 is positioned in the cylinder 93 and is in sliding connection with the two, a piston rod 90 is formed at the center of the piston 91, the piston rod 90 sequentially passes through the inner edge 930 and the limit plate 500, the front end of the piston rod 90 is abutted to the rear end of the pull rod 6, the cylinder cover 95 covers the rear end of the cylinder 93 and is fixedly connected with the two, the oil nozzle 80 is communicated with a cavity at the rear side of the piston 91, the air tap is communicated with the cavity at the front side of the piston 91.
When the hydraulic oil is connected to the oil nozzle 80, the piston 91 and the piston rod 90 are driven to slide forwards by the pressure exerted by the hydraulic oil to reach the end surface of the pull rod 6, the oil cylinder assembly is driven to move backwards by the disc spring on the pull rod assembly (namely, the floating oil cylinder principle) until the inner step ring 920 of the oil cylinder bottom plate 92 abuts against the front end surface of the limiting disc 500, the oil cylinder assembly is limited to move backwards, at the moment, a positive reaction force is formed inside the oil cylinder assembly, namely, the forward acting force of the piston rod 90 and the backward acting force of the oil cylinder bottom plate, and the piston 91 is driven to move forwards continuously by the fact that the piston 91 is not limited, so that the spindle pull rod 6 is driven to perform a cutter loosening action.
In the floating cutter loosening mechanism of the permanent magnet synchronous electric spindle, the oil cylinder 93 and the oil cylinder sleeve 94 are arranged to be in a sliding connection structure, meanwhile, the rear end of the rotor core 50 is provided with the limiting disc 500, the inner step ring 920 of the oil cylinder bottom plate 92 is positioned in front of the limiting disc 500, the inner edge 930 of the oil cylinder 93 is arranged at the rear side of the limiting disc 500, hydraulic oil is loaded into the oil cylinder 93 to drive the piston 91, the piston rod 90 and the pull rod 6 to slide forwards, and then cutter loosening action is realized, in the process, the piston 91 moves forwards to force the oil cylinder bottom plate 92 of the oil cylinder assembly to displace in the opposite direction, so that the inner step ring 920 of the oil cylinder bottom plate 92 is abutted against the front end face of the limiting disc 500, and at the moment, the thrust exerted by the piston rod 90 is transferred onto the oil cylinder bottom plate 92 of the oil cylinder assembly itself through the limiting disc 500, so that the cutter loosening stress is prevented from being loaded on the front end bearing, the spindle precision is improved, and the service life of the bearing is prolonged.
In order to realize the conduction of hydraulic oil, in this embodiment, an annular oil groove 931 with a preset width is formed in an outer side wall of the oil cylinder 93, an oil hole 932 is formed in a side wall of the oil cylinder 93, the oil hole 932 communicates the annular oil groove 931 with an internal cavity of the oil cylinder 93, the oil cylinder sleeve 94 covers the annular oil groove 931, and the oil nozzle 80 communicates with the annular oil groove 931.
Further, the nipple 80 is fixed to the back cover 8, and the cylinder liner 94 is communicated with the annular oil groove 931 through an oil guide channel 81 penetrating the back cover 8 and the cylinder liner 94. Wherein the width of the annular oil groove 931 is larger than the end opening of the oil guide passage 81, the range of the width of the annular oil groove 931 should be set such that the end opening of the oil guide passage 81 should be within the coverage of the annular oil groove 931 regardless of whether the oil cylinder 93 slides forward or backward during the spindle unclamping and broaching.
Preferably, the oil cylinder cover 95 is provided with a clearance recess 950, and the clearance recess 950 is aligned with the oil hole 932.
On the basis, the embodiment also discloses a permanent magnet synchronous electric spindle, which is shown in fig. 1 and 23-29 and comprises the floating cutter loosening mechanism.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and modifications, equivalent substitutions or improvements made within the technical scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The rotor assembly of the electric spindle is characterized by comprising a hollow rotor core (50), wherein a hollow pull rod (6) is penetrated in the rotor core (50), a plurality of side holes (66) distributed along the circumferential direction are formed in the front end of the pull rod (6), the side holes (66) are communicated with the internal channels of the pull rod (6), a plurality of L-shaped holes (51) distributed along the circumferential direction are formed in the side wall of the rotor core (50), the L-shaped holes (51) comprise transverse holes (52) and longitudinal holes (53), the transverse holes (52) are in one-to-one correspondence with the side holes (66), the longitudinal holes (53) extend to the front end face of the rotor core (50), the front end of the rotor core (50) is used for installing a cutter handle (7), the internal channels of the pull rod (6) are used for accessing compressed air, the compressed air is blown to the rear ends of the cutter handle (7) by the front ends, the periphery of the cutter handle (7) is further outwards, when the cutter handle (6) is in a staggered mode, the transverse holes (66) are staggered with the transverse holes (52) when the cutter handle (6) are in a staggered mode, and the transverse holes (52) are closed when the cutter handle (6) are in a staggered mode, so that the internal channel of the pull rod (6) is communicated with the L-shaped hole (51), and compressed air in the pull rod (6) is blown to the end face of the knife handle (7) through the side hole (66), the transverse hole (52) and the longitudinal hole (53) in sequence; front-end connecting rods (60) and supporting rods (61) are sequentially arranged between the pull rods (6) and the tool handles (7) from back to front, the front-end connecting rods (60) and the supporting rods (61) are hollow, the rear ends of the front-end connecting rods (60) are fixedly connected with the pull rods (6), the front ends of the front-end connecting rods (60) are inserted into the supporting rods (61) and are fixedly connected with the supporting rods, and the side holes (66) penetrate through the side walls of the front-end connecting rods (60); an iron core sleeve (55), a front balance ring (56) and a rear balance ring (57) are sleeved on the rotor core (50), the front balance ring (56) and the rear balance ring (57) are fixedly connected with the rotor core (50) respectively, and the iron core sleeve (55) is clamped between the front balance ring (56) and the rear balance ring (57); 4 arc grooves (550) are formed in the side wall of the iron core sleeve (55), the 4 arc grooves (550) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the iron core sleeve (55), oblique grooves (551) are formed in the two sides of each arc groove (550) respectively, the arc grooves (550) and the oblique grooves (551) penetrate through the front end and the rear end of the iron core sleeve (55), the arc grooves (550) are close to the outer side wall of the iron core sleeve (55), the two oblique grooves (551) are distributed on the two sides of the arc grooves (550) in an eight shape, and permanent magnets (58) are inserted in the arc grooves (550) and the oblique grooves (551); rectangular grooves (552) are formed between two adjacent oblique grooves (551).
2. The electric spindle rotor assembly as recited in claim 1, characterized in that the front end face of the rotor core (50) is formed with a plurality of bosses (54), the plurality of bosses (54) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor core (50), the bosses (54) are in one-to-one correspondence with the L-shaped holes (51), and the front end openings of the longitudinal holes (53) are located on the surface of the bosses (54).
3. A permanent magnet synchronous electric spindle, which is characterized by comprising a steel cylinder (1), wherein a stator assembly (4) is fixed in the steel cylinder (1), and the rotor assembly as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2 is penetrated in the stator assembly (4).
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| CN110281061A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-09-27 | 深圳市爱贝科精密机械有限公司 | A kind of claw pulling mechanism for center air-out type electro spindle |
| CN110549149A (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2019-12-10 | 深圳市爱贝科精密机械有限公司 | Floating type knife forging device and method for main shaft |
| CN110492639A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-11-22 | 深圳市爱贝科精密机械有限公司 | A kind of rotor mechanism of permanent magnetism electro spindle |
| CN110586967A (en) * | 2019-09-28 | 2019-12-20 | 深圳市爱贝科精密机械有限公司 | Main shaft nose end structure capable of being used for deep cavity machining and main shaft |
| CN110919030A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-03-27 | 深圳市爱贝科精密机械有限公司 | Belt main shaft with front end air seal |
| CN111230552A (en) * | 2020-01-30 | 2020-06-05 | 深圳市爱贝科精密机械有限公司 | Dirty main shaft handle of a knife clamping mechanism is hidden to terminal surface |
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