CN109422540A - A kind of preparation method of pantograph carbon slide carbon item - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of pantograph carbon slide carbon item Download PDFInfo
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- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of high-speed rail pantograph carbon slide carbon item, comprising: pantograph carbon slide is carried out kneading processing with carbon raw material, mixture is made；Compression process mixture obtains base at the beginning of carbon slipper carbon item；Base at the beginning of carbon item is subjected to extrusion forming processing, carbon slipper carbon bar base is made；By carrying out calcination process with carbon bar base to the carbon slipper, pantograph carbon slide carbon item is made.Contain graphene in the raw material of the pantograph carbon slide carbon item of the method for the present invention preparation, so that the resistivity of the carbon item of preparation is low, conductive capability is strong, and intensity is high, long service life, and the carbon slipper carbon item of the method for the present invention preparation meets carbon slipper afflux, drainage requires；Impact flexibility is good, adapts to the hard spot impact of contact net lines, avoids unnecessary carbon slipper large area chip off-falling phenomenon；Flexural strength is good, meets the mechanical property requirements of high-speed rail high-speed cruising.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of pantograph carbon slide carbon item more particularly to a kind of high-speed railway electric power machines
The preparation method of vehicle pantograph carbon slide carbon item, belongs to electric locomotive technical field.
Background technique
Electric locomotive is to obtain electric energy from contact net, the locomotive driven with traction electric machine.With the development of electric railway,
Electric locomotive has also obtained development at full speed, from direct current generator locomotive to AC transmission electric power locomotive.The big function of First in 1979
Rate AC drive locomotive is born in Germany, has attracted new era of the development of electric locomotive.It is higher in order to obtain big transport power
The power of speed, electric locomotive is increasing.Chinese first electrified circuit Baoji is built up to phoenix state line within 1961, electric power machine
The power of vehicle develops to 6400kw, 9600kw till now from 4740kw.China railways main line using 25kv, 50hz's
Contact net power supply mode.Power is the motor locomotive of 9600kw, and the efficiency of electric locomotive AC Drive motor is 80%-85%,
It needs to obtain 480A electric current from contact net, if considering further that certain overload capacity, the 1000A electric current that needs to obtain.
Electric locomotive is flowed by pantograph carbon slide from contact net, is transmitted to other on AC Drive motor and locomotive
Electrical equipment, then by grounding carbon brush, it is directed to the earth, to be formed into a loop.Pantograph carbon slide carbon item has superior
Wearability, and to the abrasion very little of contact net, there is preferable electric conductivity, to widely be used.But with locomotive
The increase of power, as previously mentioned, the electric current flowed is increasing, pure carbon slipper is no longer satisfied requirement, it would be desirable to be able to which carrying is bigger
The material of current density, the carbon slipper for the impregnating metal that has thus been born.It is by the method for pure carbon carbon impregnating metal, to reduce
Its resistivity improves its current density for allowing to carry.
The electrification of railway and high speed are the trend of current world's Transportation Development.With the quick hair of China's economic
Exhibition, Chinese railway electrification construction also enters a brand-new developing period, while also proposing to Pantograph-OCS system higher
Requirement.Pantograph-OCS system is the major impetus source of electric train operation, it is mainly by contact net and pantograph two parts structure
At contact net lines mostly use greatly fine copper or Cu alloy material, and import the slide plate material of electric energy from contact net lines as electric locomotive
Material, development experience one overflows long and complex process.In the research and application aspect of pantograph pan, material is mainly passed through
The development processes such as pure metal slide plate, powder shaped charge liner, pure carbon slipper, metal-impregnated carbon slide are gone through.The wherein carbon of impregnating metal
Slide plate is that a large amount of holes present in carbon substrate are filled up metal, forms practical solidifying body, and the hole on previous carbon item is all
Self-assembling formation in carbon production process, these holes are dispersed in carbon item in dotted, are also into so as to cause the metal of dipping
It is dotted to be dispersed in carbon item, it can not achieve the effect that the resistivity of best reduction carbon item.
Although its resistivity of existing carbon slipper reduces, its current density for allowing to carry is improved, carbon slipper rushes
Hit poor toughness, carbon slipper solution large area chip off-falling；And hardness and wearability are poor, cause the service life of carbon slipper short.It is existing
The carbon slipper impact flexibility for having method to prepare is poor, under the hard spot impact of contact net lines, is easy to appear and carbon slipper occurs
Block phenomenon, or even will appear the chip off-falling of larger area, especially carbon slipper high-speed cruising more very, it is especially high to influence electric motor car
The operation of iron.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is the defects for technology existing for preparation method of the existing pantograph carbon slide with carbon item, mention
For a kind of preparation method of pantograph carbon slide carbon item used for high-speed railway, by controlling the dosage of graphene inside carbon item and dividing
Cloth can obtain lower resistivity, allow to improve the impact flexibility and intensity of carbon slipper by bigger electric current, improve
The reliability and wearability of carbon slipper, and extend the service life of carbon item, improve high-speed rail operation stability.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of high-speed rail pantograph carbon slide carbon item, comprising:
1) kneading processing is carried out with carbon raw material to pantograph carbon slide, mixed material is made；
2) compression process is carried out to the mixed material, carbon slipper base at the beginning of carbon item is made；
3) carbon slipper base at the beginning of carbon item is placed in extruder, carries out extrusion forming processing, carbon slipper carbon bar base is made；
4) by carrying out calcination process with carbon bar base to the carbon slipper, pantograph carbon slide carbon item is made.
Wherein, the pantograph carbon slide carbon raw material includes: carbon black, coke, carbon fiber, graphite, pitch, graphite
Alkene.
In particular, coke selects pitch coke, coal tar, petroleum coke, preferably pitch coke in the raw material.
Especially, the weight of pantograph carbon slide carbon raw material are as follows: carbon black 5-50, coke 30-60, carbon
Fiber 2-10, graphite 3-15, pitch 20-43, graphene 0.5-5；Preferably carbon black 30-40, coke 40-50, carbon fiber 2-5,
Graphite 10-15, pitch 25-35, graphene 3-5；Further preferably carbon black 35, coke 45, carbon fiber 3.5, graphite 12.5, drip
Green 30, graphene 4.
Wherein, the carbon black is black powder, and granularity is 44-420 μm.
In particular, the granularity of the coke is 26-350 μm.
Especially, the length of the carbon fiber be 0.5-5mm, carbon fiber light weight, intensity are big, hardness is high, use its as
The mechanical strength of raw material preparation is high, and flexural strength is big.
In particular, the granularity of the graphite is 26-150 μm.
Wherein, the graphene is single layer or multi-layer graphene, and material is very thin, and strength and toughness is fine, breaking strength ratio
Taller 200 times of best steel, electric conductivity with higher.
In particular, the pitch be dark brown thick liquid, 75 DEG C -90 DEG C of softening point temperature.
The flexural strength for being added to increase carbon item of carbon fiber, the self-lubricating for being added to increase carbon item of graphite
Property, pitch plays bonding effect.
Carbon black, coke are used as the aggregate of carbon item, and carbon fiber not only can increase the toughness of carbon item and flexural strength but also can increase
Add its wearability, graphite can reduce the coefficient of friction of carbon item, and the addition of graphene can increase the intensity and wearability of carbon item.
Wherein, kneading described in step 1) processing in accordance with the following steps carry out: 1A) by raw material carbon black, coke, carbon fiber,
Graphite and graphene are added in kneading pot, carry out the processing of first time kneading；It 1B) is added material asphalt into kneading pot, carries out the
Secondary kneading processing；1C) mixture after mixing is cooled to 100 DEG C -120 DEG C.
In particular, the temperature of first time, second of kneading processing are 120 DEG C -180 DEG C；First time kneading processing the time be
20-50min；Second of kneading processing time is 40-90min.
Wherein, compression process described in step 2) is that the mixture is placed in hydraulic press, and cylinder is made in compression process
Shape carbon slipper base at the beginning of carbon item.
In particular, the temperature of the compression process is room temperature (15-35 DEG C)；Pressing time is 1-3s.
Especially, the pressure of the compression process is 4-8MPa.
Wherein, the processing of extrusion forming described in step 3) includes the steps that following sequence carries out:
3A) cylindric carbon slipper base at the beginning of carbon item of pre-stamped processing is placed in extruder, heats simultaneously vacuumize process；
3B) after vacuumize process 3-5min, pressurized treatments are carried out, the carbon item being placed in extruder squeezes out, and forms strip
Carbon blank；
Carbon blank 3C) is subjected to cooling and shaping processing, carbon slipper carbon bar base.
In particular, step 3A) in heat temperature be 80-180 DEG C；Relative pressure of the vacuumize process into extruder <
0MPa, preferably 0~-0.1MPa, further preferably -0.07~-0.099MPa；The vacuumize process time described in step 3B
Preferably 4min；Step 3B) described in press processes controlled at 80-180 DEG C；The relative pressure of pressurization is 5-
20MPa, preferably 10-20MPa；Step 3C) described in cooling and shaping processing be to be cooled to room temperature carbon blank (usually
20-35℃)。
Cooling purpose: sizing (when temperature is higher, carbon item just base be it is soft, shape can be with external force or gravity shadow
Ring variation)
Wherein, the temperature of the step 4) calcination process is 1000-1500 DEG C, and the processing time is 120-360h, preferably
120-312h。
In particular, the carbon slipper carbon bar base is placed in roaster, in-furnace temperature is promoted in 48-192h
1000-1500 DEG C, and 72-120h is kept the temperature at this temperature.
Especially, in roaster temperature increase rate be 5.2-31.25 DEG C/h, preferably 5.2-21 DEG C/h.
It is to vapor away low temperature volatile matter first during calcination process, temperature continues to increase, the bonding agent in carbon material
Starting to be carbonized, carbon material is shunk, and intergranular distance becomes smaller, and surface can reduce, and intergranular power increases, the hardness of carbon material,
Intensity becomes larger, and resistivity reduces.
The high-speed rail of the method for the present invention preparation is pure carbon carbon item with pantograph carbon slide with carbon item, if needed subsequent also
To become metal-impregnated carbon item by high temperature and pressure impregnating metal.Pure carbon carbon current-carrying capability is some more low relative to metal-impregnated carbon item.
With greatly improving for high-speed rail speed, to pantograph, with carbon slipper carbon item, more stringent requirements are proposed, major embodiment
It can be met the requirements having required more high-wearing feature.The purpose of the present invention is improving the wearability of carbon slipper, that is, improve carbon slipper
Service life.The effect of raw material is consistent, and increasing graphene is the wearability in order to improve carbon item, and extend carbon item uses the longevity
Life.
Advantages of the present invention and advantageous effects are as follows:
1, high-speed rail pantograph carbon slide of the invention is with addition graphene is passed through in carbon item, so that the intensity of the carbon item of preparation
Increase, service life extends.
2, graphene is added during the method for the present invention preparation high-speed rail pantograph carbon slide carbon item, so that the carbon of preparation
Resistivity is low, and conductive capability is strong, and resistivity≤40 μ Ω m, flexural strength is good, flexural strength >=30MPa.
3, the high-speed rail pantograph carbon slide of the method for the present invention preparation is moderate with the hardness of carbon item, and Rockwell hardness reaches HS60-
100；The intensity of carbon item is high, and flexural strength and impact flexibility are significantly increased, and flexural strength reaches >=30MPa or more；Resistance to punching
It hits toughness and reaches >=0.15J/cm2。
4, the high-speed rail pantograph carbon slide carbon item of the method for the present invention preparation wear-resisting property is good, coefficient of friction is lower than 0.15.
5, the high-speed rail pantograph carbon slide preparation method of carbon item of the present invention, operating procedure is simple, does not need using spy
Different equipment, it is at low cost, it is very suitable to large-scale industrial production.
Carbon slipper of the invention improves the impact flexibility of carbon slipper with carbon item, avoids unnecessary carbon slipper chip off-falling (outstanding
It is large area chip off-falling) phenomenon, the reliability of carbon slipper is improved, and also improve the wearability of carbon slipper, and carbon slipper pair
Contact line abrasion do not increase.
High-speed rail of the invention has resistivity low with pantograph carbon slide carbon item, can be good at meeting carbon slipper afflux,
Drainage requires；Impact flexibility is good, can be good at the hard spot impact for adapting to contact net lines, avoids the big face of unnecessary carbon slipper
Product chip off-falling phenomenon；The flexural strength of carbon item is good, is able to satisfy the mechanical property requirements of high-speed rail high-speed cruising needs.
Specific embodiment
The invention will now be further described with reference to specific embodiments, the advantages and features of the present invention will be with description and
It is apparent.But examples are merely exemplary for these, and it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way.Those skilled in the art
Member it should be understood that without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention can details to technical solution of the present invention and form into
Row modifications or substitutions, but these modifications and replacement are fallen within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
1, prepare raw material according to following weight
2, kneading is handled
Carbon black, coke, carbon fiber, graphite, graphene raw material are added in kneading pot, stirred, first time kneading is carried out
It handles, controlled at 160 DEG C in first time kneading treatment process；After kneading handles 35min, material asphalt is added, continues
Temperature carries out second of kneading processing under conditions of being 160 DEG C；After kneading handles 60min, natural cooling is cooled to 120 DEG C, obtains
To mixed material of sticky shape；
It is inner and each material surface is uniform that each auxiliary material is evenly distributed on main material (carbon black and coke) in kneading treatment process
One layer of bonding agent (pitch) of covering；
Graphene is single layer or multi-layer graphene, and material is very thin, and strength and toughness is fine, itself has good self-lubricating again
Property.The granularity of the coke, carbon black that are mixed with is smaller, is uniformly mixed raw material using suitable mixing (such as kneading etc.) method
Afterwards, intergranular interface state both can be changed on the surface of coke, carbon black pellet in graphene coated, increase material toughness and
Mobile phase, and the characteristic of graphene can be made to be fully played, it is formed convenient for subsequent extrusion.Graphene and carbon fiber collaboration
Under effect, carbon impact flexibility of the invention is greatly improved, improves the flexural strength of carbon item, unnecessary carbon slipper is avoided to fall
Block or large area chip off-falling phenomenon, wearability are also improved.
Other method for mixing raw materials are suitable for the present invention, such as interrupted kneading and continuous kneading in the present invention, and
Other kneading modes are suitable for the present invention.As long as it is all suitable for capable of making the equally distributed kneading mode of each material.
It cools and pitch is solidified substantially, will not flow down from particle surface, can be good at being attached to
Grain surface.
3, pre-stamped processing
Thick mixture is added in the die cavity of vertical hydraulic press, pre-stamped processing is carried out at room temperature, obtains
The first base of cylindric carbon slipper carbon item；Wherein, the pressure of precompressed is 7MPa, and the time of precompressed is 2s；
The mixed material that it is good that compression process makes kneading be made it is cylindric, the air mixed in preliminary extruded material be convenient for object
Material is placed in extruder, does not dissipate base.
4, extrusion forming is handled
4-1) base at the beginning of the cylindric carbon slipper carbon item after hot-pressing processing is taken out, is placed in the material chamber of extruder, it is right
The material chamber of extruder heat and vacuumize process, wherein control heating temperature remains 160 DEG C to 160 DEG C, and in temperature
Under conditions of, base at the beginning of to intracavitary carbon item is expected carries out vacuumize process, and control expects that intracavitary relative pressure is -0.095MPa；
The purpose of vacuumize process is the air in further discharge material, prevents from causing to be squeezed into there are air in material
When type, because the presence of air makes to form air gap band between particle, in subsequent roasting process, due to the expansion and contraction of air
Greatly, so that the product of roasting generates internal fissure, the quality of product being influenced, causes the binding force of product carbon item low, flexural strength is poor,
Finished product rate is low.
4-2) after vacuumize process 5min, base carries out pressurized treatments at the beginning of to intracavitary carbon item is expected, carbon item is squeezed out, and forms strip
Carbon blank, it is 160 DEG C that temperature is wherein kept in press processes, pressure 15MPa；
It 4-3) squeezes the strip carbon blank formed to be placed in shaper, carries out cooling and shaping processing, until blank temperature
Degree is reduced to room temperature, and carbon slipper carbon bar base is made.
5, calcination process
Carbon slipper carbon bar base is placed in roaster, in-furnace temperature is promoted to 1000 DEG C in 100h, heating rate is
10 DEG C/h, and 80h is kept the temperature at this temperature, calcination process is carried out, carbon slipper carbon item is obtained.
The purpose of roasting is that bonding agent is made to be carbonized, and carbon material is shunk, and particle surface energy reduces, and intergranular binding force increases
Add, hardness, the intensity, toughness of carbon material become larger, and resistivity reduces, and obtain the stable carbon material of performance.
6, performance test
The carbon slipper carbon item of preparation is tested for the property, test result is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 2
1, prepare raw material according to following weight
2, kneading is handled
Carbon black, coke, carbon fiber, graphite, graphene raw material are added in kneading pot, stirred, first time kneading is carried out
It handles, controlled at 120 DEG C in first time kneading treatment process；After kneading handles 50min, material asphalt is added, continues
Temperature carries out second of kneading processing under conditions of being 120 DEG C；After kneading handles 90min, natural cooling is cooled to 100 DEG C, obtains
To mixture of viscous form material；
3, pre-stamped processing
Thick mixture is added in the die cavity of vertical hydraulic press, carries out pre-stamped processing at room temperature, tentatively
The air in mixed material is excluded, cylindric carbon slipper carbon item just base is obtained；Wherein, the pressure of precompressed be 8MPa, precompressed when
Between be 1s；
4, extrusion forming is handled
4-1) base at the beginning of the cylindric carbon slipper carbon item after hot-pressing processing is taken out, is placed in the material chamber of extruder, it is right
The material chamber of extruder heat and vacuumize process, wherein control heating temperature remains 180 DEG C to 180 DEG C, and in temperature
Under conditions of, base at the beginning of to intracavitary carbon item is expected carries out vacuumize process, and control expects that intracavitary relative pressure is -0.090MPa；
4-2) after vacuumize process 3min, base carries out pressurized treatments at the beginning of to intracavitary carbon item is expected, carbon item is squeezed out, and forms strip
Carbon blank, it is 180 DEG C that temperature is wherein kept in press processes, pressure 5MPa；
It 4-3) squeezes the strip carbon blank formed to be placed in shaper, carries out cooling and shaping processing, until blank temperature
Degree is reduced to room temperature, and carbon slipper carbon bar base is made.
5, calcination process
Carbon slipper carbon bar base is placed in roaster, in-furnace temperature is promoted to 1000 DEG C in 48h, heating rate is
20.83 DEG C/h, and 120h is kept the temperature at this temperature, calcination process is carried out, carbon slipper carbon item is obtained.
6, performance test
The carbon slipper carbon item of preparation is tested for the property, test result is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 3
1, prepare raw material according to following weight
2, kneading is handled
Carbon black, coke, carbon fiber, graphite, graphene raw material are added in kneading pot, stirred, first time kneading is carried out
It handles, controlled at 180 DEG C in first time kneading treatment process；After kneading handles 20min, material asphalt is added, continues
Temperature carries out second of kneading processing under conditions of being 180 DEG C；After kneading handles 40min, natural cooling is cooled to 110 DEG C, obtains
To mixture of viscous form material；
3, pre-stamped processing
Thick mixture is added in the die cavity of vertical hydraulic press, carries out pre-stamped processing at room temperature, tentatively
The air in mixed material is excluded, cylindric carbon slipper carbon item just base is obtained；Wherein, the pressure of precompressed be 4MPa, precompressed when
Between be 3s；
4, extrusion forming is handled
4-1) base at the beginning of the cylindric carbon slipper carbon item after hot-pressing processing is taken out, is placed in the material chamber of extruder, it is right
The material chamber of extruder heat and vacuumize process, wherein control heating temperature remains 140 DEG C to 140 DEG C, and in temperature
Under conditions of, base at the beginning of to intracavitary carbon item is expected carries out vacuumize process, and control expects that intracavitary relative pressure is -0.095MPa；
4-2) after vacuumize process 5min, base carries out pressurized treatments at the beginning of to intracavitary carbon item is expected, carbon item is squeezed out, and forms strip
Carbon blank, it is 140 DEG C that temperature is wherein kept in press processes, pressure 15MPa；
It 4-3) squeezes the strip carbon blank formed to be placed in shaper, carries out cooling and shaping processing, until blank temperature
Degree is reduced to room temperature, and carbon slipper carbon bar base is made.
5, calcination process
Carbon slipper carbon bar base is placed in roaster, in-furnace temperature is promoted to 1500 DEG C in 100h, heating rate is
15 DEG C/h, and 72h is kept the temperature at this temperature, calcination process is carried out, carbon slipper carbon item is obtained.
6, performance test
The carbon slipper carbon item of preparation is tested for the property, test result is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 4
1, prepare raw material according to following weight
2, kneading is handled
Carbon black, coke, carbon fiber, graphite, graphene raw material are added in kneading pot, stirred, first time kneading is carried out
It handles, controlled at 160 DEG C in first time kneading treatment process；After kneading handles 30min, material asphalt is added, continues
Temperature carries out second of kneading processing under conditions of being 160 DEG C；After kneading handles 55min, natural cooling is cooled to 100 DEG C, obtains
To mixture of viscous form material；
3, pre-stamped processing
Thick mixture is added in the die cavity of vertical hydraulic press, carries out pre-stamped processing at room temperature, tentatively
The air in mixed material is excluded, cylindric carbon slipper carbon item just base is obtained；Wherein, the pressure of precompressed be 6MPa, precompressed when
Between be 2s；
4, extrusion forming is handled
4-1) base at the beginning of the cylindric carbon slipper carbon item after hot-pressing processing is taken out, is placed in the material chamber of extruder, it is right
The material chamber of extruder heat and vacuumize process, wherein control heating temperature remains 80 DEG C to 80 DEG C, and in temperature
Under the conditions of, base at the beginning of to intracavitary carbon item is expected carries out vacuumize process, and control expects that intracavitary relative pressure is -0.099MPa；
4-2) after vacuumize process 5min, base carries out pressurized treatments at the beginning of to intracavitary carbon item is expected, carbon item is squeezed out, and forms strip
Carbon blank, it is 80 DEG C that temperature is wherein kept in press processes, pressure 20MPa；
It 4-3) squeezes the strip carbon blank formed to be placed in shaper, carries out cooling and shaping processing, until blank temperature
Degree is reduced to room temperature, and carbon slipper carbon bar base is made.
5, calcination process
Carbon slipper carbon bar base is placed in roaster, in-furnace temperature is promoted to 1000 DEG C in 192h, heating rate is
5.21 DEG C/h, and 100h is kept the temperature at this temperature, calcination process is carried out, carbon slipper carbon item is obtained.
6, performance test
The carbon slipper carbon item of preparation is tested for the property, test result is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 5
1, prepare raw material according to following weight
2, kneading is handled
Carbon black, coke, carbon fiber, graphite, graphene raw material are added in kneading pot, stirred, first time kneading is carried out
It handles, controlled at 150 DEG C in first time kneading treatment process；After kneading handles 40min, material asphalt is added, continues
Temperature carries out second of kneading processing under conditions of being 150 DEG C；After kneading handles 65min, natural cooling is cooled to 100 DEG C, obtains
To sticky dress mixed material；
3, pre-stamped processing
Thick mixture is added in the die cavity of vertical hydraulic press, carries out pre-stamped processing at room temperature, tentatively
The air in mixed material is excluded, cylindric carbon slipper carbon item just base is obtained；Wherein, the pressure of precompressed be 6MPa, precompressed when
Between be 2s；
4, extrusion forming is handled
4-1) base at the beginning of the cylindric carbon slipper carbon item after hot-pressing processing is taken out, is placed in the material chamber of extruder, it is right
The material chamber of extruder heat and vacuumize process, wherein control heating temperature remains 160 DEG C to 160 DEG C, and in temperature
Under conditions of, base at the beginning of to intracavitary carbon item is expected carries out vacuumize process, and control expects that intracavitary relative pressure is -0.090MPa；
4-2) after vacuumize process 3min, base carries out pressurized treatments at the beginning of to intracavitary carbon item is expected, carbon item is squeezed out, and forms strip
Carbon blank, it is 160 DEG C that temperature is wherein kept in press processes, pressure 10MPa；
It 4-3) squeezes the strip carbon blank formed to be placed in shaper, carries out cooling and shaping processing, until blank temperature
Degree is reduced to room temperature, and carbon slipper carbon bar base is made.
5, calcination process
Carbon slipper carbon bar base is placed in roaster, in-furnace temperature is promoted to 1500 DEG C in 100h, heating rate is
15 DEG C/h, and 100h is kept the temperature at this temperature, calcination process is carried out, carbon slipper carbon item is obtained.
6, performance test
The carbon slipper carbon item of preparation is tested for the property, test result is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 6
1, prepare raw material according to following weight
2, kneading is handled
Carbon black, coke, carbon fiber, graphite, graphene raw material are added in kneading pot, stirred, first time kneading is carried out
It handles, controlled at 150 DEG C in first time kneading treatment process；After kneading handles 40min, material asphalt is added, continues
Temperature carries out second of kneading processing under conditions of being 150 DEG C；After kneading handles 65min, natural cooling is cooled to 100 DEG C, obtains
To mixture of viscous form material；
3, pre-stamped processing
Thick mixture is added in the die cavity of vertical hydraulic press, carries out pre-stamped processing at room temperature, tentatively
The air in mixed material is excluded, cylindric carbon slipper carbon item just base is obtained；Wherein, the pressure of precompressed be 6MPa, precompressed when
Between be 2s；
4, extrusion forming is handled
4-1) base at the beginning of the cylindric carbon slipper carbon item after hot-pressing processing is taken out, is placed in the material chamber of extruder, it is right
The material chamber of extruder heat and vacuumize process, wherein control heating temperature remains 140 DEG C to 140 DEG C, and in temperature
Under conditions of, base at the beginning of to intracavitary carbon item is expected carries out vacuumize process, and control expects that intracavitary relative pressure is -0.099MPa；
4-2) after vacuumize process 4min, base carries out pressurized treatments at the beginning of to intracavitary carbon item is expected, carbon item is squeezed out, and forms strip
Carbon blank, it is 140 DEG C that temperature is wherein kept in press processes, pressure 14MPa；
It 4-3) squeezes the strip carbon blank formed to be placed in shaper, carries out cooling and shaping processing, until blank temperature
Degree is reduced to room temperature, and carbon slipper carbon bar base is made.
5, calcination process
Carbon slipper carbon bar base is placed in roaster, in-furnace temperature is promoted to 1250 DEG C in 120h, heating rate is
110.42 DEG C/h, and 100h is kept the temperature at this temperature, calcination process is carried out, carbon slipper carbon item is obtained.
6, performance test
The carbon slipper carbon item of preparation is tested for the property, test result is shown in Table 1.
Reference examples 1
Other than not containing graphene in the raw material of pantograph carbon slide carbon item, other are same as Example 1.
The carbon slipper carbon item of preparation is tested for the property, test result is shown in Table 1.
Reference examples 2
Other than not containing graphene in the raw material of pantograph carbon slide carbon item, other are same as Example 2.
The carbon slipper carbon item of preparation is tested for the property, test result is shown in Table 1.
1 pantograph carbon slide of table carbon properties of product testing result
From the data of table 1 can be seen that pantograph carbon slide carbon item of the present invention by be added graphene control carbon intensity,
Hardness and impact flexibility；
Due to containing equally distributed graphene in carbon slipper carbon item in raw material containing graphene, with no addition graphite
The carbon slipper carbon item of alkene is compared, and the resistivity of carbon item is low, resistivity≤22 μ Ω m, and hardness improves, and flexural strength improves and impact
Toughness is significantly improved.
The service life of 1 pantograph carbon slide of test example carbon item is tested
The pantograph carbon slide of 1-5 of the embodiment of the present invention, reference examples 1-2 preparation is subjected to abrasion test with carbon item, incite somebody to action this
The pantograph carbon slide of inventive embodiments 1-5, reference examples 1-2 preparation is processed into having a size of 120mm × 34.5mm with carbon item ×
The rectangle sample of 25mm, on ring-block formula testing machine carry out ring-block formula high speed current-carrying frictional wear experiment, carbon item with contact
Line contact (contact pressure press 70N ± 10N), testing stand drive contact line to rotate by the speed of 250km/h, at the same carbon item with connect
500A electric current is passed between touching line.Record slide plate height wear resistance ratio, slide plate weight wear resistance ratio, slide plate butt contact line abrasion ratio.
Measurement result is as shown in table 2.
2 pantograph carbon slide of table carbon abrasion test measurement result
| Slide plate height wear resistance ratio | Slide plate weight wear resistance ratio | Slide plate butt contact line abrasion ratio | |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.8 | 35 | 0.007 |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.6 | 29 | 0.007 |
| Embodiment 3 | 0.7 | 32 | 0.008 |
| Embodiment 4 | 0.7 | 31 | 0.007 |
| Embodiment 5 | 0.5 | 27 | 0.006 |
| Embodiment 6 | 0.8 | 36 | 0.007 |
| Reference examples 1 | 1.0 | 42 | 0.007 |
| Reference examples 2 | 0.9 | 40 | 0.007 |
From the experimental result of table 2: the slide plate that pantograph carbon slide carbon item of the present invention passes through the carbon item of addition graphene
Height wear resistance ratio, slide plate weight wear resistance ratio significantly reduce, and carbon slipper does not increase the abrasion of section compartment, illustrate that carbon of the invention is sliding
The wear-resisting property that plate improves carbon item with graphene is added in carbon item, increases the toughness of carbon slipper, carbon slipper is in high-speed cruising
Impact flexibility enhances in the process, and reliability improves, and high-speed cruising locomotive operation is stablized.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of pantograph carbon slide preparation method of carbon item characterized by comprising
1) kneading processing is carried out with carbon raw material to pantograph carbon slide, mixed material is made；
2) compression process is carried out to the mixed material, carbon slipper base at the beginning of carbon item is made；
3) carbon slipper base at the beginning of carbon item is placed in extruder, carries out extrusion forming processing, carbon slipper carbon bar base is made；
4) by carrying out calcination process with carbon bar base to the carbon slipper, pantograph carbon slide carbon item is made.
2. preparation method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the pantograph carbon slide carbon raw material includes: charcoal
Black, coke, carbon fiber, graphite, pitch, graphene.
3. preparation method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the raw material of the pantograph carbon slide carbon item includes:
Carbon black, coke, carbon fiber, graphite, pitch, graphene, weight are as follows: carbon black 5-50, coke 30-60, carbon fiber 2-
10, graphite 3-15, pitch 20-43, graphene 0.5-5.
4. preparation method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the pantograph carbon slide carbon raw material includes: charcoal
Black, coke, carbon fiber, graphite, pitch, graphene, weight are as follows: carbon black 30-40, coke 40-50, carbon fiber 2-5,
Graphite 10-15, pitch 25-35, graphene 3-5.
5. the preparation method as described in claim 2-4 is any, which is characterized in that the processing of kneading described in step 1) is according to as follows
Step carries out: 1A) raw material carbon black, coke, carbon fiber, graphite and graphene being added in kneading pot, carry out at first time kneading
Reason；Material asphalt 1B) is added into kneading pot, carries out second of kneading processing；1C) mixture after mixing is cooled to
100℃-120℃。
6. preparation method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that compression process described in step 2) is by the mixture
It is placed in hydraulic press, is pressed into base at the beginning of cylindric carbon slipper carbon item.
7. preparation method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the processing of extrusion forming described in step 3) includes following suitable
The step of sequence carries out: 3A) cylindric carbon slipper base at the beginning of carbon item of pre-stamped processing is placed in extruder, heats and vacuumizes
Processing；3B) after vacuumize process 3-5min, pressurized treatments are carried out, the carbon item being placed in extruder squeezes out, and forms strip carbon item
Blank；Carbon blank 3C) is subjected to cooling and shaping processing, carbon slipper carbon bar base.
8. preparation method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that step 3A) described in heating vacuumize process during,
Heating temperature is 80-180 DEG C；Relative pressure < 0MPa in extruder.
9. preparation method as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that step 3B) described in press processes, processing temperature
Degree is 80-180 DEG C；The relative pressure of pressurization is 5-20Mpa.
10. preparation method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the temperature of calcination process described in step 4) is 1000-
1500 DEG C, the processing time is 120-360h.
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| CN111792935A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-20 | 兴和县青山特种石墨碳素有限公司 | High-strength wear-resistant carbon sliding plate for pantograph and preparation method thereof |
| CN112793426A (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2021-05-14 | 华东交通大学 | Antifriction and wear-resistant pantograph suitable for bidirectional running |
| CN112793426B (en) * | 2021-02-24 | 2022-09-02 | 华东交通大学 | Antifriction and wear-resistant pantograph suitable for bidirectional running |
| CN113199799A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-03 | 重庆镪正科技有限公司 | Carbon strip forming nozzle pressing mechanism and forming method of carbon sliding plate |
| CN113199799B (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2023-06-16 | 重庆镪正科技有限公司 | Carbon strip forming and mouth pressing mechanism and forming method of carbon slide plate |
| CN114956847A (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2022-08-30 | 合肥工业大学 | Preparation method of needle coke reinforced pure carbon pantograph carbon slide plate |
| CN115594516A (en) * | 2022-10-08 | 2023-01-13 | 重庆懿虹科技发展有限责任公司（Cn） | Preparation method of carbon strip for pantograph carbon slide plate |
| CN116178017A (en) * | 2023-01-31 | 2023-05-30 | 安徽锦美碳材科技发展有限公司 | Preparation method of directly sintered carbon strip for pantograph carbon slide plate |
| CN116425545A (en) * | 2023-03-20 | 2023-07-14 | 国家高速列车青岛技术创新中心 | Carbon sliding plate material without binder and preparation method thereof |
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