CN109412994B - High-spectrum-efficiency full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication method based on orthogonal code modulation - Google Patents

High-spectrum-efficiency full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication method based on orthogonal code modulation Download PDF

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CN109412994B
CN109412994B CN201811440003.1A CN201811440003A CN109412994B CN 109412994 B CN109412994 B CN 109412994B CN 201811440003 A CN201811440003 A CN 201811440003A CN 109412994 B CN109412994 B CN 109412994B
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anteposibits
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王俊峰
崔玥
周明章
单李庆
刘胜
马社祥
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Yunnan poly Tiantong underwater equipment Technology Co., Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2657—Carrier synchronisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
    • H04B7/0842—Weighted combining
    • H04B7/0848—Joint weighting
    • H04B7/0857—Joint weighting using maximum ratio combining techniques, e.g. signal-to- interference ratio [SIR], received signal strenght indication [RSS]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2602—Signal structure
    • H04L27/2605—Symbol extensions, e.g. Zero Tail, Unique Word [UW]
    • H04L27/2607—Cyclic extensions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2668—Details of algorithms
    • H04L27/2681—Details of algorithms characterised by constraints
    • H04L27/2688—Resistance to perturbation, e.g. noise, interference or fading
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B11/00—Transmission systems employing sonic, ultrasonic or infrasonic waves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B13/00—Transmission systems characterised by the medium used for transmission, not provided for in groups H04B3/00 - H04B11/00
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Abstract

The invention discloses a high-spectrum-efficiency full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication method based on orthogonal code modulation, and belongs to the technical field of communication. The OCM technology simultaneously modulates the serial number bit, the carrier serial number bit and the symbol bit of the sound source array element, breaks through the traditional one-dimensional and two-dimensional modulation concepts, expands the field of four-dimensional modulation, has the characteristics of high spectrum efficiency and easy detection, and is very suitable for the requirement of the spectrum efficiency of full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication.

Description

High-spectrum-efficiency full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication method based on orthogonal code modulation
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of communication, and relates to OFDM (orthogonal Frequency Division multiplexing), MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple output) and OCM (orthogonal Code modulation) technologies.
Background
With the continuous deepening of exploration, development and utilization degree of the sea by human beings, the quality, performance, stability and other aspects of the underwater acoustic communication system in the marine environment are required to be higher and higher no matter in the fields of military affairs, commerce and civil use. The sea serves as a medium for underwater acoustic communication, and the environment is more complex than a terrestrial wireless communication environment. In addition, the complex underwater acoustic channel is a scarce resource, available frequency is usually from tens of hertz to hundreds of kilohertz, and the scarce resource of the underwater acoustic channel is more crowded because the resource is shared by an artificial acoustic system such as underwater communication equipment and a natural acoustic system such as marine life and is not fully utilized. Full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication is generated in order to improve the frequency spectrum utilization rate and the frequency spectrum efficiency of an underwater acoustic channel. Full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication is an underwater acoustic communication mode proposed by Junfeng Wang, Yui Cui, Haixin Sun, Lanjun Liu and Shexiang Ma in 2018 in the document [1], integrates the advantages of full-duplex and cognitive technologies, avoids the defects of low frequency spectrum utilization rate, high power consumption, low frequency spectrum efficiency, limited bandwidth and the like of the existing underwater acoustic communication technology while protecting the marine environment, and is expected to become a new technology of future underwater acoustic communication. Although the full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication has some incomparable advantages compared with the existing underwater acoustic communication technology, when the full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication protects the marine environment and obtains a sufficiently wide spectrum, how to further improve the spectrum efficiency becomes one of the challenges of researching the full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication. Compared with the communication technology based on OFDM or/and MIMO, the Orthogonal Code Modulation (OCM) is a communication technology with higher spectrum efficiency and lower computation complexity, and therefore the OCM technology is firstly proposed and introduced into full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication so as to improve the spectrum efficiency of the underwater acoustic communication. The OCM-based high-spectrum-efficiency full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication method avoids the design complexity of the traditional index and space modulation scheme, particularly simplifies the design complexity of a receiving link demodulation part based on index and space modulation, solves the problem of difficult communication signal detection in a time-varying underwater acoustic channel environment, and fully embodies the superior performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to design an OCM technology and a method for improving the spectrum efficiency of full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication by adopting the OCM technology.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a high-spectrum-efficiency full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication method based on OCM comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, designing a high-spectrum-efficiency full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication transmitting link based on OCM;
and 2, designing a high-spectrum-efficiency full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication receiving link based on the OCM.
The specific steps in the step 1 are summarized as follows:
1.1, dividing information source information bits into carrier sequence number bits (CarrPosiBits), sound source array element sequence number bits (AntePosiBits) and symbol bits (SymbBits);
step 1.2, MPSK/MQAM modulation is firstly carried out on SymbBits, namely symbol bit modulation data (SymbBitsModu) is generated; CarrPosiBits is then demapped to orthogonal codes ociN, N is the size of the OC set, followed by the mapped OCiUnweighted (similar to spreading code function) symbbitmodu; secondly, the AntePosiBits is used for mapping the orthogonal codes ociN, and finally mapping the mapped ociPlacing a Cyclic Prefix (CP) position of the OFDM;
and 1.3, transmitting the sorted OFDM data on a corresponding sound source array element according to a traditional scheme.
The specific steps in the step 2 are summarized as follows:
step 2.1, receiving receipts according to a traditional scheme;
step 2.2, detecting AntePosiBits by adopting a matching or maximum ratio combining method, and simultaneously estimating a system frequency offset and an underwater sound fading channel by using the corresponding OC;
2.3, detecting CarrPosiBits by adopting a matching or maximum ratio combining method;
and 2.4, compensating and equalizing the received SymbBits signals by using the estimated frequency offset and the channel, and then demodulating.
And 2.5, outputting the processed AntePosiBits, CarrPosiBits and SymbBits in the sequence before OCM.
In step 1.2, Frank-Heimiller transform sequences with ideal auto-correlation can be generally used as the corresponding OC for CarrPosiBits and AntePosiBits.
In the first placeIn step 2.2, the signal y is receivediM, where M is the number of elements of the receiving antenna; the channel experiencing underwater acoustic fading typically has a Rician or Rayleigh distribution characteristic and can be taken from document 2 when testing system performance]Generating; the inverse mapping process involved in detecting AntePosiBits by using a matching or maximal ratio combining method can adopt a pre-stored OC set as a database, and then the z ═ Σ yi·ocjThe OC corresponding to the maximum value of N is correspondingly searched for AntePosiBits; when estimating system frequency offset and fading channel using corresponding OC, document [3 ] can be adopted]And document [4 ]]. Document [3]And [4 ]]The method for estimating the system frequency offset and fading channel by using the corresponding OC is explicitly disclosed as follows: estimating frequency offset by using second and fourth order statistics and their transformation, and estimating fading channel by using maximum likelihood criterion [3 ]]Page 3083 formula (16) in the first paragraph and document [4 ]]Page 1427, second paragraph equation (16) is specifically disclosed.
In step 2.3, the received signal after the cyclic prefix is removed
Figure GDA0002934990930000031
If matching or maximal ratio combining method is used to detect CarrPosiBits, the involved inverse mapping process can use pre-stored OC set as database, and then the database is used
Figure GDA0002934990930000041
The OC corresponding to the maximum value carries out corresponding search for CarrPosiBits.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
the invention detects the AntePosiBits and CarrPosiBits signals of high-spectrum-efficiency full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication based on the OCM based on a matching or maximum ratio combining method, and has the characteristics of simple method, high detection efficiency and the like. The invention adopts OCM, the technology simultaneously modulates AntePosiBits, CarrPosiBits and SymbBits, breaks through the traditional one-dimensional and two-dimensional modulation concepts, expands the field of four-dimensional modulation, has the characteristics of high spectrum efficiency and easy detection, and is very suitable for the requirement of full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication spectrum efficiency.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the design of the scheme of the invention. Fig. 1a is a schematic diagram of a full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication transmission link based on an OCM. Wherein fig. 1b is a schematic diagram of a full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication receiving link based on the OCM.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an OCM of a full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication system.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of OCM signal detection of a receiving link of a full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication system.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
the invention discloses a high-spectrum-efficiency full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication method based on OCM (optical communications module), which uses an OCM technology, not only improves the spectrum efficiency of full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication, but also reduces the detection difficulty of OCM signals, and the method is shown in the scheme design schematic diagram of the invention shown in the attached figure 1, and the steps and details of each step are as follows:
step 1, designing a high-spectrum-efficiency full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication transmitting link based on OCM;
and 2, designing a high-spectrum-efficiency full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication receiving link based on the OCM.
In the step 1, since the full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication system adopts the OCM communication technology, and the OCM communication technology adopts Orthogonal Codes (OC) to modulate the OFDM carrier sequence number information and the MIMO sound source array element sequence number information, the frequency spectrum efficiency is very high, and a schematic diagram thereof is shown in fig. 2. Data transmission link in OCM communication technology: firstly, dividing information source information bits into carrier sequence number bits, sound source array element sequence number bits and symbol bits, and sending the carrier sequence number bits, the sound source array element sequence number bits and the symbol bits into an OCM (optical clock and memory) module; in an OCM module, symbol bits are modulated according to MPSK/MQAM to generate symbol bit modulation data, and then OC corresponding to carrier serial number bits is used for weighting (similar to a spread spectrum code function) the symbol bit modulation data; and then placing OC corresponding to the serial number bit of the sound source array element into the cyclic prefix position of OFDM, and finally sending signals at the corresponding serial number of the sound source array element according to the traditional scheme.
The invention takes BPSK digital modulation technology, 32 OFDM subBlock, 128 sub-carriers, 4-input 4-output antenna array as an example, and the following processes are carried out on a data transmission link:
step 1.1, grouping source information bits according to 32 x 2 CarrPosiBits, 2 AntePosiBits and 32 x 1 SymbBits, and sending the source information bits into an OCM module;
step 1.2, firstly, sequentially modulating 32 x 1 SymbBits according to BPSK to generate SymbBitsModu, namely, the modulated data is x; secondly, every 2 bits (one of four states 00, 01, 10 and 11) of 32 x 2 CarrPosiBits are correspondingly searched for the oc with the length of 4 bitsiUsing mapped ociDe-weighting (similar to spreading code function) SymbBitsModu, i.e. OFDM Block corresponds to data as
Figure GDA0002934990930000051
The orthogonal codes oc are then mapped with 2 AntePosiBits (one of the four states 00, 01, 10, 11)iN, and finally mapping the mapped ociPlacing a Cyclic Prefix (CP) position of the OFDM;
and step 1.3, carrying out signal transmission on the sorted OFDM data on the corresponding sound source array element serial number (one of four array element positions of 1, 2, 3 and 4) according to a traditional scheme.
In the step 2, due to the noise of the marine environment and the variability of the underwater acoustic communication channel, the full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication also faces the problem of difficult signal detection. Because the invention adopts OCM technology, not only the spectrum efficiency of the system is improved, but also AntePosiBits and CarrPosiBits are identified through OC, thereby reducing the problem that the detection of the OCM signals (CarrPosiBits, AntePosiBits and SymbBits) of the full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication is difficult, and the schematic diagram is shown in figure 3. The data receiving link in the OCM-based high-spectrum-efficiency full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication method comprises the following steps: first, receiving a receipt according to a conventional scheme; secondly, detecting AntePosiBits by adopting a matching or maximum ratio combining method, and simultaneously estimating system frequency offset and a wireless fading channel by using the corresponding OC; the method comprises the following steps of detecting signals of AntePosiBits and CarrPosiBits of high-spectrum-efficiency full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication based on OCM by adopting a matching or maximum ratio combining method, and processing the signals in a data receiving link as follows:
step 2.1, data y for any one receiving array elementiReceiving in a traditional full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication receiving mode;
step 2.2, data y is combined by adopting a matching or maximum ratio combining methodiCyclic Prefix (CP) position of medium OFDM
Figure GDA0002934990930000061
By AntePosiBits assay, i.e.
Figure GDA0002934990930000062
Using oc for z-maxjCorresponding searching AntePosiBits (one of four states 00, 01, 10 and 11) is carried out; using cyclic prefix position simultaneously
Figure GDA0002934990930000063
(i.e., corresponding oc)j) Data-aided estimation of frequency offset and fading channels of a system, the estimation method may employ document [3 ]]And document [4 ]]The algorithm of (1);
in this step, a signal y is receivediM, where M is the number of elements of the receive antenna. The channel experiencing underwater acoustic fading typically has a Rician or Rayleigh distribution characteristic and can be taken from document 2 when testing system performance]Generating; the inverse mapping process involved in detecting AntePosiBits by using a matching or maximal ratio combining method can adopt a pre-stored OC set as a database, and then the z ═ Σ yi·ocjThe OC corresponding to the maximum value of N is correspondingly searched for AntePosiBits; when estimating system frequency offset and fading channel using corresponding OC, document [3 ] can be adopted]And document [4 ]]. Document [3]And [4 ]]The method for estimating the system frequency offset and fading channel by using the corresponding OC is explicitly disclosed as follows: estimating frequency offset by using second and fourth order statistics and their transformation, and estimating fading channel by using maximum likelihood criterion [3 ]]Page 3083 first paragraph formula (16) anddocument [4 ]]Page 1427, second paragraph equation (16) is specifically disclosed.
Step 2.3, data y is combined by adopting a matching or maximum ratio combining methodiCarrPosiBits detection of mid OFDM data location, i.e.
Figure GDA0002934990930000071
Using oc for z-maxjCorresponding lookup of CarrPosiBits (one of four states 00, 01, 10, 11) is performed;
step 2.4, compensating and balancing the received SymbBits signals by using the estimated frequency offset and the estimated channel, and then performing digital demodulation;
and 2.5, outputting the processed AntePosiBits, CarrPosiBits and SymbBits in the sequence before OCM.
Reference documents:
[1]Junfeng Wang,Yue Cui,Haixin Sun,Lanjun Liu,Shexiang Ma,“Full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communications:concept and challenges”,Proceedings ofthe 14th International Conference on SignalProcessing,pp.698-701,2018。
[2]Junfeng Wang,Xiurong Ma,Jianfu Teng,Yue Cui,“Efficient and accurate simulator for Rayleigh and Rician fading”,Transactions ofTianjin University,vol.18,no.4,pp.243-247,2012。
[3]Junfeng Wang,Yue Cui,Jianfu Teng,Xiurong Ma,“Frequency estimation for the downlink of the TD-SCDMA system over frequency flat Rician fast fading channels”,SignalProcessing,vol.92,no.12,pp.3080-3084,2012。
[4]Junfeng Wang,Jianfu Teng,Yue Cui,Xiurong Ma,“Frequency selective Rician fast fading estimation for the downlink ofTD-SCDMA system in the presenceof a residual frequency offset”,Proceedings ofthe 11th International Conference onSignalProcessing,vol.2,pp.1424-1428,2012。

Claims (4)

1. a high-spectrum-efficiency full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication method based on orthogonal code modulation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, designing a high-spectrum-efficiency full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication transmitting link based on OCM;
step 2, designing a high-spectrum-efficiency full-duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication receiving link based on OCM;
the design in step 1 comprises:
1.1, dividing information source information bits into carrier sequence number bits (CarrPosiBits), sound source array element sequence number bits (AntePosiBits) and symbol bits (SymbBits);
step 1.2, MPSK/MQAM modulation is firstly carried out on SymbBits, namely symbol bit modulation data (SymbBitsModu) is generated; CarrPosiBits is then demapped to orthogonal codes ociN, N is the size of the OC set, followed by the mapped OCiUnweighting SymbBitsModu; secondly, the AntePosiBits is used for mapping the orthogonal codes ociN, and finally mapping the mapped ociPlacing a Cyclic Prefix (CP) position of the OFDM;
step 1.3, sending the sorted OFDM data on a corresponding sound source array element;
the design in the step 2 comprises the following steps:
step 2.1, receiving a receipt;
step 2.2, detecting AntePosiBits by adopting a matching or maximum ratio combining method, and simultaneously estimating a system frequency offset and an underwater sound fading channel by using the corresponding OC;
2.3, detecting CarrPosiBits by adopting a matching or maximum ratio combining method;
step 2.4, compensating and balancing the received SymbBits signals by using the estimated frequency offset and the estimated channel, and then demodulating;
and 2.5, outputting the processed AntePosiBits, CarrPosiBits and SymbBits in the sequence before OCM.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 1.2, Frank-heimailler transform sequences with ideal autocorrelation are used as OCs corresponding to CarrPosiBits and AntePosiBits.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein in step 2.2, the received signal y is transmittediM, where M is the number of elements of the receiving antenna; the experienced underwater sound fading channel usually has the characteristic of Rician or Rayleigh distribution, and is generated by adopting the existing method when the system performance is tested; the inverse mapping process involved in detecting AntePosiBits by adopting a matching or maximal ratio combining method adopts a pre-stored OC set as a database, and then z ═ Σ yi·ocjThe OC corresponding to the maximum value of N is correspondingly searched for AntePosiBits; when the corresponding OC is used for estimating the system frequency offset and the fading channel, the existing estimation method is adopted, and the existing estimation method is to estimate the frequency offset by utilizing second-order and fourth-order statistics and transformation thereof and estimate the fading channel by utilizing the maximum likelihood criterion.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 2.3, the received signal after Cyclic Prefix (CP) removal is used for the full duplex cognitive underwater acoustic communication with high spectral efficiency based on orthogonal code modulation
Figure FDA0002907430250000021
If matching or maximal ratio combining method is used to detect CarrPosiBits, the involved inverse mapping process can use pre-stored OC set as database, and then the database is used
Figure FDA0002907430250000022
The OC corresponding to the maximum value carries out corresponding search for CarrPosiBits.
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