CN109411679A - Ceramic slurry, ceramic diaphragm and lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Ceramic slurry, ceramic diaphragm and lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN109411679A CN109411679A CN201811232164.1A CN201811232164A CN109411679A CN 109411679 A CN109411679 A CN 109411679A CN 201811232164 A CN201811232164 A CN 201811232164A CN 109411679 A CN109411679 A CN 109411679A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/446—Composite material consisting of a mixture of organic and inorganic materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/403—Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Abstract
The present invention provides ceramic slurry, ceramic diaphragm and lithium ion batteries.The ceramic slurry includes: ceramic powders；Binder, binder containing polarized and nonpolar binder in the binder；Dispersing agent；And surfactant.The ceramic slurry can form space network in polyolefin base membrane, and caking property is strong, can effectively prevent polyolefin base membrane from shrinking when heated, and then the stability for the ceramic diaphragm that the ceramic slurry can be made to prepare is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of material technology, specifically, being related to ceramic slurry, ceramic diaphragm and lithium ion battery.
Background technique
The thermal stability of lithium ion battery depends primarily on the thermal stability of lithium ion battery septation at present, in order to improve
The thermal stability of lithium ion battery septation should prevent as much as possible polyolefin base membrane from shrinking when heated, therefore usually
Nonetheless one layer of ceramic slurry is coated on the surface of polyolefin base membrane and forms ceramic diaphragm, but, and the heat of lithium ion battery is lost
It is still more serious to control phenomenon, still easily explodes.
Thus, the relevant technologies of existing lithium ion battery still have much room for improvement.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to solve at least some of the technical problems in related technologies.
The present invention is the following discovery based on inventor and completes.
Inventor has found that ceramic diaphragm is easily shunk when heated after the further investigation to ceramic diaphragm, causes
The reason of lithium ion battery thermal runaway phenomenon, is in the binder to form the ceramic slurry of ceramic diaphragm to contain excessive polarity
Functional group, so that the caking property of ceramic slurry is poor, and the polar group of polar functional group formation is heated and easily causes lithium ion
Thermal chemical reaction occurs between each component in battery, and the thermal runaway phenomenon of lithium ion battery is caused to occur, or even causes quick-fried
It is fried.
Based on the above research, inventor improves the stability of ceramic diaphragm, and then improves the stability of lithium ion battery
And safety, nonpolar binder is added in ceramic slurry, so as to reduce the dosage of polarity binder in ceramic slurry,
Avoiding generation pyrolytic reaction when heated of each component in lithium ion battery in turn leads to the thermal runaway phenomenon of lithium ion battery
Occur；In addition, nonpolar binder can form space network with other components in ceramic slurry, to improve ceramic slurry
Expect the caking property in polyolefin base membrane；Meanwhile nonpolar binder can also enhance between ceramic slurry and polyolefin base membrane
Intermolecular force improve ceramic diaphragm to further enhance caking property of the ceramic slurry in polyolefin base membrane
Thermal stability, and then improve the stability and safety of the lithium ion battery including the ceramic diaphragm.
In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide one kind can form solid netted knot in polyolefin base membrane
The pottery that structure, caking property are strong, ceramic diaphragm can effectively be prevented to shrink or may make ceramic diaphragm stability good when heated
Porcelain slurry.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention provides a kind of ceramic slurries.According to an embodiment of the invention, the ceramics
Slurry includes: ceramic powders；Binder, binder containing polarized and nonpolar binder in the binder；Dispersing agent；And table
Face activating agent.Inventors have found that nonpolar binder is added in ceramic slurry, it is viscous so as to reduce polarity in ceramic slurry
The dosage of agent is tied, and then avoid each component in lithium ion battery that pyrolytic reaction occurs when heated to lead to the heat of lithium ion battery
Out-of-control phenomenon occurs；In addition, nonpolar binder can form space network with other components in ceramic slurry, to mention
Caking property of the high ceramic slurry in polyolefin base membrane；Meanwhile nonpolar binder can also enhance ceramic slurry and polyolefin
Intermolecular force between basement membrane improves to further enhance caking property of the ceramic slurry in polyolefin base membrane
The thermal stability of ceramic diaphragm, and then improve the stability and safety of the lithium ion battery including the ceramic diaphragm.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the ceramic powders meet at least one of the following conditions: including boehmite, three oxygen
Change at least one of two aluminium, titanium dioxide, silica, silicon carbide, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, glass fibre；Partial size is 0.1 μ
M-2.5 μm, preferably 0.2 μm -2 μm；Specific surface area is less than or equal to 20m2/ g is preferably smaller than equal to 10m2/g。
According to an embodiment of the invention, the polarity binder is polyacrylate binder, the nonpolarity bonding
Agent is polyolefins binder.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the monomer for forming the polyacrylate binder includes (methyl) acrylonitrile list
Body, (methyl) acrylate monomer and styrene monomer.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the polyolefins binder includes polyethylene kind aqueous binders, PP type
At least one of aqueous binders and its mixture.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the dispersing agent includes polyacrylic dispersing agent.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the polyacrylic dispersing agent include polyacrylic acid monomers with containing sulfonic
The copolymer of monomer.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the surfactant include organo-silicon compound, organofluorine compound, modification have
At least one of machine fluorine compounds and modified organic silicon compound.
According to an embodiment of the invention, also including viscosity modifier in the ceramic slurry.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the viscosity modifier includes at least one in cellulose and cellulose derivative
Kind.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the viscosity of the aqueous solution for the viscosity modifier that mass concentration is 1% is
50mpa·s-5000mpa·s。
According to an embodiment of the invention, the ceramic slurry meets at least one of the following conditions: solid content 30%-
50%；Viscosity is 15mpas-200mpas, preferably 20mpas-120mpas；PH value is 8-10, preferably 9-10.
According to an embodiment of the invention, including: 100 parts by weight of ceramic powders；2 parts by weight of polarity binder-
10 parts by weight；- 5 parts by weight of 0.5 parts by weight of the nonpolarity binder；- 1 parts by weight of 0.5 parts by weight of dispersing agent；The table
- 0.8 parts by weight of 0.01 parts by weight of face activating agent.
In another aspect of the invention, the present invention provides a kind of ceramic diaphragms.According to an embodiment of the invention, the pottery
Porcelain diaphragm includes: polyolefin base membrane；Ceramic coating, the ceramic coating are arranged on the outer surface of the polyolefin base membrane, are
It is formed using mentioned-above ceramic slurry.Inventors have found that the ceramic diaphragm is not easy to shrink when heated, and then can make
It is good to obtain the lithium ion battery stability including the ceramic diaphragm, it is highly-safe and all with mentioned-above ceramic slurry
Feature and advantage no longer excessively repeat herein.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the ceramic coating with a thickness of 1 μm -10 μm.
In an additional aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of lithium ion batteries.According to an embodiment of the invention, should
Lithium ion battery includes: anode；Cathode；Mentioned-above ceramic diaphragm, the ceramic diaphragm setting is in the anode and cathode
Between.Inventors have found that the stability of the lithium ion battery is good, it is highly-safe, and the institute with mentioned-above ceramic diaphragm
There are feature and advantage, no longer excessively repeats herein.
The present invention at least has the advantages that
1, the higher nonpolar binder of thermal decomposition temperature is added in ceramic slurry, reduces the use of polarity binder
Amount；
2, the nonpolar formation such as binder and polarity binder, dispersing agent space network, while enhancing and polyene
Intermolecular force between hydrocarbon based membranes, especially dispersion force increase the adhesive force of ceramic slurry and polyolefin base membrane, in turn
Improve the thermal stability of ceramic diaphragm；
3, the electrolyte swellability of nonpolar binder is low, reduces polarity binder use by the way that nonpolar binder is added
Amount can reduce the swellability of binder in ceramic coating, improve ion ducting capacity, improve the electrical property of ceramic diaphragm；
4, by the way that nonpolar binder is added, and combine the surface tension for adjusting ceramic slurry, can ceramic coating at
Change ceramic coating and polyolefin-based membrane interface macromolecule membranous layer structure in membrane process, can optimize ceramic coating with it is polyolefin-based
Membrane interface performance reduces the resistance to mass tranfer at interface.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of the section structure of the ceramic diaphragm of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 shows the schematic diagram of the section structure of the ceramic diaphragm of another embodiment of the present invention.
Appended drawing reference:
100: ceramic diaphragm 110: polyolefin base membrane 120: ceramic coating
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail.The embodiments described below is exemplary, and is only used for explaining this hair
It is bright, and be not considered as limiting the invention.Particular technique or condition are not specified in embodiment, according to text in the art
It offers described technology or conditions or is carried out according to product description.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer,
For can be with conventional products that are commercially available.
In one aspect of the invention, the present invention provides a kind of ceramic slurries.According to an embodiment of the invention, the ceramics
Slurry includes: ceramic powders；Binder, binder containing polarized and nonpolar binder in the binder；Dispersing agent；And table
Face activating agent.Inventors have found that nonpolar binder is added in ceramic slurry, it is possible to reduce polarity binder in ceramic slurry
Dosage, avoiding each component in lithium ion battery pyrolytic reaction occurs when heated causes the thermal runaway of lithium ion battery existing
As occurring；In addition, nonpolar binder can form space network with other components in ceramic slurry, to improve ceramics
Caking property of the slurry in polyolefin base membrane；Meanwhile nonpolar binder can also enhance ceramic slurry and polyolefin base membrane it
Between intermolecular force, to further enhance caking property of the ceramic slurry in polyolefin base membrane, improve ceramics every
The thermal stability of film, and then improve the stability and safety of the lithium ion battery including the ceramic diaphragm.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the material of the ceramic powders can be boehmite, aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide
At least one of titanium, silica, silicon carbide, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate and glass fibre.In some embodiments of the present invention
In, because the ceramic materials such as aluminum oxide are from a wealth of sources, be easy to get, high temperature resistant, electrochemical stability are good, with electrolyte compatibility
It is good, and the HF etc. of electrolyte side reaction generation can be adsorbed, the material of the ceramic powders is preferably aluminum oxide as a result,.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the partial size of the ceramic powders can be 0.1 μm -2.5 μm.Of the invention some
In embodiment, the partial size of the ceramic powders can be specially 0.1 μm, 0.5 μm, 1.0 μm, 1.5 μm, 2.0 μm or 2.5 μm.More
Further, the partial size of the ceramic powders can be 0.2 μm -2 μm.In some embodiments of the invention, the ceramic powder
The partial size at end can be specially 0.2 μm, 0.6 μm, 1.0 μm, 1.4 μm or 2 μm.As a result, relative to other particle size ranges, above-mentioned
The moderate in grain size of the ceramic powders of particle size range, can make include the ceramic powders ceramic slurry when being coated
It is less susceptible to form protrusion, surface is smooth, and is not easy to form local defect；Meanwhile good permeability, it is conducive to ion and transmits.In addition, institute
The partial size for stating ceramic powders within the above range, can to include that the ceramic slurries of the ceramic powders is easily dispersed, uniformity
Good, the stability that ceramic diaphragm is formed by when being coated in polyolefin base membrane is good.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the specific surface area of the ceramic powders is less than or equal to 20m2/ g, further, institute
The specific surface area for stating ceramic powders is less than or equal to 10m2/g.In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the ceramic powders
Specific surface area can be 1m2/g、2m2/g、4m2/g、6m2/g、8m2/g、10m2/g.As a result, relative to other specific surface area ranges,
It is smaller in the specific surface area of the ceramic powders of above-mentioned specific surface area range, it is more favorable for dispersion and easily controllable ceramic slurry
In moisture content.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the polarity binder can be polyacrylate binder.The polypropylene
Esters of gallic acid binder can be copolymerized by the three classes monomer of acrylic acid ester emulsion, specifically, three classes monomer can be with are as follows: soft monomer；
Hard monomer；Functional monomer, wherein the glass transition temperature of soft monomer is low, and the adhesive property of polarity binder can be made good；It is hard single
The glass transition temperature of body is high, and the polarity binder can be made to have preferable cohesive strength and higher after soft monomer copolymerization
Use temperature；Functional monomer can make polarity binder chemically react with the other components in the ceramic slurry, shape
At space network, so that the caking property of the ceramic slurry further enhances；In addition, since the three classes monomer is sent out
Both there is polar group in the polarity binder formed after raw copolymerization, there is also non-polar groups, can improve polarity binder
Wettability, improve caking property of the ceramic slurry in polyolefin base membrane, thus further such that include the ceramic slurry
Expect that the stability of the ceramic diaphragm of the ceramic coating formed is good.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the monomer for forming the polyacrylate binder includes (methyl) acrylonitrile list
Body, (methyl) acrylate monomer and styrene monomer, specifically, the polarity binder can be (methyl) acrylonitrile list
The copolymer that body, (methyl) acrylate monomer and styrene monomer are formed, wherein the vitrifying temperature of (methyl) acrylonitrile monemer
It spends low, the adhesive property of the polarity binder can be made good；(methyl) acrylate monomer can make the polarity viscous
Chemical stability and the pliability for tying agent are high；Styrene monomer can make include the ceramic slurry of the polarity binder intensity
Height, stability are good.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the nonpolarity binder can be polyolefins binder.Specifically, described poly-
Olefines binder may include polyethylene kind aqueous binders, PP type aqueous binders and the aqueous bonding of polyethylene kind
The mixture of agent and PP type aqueous binders.Other components in polyolefins binder and ceramic powders form crosslinking
Space network enhances the adhesiveness between ceramic coating and polyolefin base membrane, improves the stability of diaphragm.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the dispersing agent includes polyacrylic dispersing agent.It is some specific in the present invention
In embodiment, the polyacrylic dispersing agent can be specially polyacrylic acid monomers and the copolymer containing sulfonic group monomer,
Specifically, can be the copolymer containing sulfonic double bond olefin monomer and acrylic monomers.Due to containing sulfonic
Monomer can be used as anchoring group, is not only conducive to the dispersion of ceramic powders, also helps the nonpolar binder in ceramic slurry
With other components formed space network, so as to improve including the ceramic slurry formed ceramic coating ceramics every
The stability of film.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the surfactant include organo-silicon compound, organofluorine compound, modification have
At least one of machine fluorine compounds and modified organic silicon compound.In some embodiments of the invention, the surface-active
Agent is non-ionic in organo-silicon compound, organofluorine compound, modified organofluorine compound and modified organic silicon compound
Surfactant can be specially Organic fluoride modified polyorganosiloxanes, polyether-modified polysiloxane etc..Due to nonionic
Type surfactant high temperature resistant and resistance to oxidation, while kinematic viscosity is smaller, therefore the wetability of the ceramic slurry can be made, fitted
Painting property and good leveling property, while the ceramic slurry being coated in polyolefin base membrane after formation ceramic coating, ceramic coating
It is preferable with the interface performance of polyolefin base membrane, to have adjusted the surface tension of ceramic slurry, change the ceramic coating to be formed
With the film layer structure of polyolefin-based membrane interface, and then reduce the resistance to mass tranfer at interface, enhance the ceramic coating with it is described
The ion transmission performance at interface between polyolefin base membrane, to improve the chemical property for the ceramic diaphragm to be formed.
According to an embodiment of the invention, also including viscosity modifier in the ceramic slurry.In some implementations of the invention
In example, the viscosity modifier includes at least one of cellulose and cellulose derivative, is specifically as follows carboxymethyl cellulose
Plain (CMC) etc..Thus, it is possible to make the wetability and good leveling property of ceramic slurry.In some specific embodiments of the invention
In, the viscosity modifier can be the aqueous solution for the carboxymethyl cellulose that mass concentration is 1%, can improve as a result, described
The viscosity of ceramic slurry, and the viscoplasticity of the ceramic slurry is unlikely to excessive again, specifically, the viscosity of the viscosity modifier
It can be 50mpas-5000mpas, in some embodiments of the invention, the viscosity of the viscosity modifier can be
50mpas, 100mpas, 200mpas, 500mpas, 1000mpas, 2000mpas, 5000mpas etc..By
This, modest viscosity, conducive to the application of ceramic slurry.
According to an embodiment of the invention, viscosity herein is measured under conditions of 60rpm, 25 DEG C, institute is tested
The method for stating viscosity is using rotor viscosimeter No.1 rotor test.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the decentralized medium of the ceramic slurry is water, the ceramic slurry is by that will make pottery
Porcelain powder, dispersing agent, polarity binder, nonpolar binder, viscosity modifier, surfactant-dispersed are obtained in water,
In the ceramic slurry, the sequence that each component is added is not particularly limited.In some embodiments of the invention, can first by
Ceramic powders and dispersing agent disperse in water together, then again simultaneously or separately by polarity binder, nonpolar binder, viscosity
Regulator, surfactant are added to the water that the ceramic slurry is made.The device for carrying out the dispersion is not particularly limited,
As long as meeting the requirements, those skilled in the art can according to need carry out flexible choice, in some embodiments of the invention, into
The mode of the row dispersion can also be able to be high shear to be sanded.Dispersion effect is preferable as a result,.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the solid content in the ceramic slurry is 30%-50%.In some realities of the invention
It applies in example, the solid content in the ceramic slurry can be 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50% etc..Thus, it is possible to make pottery
The stability and coatability of porcelain slurry are good.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the viscosity of the ceramic slurry is 15mpas-200mpas.Of the invention
In some embodiments, the viscosity of the ceramic slurry can be 20mpas-120mpas, be specifically as follows 20mpas,
40mpas, 60mpas, 80mpas, 100mpas or 120mpas.Thus, it is possible to make the storage of ceramic slurry steady
Qualitative and coatability is best.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the pH value of the ceramic slurry is 8-10.In some embodiments of the invention, institute
The pH value for stating ceramic slurry can be 9-10, be specifically as follows 9,9.2,9.4,9.6,9.8,10 etc..Thus, it is possible to make ceramics
The optimal stability of slurry.
According to an embodiment of the invention, proportion in the ceramic slurry between each component can be with are as follows: the ceramic powder
Last 100 parts by weight；- 10 parts by weight of 2 parts by weight of polarity binder；- 5 parts by weight of 0.5 parts by weight of the nonpolarity binder；
- 1 parts by weight of 0.5 parts by weight of dispersing agent；- 0.8 parts by weight of 0.01 parts by weight of surfactant.Of the invention some
In specific embodiment, the ceramic powders are 100 parts by weight；The polarity binder can be 2 parts by weight, 4 parts by weight, 6
Parts by weight, 8 parts by weight or 10 parts by weight etc.；Nonpolarity binder 0.5 parts by weight, 1 parts by weight, 2 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight,
4 parts by weight or 5 parts by weight；The dispersing agent can be 0.5 parts by weight, 0.6 parts by weight, 0.7 parts by weight, 0.8 parts by weight, 0.9
Parts by weight or 1 parts by weight；The surfactant can be 0.01 parts by weight, 0.05 parts by weight, 0.1 parts by weight, 0.2 weight
Part, 0.4 parts by weight or 0.8 parts by weight.
According to an embodiment of the invention, on the basis of 100 parts by weight of ceramic powders, the content of the polarity binder
Within the above range, the concentration that ceramic slurry can be made to have enough caking property but polar group is unlikely to excessively high again；Institute
The content for stating nonpolar binder within the above range, can both reduce the dosage of polarity binder, can also bond with polarity
Agent, dispersing agent etc. form space network；The intermolecular force of ceramic slurry and polyolefin base membrane is enhanced simultaneously, especially
It is the adhesion of dispersion force and ceramic coating and polyolefin base membrane, and then improves the thermal stability of ceramic diaphragm；Described point
The content of powder within the above range, can make being uniformly dispersed for ceramic powders, and advantageously form space network, mention
The stability of high ceramic coating；The content of the surfactant within the above range, can make ceramic slurry to polyolefin
The wetability of basement membrane is good, and has not significant impact to physical and chemical performances such as air permeabilities.
In another aspect of the invention, the present invention provides a kind of ceramic diaphragms.According to an embodiment of the invention, reference
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the ceramic diaphragm 100 include: polyolefin base membrane 110；Ceramic coating 120, the ceramic coating 120 are arranged in institute
On the outer surface for stating polyolefin base membrane 110, ceramic coating 120 is formed using mentioned-above ceramic slurry.Invention human hair
Existing, which is not easy to shrink when heated, so can make include the ceramic diaphragm 100 lithium ion battery it is steady
It is qualitative good, it is highly-safe, and the ceramic diaphragm have mentioned-above ceramic slurry all feature and advantage, herein not after
It repeats more.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the polyolefin base membrane 110 can be polyethylene (PE) microporous barrier, polypropylene (PP)
Microporous barrier or polyethylene polypropylene composite micro porous film.Material source is extensive as a result, is easy to get, and cost is relatively low.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the ceramic coating 120 can be 1 μm -10 μm.In some tools of the present invention
In the embodiment of body, the thickness of the ceramic coating 120 can be 1 μm, 2 μm, 4 μm, 6 μm, 8 μm or 10 μm etc..It is described as a result,
The thickness of ceramic coating 120 is moderate, and the ceramic diaphragm 100 including the ceramic coating 120 will not influence lithium ion battery intermediate ion
Transmission, the cycle performance of lithium ion battery can be made preferable；Meanwhile the stability of the ceramic coating 120 is also preferable, it can
So that the ceramic diaphragm 100 is not easy heat shrinkable, the stability of the lithium ion battery including the ceramic diaphragm 100 is good,
It is highly-safe.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the ceramic coating 120 can be made only in one of the polyolefin base membrane 110
(knot on surface (structural schematic diagram is referring to Fig.1), can also be formed on two opposite surfaces of the polyolefin base membrane 110
Structure schematic diagram is referring to Fig. 2).In some embodiments of the invention, the ceramic coating 120 is formed in the polyolefin base membrane
The method on 110 surface can be to be after coating and dry, and coating is specifically as follows micro gravure coating method.Effect is coated as a result,
Preferably, the ceramic coating 120 of formation is relatively stable in the polyolefin base membrane 110, and simple process, is easy to industry
Change.
According to an embodiment of the invention, can be forced air drying method, boulton process to the drying means of ceramic coating 120
Or radiant drying method.In some embodiments of the invention, drying means can be forced air drying method.The temperature of the drying can
Think 45 DEG C -65 DEG C, can be 50 DEG C -60 DEG C further.It in some embodiments of the invention, can be specially 50
DEG C, 52 DEG C, 54 DEG C, 56 DEG C, 58 DEG C, 60 DEG C etc..As a result, polyolefin base membrane 110 be not likely to produce in the drying process compression with
Zhang Yinli and the quality for influencing ceramic diaphragm 100；Meanwhile it can efficiently remove the water in ceramic diaphragm 100.The drying time
20s, 40s, 1min, 2min or 2.5min can be specifically as follows in some embodiments of the invention for 20s-2.5min
Deng.Polyolefin base membrane 110 is not likely to produce compression and Zhang Yinli in the drying process and influences the product of ceramic diaphragm 100 as a result,
Matter；Meanwhile it can efficiently remove the water in ceramic diaphragm 100.
In an additional aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a kind of lithium ion batteries.According to an embodiment of the invention, should
Lithium ion battery includes: anode；Cathode；Mentioned-above ceramic diaphragm, the ceramic diaphragm setting is in the anode and cathode
Between.Inventors have found that the stability of the lithium ion battery is good, it is highly-safe, and the institute with mentioned-above ceramic diaphragm
There are feature and advantage, no longer excessively repeats herein.
According to an embodiment of the invention, lithium ion battery shape, construction, the manufacturing process etc. are not particularly limited, only
It meets the requirements, those skilled in the art can according to need carry out flexible choice.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the lithium ion battery further includes electrolyte, the electrolyte can be liquid electrolyte
Matter, solid electrolyte or gel electrolyte.In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the electrolyte is liquid electrolyte
Matter, the liquid electrolyte impregnate at least part of the anode, cathode and ceramic diaphragm.And those skilled in the art
It is understood that the lithium ion battery further includes in addition to including mentioned-above anode, cathode, electrolyte and ceramic diaphragm
The structure of traditional lithium-ion battery, no longer excessively repeats herein.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the specific type of the lithium ion battery is not particularly limited, can appoint for this field
What known lithium ion battery, no longer excessively repeats herein.
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail.
Embodiment 1
Each component and content in ceramic slurry:
Ceramic powders: aluminum oxide (it is chemical repeatedly, D50:0.53 μm of partial size, specific surface area: 9m2/ g) 100 parts by weight；
Polarity binder: water polyacrylic acid lotion (Rui Weng Co., Ltd., BM900B) 5 parts by weight；
Dispersing agent: polyacrylic (Japanese catalyst, Aqualic GL366) 0.3 parts by weight；
Nonpolar binder: polyethylene kind aqueous binders (Japanese Unitika Corp, SD-1015J) 1 weight
Part；
Surfactant: 0.05 parts by weight of Organic fluoride modified polyorganosiloxanes (SiwellRebon, RB-811)；
Viscosity modifier: carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) (Japanese Daicel Chemical company, DAICEL1220) 1.2 weights
Measure part.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) it disperses aluminum oxide and polyacrylic dispersing agent in suitable quantity of water under agitation, is formed and suspended
Liquid.
(2) dispersion liquid is made in suspension sand milling with sand mill.
(3) under agitation, water polyacrylic acid lotion, polyethylene kind aqueous binders, organic fluorine richness are gathered
Organosiloxane is added in dispersion liquid, ceramic slurry is made, and adjust ceramic slurry by control amount of water to make solid content
40% or so.
The preparation of ceramic diaphragm: using the monolayer polyethylene basement membrane (thickness: 16 μm) of wet process manufacture as basement membrane, use is micro-
Gravure coating process is coated with above-mentioned ceramic slurry in the side of the polyethylene based film, and is guaranteed by dimple plate technical arrangement plan
Ceramic coating with a thickness of 4 μm after drying.Under the conditions of 55 DEG C, ceramic diaphragm is made within dry 2 minutes.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, nonpolar binder be polyethylene kind aqueous binders (Japanese Unitika Corp,
SD-1015J) 5 parts by weight；
Remaining process conditions, parameter are identical as process conditions, the parameter in embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, nonpolar binder be polyethylene kind aqueous binders (Japanese Unitika Corp,
SD-1015J) 0.5 parts by weight；
Remaining process conditions, parameter are identical as process conditions, the parameter in embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
In the present embodiment, surfactant is polyether-modified polysiloxane (SiwellRebon, SR-373) 0.08
Parts by weight.
Remaining process conditions, parameter are identical as process conditions, the parameter in embodiment 1.
Embodiment 5
In the present embodiment, polarity binder is water polyacrylic acid lotion (Chengdu mattress happy, LA133) 6 parts by weight.
Remaining process conditions, parameter are identical as process conditions, the parameter in embodiment 1.
Embodiment 6
In the present embodiment, dispersing agent is ammonium polyacrylate (Japanese SAN NOPCO company, SF8) 0.4 parts by weight.
Remaining process conditions, parameter are identical as process conditions, the parameter in embodiment 1.
Embodiment 7
In the present embodiment, nonpolar binder is PE class aqueous binders (Japanese Unitika Corp, SA-
1010；Bear a heavy burden 2160G, and the result for measuring MFR is to be significantly greater than 0G/10 minutes temperature less than 180 DEG C) 1 parts by weight；
Remaining process conditions, parameter are identical as process conditions, the parameter in embodiment 1.
Embodiment 8
In the present embodiment, surfactant is polyethylene glycols surfactant (Japanese SAN NOPCO company, SN
WET366) 0.2 parts by weight.
Remaining process conditions, parameter are identical as process conditions, the parameter in embodiment 1.
Comparative example 1
In the present embodiment, it is added without nonpolar binder.
Remaining process conditions, parameter are identical as process conditions, the parameter in embodiment 1.
Performance test methods:
(1) tensile property, elongation at break and penetration performance test (test result is shown in Table 1)
Using electronic universal tester (Shenzhen ten thousand survey ETM 103B) stretch certain size shape (width 15mm, length >
Ceramic diaphragm 18cm) records its tensile strength；Made using the ceramic diaphragm that electronic universal tester pierces through certain size shape
It with the needle of diameter 1mm, is punctured with the rate of 50mm/min ± 5mm/min, is tested by GB/T 21302-2007, recorded
Its puncture intensity.Sample is stretched with 50mm/min ± 5mm/min tensile speed by related request in GB/T 1040.3-2006
To fracture, elongation at break is calculated.
(2) peel strength test (test result is shown in Table 1)
There is the side of ceramic coating to cling ceramic diaphragm using 3M adhesive tape (width be 12 millimeters), then by ceramic diaphragm
Base film surface is fixed on the steel plate, and Interal fixation is fixed on the other end of puller system, utilizes electronics in one end of puller system, 3M adhesive tape
Universal tensile experimental machine is pulled open, and peeling force is recorded.
(3) permeability test (test result is shown in Table 1)
Permeating degree tester model: GURLEY4340 is tested by standard GB/T 458-2008, and record penetrates 100cc
Time needed for air.
(4) heat-shrinkable test (test result is shown in Table 1)
Test temperature is 130 DEG C, retention time 1h.Sample preparation and test method are carried out by GB/T 12027-2004.Test two
A sample, is averaged.
(5) lithium ion battery lancing test (test result is shown in Table 1)
The anode of lithium ion battery uses cobalt acid lithium system (being purchased from sail Co., Ltd), and cathode uses active carbon
(being purchased from sail Co., Ltd), electrolyte is ethylene carbonate (EC) and the mixed solvent of methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC) (is purchased from
Sail Co., Ltd), exterior (be purchased from sail Co., Ltd) of the plastic-aluminum packaging film as lithium ion battery.
Ceramic diaphragm (118mm × 1.5m) and anode, cathode are wound into battery core.After drying, to including battery core
Filling electrolyte in plastic-aluminum packaging film, vacuum extraction excess electrolyte seal, lithium ion battery, capacity 3100mA are made
h.Lithium ion battery lancing test is carried out to the lithium ion battery prepared, it is to pass through that needle thorn is not smoldered not on fire in ten minutes,
Otherwise it not pass through, is measured in parallel three times.
(6) high temperature circulation experiment (test result is shown in Table 1)
After the lithium ion battery prepared in (5) is stood 24 hours, under the conditions of 25 DEG C, with the charge and discharge of 4.2V, 0.1C
Rate is electrically operated to lithium ion battery progress charge and discharge, and measurement initial capacity is C0。
Under the conditions of 60 DEG C, 4.2V is charged to the charge-discharge velocity of 0.1C and is discharged to 3.0V, loop test 100 times,
Capacity of lithium ion battery after circulation is C1。
Capacity retention ratio Δ C=(C1/C0) × 100% is averaged after being measured in parallel ten times.
1 the performance test results of table
In upper table 1, as can be seen that polyolefins is added in coated ceramic slurry from embodiment is compared with comparative example
The peeling force of ceramic diaphragm coating and basement membrane significantly improves after binder, and thermal contraction also significantly improves, and lithium ion battery follows
Ring performance also increases.
Height can be improved from the presence that can be seen that sulfonate group in dispersing agent in the comparison of embodiment 1 and embodiment 6
The degree of cross linking of molecule film layer, improves the stability of ceramic coating, and thermal contraction becomes smaller.
As can be seen that the temperature tolerance of polyolefins binder itself is to inhibition warm from the comparison of embodiment 1 and embodiment 7
Contraction has a major impact.
Thermal stability of the addition of the comparative descriptions surfactant and PE binder of embodiment 1 and embodiment 8 to diaphragm
It is had a major impact with electrochemical stability, preferably heat-resistant oxidized surfactant.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example
Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not
It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in office
It can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiment or examples.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the skill of this field
Art personnel can tie the feature of different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples
It closes and combines.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, modifies, replacement and variant.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ceramic slurry characterized by comprising
Ceramic powders；
Binder, binder containing polarized and nonpolar binder in the binder；
Dispersing agent；With
Surfactant.
2. ceramic slurry according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the ceramic powders meet the following conditions at least it
One:
Including in boehmite, aluminum oxide, titanium dioxide, silica, silicon carbide, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate and glass fibre
At least one；
Partial size is 0.1 μm -2.5 μm, preferably 0.2 μm -2 μm；
Specific surface area is less than or equal to 20m2/ g is preferably smaller than equal to 10m2/g。
3. ceramic slurry according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the polarity binder is polyacrylate bonding
Agent, the nonpolarity binder is polyolefins binder；
It is optional, formed the polyacrylate binder monomer include (methyl) acrylonitrile, (methyl) acrylate and
Styrene；
Optional, the polyolefins binder includes polyethylene kind aqueous binders, PP type aqueous binders and its mixes
Close at least one of object.
4. ceramic slurry according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the dispersing agent includes polyacrylic dispersing agent；
Optional, the polyacrylic dispersing agent includes polyacrylic acid monomers and the copolymer for containing sulfonic monomer；
Optional, the surfactant includes organo-silicon compound, organofluorine compound, modified organofluorine compound and modification
At least one of organo-silicon compound.
5. ceramic slurry according to claim 1, which is characterized in that also include viscosity modifier in the ceramic slurry；
Optional, the viscosity modifier includes at least one of cellulose and cellulose derivative；
Optional, the viscosity of the aqueous solution for the viscosity modifier that mass concentration is 1% is 50mpas-5000mpas.
6. ceramic slurry according to claim 1, which is characterized in that meet at least one of the following conditions:
Solid content is 30%-50%；
Viscosity is 15mpas-200mpas, preferably 20mpas-120mpas；
PH value is 8-10, preferably 9-10.
7. ceramic slurry according to claim 1 to 6 characterized by comprising
8. a kind of ceramic diaphragm characterized by comprising
Polyolefin base membrane；
Ceramic coating, the ceramic coating are arranged on the outer surface of the polyolefin base membrane, are appointed using in claim 1-7
What ceramic slurry described in one was formed.
9. ceramic diaphragm according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the ceramic coating with a thickness of 1 μm -10 μm.
10. a kind of lithium ion battery characterized by comprising
Anode；
Cathode；
Ceramic diaphragm described in claim 8 or 9, the ceramic diaphragm setting is between the anode and cathode.
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