CN109410595A - A kind of vehicle detecting system and its method for early warning - Google Patents
A kind of vehicle detecting system and its method for early warning Download PDFInfo
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- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
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- G08G1/042—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled using inductive or magnetic detectors
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of vehicle detecting system and its method for early warning, including vehicle detection module, information of vehicles collection module and upper computer software management module；Vehicle detection module is connect with information of vehicles collection module；Information of vehicles collection module is connect with upper computer software management module；Vehicle detection module includes magnetoresistive sensor module, and magnetoresistive sensor module is embedded under pavement of road, to detect road vehicle information, and will test data and is sent to information of vehicles collection module；Information of vehicles collection module is sent to upper computer software management module to the information of vehicles for transmitting magnetoresistive sensor module；Upper computer software management module analyzes the information of vehicles received, carries out early warning to traffic police by analysis result, and send analysis result on the number of default traffic administration personnel mobile phone in the form of short message；The present invention can facilitate traffic police to know road traffic condition, make counter-measure in time, reduce security risk.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to road information testing field, especially a kind of vehicle detecting system and its method for early warning.
Background technique
In recent years, along with the fast development of China's economy, the modernization of social life also accelerates paces, this progress
There is sufficient performance in the traffic system in China.Automobile usage amount increases sharply and leads to traffic congestion, frequent accidents
Occur, this, which not only causes time waste, returns the life of our people and cause huge economic loss and environmental pollution.Cause
This, traffic problems become the most important thing that we will solve the problems, such as.In China, traffic route is criss-cross, and viaduct is less,
So that all directions carry out vehicle and require to cross in intersection to pass through.And another phenomenon is that road is let pass without vehicle green light.At present
The most of intersections in China are then the traffic order that crossing is maintained by the variation of timing controlled traffic lights.It is this fixed
When the method that controls there is very big drawback.In order to overcome drawback, traffic caused by economic fast development is further mitigated
Flow saturation problem, is furtherd investigate and the traffic system for improving intelligent, high automation is imperative.
Currently used wagon flow quantity monitoring method mainly has loop coil, the certain methods such as microwave and video.But big polyphyly
The problems such as uniting in the presence of installation is complicated, detection accuracy is low, system is unstable, and can not work normally in the presence of a harsh environment.For example,
Loop coil precision is high, and structure is simple but is unfavorable for installing and safeguard；Microwave is easy for installation but is easy to be protected from environmental；Video
Testing cost is high and can be influenced to reduce detection accuracy by external factor.So requiring its tool for vehicle flux monitor system in road
Have the characteristics that accurate information collection, stability and cost performance are high and easy for installation.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, can will be collected the purpose of the present invention is to propose to a kind of vehicle detecting system and its method for early warning
Information of vehicles, be sent to host computer in real time, traffic police facilitated to know road traffic condition, make counter-measure in time, reduce peace
Full hidden danger.
The present invention is realized using following scheme: a kind of vehicle detecting system, including vehicle detection module, information of vehicles are collected
Module and upper computer software management module；The vehicle detection module is connect with the information of vehicles collection module；The vehicle
Information collection module is connect with the upper computer software management module；The vehicle detection module includes magnetoresistive sensor module,
The magnetoresistive sensor module is embedded under pavement of road, to detect road vehicle information, and be will test data and is sent to institute
State information of vehicles collection module；The information of vehicles collection module is installed on roadside mark post or the mark post of road overhead suspension,
Information of vehicles to transmit the magnetoresistive sensor module is sent to the upper computer software management module；The host computer
Software management module analyzes the information of vehicles received, carries out early warning to traffic police by analysis result, and will divide
Analysis result is sent on preset phone number in the form of short message.
Further, the information of vehicles is specially to have vehicle logical by the magnetoresistive sensor module or without vehicle
Cross the magnetoresistive sensor module.
Further, the vehicle detection module further includes power module, A/D conversion module, single-chip minimum system, liquid
Brilliant display module and wireless communication module；The magnetoresistive sensor module, the power module, the LCD MODULE and institute
Wireless communication module is stated to connect with the single-chip minimum system.
Further, the magnetoresistive sensor module uses the magnetoresistive sensor of model HMC5883L.
Further, the model STC12C5A60S2 for the single-chip microcontroller that the single-chip minimum system uses；The A/D
Conversion module is integrated on the single-chip microcontroller.
Further, the upper computer software management module is analyzed the information of vehicles received, early warning and is sent
Particular content in short message to preset phone number are as follows: the upper computer software management module includes 3 simulation warning lamps, when
The information of vehicles received shows that Vehicle Speed lower than 5km/h, is then determined as traffic congestion, and blinking red lamp makes early warning,
Remind traffic police that scene is gone to check whether traffic accident or abnormal conditions, while short message is sent to preset traffic administration personnel
Phone number on；When the information of vehicles received shows that Vehicle Speed higher than 5km/h and lower than 10km/h, is then determined as
Traffic more congestion, amber light flashing, while short message is sent on the phone number of preset traffic administration personnel；Other situations are green
Lamp is always on, and indicates that traffic is normal.
Further, a kind of method for early warning based on above-mentioned vehicle detecting system, comprising the following steps:
Step S1: the preset multiple HMC5883L magnetoresistive sensors of installation are embedded in the road center in each lane, pacify
Unify direction when dress；The X-direction of HMC5883L is direct north, that is, vehicle forward direction, Y-axis direction due west direction, that is, vertical
To the left in vehicle forward direction, Z axis is straight up；
Step S2: by first row L1Magnetoresistive sensor A11、A12With at a distance from the stop line of crossing be S1, second row L2Magnetoresistive sensor
With first row L1The installation interval of magnetoresistive sensor is S2, remaining each row and the mounting distance of previous row's magnetoresistive sensor are S2；
Step S3: information of vehicles collection module B is set right above road1, overlay area L1To L2Section section；
Step S4: when vehicle driving enters magnetoresistive sensor A11When surface, first current time t is recorded1；Single-chip microcontroller scanning inspection
The survey period is set as T, when having detected vehicle, records the time, and when vehicle leaves identification region, record last time detects this
The time t of vehicle2, and the time data that will test vehicle are transferred to information of vehicles collection module by the wireless communication module
B1；
Step S5: the vehicle letter that information of vehicles collection module described in the upper computer software management module real-time reception sends over
Breath；When being consecutively detected three t2-t1> t3When, i.e., the vehicle body of continuous three vehicles passes through magnetoresistive sensor A11Time be greater than
t3, the upper computer software management module judgement traffic congestion, blinking red lamp, alarm song sounds, while the upper computer software
Management module is sent on " so-and-so road traffic congestion " to the phone number of preset N number of traffic administration personnel, traffic administration people
Member is checked by host computer video monitoring, or scene is gone to observe conditions, wherein t3Indicate that vehicle reaches preset vehicle speed irreducible minimum
Pass through the time of magnetoresistive sensor when value；
Step S6: when being consecutively detected three t4< t2-t1≤t3When, i.e., the vehicle body of continuous three vehicles passes through magnetoresistive sensor
A11Time between [t4,t3] between, the upper computer software management module determines traffic more congestion, amber light flashing, alarm
The sound rises, while the upper computer software management module sends " so-and-so road traffic more congestion " and arrives preset N number of traffic pipe
On the phone number of reason personnel；Wherein t4It indicates to pass through magnetoresistive sensor A when vehicle reaches preset vehicle speed threshold limit value11When
Between；
Step S7: other situations think that traffic is normal, and green light is always on.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The present invention can send in real time host computer for collected information of vehicles, and traffic police is facilitated to know road traffic condition, and
When make counter-measure, reduce security risk.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural block diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the method schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the vehicle detection module the general frame of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the 5V voltage module circuit diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the 3.3V voltage module circuit diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the magnetoresistive sensor bridge structure figure of the embodiment of the present invention.
The pin that Fig. 7 is the HMC5883L of the embodiment of the present invention defines figure.
Fig. 8 is the HMC5883L wiring diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the minimum system wiring diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the clock circuit of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the wireless communication module and interface microcontroller line graph of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 12 is the LCD1602 display module figure of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 13 is the LCD1602 circuit diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 14 is that the data of the embodiment of the present invention export result figure.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiments providing a kind of vehicle detecting system, including vehicle detection module, information of vehicles are received
Collect module and upper computer software management module；The vehicle detection module is connect with the information of vehicles collection module；The vehicle
Information collection module is connect with the upper computer software management module；The vehicle detection module includes magnetoresistive sensor mould
Block, the magnetoresistive sensor module are embedded under pavement of road, to detect road vehicle information, and be will test data and are sent to
The information of vehicles collection module；The information of vehicles collection module is installed on the mark post of roadside mark post or the suspension of road overhead
On, the information of vehicles to transmit the magnetoresistive sensor module is sent to the upper computer software management module；On described
Position machine software management module analyzes the information of vehicles received, carries out early warning to traffic police by analysis result, and
It sends analysis result on preset phone number in the form of short message.
In the present embodiment, the information of vehicles is specially to have vehicle to pass through the magnetoresistive sensor module or no vehicle
Pass through the magnetoresistive sensor module.
As shown in figure 3, in the present embodiment, the vehicle detection module further includes power module, A/D conversion module, list
Piece machine minimum system, LCD MODULE and wireless communication module；It is the magnetoresistive sensor module, the power module, described
LCD MODULE and the wireless communication module are connect with the single-chip minimum system.
In the present embodiment, the magnetoresistive sensor module uses the magnetoresistive sensor of model HMC5883L.
In the present embodiment, the model STC12C5A60S2 for the single-chip microcontroller that the single-chip minimum system uses；Institute
It states on the single-chip microcontroller that A/D conversion module is integrated in the single-chip minimum system.
In the present embodiment, the information of vehicles collection module is installed on roadside or road overhead more preferably, to guarantee number
According to the efficiency of integrality and wireless transmission, which is 5-10 meters, and effective distance about has an area of 30 meters.
In the present embodiment, the upper computer software management module information of vehicles received is analyzed, early warning simultaneously
Sending the SMS to the particular content on preset phone number are as follows: the upper computer software management module is installed on computer,
It can input N number of phone number, when traffic abnormity, send the SMS on specified N number of phone number.It can real-time reception vehicle letter
The information of vehicles (wired or wireless way can be passed through) that breath collection module sends over, and information is stored in number in a tabular form
According in library, and have inquiry, analysis and export function.Upper computer software management module has 3 simulation warning lamps, when what is received
Information of vehicles shows that vehicle flowrate is big and (shows that Vehicle Speed lower than 5km/h), is then determined as traffic congestion, blinking red lamp is done
Early warning out reminds traffic police that scene is gone to check whether traffic accident or abnormal conditions, while short message is sent to preset traffic
On the phone number of administrative staff；(show that Vehicle Speed is higher than when the information of vehicles received shows that vehicle flowrate is larger
5km/h and be lower than 10km/h), then be determined as traffic more congestion, amber light flashing, while short message is sent to preset traffic administration
On the phone number of personnel；Other situation green lights are always on, and indicate that traffic is normal.
As shown in Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, a kind of method for early warning based on above-mentioned vehicle detecting system, including following step
It is rapid:
Step S1: installation is preset multiple (installing number according to actual needs to be installed), the HMC5883L magneto-resistive transducing
Device, is embedded in the road center in each lane, and when installation unifies direction；The X-direction of HMC5883L is direct north, that is, vehicle
Direction of advance, Y-axis be directed toward due west direction i.e. perpendicular to vehicle forward direction to the left, Z axis is straight up；
Step S2: by first row L1Magnetoresistive sensor A11、A12With at a distance from the stop line of crossing be S1, second row L2Magnetoresistive sensor
With first row L1The installation interval of magnetoresistive sensor is S2, remaining each row and the mounting distance of previous row's magnetoresistive sensor are S2；
Step S3: information of vehicles collection module B is set right above road1, overlay area L1To L2Section section；
Step S4: when vehicle driving enters magnetoresistive sensor A11When surface, first current time t is recorded1；Single-chip microcontroller scanning inspection
The survey period is set as T, when having detected vehicle, records the time, and when vehicle leaves identification region, record last time detects this
The time t of vehicle2, and the time data that will test vehicle are transferred to information of vehicles collection module by the wireless communication module
B1；
Step S5: the upper computer software management module vehicle letter for receiving information of vehicles collection module and sending over described in real time
Breath；When being consecutively detected three t2-t1> t3When, i.e., the vehicle body of continuous three vehicles passes through magnetoresistive sensor A11Time be greater than
t3, the upper computer software management module judgement traffic congestion, blinking red lamp, alarm song sounds, while the upper computer software
Management module is sent on " so-and-so road traffic congestion " to the phone number of preset N number of traffic administration personnel, traffic administration people
Member is checked by host computer video monitoring, or scene is gone to observe conditions, wherein t3Indicate that vehicle reaches preset vehicle speed irreducible minimum
Pass through the time of magnetoresistive sensor when value；Such as in the present embodiment, defining speed lower than 5km/h is that traffic congestion (can basis
Need self-defining), and assume that length of wagon is 4.5m, then when speed is 5km/h, vehicle passes through magnetoresistive sensor A11When
Between t3=3.24s；
Step S6: when being consecutively detected three t4< t2-t1≤t3When, i.e., the vehicle body of continuous three vehicles passes through magnetoresistive sensor
A11Time between [t4,t3] between, the upper computer software management module determines traffic more congestion, amber light flashing, alarm
The sound rises, while the upper computer software management module sends " so-and-so road traffic more congestion " and arrives preset N number of traffic pipe
On the phone number of reason personnel, wherein t4It indicates to pass through magnetoresistive sensor A when vehicle reaches preset vehicle speed threshold limit value11When
Between；Such as in the present embodiment, speed is defined to be higher than 5km/h and be that traffic more (can be voluntarily fixed as needed lower than 10km/h
Justice), and assume that length of wagon is 4.5m, then when speed is 10km/h, vehicle passes through magnetoresistive sensor A11Time t4=
1.62s；
Step S7: other situations think that traffic is normal, and green light is always on.
In the present embodiment, S in the step S21It is 10 meters, S2It is 20 meters；The step S4Middle single-chip microcontroller Scanning Detction
Cycle T is 0.01 second；T in the step S53For 3.24s, the t4For 1.62s.
Particularly, in the present embodiment, power supply used by hardware system is 9V battery.But in the present embodiment
9V battery cannot directly power, because the ripple of DC voltage institute band is bigger, will increase system in power supply process not
Stability.So need to increase before power supply a filter circuit the ripple in the voltage of output filtering as far as possible, make to export
Voltage is more steady, stablizes.The supply voltage of the single-chip microcontroller as used in the present embodiment is+5V, and the voltage of 9V cannot be direct
Power supply, so also needing to connect the power regulator module that an output voltage is 5V.
When cell voltage variation, voltage regulator circuit, which is able to maintain that, exports stable voltage.The voltage of battery output is logical first
Cross single-phase rectifier diode, the ceramic condenser parallel circuit of the electrolytic capacitor of 100 μ F and 0.1 μ F are tentatively filtered, and are eliminated straight
High frequency spurs and electrostatic interference in galvanic electricity pressure, then a 5V is generated by the voltage regulator circuit that an AMS1117-5.0 is constituted
Voltage output.There is a light emitting diode on AMS1117-5.0 power module, it, can be by the red when circuit works normally
Light emitting diode is lighted, the working power for viewing hardware system.5v power module design is as shown in Figure 4.
Since sensor module is in low voltage operating, supply voltage 2.16-3.6V, so also needing to design an output
For the power module of 3.3V.By the Vin foot of the 5V plant-grid connection GM1117-3.3 of AMS1117-5.0 output, GND is grounding leg,
Vout can be obtained by the voltage of 3.3V as output pin.In order to which performance is relatively good, can also be connect respectively in 2,3 two pins
The direct-to-ground capacitance of two 10uF, as shown in Figure 5.The design of power module circuitry referred to above can satisfy the present embodiment pair
In the needs of power supply.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, the HMC5883L sensor of use is a kind of highly integrated module, is a kind of three axis biography
Sensor.It can achieve the purpose that detect magnetic field by combining with some special auxiliary circuits.It is mentioned when to the sensor
When for working power, the magnetic field for entering sensitive axis in either direction can be converted to voltage output, and the voltage
For difference type.Additionally due to used is AMR sensor, resolution ratio can reach 5 milligauss, and power consumption is not more than simultaneously
100uA.It is more convenient simple when using, and accuracy of measurement is high, and measurement range is wide, and size is small, facilitates test and price is low.
HMC5883L is different from traditional single shaft or twin shaft magnetoresistive sensor, its advantage is apparent.It can detect X simultaneously
The magnetic field of axis, Y-axis and Z axis, integrated level is higher, and the set/reset function of being integrated using itself may be implemented demagnetization, survey certainly,
Migration is carried out by bias driver.It is a kind of highly integrated module of volume very little, and inside is embedded with the biography of a weak magnetic
Sensor, and digitized interface is used, while price is low.HMC5883L magnetoresistive sensor precision is high, and axial sensitivity is high.The biography
Sensor carries out the information such as size, the direction in natural magnetic field to be primarily due to its knot for quadrature axis muting sensitive sense row having
Structure, while measurement range is very wide, from milligauss to 8 Gausses, and integrated level is high.The Magnetic Sensor of Honeywell is passed in downfield
It is sensitivity highest and the best sensor of reliability in sensor industry.Magnetoresistive sensor is that one is fixed on silicon wafer by ferronickel
It may also be referred to as a kind of band resistance element formed for the film that permalloy makes, electric bridge therein is by 4 sizes
What identical magnetoresistive element was constituted, as shown in Figure 6；It can be seen from the figure that this four magnetic resistance original parts are using the knot being mutually aligned
Structure is to constitute a public sensitive axes, in sensitive axes, if magnetic field constantly enhances so voltage and can also export with increase
Voltage only and along the magnetic resistance component of axial upper position has that there are relationships, as long as so other magnetoresistive bridges are located at and sensitivity
When on the mutually orthogonal direction of axis axis, the magnetic field precision in any direction in addition to this can be measured accurately.When
To its additional working power, the magnetic field for entering measurement axis in either direction can be converted to voltage output, and should
The form of voltage is difference type；For the three axis magnetoresistive sensors that are formed using 3 vertical magnetoresistive bridges, can to along
Magnetic field strength in 3 axis directions measures；The pin definition of HMC5883L is as shown in Figure 7.
The circuit of magnetoresistive sensor HMC5883L is as shown in Figure 8.External+3.3V power supply.Due to the traffic conditions in reality
It is complicated and constantly flow, and the present embodiment is by detecting when vehicle passes through for natural magnetic for the acquisition of car flow information
Variation caused by place so not needing setting bias current, therefore is vacantly handled its functional section.SCL foot connects master control
The P1.0 pin of chip STC12C5A60S2, SDA foot connect main control chip P1.1 pin, and DRDY foot is hanging, GND foot ground connection.Due to
HMC5883L is the bridge circuit of set/reset band driving, by internal FETs by the short impulse action of height bit period in
It sets, reset strap, can be equivalent to resistance.So it is corresponding not need redesign for the external circuit of sensor module
It sets, reset function.For measuring every time, which can carry out set automatically and reset operation.When being respectively received set and multiple
When the pulse signal of position, Primary field intensity can be measured respectively, and carry out its measured value to make difference and the half of the numerical value is taken to deposit
It stores up into the output register of three axis, passes through this kind of mode, so that it may eliminate deviation caused by sensor itself or temperature.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, it is controlled using STC12C5A60S2/AD/PWM chip microcontroller,
STC12C5A60S2 is the single-chip microcontroller with single clock, individual machine period (1T), has high speed, low-power consumption, superpower anti-does
A variety of advantages such as disturb, it is compatible on instruction code with common 51 single-chip microcontroller, 10 times of left sides are improved compared to its arithmetic speed
The right side, instruction code is not only compatible with common 51 type single-chip microcontroller, but also its speed is also than the speed of traditional 8051 type single-chip microcontrollers
Spend fast 8-12 times.And it is integrated with the reset circuit being made of MAX810 chip, it is defeated to be internally integrated 2 road PWM for hardware watchdog
Entering, the general asynchronous pull-duplex extending serial port in 2 roads (UART), 8 road 10-bit high speed A/D convert (250K/S, i.e. 250,000 times/second), and
It is directly programmed in application and system with ISP and IAP without using programmable device and emulator, and passes through serial communication
Mode target program is burned.Suitable for motor control and some machines for needing to work under strong jamming occasion
Device.The programmable freedom degree of this scm software is larger, can be programmed by multilingual and realize various arithmetic algorithms or logic control
System.And it is small in size, required peripheral hardware circuit is few and design is simple.Being internally integrated 10,8 tunnel high-speed a/d conversion module can be with
For handling amplified analog signal.And can be used for the communication of wireless serial and host computer with two-way serial port, it realizes
Wireless control.In addition STC12C5A60S2 is widely used in Industry Control, design for its peripheral circuit and in contrast
The art of programming answered all has had a mature system.Its conversion rate of A/D conversion module is reachable inside STC12C5A60S2
It is per second to 250,000 times.The structure for gradually comparing type that the analog-digital converter of STC12C5A60S2 series monolithic uses, feature
It is that conversion speed is fast and low in energy consumption.Single-chip microcontroller operating voltage can be used directly as analog reference voltage.
STC12C5A60S2 minimum system circuit is as shown in Figure 9.Operating voltage is electric using the 5V of AMS1117-5.0 output
Pressure, and power supply high frequency ripple is filtered out using the capacitor of 0.1uF.Peripheral circuit is relatively easy, only needs a reset circuit and one
Crystal oscillating circuit.
Single-chip microcontroller crystal oscillator provides most basic operating clock signals pulse for system.The pulse is related to single-chip microcontroller
Operating rate.It is the working frequency of single-chip microcontroller that the present embodiment, which selects 11.0592M crystal oscillator,.Crystal oscillator and single-chip microcontroller pin XTAL1 and
The oscillating circuit that foot XTAL2 is constituted can generate a harmonic wave, although influence of this harmonic wave to circuit is little, can reduce clock
The stability of oscillator.Therefore, elimination height is filtered to the output signal of crystal oscillator by using the capacitor that 2 sizes are 22pF
Frequency ripple is to improve the stability of clock.Crystal oscillating circuit is as shown in Figure 10.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, wireless transmission circuit transmits mould using XL02-232AP1 micropower wireless transparent
Block is manufactured with wireless receiving and dispatching IC of good performance and ATMEL single-chip microcontroller profession, and anti-interference is good, and communication robust is reliable,
Data can be transmitted by serial ports, it is not in loss of data, and reaction speed is very fast that circuit connection is convenient.
Point-to-point mutual transmission may be implemented in the signal of communication of XL02-232AP1 wireless transport module, but cannot be simultaneously
It carries out, the working communication mode of the module initialization is the receiving terminal as data.The present embodiment utilizes the wireless transport module
By the structure of one main website and several slave stations of design, the message transmission mode between a point and multiple points is realized, wherein
Main website is only used to receive information and slave station is only used to send information, and carries out to these websites position encoded.Transmitted by slave station
Information all has corresponding position encoded, and the data received are then judged the number sent according to the address code of corresponding slave station
According to from which lane detection point.In order to eliminate interference, above-mentioned work requires to write upper-layer protocol, it is ensured that is received is
There is no the partial data of frame losing.
The working power of XL02-232AP1 wireless transport module is the DC voltage of 5V, and rated current 0.06A can be with
Power supply is shared with other equipment, and to guarantee reliable ground and power supply.The present embodiment use with remaining circuit share by
+ 5V the power supply of AMS1117-5.0 output, stable working state.Output it pin TxD and data receiver input pin RxD points
It is not connected to the data receiver input pin RxD and output pin TxD of single-chip microcontroller.Set function SET is parameter setting function end, when
Pin input is opened setting function and is put and gives a green light when being low level, can be by the pin set high level when not using the function
Or it is hanging.Module and interface microcontroller line are as shown in figure 11.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, LCD1602 industry character mode lcd is shown, can be shown 32 characters, is arranged as
Two rows 16 column.LCD1602 is a kind of integer liquid crystal, it is to be specifically used to show number, letter, symbol.By multiple dot matrix
Character bit is mutually arranged, and for common dot matrix number by 5*11 or 5*7, the character bit that each dot matrix is constituted can show one
A character, any two character bit have the spacing of a dot matrix, character pitch can be got up.In the present embodiment, liquid crystal
Show and character and number is mainly shown, so being suitable with LCD1602.
For the display module of the present embodiment as shown in figure 12 using LCD1602 liquid crystal display, LCD1602 is exactly character
Type LCD MODULE can show 16 × 2 characters, and operating voltage range is 4.5-5.5V, and optimum operating voltage is
5.0V, the operating current under 5.0V operating voltage are 2.0mA, and the size of character is 2.95 × 4.35 (W × H) mm；LCD1602
Pin definition is as shown in table 1.
1 LCD1602 pin of table defines table
LCD1602 LCD MODULE is mainly used for the initial stage test of system, is not necessarily to show mould in actual product application design
Block.Character-type liquid crystal display module LCD1602 circuit is as shown in figure 13.Operating voltage and backlight all use AMS1117-5.0
The 5V voltage of output.Since when being used as I/O port for P0 mouthfuls of STC12C5A60S2 single-chip microcontroller, P0 is that 8 levels are two-way
Mouthful, the existing weak pull-up resistor in inside, so being not necessarily to external pull-up resistor when the P0 mouthfuls of data outputs as display module
Directly it is connect with LCD MODULE respective pin.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, carrying out following experiment test:
Three axis magnetoresistive sensors are horizontal positioned on the ground, and enabling the direction of X-axis is direct north, then Y-axis is directed toward due west direction,
Z axis is straight up.In experimentation, the moving direction of automobile from west to east from the surface of magnetoresistive sensor pass through, obtain as
Test data shown in table 2 is as a result, data output result figure is as shown in figure 14.Distance is magnetoresistive sensor and vehicle in experiment test
The distance of head.
2 test result data table of table
From experimental data can through finding out, automobile apart from magnetoresistive sensor farther out when, the voltage in three axial directions is
It is constant because magnetic field is not by the interference of automobile.When vehicle distances magnetoresistive sensor certain distance, magnetic field is disturbed,
The upward voltage of sensor axis starts to change.Judging from the experimental results, X-axis early start changes, but the amplitude generally changed
Less, and main fluctuation is after headstock has already passed through above magnetoresistive sensor, and Y-axis fluctuating range is less than X-axis, almost tends to flat
Surely.Z axis voltage right above the automobile process before have increase by a small margin, but when headstock can after magnetoresistive sensor top
To see that Z axis voltage has an apparent a sharp decline, distance just rise gradually after slowly becoming larger be restored to it is original
State.So the experimental results showed that the variation of Z axis is the largest.
In the horizontal direction due to X-axis and Y-axis, may because of direction difference result is had an impact, and Z axis vertically to
On, change in horizontal direction will not be at influence, so using the voltage of Z axis to determine whether there is vehicle by being feasible
's.
In conjunction with software section, as long as by establishing suitable threshold value, so that it may exclude as other lane vehicles interference and
Two vehicle headtotails are accomplished more accurately to detect vehicle flowrate apart from close interference.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, using STC12C5A60S2 single-chip microcontroller control system the most minimum, using
System of the HMC5883L as sensor node.By the way that wireless module is added, sensor is contacted with master control system, is realized to wagon flow
The detection of amount.Information of vehicles collection system is mainly collected from the collected information of vehicles of magnetoresistive sensor under pavement of road, and
It is sent to PC control end system in real time, facilitates traffic police to know road traffic condition, makes counter-measure in time.The present embodiment
The problems such as stability encountered in control for intelligent transportation system, accuracy of detection, energy conservation and environmental protection, is significant.Nothing
It needs control room administrative staff to keep a close watch on video monitoring picture always, traffic conditions can be known by sound or short message.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all equivalent changes done according to scope of the present invention patent with
Modification, is all covered by the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of vehicle detecting system, it is characterised in that: soft including vehicle detection module, information of vehicles collection module and host computer
Part management module；The vehicle detection module is connect with the information of vehicles collection module；The information of vehicles collection module with
The upper computer software management module connection；The vehicle detection module includes magnetoresistive sensor module, the magnetoresistive sensor
Module is embedded under pavement of road, to detect road vehicle information, and be will test data and is sent to the information of vehicles collection
Module；The information of vehicles collection module is installed on roadside mark post or the mark post of road overhead suspension, to by the magnetic resistance
The information of vehicles of sensor module transmission is sent to the upper computer software management module；The upper computer software management module pair
The information of vehicles received is analyzed, and carries out early warning to traffic police by analysis result, and by analysis result with short message
Form is sent on the phone number of default traffic administration personnel.
2. a kind of vehicle detecting system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the information of vehicles is specially to have vehicle
Pass through the magnetoresistive sensor module by the magnetoresistive sensor module or without vehicle.
3. a kind of vehicle detecting system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the vehicle detection module further includes electricity
Source module, A/D conversion module, single-chip minimum system, LCD MODULE and wireless communication module；The magnetoresistive sensor mould
Block, the power module, the LCD MODULE and the wireless communication module are connect with the single-chip minimum system.
4. a kind of vehicle detecting system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the magnetoresistive sensor module uses
The magnetoresistive sensor of model HMC5883L.
5. a kind of vehicle detecting system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the single-chip minimum system uses
Single-chip microcontroller model STC12C5A60S2；The A/D conversion module is integrated on the single-chip microcontroller.
6. a kind of vehicle detecting system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the upper computer software management module pair
The information of vehicles received analyzed, early warning and sends the SMS to particular content on preset phone number are as follows: on described
Position machine software management module includes 3 simulation warning lamps, when the information of vehicles received shows Vehicle Speed lower than 5km/
H is then determined as traffic congestion, and blinking red lamp makes early warning, reminds traffic police that scene is gone to check whether traffic accident or exception
Situation, while short message is sent on the phone number of preset traffic administration personnel；When the information of vehicles received shows vehicle
Travel speed is higher than 5km/h and is lower than 10km/h, then it is pre- to be determined as that traffic more congestion, amber light flashing, while short message are sent to
If traffic administration personnel phone number on；Other situation green lights are always on, and indicate that traffic is normal.
7. a kind of method for early warning of the vehicle detecting system based on any one of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that: including following step
It is rapid:
Step S1: the preset multiple HMC5883L magnetoresistive sensors of installation are embedded in the road center in each lane, pacify
Unify direction when dress；The X-direction of HMC5883L is direct north, that is, vehicle forward direction, Y-axis direction due west direction, that is, vertical
To the left in vehicle forward direction, Z axis is straight up；
Step S2: first row L1Magnetoresistive sensor A11、A12With at a distance from the stop line of crossing be S1, second row L2Magnetoresistive sensor with
First row L1The installation interval of magnetoresistive sensor is S2, remaining each row and the mounting distance of previous row's magnetoresistive sensor are S2；
Step S3: information of vehicles collection module B is set right above road1, overlay area L1To L2Section section；
Step S4: when vehicle driving enters magnetoresistive sensor A11When surface, first current time t is recorded1；Single-chip microcontroller scanning inspection
The survey period is set as T, when having detected vehicle, records the time, and when vehicle leaves identification region, record last time detects this
The time t of vehicle2, and the time data that will test vehicle are transferred to information of vehicles collection module by the wireless communication module
B1；
Step S5: the vehicle letter that information of vehicles collection module described in the upper computer software management module real-time reception sends over
Breath；When being consecutively detected three t2-t1> t3When, i.e., the vehicle body of continuous three vehicles passes through magnetoresistive sensor A11Time be greater than
t3, the upper computer software management module judgement traffic congestion, blinking red lamp, alarm song sounds, while the upper computer software
Management module is sent on " so-and-so road traffic congestion " to the phone number of preset N number of traffic administration personnel, traffic administration people
Member is checked by host computer video monitoring, or scene is gone to observe conditions, wherein t3Indicate that vehicle reaches preset vehicle speed irreducible minimum
Pass through the time of magnetoresistive sensor when value；
Step S6: when being consecutively detected three t4< t2-t1≤t3When, i.e., the vehicle body of continuous three vehicles passes through magnetoresistive sensor
A11Time between [t4,t3] between, the upper computer software management module determines traffic more congestion, amber light flashing, alarm
The sound rises, while the upper computer software management module sends " so-and-so road traffic more congestion " and arrives preset N number of traffic pipe
On the phone number of reason personnel, wherein t4It indicates to pass through magnetoresistive sensor A when vehicle reaches preset vehicle speed threshold limit value11When
Between；
Step S7: other situations think that traffic is normal, and green light is always on.
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Application publication date: 20190301 |