CN109409674B - Drainage basin brown infrastructure current situation regulation and storage capacity assessment method - Google Patents

Drainage basin brown infrastructure current situation regulation and storage capacity assessment method Download PDF

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CN109409674B
CN109409674B CN201811120402.XA CN201811120402A CN109409674B CN 109409674 B CN109409674 B CN 109409674B CN 201811120402 A CN201811120402 A CN 201811120402A CN 109409674 B CN109409674 B CN 109409674B
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秦天玲
吕振豫
严登华
刘姗姗
史婉丽
陈娟
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China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research
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Abstract

The invention discloses a watershed brown infrastructure current situation regulation and storage capacity assessment method which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: carrying out space distribution and standardization treatment on the DEM data of the drainage basin, the gradient, the land utilization type, the soil type and the effective depth of the soil, and determining a basic evaluation unit of the regulating and storing capacity of the brown infrastructure; calculating the characteristic storage capacity of a soil reservoir of each evaluation unit by using the soil moisture characteristic index and combining the effective depth of the soil; calculating the storage capacity of each infrastructure by taking the characteristic storage capacity as a background value according to the area weight, and obtaining the total storage capacity of the brown infrastructure of each evaluation unit; and (4) carrying out statistical summation, and quantifying the storage regulation capability of the watershed scale brown infrastructure. The invention provides a new idea for evaluating the storage regulation capacity of the watershed scale brown infrastructure, and meets the practical requirements of current sponge watershed construction and drought and waterlogging disaster coping.

Description

Drainage basin brown infrastructure current situation regulation and storage capacity assessment method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of evaluation of infrastructure regulation and storage capacity in sponge basin construction, and particularly relates to a statistical algorithm for evaluation of brown infrastructure regulation and storage capacity.
Background
Under the influence of climate change and human activities, the watershed water circulation and the accompanying process thereof are greatly changed, the stability is reduced, the original natural change rhythm is changed, the consistency hypothesis is broken, the occurrence frequency of extreme events is greatly increased, and drought and flood disasters caused by the change are increasingly serious. Therefore, the natural regulation capacity of the drainage basin needs to be fully exerted, the comprehensive regulation performance of the drainage basin is integrally improved, and the 'extreme' situation of water circulation is met.
The soil is a loose porous body which is composed of countless aggregates and particle structures with water storage function, water holding pores account for 30% of soil body, has the functions of storing and regulating water, and is a 'water storage body' with the largest watershed. After the precipitation falls to the ground, most of the precipitation is intercepted by soil and stored to form soil water. The soil is used as a carrier, and brown infrastructures such as slope-to-ladder engineering, slope furrow construction, soil improvement measures, farming management, urban low-influence development and the like are constructed, so that the storage amount of effective rainfall in a drainage basin can be greatly increased, and the effects of leveling extreme values, storing abundance and replenishing withering are achieved.
Until now, a great deal of research has been carried out by relevant scholars on the regulation and storage effect of soil on water resources. However, after artificial disturbance, the regulation and storage of water resources by brown infrastructure is still rarely reported and lacks of quantitative indexes. In order to overcome the defects, a method for quantitatively evaluating the water resource storage capacity by using the watershed scale brown infrastructure is established, and the problem to be solved by the inventor is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a watershed brown infrastructure current condition storage capacity assessment method, which can simply, quickly and quantitatively calculate the storage capacity of the watershed scale brown infrastructure to water resources and provide data support for sponge watershed and water ecological civilization construction.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a watershed brown infrastructure current condition regulation and storage capacity assessment method comprises the following steps:
s1: carrying out space distribution and standardization treatment on the DEM data of the drainage basin, the gradient, the land utilization type, the soil type and the effective depth of the soil, and determining a basic evaluation unit of the regulating and storing capacity of the brown infrastructure;
s2: calculating the characteristic storage capacity of a soil reservoir of each evaluation unit by using the soil moisture characteristic index and combining the effective depth of the soil;
s3: calculating the storage capacity of each infrastructure by taking the characteristic storage capacity as a background value according to the area weight, and obtaining the total storage capacity of the brown infrastructure of each evaluation unit;
s4: and (4) carrying out statistical summation, and quantifying the storage regulation capability of the watershed scale brown infrastructure.
Further, the specific step of S1 in the watershed brown infrastructure status quoting capacity evaluation method is: reclassifying data comprising river basin DEM data, gradient, land utilization type, soil type and soil effective depth, and performing spatial fusion; after the space fusion, the areas with the same gradient, land utilization, soil type and soil effective depth are used as a basic evaluation unit.
Further, the specific step of S2 in the watershed brown infrastructure status quoting capacity evaluation method is:
s21: according to the soil characteristic parameters, calculating by using a SPAW model tool to obtain a soil moisture characteristic index;
s22: based on soil and fertilizer stations in a research area and experimental observation results, performing spatial distribution on the effective soil depth data by using the ARCGIS to obtain effective soil depth values of all evaluation units;
s23: and calculating the characteristic storage capacity of the soil reservoir of each evaluation unit.
Wherein the soil characteristic parameters comprise soil particle composition and organic matter content; the soil moisture characteristic indexes comprise saturated water content, field water capacity and wilting water content.
Further, in the watershed brown infrastructure status quo regulation and storage capability evaluation method, the characteristic storage capacity of the "soil reservoir" in S23 includes: dead storage capacity, effective storage capacity, flood storage capacity and total storage capacity, wherein the concept of effective depth of soil is introduced, and the calculation is as follows:
Figure BDA0001811126180000021
Figure BDA0001811126180000022
Figure BDA0001811126180000023
Figure BDA0001811126180000024
Figure BDA0001811126180000025
in the formula, W0、WF、WG、WSRespectively corresponding to dead storage capacity, effective storage capacity, flood holding storage capacity and total storage capacity of the soil reservoir, namely ten thousand cubic meters; h is the effective depth of the soil, cm; n is the number of soil layers; h isiThe thickness of each soil layer is cm; omegai、mi、θiRespectively corresponding to withering water content, field water holding capacity and saturated water content of corresponding soil layers, cm3/cm3(ii) a A is the area of the corresponding evaluation unit, km2。
Further, the specific step of S3 in the watershed brown infrastructure status quoting capacity evaluation method is:
s31: according to basin management and development planning, combining field investigation and research, determining the area weight of various infrastructures on an evaluation unit, including slope changing ladders, slope furrows, soil improvement, farming management and urban low-impact development;
s32: the effective storage capacity of the soil reservoir is taken as a background value, and the regulation and storage capacity of various infrastructures on the evaluation unit is calculated quantitatively;
s33: and (4) performing statistical addition, and calculating the total storage capacity of the brown infrastructure of each evaluation unit.
Further, in the watershed brown infrastructure present regulation capability evaluation method, the calculation method of the regulation capability of each type of infrastructure in S32 is as follows:
the regulation and storage capacity of the slope-to-ladder: w1＝C1×R×λ1A/10；
Regulating and storing capacity of the slope furrows:
Figure BDA0001811126180000031
soil property improvement regulation and storage capacity: w3＝C3×WF×λ3；
Regulation and storage capacity of farming management: w4＝C4×Pe×λ4A；
The regulation and storage capacity of urban low-impact development: w5＝β×WF×λ5/100；
In the formula, WiFor regulation capacity of type i infrastructure, ten thousand cubic meters; ciObtaining a conversion coefficient through field experiments; lambda [ alpha ]iRepresents the proportion of the i-th type infrastructure implementation area to the total area of the evaluation units, and is 0 ≦ Sigma λiLess than or equal to 1; r is runoff depth, mm; a is the area of the corresponding evaluation unit, km2(ii) a h is the ridge height m; d is the width of the groove, m; gamma is the grid slope; wFIs the effective storage capacity of the soil reservoir, namely, ten thousand cubic meters; peIs used for lowering the rain depth by mm; beta represents the increase rate,%, of the water permeable area for low impact development; wherein, i is 1, 2, …, 5.
Further, in the watershed brown infrastructure present regulation capability evaluation method, the calculation formula of the S33 evaluation unit brown infrastructure total regulation capability is as follows:
Figure BDA0001811126180000032
in the formula, WjRepresents the total regulating and storing capacity of the brown infrastructure of the jth evaluation unit, namely ten thousand cubic meters; wFjThe effective storage capacity of the soil reservoir of the jth evaluation unit is shown in ten-thousand cubic meters; wijIndicating the regulation capacity of the ith type of infrastructure of the jth evaluation unit, in ten thousand cubic meters.
Further, in the watershed brown infrastructure present regulation capability evaluation method, the S4 watershed scale brown infrastructure regulation capability is represented as:
Figure BDA0001811126180000033
in the formula, WGeneral assemblyRegulating storage capacity for the watershed brown infrastructure, ten thousand cubic meters; and N is the total number of evaluation units in the watershed.
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Some example embodiments of the invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings; this invention may, however, be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, the drawings illustrate some example embodiments of the invention, together with the description, and serve to explain the principles and aspects of the invention.
In the drawings, the size may be exaggerated for clarity of illustration. Like numbers refer to like elements throughout.
Fig. 1 schematically shows a flow chart of a watershed brown infrastructure present regulation capability assessment method according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 schematically shows a flow field boundary and DEM information according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 schematically shows the calculation result of the total reservoir capacity of the "soil reservoir" of the Sihewa zone according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 schematically shows the calculation result of the storage capacity for construction of the valley of the Sihefu river basin according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In the following detailed description, certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown and described, simply by way of illustration. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature, and not as restrictive.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for evaluating the current regulation and storage capability of a drainage basin brown infrastructure includes the steps of:
s1: and carrying out space distribution and standardization treatment on the DEM data of the drainage basin, the gradient, the land utilization type, the soil type and the effective depth of the soil, and determining a basic evaluation unit of the regulating and storing capacity of the brown infrastructure.
The concrete expression is as follows: reclassifying data including the data of the river basin DEM, the gradient, the land utilization type, the soil type and the effective depth of the soil by using a Raster calculation tool (ramp algorithm) in the ARCGIS platform according to relevant standard standards; fusing each spatial attribute table by using an ARCGIS platform spatial analysis tool; after the space fusion, the areas with the same gradient, land utilization, soil type and soil effective depth are used as a basic evaluation unit.
S2: and calculating the characteristic storage capacity of the soil reservoir of each evaluation unit by using the soil moisture characteristic index and combining the effective depth of the soil.
The concrete expression is as follows:
firstly, according to soil characteristic parameters, a SPAW model tool is used for calculating and obtaining a soil moisture characteristic index. Specifically, the numerical values of the soil particle composition and the organic matter content are obtained by using relevant records of 'Chinese soil' and 'Chinese soil speciation', and the soil particle composition is converted into an international system by using a cubic spline function. And (4) importing the converted soil particle composition and organic matter content data into an SPAW model, and calculating soil moisture characteristic indexes such as saturated water content, field water capacity, wilting water content and the like.
And secondly, based on the soil and fertilizer stations in the research area and experimental observation results, combining the vector boundary of the research area, adding an attribute table, and performing spatial distribution on the effective soil depth data by using the ARCGIS to obtain the effective soil depth values of all the evaluation units.
And finally, calculating the characteristic storage capacity of the soil reservoir of each evaluation unit by using the soil moisture characteristic index obtained by calculation according to the effective depth of the soil. The characteristic storage capacity of the "soil reservoir" includes: dead storage capacity, effective storage capacity, flood storage capacity and total storage capacity, wherein the concept of effective depth of soil is introduced, and the calculation is as follows:
Figure BDA0001811126180000051
Figure BDA0001811126180000052
Figure BDA0001811126180000053
Figure BDA0001811126180000054
Figure BDA0001811126180000055
in the formula, W0、WF、WG、WSRespectively corresponding to dead storage capacity, effective storage capacity, flood holding storage capacity and total storage capacity of the soil reservoir, namely ten thousand cubic meters; h is the effective depth of the soil, cm; n is the number of soil layers; h isiThe thickness of each soil layer is cm; omegai、mi、θiRespectively corresponding to withering water content, field water holding capacity and saturated water content of corresponding soil layers, cm3/cm3(ii) a A is the area of the corresponding evaluation unit, km2。
S3: and calculating the storage capacity of each type of infrastructure by taking the characteristic storage capacity as a background value according to the area weight, and obtaining the total storage capacity of the brown infrastructure of each evaluation unit.
Firstly, according to basin management and development planning, combining with field research, counting the implementation area and spatial distribution of various infrastructures including slope changing ladders, slope furrows, soil improvement, farming management and urban low-impact development in the basin, and determining the area weight of various infrastructures on an evaluation unit.
And secondly, quantitatively calculating and evaluating the regulation and storage capacity of various infrastructures on the unit by taking the effective storage capacity of the soil reservoir as a background value. The calculation formula is specifically as follows:
the regulation and storage capacity of the slope-to-ladder: w1＝C1×R×λ1A/10；
Regulating and storing capacity of the slope furrows:
Figure BDA0001811126180000056
soil property improvement regulation and storage capacity: w3＝C3×WF×λ3；
Regulation and storage capacity of farming management: w4＝C4×Pe×λ4A；
The regulation and storage capacity of urban low-impact development: w5＝β×WF×λ5/100；
In the formula, WiFor regulation capacity of type i infrastructure, ten thousand cubic meters; ciObtaining a conversion coefficient through field experiments; lambda [ alpha ]iRepresents the proportion of the i-th type infrastructure implementation area to the total area of the evaluation units, and is 0 ≦ Sigma λiLess than or equal to 1; r is runoff depth, mm; a is the area of the corresponding evaluation unit, km2(ii) a h is the ridge height m; d is the width of the groove, m; gamma is the grid slope; wFIs the effective storage capacity of the soil reservoir, namely, ten thousand cubic meters; peIs used for lowering the rain depth by mm; beta represents the increase rate,%, of the water permeable area for low impact development; wherein, i is 1, 2, …, 5.
And finally, counting and adding, and calculating the total storage capacity of the brown infrastructure of each evaluation unit. The calculation formula is specifically as follows:
Figure BDA0001811126180000061
in the formula, WjRepresents the total regulating and storing capacity of the brown infrastructure of the jth evaluation unit, namely ten thousand cubic meters; wFjThe effective storage capacity of the soil reservoir of the jth evaluation unit is shown in ten-thousand cubic meters; wijIndicating the regulation capacity of the ith type of infrastructure of the jth evaluation unit, in ten thousand cubic meters.
S4: and (4) carrying out statistical summation, and quantifying the storage regulation capability of the watershed scale brown infrastructure. The method is specifically characterized in that the adjustment and storage capacity of the brown infrastructure on each evaluation unit in the watershed is statistically summed, and the adjustment and storage capacity of the brown infrastructure in the watershed is obtained through calculation. The calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0001811126180000062
in the formula, WGeneral assemblyRegulating storage capacity for the watershed brown infrastructure, ten thousand cubic meters; and N is the total number of evaluation units in the watershed.
The method for evaluating the current state of storage regulation of a brown infrastructure of a Sihewa zone according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
Taking the Sihewatershed as an example, the raw data of the DEM in the research area is downloaded from SRTM (Shuttle radio to permission) data provided by the American space agency, as shown in FIG. 2; the land utilization, soil type and effective soil depth data come from Huaihe water conservancy committee, water conservancy bureaus of various relevant counties and cities, soil fertilizer stations and the like.
S1: performing space distribution and standardization processing on digital elevation Data (DEM), gradient, land utilization type, soil type, effective soil depth and the like of a drainage basin, and determining a basic evaluation unit for regulating and storing capacity of brown infrastructure; the method specifically comprises the steps of reclassifying DEMs, gradients and the like by using a Raster scale tool in an ARCGIS platform according to a standard about gradient grading in 'general rules for comprehensive soil and water conservation control, GB _ T15772-1995'; fusing data attribute tables such as land utilization and soil types by using an ARCGIS platform Dissolve tool; after the space is fused, areas with the same gradient, land utilization, soil type, soil effective depth and the like are used as a basic evaluation unit.
S2: calculating the characteristic storage capacity of a soil reservoir of each evaluation unit by using the soil moisture characteristic index and combining the effective depth of the soil; the method is specifically characterized in that the data of the composition and organic matter content of each soil type particle in the Sihefu river basin are counted by using the relevant records of 'Chinese soil' and 'Chinese soil variety record'; converting the soil particle composition into an international system by utilizing a cubic spline function; importing the soil particle composition and organic matter content data into an SPAW model, and calculating a soil moisture characteristic index; the characteristic storage capacity of the evaluation unit 'soil reservoir' is calculated by utilizing the characteristic indexes of the soil moisture and combining the effective depths of various types of soil, and the detailed table is shown in figure 3.
S3: calculating the regulation and storage capacities of the infrastructures such as slope change stairs, slope furrows, soil improvement, farming management, city low-impact development and the like by taking the characteristic storage capacity as a background value according to the area weight, and summing up to obtain the total regulation and storage capacity of the brown infrastructures of the evaluation unit; the method is specifically characterized in that according to the Sihefu river basin management and development planning, the implementation areas and the spatial distribution of infrastructures in the river basin, such as slope change ladders, slope furrows, soil improvement, farming management, urban low-impact development and the like, are counted, so that the area weights of various infrastructures on an evaluation unit are determined;
and secondly, quantitatively calculating and evaluating the regulation and storage capacity of various infrastructures on the unit by taking the effective storage capacity of the soil reservoir as a background value. Taking the regulation and storage capability of the hillside ditches as an example, see fig. 4 in detail.
And finally, accumulating the storage capacity of various infrastructures, and calculating to obtain the total storage capacity of the brown infrastructures of the evaluation units.
S4: carrying out statistical summation, and quantifying the storage regulation capacity of the watershed scale brown infrastructure; the method is specifically characterized in that the total regulating and storing capacity of brown infrastructures on all evaluation units in the river basin is statistically summed, and the regulating and storing capacity of the brown infrastructures in the river basin is calculated. See table 1 below for details.
Figure BDA0001811126180000071

Claims (9)

1. A watershed brown infrastructure current situation regulation and storage capacity assessment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: carrying out space distribution and standardization treatment on the DEM data of the drainage basin, the gradient, the land utilization type, the soil type and the effective depth of the soil, and determining a basic evaluation unit of the regulating and storing capacity of the brown infrastructure;
s2: calculating the characteristic storage capacity of a soil reservoir of each evaluation unit by using the soil moisture characteristic index and combining the effective depth of the soil;
s3: calculating the storage capacity of each infrastructure by taking the characteristic storage capacity as a background value according to the area weight, and obtaining the total storage capacity of the brown infrastructure of each evaluation unit;
s4: and (4) carrying out statistical summation, and quantifying the storage regulation capability of the watershed scale brown infrastructure.
2. The method for assessing the status of a watershed brown infrastructure storage capability of claim 1, wherein the step S1 comprises the following steps: reclassifying data comprising river basin DEM data, gradient, land utilization type, soil type and soil effective depth, and performing spatial fusion; after the space fusion, the areas with the same gradient, land utilization, soil type and soil effective depth are used as a basic evaluation unit.
3. The method for assessing the status of a watershed brown infrastructure storage capability of claim 1, wherein the step S2 comprises the following steps:
s21: according to the soil characteristic parameters, calculating by using a SPAW model tool to obtain a soil moisture characteristic index;
s22: based on soil and fertilizer stations in a research area and experimental observation results, performing spatial distribution on the effective soil depth data by using the ARCGIS to obtain effective soil depth values of all evaluation units;
s23: and calculating the characteristic storage capacity of the soil reservoir of each evaluation unit.
4. The watershed brown infrastructure status quo regulation capability assessment method according to claim 3, wherein the soil characteristic parameters comprise soil particle composition and organic matter content; the soil moisture characteristic indexes comprise saturated water content, field water capacity and wilting water content.
5. The method for assessing the status quo regulation and storage capability of a watershed brown infrastructure according to claim 3, wherein the characteristic storage capacity of the "soil reservoir" in the S23 includes: dead storage capacity, effective storage capacity, flood storage capacity and total storage capacity are calculated as follows:
Figure FDA0001811126170000011
Figure FDA0001811126170000012
Figure FDA0001811126170000013
Figure FDA0001811126170000014
Figure FDA0001811126170000021
in the formula, W0、WF、WG、WSRespectively corresponding to dead storage capacity, effective storage capacity, flood holding storage capacity and total storage capacity of the soil reservoir, namely ten thousand cubic meters; h is the effective depth of the soil, cm; n is the number of soil layers; h isiThe thickness of each soil layer is cm; omegai、mi、θiRespectively corresponding to withering water content, field water holding capacity and saturated water content of corresponding soil layers, cm3/cm3(ii) a A is the area of the corresponding evaluation unit, km2。
6. The method for assessing the status of a watershed brown infrastructure storage capability of claim 1, wherein the step S3 comprises the following steps:
s31: according to basin management and development planning, combining field investigation and research, determining the area weight of various infrastructures on an evaluation unit, including slope changing ladders, slope furrows, soil improvement, farming management and urban low-impact development;
s32: the effective storage capacity of the soil reservoir is taken as a background value, and the regulation and storage capacity of various infrastructures on the evaluation unit is calculated quantitatively;
s33: and (4) performing statistical addition, and calculating the total storage capacity of the brown infrastructure of each evaluation unit.
7. The method for evaluating the current regulation and storage capacity of a watershed brown infrastructure according to claim 6, wherein the method for calculating the regulation and storage capacity of each type of infrastructure in the step S32 is as follows:
the regulation and storage capacity of the slope-to-ladder: w1＝C1×R×λ1A/10；
Regulating and storing capacity of the slope furrows:
Figure FDA0001811126170000022
soil property improvement regulation and storage capacity: w3＝C3×WF×λ3；
Regulation and storage capacity of farming management: w4＝C4×Pe×λ4A；
The regulation and storage capacity of urban low-impact development: w5＝β×WF×λ5/100；
In the formula, WiFor regulation capacity of type i infrastructure, ten thousand cubic meters; ciObtaining a conversion coefficient through field experiments; lambda [ alpha ]iRepresents the proportion of the i-th type infrastructure implementation area to the total area of the evaluation units, and is 0 ≦ Sigma λiLess than or equal to 1; r is runoff depth, mm; a is the area of the corresponding evaluation unit, km2(ii) a h is the ridge height m; d is the width of the groove, m; gamma is the grid slope; wFIs the effective storage capacity of the soil reservoir, namely, ten thousand cubic meters; peIs used for lowering the rain depth by mm; beta represents the increase rate,%, of the water permeable area for low impact development; wherein, i is 1, 2, …, 5.
8. The method for evaluating the current regulation and storage capability of the watershed brown infrastructure according to claim 6, wherein the calculation formula for evaluating the total regulation and storage capability of the unit brown infrastructure of S33 is as follows:
Figure FDA0001811126170000023
in the formula, WjRepresents the total regulating and storing capacity of the brown infrastructure of the jth evaluation unit, namely ten thousand cubic meters; wFjThe effective storage capacity of the soil reservoir of the jth evaluation unit is shown in ten-thousand cubic meters; wijIndicating the regulation capacity of the ith type of infrastructure of the jth evaluation unit, in ten thousand cubic meters.
9. The watershed brown infrastructure presence regulation capability assessment method according to claim 1, wherein the S4 watershed scale brown infrastructure regulation capability is expressed as:
Figure FDA0001811126170000031
in the formula, WGeneral assemblyRegulating storage capacity for the watershed brown infrastructure, ten thousand cubic meters; wjRepresents the total regulating and storing capacity of the brown infrastructure of the jth evaluation unit, namely ten thousand cubic meters; and N is the total number of evaluation units in the watershed.
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