CN109409595A - A kind of garden is provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other system dispatching method a few days ago - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of garden and provides multiple forms of energy to complement each other system dispatching method a few days ago, comprising: establishes the inearized model of each device in system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other；Based on device inearized model, the optimization object function and constraint equation dispatched a few days ago are established；It optimizes, and then the final method of operation for determining the endogenous net lotus storage of system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other, realizes the optimal coordinated control for system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other.The present invention is by carrying out linearization process to mounted cast, garden is provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other, and scheduling strategy is equivalent to Mixed integer linear programming to system a few days ago, business optimization software convenient to use is solved, and in view of the influence to system optimization result of run-limiting and energy storage initial capacity of device in solution procedure, realizes garden and provide multiple forms of energy to complement each other the optimization operation of system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to comprehensive energy dispatching technique field, especially a kind of garden is provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other the dispatching party a few days ago of system
Method.
Background technique
As the important form of integrated energy system terminal energy sources unit, garden is provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other system combination distributed electrical
Source, energy-storage system, load and other associated monitoring protective devices are that a kind of intermittent low-carbon electric power of polymerization, multiple-energy-source coordinate control
The effective model of system, Demand-side load control system.But it considers high permeability renewable energy, the fluctuation of load side, needs
A few days ago according to load prediction and distributed generation resource power generation predictive information, operation plan a few days ago is formulated, to realize the optimization fortune of system
Row.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome in the prior art about the distribution of energy storage device power, start and stop state judgement and initial
Deficiency in power determination process provides a kind of garden and provides multiple forms of energy to complement each other system scheduling strategy a few days ago, guaranteeing system safety and stability
On the basis of operation, the optimum use of resource is considered, realize that system operation cost is minimum.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a kind of garden is provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other the dispatching method a few days ago of system, comprising:
Establish the inearized model of each device in system；
It establishes garden to provide multiple forms of energy to complement each other the optimization object function and its constraint condition of system, the optimization object function are as follows: throw
Provide cost function, fuel cost function, operation expense function, starting stop cost function, changed power cost function, with
In the cost function and heat supply (cold) revenue function of extraneous network exchange power, the difference of the sum of each cost function and revenue function；
The constraint condition include the hot and cold of the system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other, in electric equilibrium equation, and system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other each device operation
State limit；
Based on the predicted value that, electrical load requirement amount hot and cold to next day day part and garden distributed generation resource are contributed, and respectively
Period tou power price and for hot/cold charge data, solves optimization object function, obtains providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other in next day day part
The operating status of each controllable device and the initial capacity of energy storage device in system；
The scheduling a few days ago for each controllable device and energy storage device in system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other is carried out according to Optimization Solution result.
In the present invention, the device in system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other includes cogeneration unit, battery, regenerative apparatus, accumulator
It sets, electric boiler, electric refrigerating plant etc..
Preferably, when establishing device inearized model in system, for the nonlinear characteristic of device, pass through piecewise linearity
Change method carries out linearisation expression；The inearized model of each device includes that characterization related device runs power within the unit time
The linear function of relationship between system cost or income, and the linear function of characterization related device energy conversion relation.Line
Property be expressed as subsequent linear optimization method and then obtain the globally optimal solution of system lay the foundation.In optimization object function
Each cost function and revenue function are established based on each device inearized model.
Preferably, when carrying out linearisation to the nonlinear characteristic of device indicates, the operating status for defining energy storage device includes
Energy accumulating state and exoergic state characterize corresponding state value, the accumulation of energy of same controllable device at any time with 0/1 variable respectively
The sum of state value and exoergic state value are less than or equal to 1.Generally there are set from other for the energy storage devices such as accumulation of heat/cool equipment, battery
Standby to absorb energy, release energy to other equipment, not with these three states of other equipment positive energy exchange, and same energy storage device exists
It is carved with when a certain and only there are three types of a certain state in state, and energy storage device generally has maximum storage, exoergic power
With the limitation of minimum storage, exoergic power, the present invention is defined the operating status of controllable device, just by introducing 0-1 variable
It is indicated in the linearisation of realization device model.A kind of special energy storage device can be equivalent to for extraneous power grid or heat supply network, with
The provide multiple forms of energy to complement each other state of systems exchange power of garden can also introduce 0-1 variable, be stated by above-mentioned similar method.It is right
In the start and stop state of non-energy storage device, 0-1 variable can also be introduced and be indicated.
Preferably, define certain device operation power P and system cost or be benefited between function be nonlinear function f
(P), then for the piece-wise linearization representation method of nonlinear function f (P) are as follows: take k point to be recorded as within the t period variable P
p1、p2..., pk、pk-1, the functional value of each point variable of corresponding record is f (p1)、f(p2) ..., f (pk-1)、f(pk), then t period
Piecewise nonlinear functionIt is indicated with linearization technique are as follows:
Wherein, j is the variable of k, intermediate quantity αj=(f (Pj+1)-f(Pj))/(Pj+1-Pj), βj=f (Pj)-Pjαj,For t
Point variable p is corresponded in periodjEnergy storage device operating status value, value be 0 or 1.For limiting the function of energy storage device
The affiliated linear segmented of rate.
Preferably, garden provide multiple forms of energy to complement each other system optimization object function in:
Cost of investment function, to use the one-time investment of the purchase of planning initial stage, installation equipment to convert into life cycle
Annual expense, i.e., equal years value initial outlay expense indicate；
Fuel cost function is the expense expression of fuel cell, cold, heat electric shaft producting device consumption non-renewable energy；
Operation expense function is that the expense that each device operation and maintenance generate in system indicates；
Starting stops cost function, and the expense generated to change due to equipment start-stop state introduces in majorized function
Start-up and shut-down costs to improve the feasibility of optimum results, and can avoid the frequency in the cycle of operation with the frequent start-stop of avoiding device
Influence of numerous start and stop to device service life indicates；
Changed power cost function, the equivalent expense to change due to plant capacity and generating indicate, are used for limits device
The frequent variation of power definite value, improves the service life of device；Changed power cost is introduced in optimization process, can make can
The power of control device is uniformly distinguished in a period of time, avoids system emergent power spike；
The cost function of extraneous network exchange power includes: the cost function that (1) exchanges power with bulk power grid, considers electric power
The tou power price of system influences, by garden in the period each in dispatching cycle from bulk power grid purchases strategies and to bulk power grid sale of electricity at
This difference adds up, and constitutes the cost function that power is exchanged with bulk power grid；(2) power is exchanged for hot/cold net with the external world
Cost function indicates that under central heating (cold) mode, garden absorbs hot (cold) power from extraneous heat supply (cold) net and generates
Expense；
Heat supply (cold) revenue function, for the expression of income that obtains to garden user's heat supply or cooling supply.
Preferably, garden is provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other in system optimization bound for objective function, system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other it is hot and cold,
Electric equilibrium equation is equality constraint equation, so that system meets hot and cold, electric balance within the minimum period of scheduling, in which:
Hot and cold equilibrium equation refers to heat (cold) amount+electricity heating (cold) device that accumulation of heat (cold) device is released to system
Heat (cold) amount+garden system that heat (cold) amount+cold, heat electric shaft producting device released to system is released to system is defeated from the external world
Heat (cold) amount+garden system that heat (cold) amount=accumulation of heat (cold) device that hot (cold) net absorbs is absorbed from system outwardly defeated heat
Heat supply (cold) demand of heat (cold) amount+garden internal loading of (cold) net release；
Electrical power equilibrium equation refers to electric energy+cogeneration dress of wind-powered electricity generation in garden, the output of photovoltaic distributed power supply
Set electric energy+fuel cell output electric energy+electric energy of battery output+electric energy=pure electric load absorbed from bulk power grid of output
Required electric energy+electric energy that electric energy+battery needed for electricity heating (cold) load absorbs+electric energy discharged to bulk power grid.
Preferably, garden is provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other in system optimization bound for objective function, each device in system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other
Operating status be limited to inequality constraints equation, comprising:
The power output of controllable device limits, i.e., controllable device output or the power absorbed be greater than device can be output or
The minimum power of absorption, the maximum power that can be output or absorb less than device；
The limitation of controllable device power output variable quantity, the i.e. power variation of controllable device within a certain period of time are big
In maximum power reduction amount, it is less than maximum power incrementss；
The capacity limit of energy storage device, the i.e. capacity of energy storage device are greater than minimum stored energy capacitance limit value, are less than maximum storage
It can capacity limit value；
The capacity limit value of the initial and finish time of energy storage device, the i.e. capacity of energy storage device finish time need to be equal to just
The capacity at moment beginning, to meet the recurrent state of storage, exoergic.It, can be by existing excellent for the initial capacity value of energy storage device
Change algorithm to obtain, to reduce garden operating cost as target.
Preferably, the present invention is when establishing device inearized model in system, respectively using the continuous state variable of 24 dimensions
Indicate the consumption power of each non-energy storage device in garden, the accumulation of energy power of energy storage device, the exoergic power of energy storage device, garden from
The power of power grid absorption, the power that garden is released to power grid, the start-up cost of controllable device, the stopping cost of controllable device, storage
Can device energy storage when changed power cost, energy storage device exoergic when changed power cost and energy storage device initial power
Amount；The exoergic state value of the energy accumulating state value of energy storage device, energy storage device, Yi Jifei are indicated using 0/1 variable of 24 dimensions respectively
The start and stop state value of energy storage device.And then each controllable device power tune hourly in one day following can be obtained after Optimization Solution
Spend parameter.
Preferably, it provides multiple forms of energy to complement each other the optimization object function and its constraint condition of system, constitutes typical the present invention is based on garden
Mixed integer linear programming model, and then be based on, electrical load requirement amount hot and cold to next day day part and garden distributed generation resource
The predicted value and day part tou power price of power output and for hot/cold charge data, using commercial optimization solver to optimization aim
Function is solved.The prediction of, electrical load requirement amount hot and cold to next day day part and garden distributed generation resource power output can be used existing
There are technology, prediction data and day part tou power price and is substituted into for hot/cold charge data in the solution procedure of optimization object function.
Commercial solver also can be replaced existing mature optimization software.
Beneficial effect
The present invention provides multiple forms of energy to complement each other garden, and scheduling strategy is converted to Mixed integer linear programming to system a few days ago, conveniently makes
It is solved with existing optimization software or commercial solver, and in view of at the beginning of the run-limiting and energy storage of device in solution procedure
Influence of the beginning capacity to system optimization result has carried out accurate description to the start and stop state of controllable device, has realized garden multipotency
The optimization of complementary system is run.It is specific:
In the device modelling phase, the present invention indicates nonlinear model using piecewise-linear techniques, using 0-1 variable with
Energy storage device maximum (or minimum) absorbs the combination of (or releasing) power, accurate to express between energy storage device and other extraneous devices
Three kinds of Power Exchange relationships (i.e. energy storage device from external device absorb power, energy storage device outwardly device release power, storage
Energy device does not exchange power with external device), finally garden is provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other, and Optimized Operation process is equivalent to mix system a few days ago
Integral linear programming problem, the mature planning softwares such as Cplex, Gurobi convenient to use are solved；
Optimization object function and constraint order of equation section are being established, except establishing reflection garden system operation cost and income
Outside objective function, controllable device changed power cost function has been also set up, it is controllable multiplied by adjacent time interval with a lesser coefficient
The power variation of device is avoided as optimization aim so that the power of controllable device is evenly distributed as much as possible within each period
Power frequently changes the influence to service using life, and reduces the undulating value of garden Yu outside electric power network Power Exchange；
In optimization process in view of energy storage device initial capacity to garden can complementary system scheduling result a few days ago shadow
It rings, the initial capacity of energy storage is participated in the solution procedure of optimization problem as variable, to be before dispatching cycle starts
Garden provide multiple forms of energy to complement each other system stored energy device initial value selection provide guidance, further decrease the operating cost of garden.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the trend composition figure for the system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other；
Fig. 2 is system scheduling strategy schematic diagram a few days ago of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other；
Fig. 3 is not change system heating power balance figure when power is defined to device；
Fig. 4 is not change system electrical power balance chart when power is defined to device；
Fig. 5 is to change system heating power balance figure when power is defined to device；
Fig. 6 is to change system electrical power balance chart when power is defined to device；
Fig. 7 is any initial capacity for selecting regenerative apparatus for the heating power balance figure of full capacity state；
Fig. 8 is the heating power balance figure for the initial capacity of regenerative apparatus being in optimized selection rear system.
Specific embodiment
It is further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
The dispatching method a few days ago of system refering to what is shown in Fig. 2, garden of the present invention is provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other, comprising:
Establish the inearized model of each device in system；
It establishes garden to provide multiple forms of energy to complement each other the optimization object function and its constraint condition of system, the optimization object function are as follows: throw
Provide cost function, fuel cost function, operation expense function, starting stop cost function, changed power cost function, with
In the cost function and heat supply (cold) revenue function of extraneous network exchange power, the difference of the sum of each cost function and revenue function；
The constraint condition include the hot and cold of the system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other, in electric equilibrium equation, and system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other each device operation
State limit；
Based on the predicted value that, electrical load requirement amount hot and cold to next day day part and garden distributed generation resource are contributed, and respectively
Period tou power price and for hot/cold charge data, solves optimization object function, obtains providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other in next day day part
The operating status of each controllable device and the initial capacity of energy storage device in system；
The scheduling a few days ago for each controllable device and energy storage device in system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other is carried out according to Optimization Solution result.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, the specific implementation of method includes:
One, the device modelling phase
Refering to what is shown in Fig. 1, which show the trend for the system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other composition, by the system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other be divided into electric trend and
Upsurge stream two large divisions integrates the information such as electricity price information and indoor and outdoor environment temperature by information-based means, respectively to electricity,
Hot and cold load is predicted and is regulated and controled, a variety of using battery, renewable energy, main power grid, cogeneration system, boiler etc.
The complementation of energy form and " source-net-lotus-storage " each link hight coordinate control, by various energy conversion apparatus, finally in area
In domain on the basis of balanced supply and demand of energy, provides flexibly for user with that can service, realize that high efficiency of energy utilizes, guarantee energy resource system
Reliable, energy saving, Green Development.Device in system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other includes cogeneration unit, battery, regenerative apparatus, storage
Device for cooling, electric boiler, electric refrigerating plant etc..
The nonlinear characteristic of device by piecewise-linear techniques, is carried out linearisation expression, and pass through introducing by this stage
0-1 variable limits the operating status of the controllable devices such as battery, accumulation of heat；
When establishing device inearized model in system, for the nonlinear characteristic of device, pass through piecewise-linear techniques
Carry out linearisation expression；The inearized model of each device includes that characterization related device runs power and system within the unit time
The linear function of relationship between cost or income, and the linear function of characterization related device energy conversion relation.Linearisation
It is expressed as subsequent linear optimization method and then obtains the globally optimal solution of system laying the foundation.Each cost in optimization object function
Function and revenue function are established based on each device inearized model.
When carrying out linearisation to the nonlinear characteristic of device indicates, the operating status for defining energy storage device includes energy accumulating state
With exoergic state, characterize corresponding state value with 0/1 variable respectively, the energy accumulating state value of same controllable device at any time with
The sum of exoergic state value is less than or equal to 1.Generally there are absorb energy from other equipment for the energy storage devices such as accumulation of heat/cool equipment, battery
Amount releases energy to other equipment, not with these three states of other equipment positive energy exchange, and same energy storage device is at a time
Have and only there are three types of a certain state in state, and energy storage device generally exist it is maximum store, exoergic power and it is minimum store,
The limitation of exoergic power, the present invention are defined the operating status of controllable device, are easy to implement dress by introducing 0-1 variable
The linearisation for setting model indicates.A kind of special energy storage device can be equivalent to for extraneous power grid or heat supply network, with garden multipotency
The state of complementary system exchange power can also introduce 0-1 variable, be stated by above-mentioned similar method.For non-energy storage
The start and stop state of device can also introduce 0-1 variable and be indicated.
Define certain device operation power P and system cost or be benefited between function be nonlinear function f (P), then it is right
In the piece-wise linearization representation method of nonlinear function f (P) are as follows: take k point to be recorded as p within the t period variable P1、p2...,
pk、pk-1, the functional value of each point variable of corresponding record is f (p1)、f(p2) ..., f (pk-1)、f(pk), then the segmentation of t period is non-thread
Property functionIt is indicated with linearization technique are as follows:
Wherein, j is the variable of k, intermediate quantity αj=(f (Pj+1)-f(Pj))/(Pj+1-Pj), βj=f (Pj)-Pjαj,For t
Point variable p is corresponded in periodjEnergy storage device operating status value, value be 0 or 1.For limiting the function of energy storage device
The affiliated linear segmented of rate.
Two, optimization object function and constraint order of equation section are established
Establish respectively garden provide multiple forms of energy to complement each other the cost of investment function of system, fuel cost function, operation expense function,
Starting stops cost function, changed power cost function, cost function, heat supply (cold) income letter with extraneous network exchange power
Number, subtracts revenue function for the sum of each cost function, so that final optimization object function is constituted, by hot and cold, the level of system
Weigh equality constraint of the equation as system, regard the operating status limitation of each device as inequality constraints condition, synthesis is excellent
Change target, equality constraint, inequality constraints condition and constitute the optimization method of system, and combines day preload and distributed electrical
Source predictive information and tou power price and heat supply (cold) pay imformation construct mixed integer linear programming model；
Garden provide multiple forms of energy to complement each other system optimization object function in:
Cost of investment function, to use the one-time investment of the purchase of planning initial stage, installation equipment to convert into life cycle
Annual expense, i.e., equal years value initial outlay expense indicate；
Fuel cost function is the expense expression of fuel cell, cold, heat electric shaft producting device consumption non-renewable energy；
Operation expense function is that the expense that each device operation and maintenance generate in system indicates；
Starting stops cost function, and the expense generated to change due to equipment start-stop state introduces in majorized function
Start-up and shut-down costs to improve the feasibility of optimum results, and can avoid the frequency in the cycle of operation with the frequent start-stop of avoiding device
Influence of numerous start and stop to device service life indicates；
Changed power cost function, the equivalent expense to change due to plant capacity and generating indicate, are used for limits device
The frequent variation of power definite value, improves the service life of device；Changed power cost is introduced in optimization process, can make can
The power of control device is uniformly distinguished in a period of time, avoids system emergent power spike；
The cost function of extraneous network exchange power includes: the cost function that (1) exchanges power with bulk power grid, considers electric power
The tou power price of system influences, by garden in the period each in dispatching cycle from bulk power grid purchases strategies and to bulk power grid sale of electricity at
This difference adds up, and constitutes the cost function that power is exchanged with bulk power grid；(2) power is exchanged for hot/cold net with the external world
Cost function indicates that under central heating (cold) mode, garden absorbs hot (cold) power from extraneous heat supply (cold) net and generates
Expense；
Heat supply (cold) revenue function, for the expression of income that obtains to garden user's heat supply or cooling supply.
Garden is provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other in system optimization bound for objective function, provide multiple forms of energy to complement each other the hot and cold of system, electric equilibrium side
Journey is equality constraint equation, so that system meets hot and cold, electric balance within the minimum period of scheduling, in which:
Hot and cold equilibrium equation refers to heat (cold) amount+electricity heating (cold) device that accumulation of heat (cold) device is released to system
Heat (cold) amount+garden system that heat (cold) amount+cold, heat electric shaft producting device released to system is released to system is defeated from the external world
Heat (cold) amount+garden system that heat (cold) amount=accumulation of heat (cold) device that hot (cold) net absorbs is absorbed from system outwardly defeated heat
Heat supply (cold) demand of heat (cold) amount+garden internal loading of (cold) net release；
Electrical power equilibrium equation refers to electric energy+cogeneration dress of wind-powered electricity generation in garden, the output of photovoltaic distributed power supply
Set electric energy+fuel cell output electric energy+electric energy of battery output+electric energy=pure electric load absorbed from bulk power grid of output
Required electric energy+electric energy that electric energy+battery needed for electricity heating (cold) load absorbs+electric energy discharged to bulk power grid.
Preferably, garden is provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other in system optimization bound for objective function, each device in system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other
Operating status be limited to inequality constraints equation, comprising:
The power output of controllable device limits, i.e., controllable device output or the power absorbed be greater than device can be output or
The minimum power of absorption, the maximum power that can be output or absorb less than device；
The limitation of controllable device power output variable quantity, the i.e. power variation of controllable device within a certain period of time are big
In maximum power reduction amount, it is less than maximum power incrementss；
The capacity limit of energy storage device, the i.e. capacity of energy storage device are greater than minimum stored energy capacitance limit value, are less than maximum storage
It can capacity limit value；
The capacity limit value of the initial and finish time of energy storage device, the i.e. capacity of energy storage device finish time need to be equal to just
The capacity at moment beginning, to meet the recurrent state of storage, exoergic.It, can be by existing excellent for the initial capacity value of energy storage device
Change algorithm to obtain, to reduce garden operating cost as target.
It provides multiple forms of energy to complement each other the optimization object function and its constraint condition of system the present invention is based on garden, composition typically mixes whole
Number linear programming models, and then it is pre- to be contributed based on, electrical load requirement amount hot and cold to next day day part and garden distributed generation resource
Measured value and day part tou power price and for hot/cold charge data, carry out optimization object function using commercial optimization solver
It solves.The prior art can be used in the prediction of, electrical load requirement amount hot and cold to next day day part and garden distributed generation resource power output,
Prediction data is substituted into day part tou power price and for hot/cold charge data in the solution procedure of optimization object function.Commercialization is asked
Solution device also can be replaced existing mature optimization software.
The present invention is when establishing device inearized model in system, respectively using the continuous state argument table forest garden area of 24 dimensions
Consumption power, the accumulation of energy power of energy storage device, the exoergic power of energy storage device, the garden of interior each non-energy storage device are absorbed from power grid
Power, the power that garden is released to power grid, the start-up cost of controllable device, the stopping cost of controllable device, energy storage device storage
Can when changed power cost, energy storage device exoergic when changed power cost and energy storage device initial power amount；Respectively
The exoergic state value and non-energy storage device of the energy accumulating state value of energy storage device, energy storage device are indicated using 0/1 variable of 24 dimensions
Start and stop state value.And then each controllable device power dispatching parameter hourly in one day following can be obtained after Optimization Solution.
Embodiment 2
With reference to Fig. 2, gives garden and provide multiple forms of energy to complement each other system scheduling strategy procedure chart a few days ago.As can be seen from FIG. 2, of the invention
Implementing procedure is divided into three key steps, and respectively (1) garden is provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other each device modeling in system；(2) optimization mesh is established
Scalar functions and constraint equation, and day preload and distributed generation resource predictive information and tou power price and (cold) charge of heat supply is combined to believe
Breath constructs mixed integer linear programming model；(3) model is solved using linear programming for solution device, ultimately forms garden
Next day operation reserve per hour.These three steps are described in detail as follows:
Step 1: in the device modelling phase, establishing garden and provide multiple forms of energy to complement each other the inearized model of each device in system, need to build
The device of mould includes dispatching all devices in need of consideration a few days ago.By piecewise-linear techniques, by the nonlinear characteristic of device
Linearisation expression is carried out, while by introducing 0-1 variable, the operating status of controllable device is limited；
Step 2: establishing optimization object function and constraint order of equation section, establishing garden respectively and provide multiple forms of energy to complement each other the investment of system
Cost function, fuel cost function, operation expense function, starting stop cost function, changed power cost function, with it is outer
Cost function, heat supply (cold) revenue function of boundary's network exchange power, subtract revenue function for the sum of each cost function, thus structure
At final optimization object function, using the hot and cold of system, electric equilibrium equation as the equality constraint of system, by each device
Operating status limitation be used as inequality constraints condition, complex optimum target, equality constraint, inequality constraints condition constitute
The optimization method of system, and day preload and distributed generation resource predictive information and tou power price and (cold) charge of heat supply is combined to believe
Breath constructs mixed integer linear programming model；
Step 3: using commercial solver, optimization method being solved, finally according to hot and cold, electric load requirement and garden
The predicted value of area's distributed generation resource power output, determine the operating status of controllable device in next day each period and energy storage device just
Beginning capacity, realize garden provide multiple forms of energy to complement each other system optimization operation.
Wherein step 1 further comprises: establishing cogeneration unit, battery, regenerative apparatus, accumulator respectively and sets, is electric
The inearized model of the devices such as boiler, electricity refrigeration, such as wherein the model of cold, heat electric shaft producting device may be expressed as:
Wherein: a, b, c, d are respectively the operating factor determined according to device model,It is cold, heat electric shaft producting device in t
The generating efficiency of section,Generated energy for cold, heat electric shaft producting device in the t period,It is cold, heat electric shaft producting device in the t period
Heating load,Semen donors for cold, heat electric shaft producting device in the t period, ηHFor heating efficiency, ηCFor cooling efficiency, ηLIt is cold
The waste of cogeneration system；
Generating efficiency of the cold, heat electric shaft producting device in the t period in formula (1)It is expressed as generated energyLetter three times
Number is nonlinear function so as to cause the function between finally formed cold, heat electric shaft producting device output power and fuel cost,
Needing to carry out linearization process to nonlinear function using piecewise-linear techniques can be right such as nonlinear function f (P)
Function variable p takes k point to be recorded as p1、p2……pk-1、pk, the functional value of respective record each point is f (p1)、f(p2)、f(pk-1)、
f(pk), it then can be by the t periodIt is indicated with linearization technique are as follows:
Wherein, αj=(f (Pj+1)-f(Pj))/(Pj+1-Pj), βj=f (Pj)-Pjαj,It is rightLinear list
Show,For 0/1 variable, for judging which section is current power export.
Battery, regenerative apparatus, accumulator are set and are all attributed to energy storage device, then when can be by the capacity and t of energy storage device
The relationship of section power is expressed as:
In formula,The capacity of energy-storage system when starting for the t period,For the energy that energy storage device is absorbed in the t period,For indicate t period energy storage device charging 0-1 variable, if t period energy storage device charge,If t period energy storage
Device does not charge, thenηESCFor charge efficiency,For the energy that energy storage device is released in the t period,To indicate t
The 0-1 variable of period energy storage device electric discharge, if t period energy storage device discharges,If not put in t period energy storage device
Electricity, thenAnd it needs to meetηESDFor discharging efficiency, ηESLThe proportion of goods damageds are stood for energy storage device.
Service efficiency model models the devices such as electric boiler, electricity refrigeration, may be expressed as:
WhereinFor electrical power consumed by electric boiler and electric refrigerating plant, COPEBTurn for the electricity of electric boiler, heat
Change efficiency, COPECFor electric, the cold transfer efficiency of electric refrigerating plant,WithThe heat that respectively electric boiler generates is made with electricity
The refrigerating capacity that device for cooling generates.
Wherein step 2 further comprises: establish by cost of investment function, fuel cost function, operation expense function,
The cost function and extraneous heat supply (cold) net for starting and stopping cost function, changed power cost function, exchange power with bulk power grid
Exchange the optimization object function of the compositions such as cost function, heat supply (cold) revenue function of power.
Cost of investment function representation are as follows:
Wherein m is the code name of device, NUFor the device sum in garden, CCP,mFor the initial outlay cost of m device, l is
For annual interest rate, nmFor the service life of m-th of device.
Fuel cost function representation are as follows:
Wherein cGFor fuel cost,For the transfer efficiency of calorific value,For the heat of device consumption.
Operation expense indicates are as follows:
WhereinRespectively electric refrigerating plant, distributed generation resource, electric boiler, miniature combustion
The operating cost of gas-turbine, energy storage device unit power, unit are member/kWh；
The output energy of respectively electric refrigerating plant, distributed generation resource, electric boiler, miniature gas turbine, energy storage device in the t period,
Unit is kWh.
Device start-up cost indicates are as follows:
Wherein NCGIndicate the summary of controllable device in garden,Indicate the single starting expense of j-th of controllable device, Respectively j-th of controllable device at t the and t-1 moment from the extraneous state for absorbing energy,It indicates j-th
Device absorbs energy from the external world in t moment,Indicate that j-th of device does not absorb energy from the external world in t moment,The state that respectively j-th of controllable device outwardly releases energy at t the and t-1 moment,Indicate jth
A device outwardly releases energy in t moment,Indicate that j-th of device does not release energy outwardly in t moment.
The stopping cost of device is expressed as:
Wherein for NCG、Reference formula (13),For the single of j-th of controllable device
Stopping expense.
Controllable device changed power cost function indicates are as follows:
WhereinRespectively indicate controllable device from it is extraneous absorb, release energy during changed power at
This,Indicating that j device unit power changes generated expense, unit is member/kWh,Respectively indicate j device
T, t-1 moment from the external world absorb energy,Respectively indicate the energy that j device is outwardly released at t, t-1 moment
Amount, unit kWh；
The cost function of garden and extraneous network exchange power indicates are as follows:
Wherein NEGThe energy type of expression garden Charging Area Cell,The energy is respectively indicated in jth in the t period
Interior purchase and expense is sold, needs to consider the timesharing price of the energy herein,Indicate entire garden and extraneous network
The energy bought in or sold within the t period.
The cost function of heat supply (cold) revenue function income indicates are as follows:
Wherein CH、CCIt is respectively unit heat supply, cooling supply fee charged, unit is member/kWh,Respectively t
The heat supply of period, semen donors, unit kWh.
Wherein step 2 further comprises: establishing within the minimum period of scheduling, so that system meets hot and cold, electric balance
State, to construct the equality constraint equation of system.
The equality constraint of power supply equilibrium state indicates are as follows:
Wherein the subscript t of variable indicate each variable in the value of t period,For garden pure electric load,For garden
Electric boiler load,For garden electric cooling load,For garden battery charge load,Garden regenerative apparatus
Amount of stored heat,The transfer efficiency of electric heat-storage device,Electricity from garden to power grid that sent out for,For garden distributed electrical
The generated energy in source,For garden gas turbine generated energy,For garden from the purchase of electricity of extraneous power grid,For garden storage
The discharge capacity of electric installation.
It is indicated for the equality constraint of thermal equilibrium state are as follows:
WhereinFor garden the t period heat demand,For t period electric boiler consumption electrical power,For grill pan
The heating efficiency of furnace,For the heat of the releasing of regenerative apparatus.
The equality constraint of cooling supply equilibrium state indicates are as follows:
WhereinFor garden the t period cooling needs,For t period refrigerating plant consumption electrical power,For system
The refrigerating efficiency of device for cooling.
Wherein step 2 further comprises: it establishes within the minimum period of scheduling, so that controllable device meets operation constraint,
To construct the inequality constraints equation of system.
The output power constraint of controllable device may be expressed as:
WhereinFor the operating status of t moment j device,Indicate that the device works,Indicate the device not work
Make,For the minimum output power of device j,For the peak power output of device j.
If controllable device is energy storage device, may be expressed as: from the extraneous constraint for absorbing energy
WhereinFor t period energy storage device absorb energy,Indicate that t period energy storage device can absorb
The maximum value and minimum value of energy,The flag bit of energy is absorbed from the external world for energy storage device,When indicate energy storage dress
It sets from the external world and absorbs energy,When indicate energy storage device not from the external world absorb energy.
If controllable device is energy storage device, the constraint representation of energy is outwardly exported are as follows: s
WhereinFor t period energy storage device release energy,Indicate that t period energy storage device can release
The maximum value and minimum value of energy,The flag bit of energy is outwardly released for energy storage device,When indicate energy storage dress
It sets and outwardly releases energy,When indicate energy storage device do not release energy outwardly.
If the power of garden and extraneous network exchange is also considered as controlled power, constraint of the garden from extraneous absorption energy
It can indicate are as follows:
WhereinFor the period garden t from the external world absorb energy,Indicate that t period garden absorbs energy most from the external world
Big limit value,The flag bit of energy is absorbed from the external world for garden,When indicate garden from the external world absorb energy,When table
Forest garden area does not absorb energy from the external world.
If the power of garden and extraneous network exchange is also considered as controlled power, garden outwardly exports the constraint of energy
It can indicate are as follows:
WhereinFor the energy that the period garden t outwardly releases,Indicate that t period garden outwardly releases energy most
Big limit value,The flag bit of energy is outwardly released for garden,When indicate garden outwardly release energy,When table
Forest garden area does not release energy outwardly.
The changed power constraint of controllable device may be expressed as:
WhereinIndicate controllable device j the t period operation power,Indicate controllable device j in the fortune of t-1 period
Row power,Indicate controllable device j within the t period limit value of power rise,Indicate controllable device j in t period internal strength
The limit value of rate decline.
Unit state constraint may be expressed as:
By limit two 0-1 variables and little 1 so that the state of two mutual exclusions cannot occur simultaneously.
The capacity limit value constraint of energy storage device can indicate are as follows:
WhereinRespectively capability value of the energy storage device at t the and t+1 moment, ηCFor the charge efficiency of energy storage device,For the charge power of t period energy storage device, ηDFor the discharging efficiency of energy storage device,For the electric discharge of t period energy storage device
Power, ηLFor the self-discharge rate of energy storage device, capESFor the design capacity of energy storage device,For capacity of energy storing device minimum value
Coefficient,For capacity of energy storing device maximum value coefficient.
It may be expressed as: in the relational expression of the first and last stored energy capacitance of dispatching cycle
WhereinFor the capacity of initial stage dispatching cycle energy storage,The capacity of energy storage at the end of for dispatching cycle,It will determine the variation of energy storage device capacity in dispatching cycle, in the present invention willAs a variable, calculated by optimization
Method determines its final numerical value, compared to previous method, can further increase the freedom degree of system runing adjustment.
Wherein step 3 further comprises: respectively using each non-energy storage device in the continuous state argument table forest garden area of 24 dimensions
Consumption power, the accumulation of energy power of energy storage device, the exoergic power of energy storage device, garden absorbed from power grid power, garden to
The changed power when power of power grid releasing, the start-up cost of controllable device, the stopping cost of controllable device, energy storage device energy storage
The initial power amount of changed power cost, energy storage device when cost, energy storage device exoergic, respectively using the 0-1 variable of 24 dimensions
Indicate the accumulation of energy coefficient of energy storage device, the exoergic coefficient of energy storage device, start and stop coefficient of regime of non-energy storage device etc.；
Using above-mentioned operating cost, equality constraint and inequality constraints equation, typical mixed integer linear programming is constituted
Problem, and optimized using mature optimization software, to obtain each controllable device power dispatching hourly within one day future
Instruction.
Fig. 3 gives system heating power balance figure when not being defined to device variation power, as can be seen from FIG. 3, not
When being defined to device variation power, there is intermittence in the power of heat accumulation heat supply and accumulation of heat, although can also system be made to reach one
A preferably operating status, but due to the fluctuation of output device output power, the service life of device will be reduced.
Fig. 4 gives system electrical power balance chart when not being defined to device variation power, as can be seen from FIG. 4, not
It when being defined to device variation power, charges since energy storage device concentrates on a moment, causes the electricity consumption of garden will
There are a peak values, threaten the operational safety of substation.
Fig. 5 gives system heating power balance figure when being defined to device variation power, as can be seen from FIG. 5, to dress
Set variation power be defined after, the accumulation of heat of heat-storing device and exothermic process can be uniformly distributed in one cycle so that
Regenerative apparatus no longer frequent start-stop, extends the service life of device.
Fig. 6 gives system electrical power balance chart when being defined to device variation power, as can be seen from FIG. 6, to dress
After the variation power set is defined, the power of electrical storage device is uniformly distributed whithin a period of time, to avoid the occurrence of power supply point
Peak, under the premise of guaranteeing system operational safety, so that the operating status of system is optimal.
Fig. 7, which gives, does not optimize the initial capacity of regenerative apparatus, and arbitrarily selects the initial of next day regenerative apparatus
When capacity is full capacity, system time daily optimal operation as a result, according to the operating status of Fig. 7, next day at this time can be calculated
Optimal operating status, corresponding operating cost are 15285.3033 yuan.
Fig. 8, which gives, optimizes the initial capacity of regenerative apparatus, select the initial capacity of next day regenerative apparatus for
When 2600kWh, the optimal operation shape of next day at this time can be calculated according to the operating status of Fig. 8 in system heating power balance figure
State, corresponding operating cost are 11149.1599 yuan, it is seen that after optimizing to the initial capacity of accumulation of heat, can further decrease and be
The operating cost of system.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, several improvement and deformations can also be made, these improvement and deformations
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
- The dispatching method a few days ago of system 1. a kind of garden is provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other, characterized in that include:Establish the inearized model of each device in system；Establish garden to provide multiple forms of energy to complement each other the optimization object function and its constraint condition of system, the optimization object function are as follows: investment at This function, fuel cost function, operation expense function, starting stop cost function, changed power cost function and the external world In the cost function of network exchange power and heat supply (cold) revenue function, the difference of the sum of each cost function and revenue function；It is described Constraint condition include the hot and cold of the system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other, in electric equilibrium equation, and system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other each device operating status Limitation；The predicted value and day part contributed based on, electrical load requirement amount hot and cold to next day day part and garden distributed generation resource Tou power price and for hot/cold charge data, solves optimization object function, obtains system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other in next day day part The operating status of interior each controllable device and the initial capacity of energy storage device；The scheduling a few days ago for each controllable device and energy storage device in system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other is carried out according to Optimization Solution result.
- 2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when establishing device inearized model in system, for device Nonlinear characteristic, carry out linearisation expression by piecewise-linear techniques；The inearized model of each device includes that characterization is corresponding Device is in the linear function for running relationship between power and system cost or income in the unit time, and characterization related device energy Measure the linear function of transformational relation.
- 3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, it is fixed when carrying out linearisation to the nonlinear characteristic of device indicates The operating status of adopted energy storage device includes energy accumulating state and exoergic state, characterizes corresponding state value with 0/1 variable respectively, same The sum of the energy accumulating state value of controllable device at any time and exoergic state value are less than or equal to 1.
- 4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, define certain device operation power P and system cost or income Between function be nonlinear function f (P), then for the piece-wise linearization representation method of nonlinear function f (P) are as follows: to variable P K point is taken to be recorded as p within the t period1、p2..., pk、pk-1, the functional value of each point variable of corresponding record is f (p1)、f(p2) ..., f (pk-1)、f(pk), then the piecewise nonlinear function of t periodIt is indicated with linearization technique are as follows:Wherein, j is the variable of k, intermediate quantity αj=(f (Pj+1)-f(Pj))(Pj+1-Pj), β j=f (Pj)-Pjαj,For in the t period Corresponding point variable pjEnergy storage device operating status value.
- 5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, garden provide multiple forms of energy to complement each other system optimization object function in:Cost of investment function, it is annual to use the one-time investment of the purchase of planning initial stage, installation equipment to convert into life cycle Expense, i.e., equal years value initial outlay expense indicates；Fuel cost function is the expense expression of fuel cell, cold, heat electric shaft producting device consumption non-renewable energy；Operation expense function is that the expense that each device operation and maintenance generate in system indicates；Starting stops cost function, and the expense generated to change due to equipment start-stop state introduces start and stop in majorized function Cost to improve the feasibility of optimum results, and can avoid frequently opening in the cycle of operation with the frequent start-stop of avoiding device Stopping the influence to device service life indicates；Changed power cost function, the equivalent expense to change due to plant capacity and generating indicate；The cost function of extraneous network exchange power includes: the cost function that (1) exchanges power with bulk power grid；(2) it is supplied with extraneous Hot/cold net exchanges the cost function of power, indicates under central heating (cold) mode, and garden absorbs heat from extraneous heat supply (cold) net (cold) power and the expense generated；Heat supply (cold) revenue function, for the expression of income that obtains to garden user's heat supply or cooling supply.
- 6. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, garden is provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other system optimization bound for objective function In, the hot and cold of system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other, electric equilibrium equation are equality constraint equation, so that system is full within the minimum period of scheduling Hot and cold, the electric balance of foot, in which:Hot and cold equilibrium equation refers to that heat (cold) amount+electricity that accumulation of heat (cold) device releases to system heats (cold) device to being Heat (cold) amount+garden system that heat (cold) amount+cold, heat electric shaft producting device for releasing is released to system of uniting is from extraneous defeated heat Heat (cold) amount+garden system that heat (cold) amount=accumulation of heat (cold) device that (cold) net absorbs is absorbed from system is outwardly defeated hot (cold) Net heat supply (cold) demand of heat (cold) amount+garden internal loading of release；Electrical power equilibrium equation refers to that wind-powered electricity generation in garden, electric energy+cold, heat electric shaft producting device of photovoltaic distributed power supply output are defeated Electric energy out+fuel cell output electric energy+battery output electric energy+needed for electric energy=pure electric load that bulk power grid absorbs Electric energy+electric energy that electric energy+battery needed for electricity heating (cold) load absorbs+electric energy discharged to bulk power grid.
- 7. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, garden is provided multiple forms of energy to complement each other system optimization bound for objective function In, the operating status of each device is limited to inequality constraints equation in system of providing multiple forms of energy to complement each other, comprising:The power output of controllable device limits, i.e. controllable device output or the power absorbed is greater than device and can be output or absorb Minimum power, the maximum power that can be output or absorb less than device；The limitation of controllable device power output variable quantity, the i.e. power variation of controllable device within a certain period of time are greater than most High-power reduction amount is less than maximum power incrementss；The capacity limit of energy storage device, the i.e. capacity of energy storage device are greater than minimum stored energy capacitance limit value, are less than maximum energy storage and hold Measure limit value；The capacity limit value of the initial and finish time of energy storage device, the i.e. when capacity of energy storage device finish time needs to be equal to initial The capacity at quarter, to meet the recurrent state of storage, exoergic.
- 8. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when establishing device inearized model in system, use respectively The consumption power of each non-energy storage device, the accumulation of energy power of energy storage device, energy storage dress in the continuous state argument table forest garden area of 24 dimensions Power that exoergic power, the garden set are absorbed from power grid, the power that garden is released to power grid, controllable device start-up cost, can Control device stopping cost, energy storage device energy storage when changed power cost, energy storage device exoergic when changed power cost with And the initial power amount of energy storage device；The energy accumulating state value of energy storage device, energy storage device are indicated using 0/1 variable of 24 dimensions respectively Exoergic state value and non-energy storage device start and stop state value.
- 9. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, based on garden provide multiple forms of energy to complement each other system optimization object function and its Constraint condition constitutes typical mixed integer linear programming model, and then is based on, electrical load requirement hot and cold to next day day part Amount is with the predicted value and day part tou power price of garden distributed generation resource power output and for hot/cold charge data, using commercial excellent Change solver to solve optimization object function.
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