CN109405160B - Ventilation system for pressurized water reactor nuclear power station containment - Google Patents
Ventilation system for pressurized water reactor nuclear power station containment Download PDFInfo
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- CN109405160B CN109405160B CN201811087035.8A CN201811087035A CN109405160B CN 109405160 B CN109405160 B CN 109405160B CN 201811087035 A CN201811087035 A CN 201811087035A CN 109405160 B CN109405160 B CN 109405160B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
- F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
- F24F7/08—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit with separate ducts for supplied and exhausted air with provisions for reversal of the input and output systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/28—Arrangement or mounting of filters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a pressurized water reactor nuclear power station containment vessel ventilation system which comprises an air supply main pipe, wherein at least one fresh air port and a plurality of branch ventilation pipelines are arranged on the air supply main pipe, and air supply ports of the branch ventilation pipelines are respectively arranged in a plurality of equipment areas of a containment vessel and connected; wherein, the fresh air inlet is used for introducing cold air for cooling the containment. According to the invention, a plurality of ventilation systems of the containment of the traditional pressurized water reactor nuclear power station are combined into one containment ventilation system, so that the structural design of the containment ventilation system can be simplified, equipment and pipelines required by the ventilation system are reduced, and the construction cost of the system is reduced; and the fewer the components, the simpler the design, and the help to reduce the problem of nuclear power plant operation error caused by containment equipment failure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power, in particular to a ventilation system for a pressurized water reactor nuclear power station containment.
Background
As shown in fig. 1, a containment ventilation system of most conventional pressurized water reactor nuclear power plants is designed to perform separate cooling ventilation for each area or equipment of a containment, so that the conventional containment ventilation cooling system has a complex design and a large number of equipment; for example: 13 fans are arranged in the CPR1000 type containment, 12 fans are arranged in the Hualong I type containment, and 11 fans are arranged in the EPR type containment. Wherein the cooling equipment and piping occupy a large amount of space within the containment; in addition, due to the characteristics of the fan, the fan is easy to break down during continuous operation, and if the system loses 50% of cooling capacity, the power plant is withdrawn; if the system loses 100% of its cooling capacity, the reactor will shut down. During the power operation of the reactor, the safety of workers is considered, the time for the workers to enter the containment vessel for operation is strictly controlled, the fan is extremely difficult to maintain, and the reliability of the fan is strictly required.
In the process of implementing the invention, the inventor finds that at least the following problems exist in the prior art:
1) the traditional pressurized water reactor containment vessel ventilation system is complex in design and various in equipment, and occupies a large amount of space of the containment vessel;
2) the equipment maintenance of the traditional pressurized water reactor containment ventilation system is difficult.
The above information is presented merely as background information to aid in understanding the present invention. With respect to the present disclosure, it is not determined whether any of the above is applicable as a prior art of the present invention.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a pressurized water reactor nuclear power station containment vessel ventilation system so as to overcome the defects of complex design and various devices of the traditional pressurized water reactor containment vessel ventilation system.
In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the invention provides a pressurized water reactor nuclear power station containment vessel ventilation system which is characterized by comprising an air supply main pipe, wherein the air supply main pipe is provided with at least one fresh air port and a plurality of branch ventilation pipelines; and cold air sequentially passes through the fresh air inlet and the air supply main pipe and then is shunted by the plurality of branch ventilating pipelines to enter each equipment area of the containment.
In one embodiment, the containment further comprises a return air main pipe, at least one return air inlet is formed in the return air main pipe, and cold air in the containment enters the return air main pipe through the return air inlet after the temperature of the cold air rises.
In one embodiment, the return air main pipe is arranged on the containment through a containment penetration piece in a penetrating way;
the air return main pipe is provided with at least one air outlet, at least one cooling coil and at least one filter, and the air outlet and the cooling coil are arranged outside the containment.
In one embodiment, the air supply main pipe penetrates through the containment through piece and is arranged on the containment;
the air supply main pipe is also provided with at least one fan used for guiding fresh air to enter the air supply main pipe, and the fan and the fresh air inlet are both arranged outside the containment.
In one embodiment, containment isolation valves are respectively arranged on two sides of a position, penetrating through the containment, of the return air main pipe, and containment isolation valves are respectively arranged on two sides of a position, penetrating through the containment, of the air supply main pipe.
In one embodiment, two ends of the return air main pipe are respectively connected with two ends of the air supply main pipe.
In one embodiment, the air conditioner comprises a first cooling coil, a second cooling coil, a first air outlet and a second air outlet, wherein the first cooling coil and the first air outlet are arranged on one side of a return air main pipe, and the second cooling coil and the second air outlet are arranged on the other side of the return air main pipe.
In one embodiment, the air conditioner comprises a first fan, a second fan, a first fresh air port and a second fresh air port, wherein the first fan and the first fresh air port are arranged on one side of the air supply main pipe, and the second fan and the second fresh air port are arranged on the other side of the air supply main pipe.
In one embodiment, the first exhaust port, the first cooling coil, the first fan and the first fresh air port are sequentially connected through a pipeline, and the second exhaust port, the second cooling coil, the second fan and the second fresh air port are sequentially connected through a pipeline.
In one embodiment, the air supply main pipe is provided with at least a first branch air duct, a second branch air duct and a third branch air duct; the air supply outlet of the first branch ventilation pipeline is arranged at the air space of the containment vessel, the air supply outlet of the second branch ventilation pipeline is arranged at the reactor pit, and the air supply outlet of the third branch ventilation pipeline is arranged at the control rod driving mechanism.
Through the scheme, the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the embodiment of the invention, a plurality of ventilation systems of the containment vessel of the traditional pressurized water reactor nuclear power station are combined into one containment vessel ventilation system, so that the structural design of the containment vessel ventilation system can be simplified, equipment and pipelines required by the ventilation system are reduced, and the construction cost of the system is reduced; and the fewer the components, the simpler the design, and the help to reduce the problem of nuclear power plant operation error caused by containment equipment failure.
(2) In consideration of the fact that the time for personnel to enter the containment vessel to operate is strictly controlled during the power operation of the reactor, the fan, the cooling coil, the filter and other equipment are arranged outside the pressurized water reactor containment vessel, and the fan, the cooling coil, the filter and other equipment can be conveniently maintained. And the working area is positioned outside the containment, so that the radiation dose received by the working personnel in unit time is reduced, the continuous working time is prolonged, and the equipment is more convenient to maintain.
(3) The fan maintenance system is provided with the first fan and the second fan, wherein the first fan and the second fan are mutually standby, and when one fan fails, the other standby fan is switched to isolate the failed fan, so that a worker can maintain the failed fan.
It is to be understood that not necessarily all such advantages may be achieved in accordance with any particular embodiment of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a containment ventilation system of a conventional pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant in the prior art.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant containment ventilation system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
a main air supply pipe 1, a fresh air inlet 11, a fan 12, a containment isolation valve 13, an isolation air valve 14,
a return air main pipe 2, a return air inlet 21, an exhaust outlet 22, a cooling coil 23, a filter 24, a containment isolation valve 25, an isolation air valve 26,
a branched ventilation duct 3, a first branched ventilation duct 31, a second branched ventilation duct 32, a third branched ventilation duct 33;
containment vessel 4, containment gas space 41, reactor pit 42, control rod drive 43.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a pressurized water reactor nuclear power station containment ventilation system, the system structure of which is shown in fig. 1, and referring to fig. 1, the system comprises a main air supply pipe 1, wherein the main air supply pipe 1 is provided with at least one fresh air port 11 and a plurality of branch ventilation pipelines, and air supply ports of the branch ventilation pipelines 3 are respectively arranged in a plurality of equipment areas of a containment 4 and connected with each other; wherein, the fresh air port 11 is used for introducing cold air for cooling the containment vessel 4. After sequentially passing through the fresh air inlet 11 and the air supply main pipe 1, the cold air is shunted by the plurality of branch ventilation pipelines 3 and enters each equipment area of the containment vessel 4.
One end of the branch ventilation duct 3 is connected to the main air supply duct 1, and the other end is provided with the air supply outlet.
Specifically, the various equipment regions include primarily the reactor pit, control rod drive mechanisms, containment dome, and other equipment regions of the containment vessel 4.
According to the embodiment of the invention, cold air is concentrated through the air supply main pipe 1 and then is distributed to each equipment area of the containment vessel 4 for cooling; compared with the traditional ventilation technology, the embodiment actually combines a plurality of ventilation systems into one containment ventilation system, so that the structural design of the containment ventilation system can be simplified, the equipment and the pipelines required by the ventilation system are reduced, and the construction cost of the system is reduced; moreover, the fewer the components of the system, the simpler the design, and the less the occurrence of the operating error of the nuclear power plant caused by the failure of the containment equipment.
In one embodiment, the pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant containment ventilation system further comprises a return air main pipe 2, the return air main pipe 2 is provided with at least one return air inlet 21, the temperature of the cold air in the containment rises and then enters the return air main pipe 2 through the return air inlet 21, the density of the gas decreases after the temperature of the gas rises, and therefore the gas which is heated in the containment due to the cooling equipment gradually rises and finally enters the return air main pipe 2 through the return air inlet 21.
In which figure 1 shows an example structure with three return air openings 21.
In one embodiment, the return air main pipe 2 is arranged on the containment through a containment penetration piece in a penetrating way; the air return main pipe 2 is further provided with at least one air outlet 22, at least one cooling coil 23 and at least one filter 24, and the air outlet 22, the cooling coil 23 and the filter 24 are all arranged outside the containment.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the cooling coil 23 is used for cooling the gas in the gas return main pipe 2, and the filter 24 is used for filtering the gas during the discharge of the gas, and the time for a person to enter the containment vessel for operation is strictly controlled during the power operation of the reactor, so that all the main devices of the containment vessel ventilation system such as the cooling coil 23 and the filter 24 are arranged outside the containment vessel, thereby facilitating the maintenance of the devices such as the cooling coil 23 and the filter 24. And the overhaul work area is positioned outside the containment, so that the radiation dose received by the workers in unit time is reduced, the continuous work time is prolonged, and the equipment is more convenient to maintain.
In one embodiment, the blowing main pipe 1 is arranged on a containment through a containment penetration piece in a penetrating way, so that the integrity and the tightness of a containment barrier are maintained when the blowing main pipe 1 penetrates through the containment; the air supply main pipe 1 is further provided with at least one fan 12 used for guiding fresh air to enter the air supply main pipe 1, and the fan 12 and the fresh air inlet 11 are both arranged outside the containment. In consideration of the fact that the time for personnel to enter the containment vessel for operation is strictly controlled during the power operation of the reactor, the fan 12 is arranged outside the containment vessel in the embodiment of the invention, so that the fan 12 can be conveniently maintained. And the overhaul work area is positioned outside the containment, so that the radiation dose received by the workers in unit time is reduced, the continuous work time is prolonged, and the equipment is more convenient to maintain.
In one embodiment, containment isolation valves 25 are respectively disposed on two sides of a position, penetrating through the containment, of the return air main pipe 2, and containment isolation valves 13 are respectively disposed on two sides of a position, penetrating through the containment, of the blowing air main pipe 1. Containment isolation valves are arranged on two sides of the penetrating piece in the embodiment, and the containment isolation valves have the characteristics of high pressure resistance, high temperature resistance and quick closing, so that the containment isolation valves can be quickly closed under accident conditions (design basis accidents and design extension accidents) to isolate a ventilation system.
In the embodiment, the high pressure is 0.52MPa, the high temperature is 156 ℃, and the time for quick closing is less than 3 seconds.
It should be noted that the ventilation system of the present embodiment does not bear high-pressure and high-temperature working conditions except the containment isolation valves 13 and 25.
In an embodiment, two ends of the return air main pipe 2 are respectively connected with two ends of the air supply main pipe 1, that is, the pipeline connection condition outside two sides of the containment shown in fig. 1; according to the scheme of the embodiment, during the shutdown and refueling of the reactor, the operation fan 12 is shut down, and air in the containment is replaced through the fresh air port 11 and the exhaust port 22, so that the ventilation function of the containment is realized.
In one embodiment, the air conditioner comprises a first cooling coil 23, a second cooling coil 23, a first exhaust port 22 and a second exhaust port 22, wherein the first cooling coil 23 and the first exhaust port 22 are arranged on one side of the return air main pipe 2, and the second cooling coil 23 and the second exhaust port 22 are arranged on the other side of the return air main pipe 2. In this embodiment, the first cooling coil 23 and the first exhaust port 22 are first functional modules, the second cooling coil 23 and the second exhaust port 22 are second functional modules, and the first functional module and the second functional module are in a standby relationship with each other, so that when one functional module fails, the other functional module can be in standby starting through failure, thereby improving the working reliability of the ventilation system.
In one embodiment, the air conditioner comprises a first fan 12, a second fan 12, a first fresh air port 11 and a second fresh air port 11, wherein the first fan 12 and the first fresh air port 11 are arranged on one side of the air supply main pipe 1, and the second fan 12 and the second fresh air port 11 are arranged on the other side of the air supply main pipe 1. In this embodiment, the first fan 12 and the first fresh air inlet 11 are third functional modules, the second fan 12 and the second fresh air inlet 11 are fourth functional modules, and the third functional modules and the fourth functional modules are in a standby relationship with each other, so that when one functional module fails, the other functional module can be in standby starting through failure, thereby improving the working reliability of the ventilation system.
Based on the above embodiments, in one embodiment, the first exhaust port 22, the first cooling coil 23, the first fan 12 and the first fresh air port 11 are sequentially connected through a pipeline, and the second exhaust port 22, the second cooling coil 23, the second fan 12 and the second fresh air port 11 are sequentially connected through a pipeline; the present embodiment includes a first functional module, a second functional module, a third functional module and a fourth functional module, wherein, in the application process, the first functional module and the third functional module are corresponding to each other and are used in cooperation with each other; in addition, the second functional module and the fourth functional module are corresponding and are matched for use.
The first exhaust port 22 and the second exhaust port 22 are connected to the return air duct through an isolation air valve 26, and the first fresh air port 11 and the second fresh air port 11 are connected to the supply air duct through an isolation air valve 14, so as to control the entry and discharge of cold air.
In an embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the air supply main pipe 1 is provided with at least a first branch air duct 31, a second branch air duct 32 and a third branch air duct 33, and the three branch air ducts are provided with air supply outlets; the air supply outlet of the first branch ventilation duct 31 is arranged at the containment air space 41 and is used for providing ventilation cooling for the containment air space 41 to realize continuous ventilation of the containment; the air supply outlet of the second branch ventilation duct 32 is arranged at the reactor pit 42 and used for providing ventilation cooling for the reactor pit 42; the air supply outlet of the third branch ventilation duct 33 is provided at the control rod drive mechanism 43, and is used for providing ventilation cooling for the control rod drive mechanism 43.
As an optional scheme, the system in the embodiment of the present invention may be designed according to 2 × 100% capacity, and the system fan 12, the cooling coil 23, the filter 24, and the penetration member are all designed according to 2 × 100% capacity; when any one device fails, the device is switched to a standby system to continuously operate, and the contribution value of the containment ventilation system to the power station unavailability is guaranteed to be zero.
As can be seen from the above description of the embodiments, the embodiments of the present invention have the following advantages:
(1) according to the embodiment of the invention, a plurality of ventilation systems of the containment vessel of the traditional pressurized water reactor nuclear power station are combined into one containment vessel ventilation system, so that the structural design of the containment vessel ventilation system can be simplified, equipment and pipelines required by the ventilation system are reduced, and the construction cost of the system is reduced; and the fewer the components, the simpler the design, and the help to reduce the problem of nuclear power plant operation error caused by containment equipment failure.
(2) In consideration of the fact that the time for personnel to enter the containment vessel to operate is strictly controlled during the power operation of the reactor, the fan 12, the cooling coil 23, the filter 24 and other equipment are arranged outside the pressurized water reactor containment vessel, and the fan 12, the cooling coil 23, the filter 24 and other equipment can be conveniently maintained. And the working area is positioned outside the containment, so that the radiation dose received by the working personnel in unit time is reduced, the continuous working time is prolonged, and the equipment is more convenient to maintain.
(3) The embodiment of the invention is provided with the first fan 12 and the second fan 12, wherein the first fan 12 and the second fan 12 are mutually standby, when one fan 12 fails, the other standby fan 12 is switched to isolate the failed fan 12, and a worker can maintain the failed fan 12.
The embodiments of the invention are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", "third" or "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," "third," or "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make numerous possible variations and modifications to the present teachings, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without departing from the scope of the present teachings, using the methods and techniques disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the protection of the technical solution of the present invention, unless the contents of the technical solution of the present invention are departed.
Claims (3)
1. A pressurized water reactor nuclear power station containment ventilation system is characterized by comprising an air supply main pipe and an air return main pipe which penetrate through a containment through piece and are arranged on a containment, wherein two ends of the air return main pipe are respectively connected with two ends of the air supply main pipe; the fresh air inlet is used for introducing cold air for cooling the containment; the air return main pipe is provided with at least one air return opening, and cold air in the containment enters the air return main pipe through the air return opening after the temperature of the cold air rises; the air return main pipe is also provided with a first cooling coil, a second cooling coil, a first air outlet and a second air outlet, and the air outlet and the cooling coil are arranged outside the containment; the first cooling coil and the first air outlet are arranged on one side of the air return main pipe, and the second cooling coil and the second air outlet are arranged on the other side of the air return main pipe;
the air supply system also comprises a first fan, a second fan, a first fresh air port and a second fresh air port, wherein the first fan and the first fresh air port are arranged on one side of the air supply main pipe, and the second fan and the second fresh air port are arranged on the other side of the air supply main pipe; the first exhaust port, the first cooling coil, the first fan and the first fresh air port are sequentially connected through a pipeline, and the second exhaust port, the second cooling coil, the second fan and the second fresh air port are sequentially connected through a pipeline;
the air supply main pipe is at least provided with a first branch ventilation pipeline, a second branch ventilation pipeline and a third branch ventilation pipeline; the air supply outlet of the first branch ventilation pipeline is arranged at the air space of the containment vessel, the air supply outlet of the second branch ventilation pipeline is arranged at the reactor pit, and the air supply outlet of the third branch ventilation pipeline is arranged at the control rod driving mechanism.
2. The pressurized water reactor nuclear power station containment ventilation system of claim 1, wherein the main air supply pipe is further provided with at least one fan for guiding fresh air into the main air supply pipe, and the fan and the fresh air port are both arranged outside the containment.
3. The pressurized water reactor nuclear power station containment ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein containment isolation valves are respectively arranged on two sides of a position, penetrating through a containment, on the return air main pipe, and containment isolation valves are respectively arranged on two sides of a position, penetrating through a containment, on the blowing air main pipe.
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| CN201811087035.8A CN109405160B (en) | 2018-09-18 | 2018-09-18 | Ventilation system for pressurized water reactor nuclear power station containment |
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| CN201811087035.8A CN109405160B (en) | 2018-09-18 | 2018-09-18 | Ventilation system for pressurized water reactor nuclear power station containment |
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| CN109405160B true CN109405160B (en) | 2021-05-14 |
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| CN110299216A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-10-01 | 中广核工程有限公司 | It is a kind of for the cooling apparatus of the interim cooling supply of nuclear power plant nuclear island and for cooling method |
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| JP2735426B2 (en) * | 1992-02-04 | 1998-04-02 | 株式会社東芝 | Ventilation air-conditioning equipment and ventilation air-conditioning control method for nuclear power plant |
| JPH09159207A (en) * | 1995-12-07 | 1997-06-20 | Toshiba Corp | Ventilation and air conditionign facility for central control room |
| CN102820068A (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2012-12-12 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Emergency fresh air pipeline of ventilation system of main control room of nuclear power station |
| CN203607101U (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-05-21 | 中国广核集团有限公司 | Ventilating-exhausting system of nuclear power containment vessel |
| CN206131335U (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2017-04-26 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | Marine nuclear energy facility master control room can system of residing |
| CN108022658A (en) * | 2017-11-01 | 2018-05-11 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇九研究所 | A kind of containment ventilating system with Yu Haiyang nuclear power platform |
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