CN109404129B - Isothermal heat-release cycle internal combustion engine and control method thereof - Google Patents
Isothermal heat-release cycle internal combustion engine and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109404129B CN109404129B CN201811098526.2A CN201811098526A CN109404129B CN 109404129 B CN109404129 B CN 109404129B CN 201811098526 A CN201811098526 A CN 201811098526A CN 109404129 B CN109404129 B CN 109404129B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P9/00—Electric spark ignition control, not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention provides an isothermal heat release cycle internal combustion engine and a control method thereof, wherein the isothermal heat release cycle internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder, a piston, a spark plug and an ignition coil (3); on the basis of the otto cycle of the ignition engine, an isothermal heat release process is fused, so that the cooling loss is greatly reduced, and the fuel efficiency is improved. The whole combustion process consists of constant-volume heat release and isothermal heat release. Each spark plug is driven by an ignition coil (3), and combustion heat release rate control is carried out by controlling a single-electrode discharge strategy and multi-electrode discharge coordination. When the upper dead point is compressed, constant-volume combustion is carried out, and isothermal heat release thermodynamic cycle is realized by means of the increase of the volume of a combustion chamber in the descending process of a piston and single-electrode discharge strategy and multi-electrode coordination control; the fuel efficiency can be improved, the cooling loss can be reduced, the temperature of the working medium can be reduced, and the detonation probability can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of internal combustion engines, in particular to an isothermal heat release cycle internal combustion engine and a control method thereof, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency isothermal heat release cycle internal combustion engine suitable for the field of spark ignition engines such as gasoline engines and gas internal combustion engines.
Background
Improving combustion efficiency is a key goal in the development of engines. In general, the efficiency of a spark ignition type internal combustion engine is improved by lean combustion, a high compression ratio, or the like, but the ignition type internal combustion engine also has problems such as unstable combustion and explosion tendency. In addition, heat transfer loss is also one of the great obstacles limiting the increase in thermal efficiency of the engine. The spark ignition type internal combustion engine is based on the Otto cycle, the prior art can be summarized as approaching the actual engine cycle to the ideal Otto cycle so as to improve the efficiency, and no innovation is provided on the thermodynamic cycle so as to improve the engine efficiency.
Therefore, the design of a novel internal combustion engine with high fuel efficiency and low cooling loss has certain practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide an isothermal heat-release cycle internal combustion engine and a control method thereof.
The invention provides an isothermal heat release cycle internal combustion engine, which comprises a cylinder, a piston, a spark plug and an ignition coil, wherein the piston is connected with the cylinder; the piston and the spark plug are both arranged in the cylinder, and the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder surround to form a first space; the ignition coil is connected with the spark plug and can control the discharge energy and the discharge duration of the spark plug;
and the cylinder is provided with an inlet valve and an exhaust valve.
Preferably, N spark plugs can realize single-electrode discharge or multi-electrode coordinated discharge under the control of M ignition coils, wherein N and M are positive integers.
Preferably, the ignition coil comprises a control circuit, a coil assembly, a high-voltage diode and a high-voltage lead; the control circuit is connected with the coil assembly and can control the coil assembly to discharge; the coil assembly is connected with a high-voltage wire through a high-voltage diode; the ignition coil is connected with the spark plug through a high-voltage lead.
According to the control method of the isothermal heat release cycle internal combustion engine provided by the invention, the isothermal heat release cycle internal combustion engine comprises the following steps:
the combustion process comprises the following steps: and the N spark plugs discharge under the control of the M ignition coils according to a set first discharge strategy to ignite part of the mixture of the fuel and the air of the internal combustion engine, and then the N spark plugs continuously discharge under the control of the M ignition coils according to a set second discharge strategy to burn the rest mixture of the fuel and the air of the internal combustion engine, so that a thermodynamic isothermal process is realized.
Preferably, the intake stroke step: the air inlet valve is opened, the air outlet valve is closed, and the first space volume is increased through the movement of the piston, so that external air is introduced into the cylinder;
a compression stroke step: the intake valve and the exhaust valve are both closed, the volume of the first space is reduced through the movement of the piston, and the mixture of the fuel and the air of the internal combustion engine is compressed;
a power stroke step: the mixture of the ignited fuel and air of the internal combustion engine generates high-temperature and high-pressure gas to push the piston to move and do work outwards;
the heat extraction process comprises the following steps: the inlet valve is closed, the exhaust valve is opened, and heat is discharged in constant volume;
an exhaust stroke step: the inlet valve is closed, the exhaust valve is opened, the first space volume is reduced through inertial motion of the piston, and exhaust gas is discharged.
Preferably, the first and second discharge strategies include any one or any combination of a single discharge, multiple discharges, and a continuous discharge.
Preferably, the heat release rate of the isothermal process in the step of the combustion process can be calculated by the following formula:
wherein Q is the heat released in the isothermal heat release process,
is the crankshaft angle, R is the ideal gas constant, K is the constant, S is the area of the top of the piston, V0Is the first space volume at the top dead center, lambda is the link ratio,
is the crank angle at compression top dead center.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention has simple mechanical structure, convenient installation and reconstruction and easy maintenance;
2. the invention can improve the fuel efficiency through isothermal heat release circulation;
2. the invention can greatly reduce the cooling loss by reducing the isothermal heat release circulation;
3. the invention can reduce the temperature of the working medium, thereby reducing the detonation probability.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an isothermal heat release cycle in an isothermal heat release cycle internal combustion engine and a control method thereof according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an Otto cycle of a spark-ignition engine;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an isothermal heat-release cycle combustion chamber in the isothermal heat-release cycle internal combustion engine and the control method thereof according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an ignition coil in an isothermal heat-release cycle internal combustion engine and a method of controlling the same according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a preferred single-electrode ignition strategy in the isothermal heat-release cycle internal combustion engine and the control method thereof provided by the invention.
The figures show that:
High-voltage conductor 6
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides an isothermal heat release cycle internal combustion engine, which comprises a cylinder, a piston, a spark plug and an ignition coil 3; the piston and the spark plug are both arranged in the cylinder, and the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder surround to form a first space; the ignition coil 3 is connected with a spark plug and can control the discharge energy and the discharge duration of the spark plug; and the cylinder is provided with an inlet valve and an exhaust valve.
Preferably, N of the spark plugs can realize single-electrode discharge or multi-electrode coordinated discharge under the control of M ignition coils 3, wherein N and M are positive integers. The ignition coil 3 comprises a control circuit, a coil assembly 4, a high-voltage diode 5 and a high-voltage lead 6; the control circuit is connected with the coil assembly 4 and can control the coil assembly 4 to discharge; the coil assembly 4 is connected with a high-voltage lead 6 through a high-voltage diode 5; the ignition coil 3 is connected to a spark plug by a high-voltage lead 6.
According to the control method of the isothermal heat release cycle internal combustion engine provided by the invention, the isothermal heat release cycle internal combustion engine comprises the following steps:
the combustion process comprises the following steps: n spark plugs discharge under the control of the M ignition coils 3 according to a set first discharge strategy to ignite part of the mixture of the fuel and the air of the internal combustion engine, and then N spark plugs continuously discharge under the control of the M ignition coils 3 according to a set second discharge strategy to burn the rest mixture of the fuel and the air of the internal combustion engine, so that a thermodynamic isothermal process is realized.
Specifically, the intake stroke step: the air inlet valve is opened, the air outlet valve is closed, and the first space volume is increased through the movement of the piston, so that external air is introduced into the cylinder;
a compression stroke step: the intake valve and the exhaust valve are both closed, the volume of the first space is reduced through the movement of the piston, and the mixture of the fuel and the air of the internal combustion engine is compressed;
a power stroke step: the mixture of the ignited fuel and air of the internal combustion engine generates high-temperature and high-pressure gas to push the piston to move and do work outwards;
the heat extraction process comprises the following steps: the inlet valve is closed, the exhaust valve is opened, and heat is discharged in constant volume;
an exhaust stroke step: the inlet valve is closed, the exhaust valve is opened, the first space volume is reduced through inertial motion of the piston, and exhaust gas is discharged.
The first and second discharge strategies include any one or any combination of a single discharge, multiple discharges, and a continuous discharge. The heat release rate of the isothermal process in the combustion process step can be calculated by the following formula:
wherein Q is the heat released in the isothermal heat release process,
is the crankshaft angle, R is the ideal gas constant, K is the constant, S is the area of the top of the piston, V0Is the first space volume at the top dead center, lambda is the link ratio,
is the crank angle at compression top dead center.
More specifically, the heat release rate formula of the isothermal process in the combustion process step is calculated as follows:
according to the second law of thermodynamics Q (heat) ═ W (work) + U (internal energy), when isothermal heat release circulation is adopted, the internal energy of the working medium is unchanged, and heat energy input in the circulation is directly converted into external output work, so that the fuel efficiency is improved, and the cooling loss is reduced.
The heat release rate, without taking into account heat transfer losses, is given by the first formula:
calculated, wherein Q is the heat released in the isothermal heat release process, U is the internal energy of the working medium, W is the work of the working medium pushing the piston,
is the crank angle. For isothermal exotherm, the internal energy does not change, so there is a second formula:
wherein p is the working medium pressure and V is the working medium volume. According to the ideal gas equation, there is a third formula in the case of isothermal heat release:
pV＝nRT＝K
where n is the amount of material, R is the ideal gas constant, and K is a constant.
Combining the second formula with the third formula, there is a fourth formula:
in the power stroke of the internal combustion engine, there is a fifth formula:
V＝Svt+V0
wherein SIs the area of the top of the piston, V is the downward velocity of the piston, V0The first volume of space at top dead centre. From the engine equation of motion, there is a sixth formula:
where ω is crankshaft angular velocity and λ is the link ratio. A seventh formula also exists:
wherein
Is the crank angle at compression top dead center. Substituting the sixth equation and the seventh equation into the fifth equation may yield an eighth equation:
substituting the eighth equation into the fourth equation may yield a ninth equation:
the ninth formula is a calculation formula of the heat release rate in the isothermal heat release process of the internal combustion engine. The ignition coil 3 controls a single-electrode discharge strategy and multi-electrode discharge coordination to control the heat release rate of combustion, and meanwhile, the piston descends in the combustion process to realize thermodynamic near-equal heat release circulation.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, for the conventional otto cycle, a-b is an intake stroke, b-c is a compression stroke, d-e is a power stroke, b-a is an exhaust stroke, c-d is a constant volume combustion process, and e-f is a constant volume heat removal process after an exhaust throttle valve is opened; as shown in FIG. 2, for the isothermal heat release cycle proposed by the present invention, a-b is an intake stroke, b-c is a compression stroke, d-e-f is a power stroke, b-a is an exhaust stroke, and the combustion process comprises a constant volume combustion process of c-d and an isothermal combustion process of d-e.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, taking the number of the ignition plugs 3 as two as an example, the combustion process is controlled and performed by the first ignition plug 1, the second ignition plug 2, and the ignition coil 3. The first spark plug 1 and the second spark plug 2 are controlled by an ignition coil 3, and the ignition coil 3 performs a single-electrode discharge strategy. When the piston runs to the upper dead point accessory, the first spark plug 1 discharges firstly, or the first spark plug 1 and the second spark plug 2 discharge simultaneously, the ignition coil 3 controls the discharge energy and the discharge duration to complete the c-d constant volume combustion process, part of combustible gas is ignited, when the piston moves downwards, the first spark plug 1 or the first spark plug 1 and the second spark plug 2 act together through the first space flow field to continuously output energy to combust the residual unburned gas, so that the heat release rate control shown in a ninth formula is realized, and simultaneously, due to the increase of the first space volume when the piston moves downwards, and the synchronous pressure reduction during the ignition strategy and multi-electrode control, the thermodynamic isothermal process is realized.
As shown in fig. 4, the ignition coil 3 is internally connected with four coil assemblies 4 in parallel and drives a first spark plug 1 or a second spark plug 2 through a high voltage diode 5, and the ignition coil 3 and the spark plugs are connected through a high voltage lead 6. The ignition coil 3 can realize single discharge, multiple discharge, continuous discharge and the like with different energies and durations as shown in fig. 5, and the implementation of a specific discharge strategy is controlled according to actual requirements.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, in addition to implementing the systems, apparatus, and various modules thereof provided by the present invention in purely computer readable program code, the same procedures can be implemented entirely by logically programming method steps such that the systems, apparatus, and various modules thereof are provided in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers and the like. Therefore, the system, the device and the modules thereof provided by the present invention can be considered as a hardware component, and the modules included in the system, the device and the modules thereof for implementing various programs can also be considered as structures in the hardware component; modules for performing various functions may also be considered to be both software programs for performing the methods and structures within hardware components.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (1)
1. A control method of an isothermal heat release cycle internal combustion engine is characterized in that, by using the isothermal heat release cycle internal combustion engine,
the isothermal heat release cycle internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder, a piston, a spark plug and an ignition coil (3); the piston and the spark plug are both arranged in the cylinder, and the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder surround to form a first space; the ignition coil (3) is connected with a spark plug and can control the discharge energy and the discharge duration of the spark plug;
an intake valve and an exhaust valve are arranged on the cylinder;
the N spark plugs can realize single-electrode discharge or multi-electrode coordinated discharge under the control of the M ignition coils (3), wherein N and M are positive integers;
the ignition coil (3) comprises a control circuit, a coil assembly (4), a high-voltage diode (5) and a high-voltage lead (6); the control circuit is connected with the coil assembly (4) and can control the coil assembly (4) to discharge; the coil assembly (4) is connected with a high-voltage lead (6) through a high-voltage diode (5); the ignition coil (3) is connected with a spark plug through a high-voltage lead (6);
the isothermal heat release cycle internal combustion engine control method includes:
the combustion process comprises the following steps: the N spark plugs discharge under the control of the M ignition coils (3) according to a set first discharge strategy to ignite part of the mixture of the fuel and the air of the internal combustion engine, and then the N spark plugs continuously discharge under the control of the M ignition coils (3) according to a set second discharge strategy to burn the rest mixture of the fuel and the air of the internal combustion engine, so that the control of the heat release rate in a thermodynamic isothermal process and an isothermal heat release process of the internal combustion engine is realized;
the first discharge strategy comprises any one or any combination of double-coil single discharge, four-coil single discharge, multiple discharges and continuous discharge;
the second discharge strategy comprises any one or any combination of double-coil single discharge, four-coil single discharge, multiple discharges and continuous discharge;
the heat release rate of the isothermal process in the combustion process step is calculated by the following formula:
wherein Q is the heat released in the isothermal heat release process, phi is the crankshaft angle, R is the ideal gas constant, K is the constant, S is the area of the top of the piston, V0The first space volume at the top dead center, λ is the link ratio, phi0Is the crank angle at compression top dead center.
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| JP2008082181A (en) * | 2006-09-26 | 2008-04-10 | Mazda Motor Corp | Ignition control device for rotary piston engine |
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| CN106523227B (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2019-03-05 | 上海理工大学 | The multi-point spark combustion system of the double injection apparatus of band |
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