CN109402708A - The preparation method of aluminium and aluminium alloy wear-proof self-lubricating coat in use - Google Patents
The preparation method of aluminium and aluminium alloy wear-proof self-lubricating coat in use Download PDFInfo
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- CN109402708A CN109402708A CN201811208479.2A CN201811208479A CN109402708A CN 109402708 A CN109402708 A CN 109402708A CN 201811208479 A CN201811208479 A CN 201811208479A CN 109402708 A CN109402708 A CN 109402708A
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- Prior art keywords
- self
- roughening
- lubricating coat
- aluminium
- lubricating
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,9,10-tetramethoxy-6,8,13,13a-tetrahydro-5H-isoquinolino[2,1-b]isoquinoline Chemical compound C1CN2CC(C(=C(OC)C=C3)OC)=C3CC2C2=C1C=C(OC)C(OC)=C2 AEQDJSLRWYMAQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000176 sodium gluconate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229940005574 sodium gluconate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000012207 sodium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- KVBCYCWRDBDGBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;dihydrofluoride Chemical compound [NH4+].F.[F-] KVBCYCWRDBDGBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005480 shot peening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 34
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 20
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 14
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- ORVGYTXFUWTWDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid;sodium Chemical compound [Na].O[Si](O)(O)O ORVGYTXFUWTWDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001208 Crucible steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000219095 Vitis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009754 Vitis X bourquina Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012333 Vitis X labruscana Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000014787 Vitis vinifera Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- IDAGXRIGDWCIET-SDFKWCIISA-L disodium;(2s,3s,4s,5r)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O IDAGXRIGDWCIET-SDFKWCIISA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004446 fluoropolymer coating Substances 0.000 description 2
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical compound [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000020442 loss of weight Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/10—Etching compositions
- C23F1/14—Aqueous compositions
- C23F1/16—Acidic compositions
- C23F1/20—Acidic compositions for etching aluminium or alloys thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
- C25D5/42—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated of light metals
- C25D5/44—Aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- ing And Chemical Polishing (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Present invention relates particularly to the preparation methods of a kind of aluminium and aluminium alloy wear-proof self-lubricating coat in use, it carries out roughening treatment to matrix first, then self-lubricating coat in use A is prepared in matrix surface, and grinding process is carried out to self-lubricating coat in use A, pre-treatment is carried out to sample coupon again, then hard particles reinforced phase is prepared using electrochemical in-situ growth method, self-lubricating coat in use B is finally prepared in hard particles reinforced phase, the roughening treatment is using chemistry roughening or mechanical coarsening method, ammonium acid fluoride containing 80-200g/L in coarsening solution used in the chemistry roughening treatment, the ammonium chloride of 10-90g/L, the copper chloride of 0.01-5g/L, the polyethylene glycol of 1-20g/L, the sodium gluconate of 0.5-20g/L, the boric acid of 1-20g/L and the glycerine of 1-20g/L, the machine Tool roughening method is sandblasting roughening, shot-peening roughening, ball blast roughening or 3D printing roughening.This method effectively reduces the coefficient of friction of self-lubricating wear-resistant coating, improves its service life.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to use the reaction solution of the acidic aqueous solution of pH < 6 to react with surface, surface material is retained in coating
Expect the metal material surface chemical treatment method field of reaction product, and in particular to a kind of aluminium and aluminium alloy wear-proof self-lubricating coat in use
Preparation method.
Background technique
With the continuous improvement that energy saving loss of weight requires, aluminum and aluminum alloy mateial is since density is low, specific strength is high, mechanical property
Well, the advantages that electric conductivity and processing performance and corrosion resistance are excellent, is widely used in Aeronautics and Astronautics, automobile, high-speed rail, ship
The fields such as oceangoing ship, building, food, chemical industry, machine-building, telecommunications (" the standard application status of elemental analysis in aluminium and aluminium alloy
With Advances in Methods ", Liu Pan, metallurgical analysis, the 4th phase of volume 38 in 2018, page 32, publication date on 08 31st, 2018).
However, many equipments or product such as lead aluminium and aluminium alloy moving component since the hardness of aluminium and aluminium alloy is low, wears no resistance
Wearability, lubricity of the surface protection coating of rail, piston etc. etc. propose higher requirement.
Currently, hard anodising technique and differential arc oxidization technique can be obvious in aluminium and aluminium alloy surface treatment method
Surface Wear Resistance of Materials is improved, but self-lubrication is relatively poor, meanwhile, it can shadow using the protective coating of above two method preparation
Ring the fatigue performance of component itself；And self-lubricating coat in use such as molybdenum disulfide coating, fluoropolymer coating etc., although having good
Self-lubricating property, but friction durability is relatively short；Wear-resisting particle (silica, silicon carbide are added in certain slip coatings
Deng), the friction durability problem of coating can be effectively improved, still, exist in practical applications surface be easy dusting, adhesive force compared with
The problems such as poor.To sum up, aluminum current and the main wear-resistant self-lubricating process for protecting of aluminum alloy surface cannot fully meet product or
More and more extensive use demand is equipped, becomes and restricts the important bottleneck skill that aluminium and aluminium alloy further deeply promote and apply
Art.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of a kind of aluminium and aluminium alloy wear-proof self-lubricating coat in use,
Coating made from this method has self-lubricating and antiwear characteristic simultaneously, solves prior art floating coat self-lubrication deficiency, makes
It the problems such as with easy dusting, poor adhesive force in the process, effectively reduces the coefficient of friction of coating, improve its service life.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
The preparation method of aluminium and aluminium alloy wear-proof self-lubricating coat in use carries out roughening treatment to matrix first, then in matrix
Surface prepares self-lubricating coat in use A, and carries out grinding process to self-lubricating coat in use A, then carry out pre-treatment to sample coupon, then uses
Electrochemical in-situ growth method prepares hard particles reinforced phase, and self-lubricating coat in use B is finally prepared in hard particles reinforced phase, described
Roughening treatment is roughened using chemistry or mechanical coarsening method, contains 80-200g/L's in coarsening solution used in the chemistry roughening treatment
Ammonium acid fluoride, the ammonium chloride of 10-90g/L, the copper chloride of 0.01-5g/L, the polyethylene glycol of 1-20g/L, the grape of 0.5-20g/L
Sodium saccharate, the boric acid of 1-20g/L and the glycerine of 1-20g/L, the mechanical coarsening method are sandblasting roughening, shot-peening roughening, ball blast
Roughening or 3D printing roughening.
Abrasive material used in the sand-blast is the diamond dust that partial size is 40-200 mesh, glass sand, fillet steel sand or diamond dust, glass
It is the cast iron that partial size is 40-200 mesh that the compound abrasive of glass sand and fillet steel sand, the shot-peening roughening or ball blast, which are roughened abrasive material used,
Ball, cast steel ball, ceramic pellet, glass ball or cast iron pellets, cast steel ball, ceramic pellet and glass ball compound abrasive.
The self-lubricating coat in use A uses fluoropolymer coating system, molybdenum disulfide coating system or other with self-lubricating
The coating system of effect.
The preparation of the self-lubricating coat in use A uses spray coating method, dip coating, spread coating or roll coating process.
Self-lubricating coat in use, Ying Caiyong high fog rate spray gun are prepared using spray coating method, self-lubricating coating solid component quality contains
Amount is generally 10%-60%, by adjusting inlet amount, spray distance and the spraying number of high fog rate spray gun, in matrix table
The self-lubricating coat in use A that face is uniformly prepared with a thickness of 10-60 μm.
Workpiece is first immersed in 5s-60s in coating by dip coating, is then taken out, and removes excess surface coating by drying method.
The amount of solid content of dip coating self-lubricating coating is generally 10%-60%.
Spread coating or roll coating process mainly pass through the methods of the rate of volatilization of organic solvent in control coating, addition levelling agent,
Uniform self-lubricating coat in use is prepared in matrix surface, 10-60 μm of range of coat thicknesses, the matter of solid component in self-lubricating coating
Amount content is 30%-60%.
The polishing should polish the wave crest of coating rough surface, so that it is exposed basis material, but not to coating surface
Trough generation significantly affects.
The polishing can be using modes such as manual grinding, electric tool polishing or mechanical grindings.
The degree of the grinding process is mainly by the area accounting of required exposed parent metal, required wear-resisting reinforced phase particle
The factors such as the coarsening rate of size and parent metal determine.
The preparation of the hard particles reinforced phase use sulfuric acid process, mixed acid process or other can prepare with aluminum oxide
For the method for main hard particles reinforced phase.
Containing the concentrated sulfuric acid of 150-350g/L in solution used in the sulfuric acid process, the citric acid of 20-80g/L, 5-30g/L's
The glycerine of aluminum sulfate and 5-20g/L.
Contain the concentrated sulfuric acid of 20-100g/L, the malic acid of 20-80g/L, 20-50g/L in solution used in the mixed acid process
Tartaric acid, the citric acid of 15-35g/L, the sulfonation anthracene of 15-45g/L and the aluminium ion of 5-15g/L.
The content of the concentrated sulfuric acid refers to the quality of the concentrated sulfuric acid contained in every 1L solution.
In the present invention, hard particles reinforced phase and self-lubricating coat in use act synergistically, and can increase considerably aluminium and aluminium alloy
Self-lubricating property of the component under no oil condition, improve the job stability of key member.
Inventor has found in the course of the research, using following methods: roughening treatment is carried out to matrix first, then in matrix
Surface prepares self-lubricating coat in use A, and carries out grinding process to self-lubricating coat in use A, then carry out pre-treatment to sample coupon, then uses
Electrochemical in-situ growth method prepares hard particles reinforced phase, and self-lubricating coat in use B is finally prepared in hard particles reinforced phase, described
Roughening treatment is roughened using chemistry or mechanical coarsening method, contains 80-200g/L's in coarsening solution used in the chemistry roughening treatment
Ammonium acid fluoride, the ammonium chloride of 10-90g/L, the copper chloride of 0.01-5g/L, the polyethylene glycol of 1-20g/L, the grape of 0.5-20g/L
Sodium saccharate, the boric acid of 1-20g/L and the glycerine of 1-20g/L, the mechanical coarsening method are sandblasting roughening, shot-peening roughening, ball blast
Roughening or 3D printing roughening；Coating obtained has self-lubricating and antiwear characteristic simultaneously, solves prior art floating coat from profit
Slip is insufficient, in use process the problems such as Yi Fenhua, poor adhesive force, effectively reduce self-lubricating wear-resistant coating coefficient of friction,
Improve its service life.
Further, the degree of the roughening treatment is to make 15-80 μm of Substrate Surface Roughness, and matrix surface appearance is equal
Even consistent, no shinny, floating etc. is roughened bad phenomenon.
Further, the temperature of the chemical roughening treatment is 30-80 DEG C, time 2-20min, and solution mixing speed is
200-1000 turns/min.
Further, thickness≤60 μm of the self-lubricating coat in use A.
Further, the self-lubricating coat in use A is organic coating, inorganic coating or composite functional coating.
Further, the pre-treatment specially carries out solvent oil removing, electrochemical deoiling or electrochemical degreasing first, then successively
It carries out alkalinity erosion to wash, nitric acid acidwashing and rinsing process.
Further, the self-lubricating coat in use B with a thickness of 10-60 μm.
The self-lubricating coat in use B can be identical as the coating of self-lubricating coat in use A, can also be different, but self-lubricating coat in use B is answered
There is good adhesive force with self-lubricating coat in use A and hard particles reinforced phase.
The preparation of self-lubricating coat in use B can use spray coating method, dip coating, spread coating or roll coating process, preparation method and Zi Run
The preparation method of sliding coating A is identical, and with hard particles reinforced phase be collectively formed appearance uniform it is consistent it is wear-resisting, self-lubricating is integrated
Change composite coating.
Further, it is -10~10 DEG C that electrochemical in-situ growth method, which prepares the temperature of hard particles reinforced phase, air stirring,
Current density is 1.0-5.0A/dm2, time 30min-120min.
Further, the preparation method of the aluminium and aluminium alloy wear-proof self-lubricating coat in use, specifically includes the following steps:
A. matrix is roughened
Roughening treatment is carried out to matrix using chemical method or Mechanical Method, makes 15-80 μm of Substrate Surface Roughness, and matrix
Surface appearance uniform is consistent, and no shinny, floating etc. is roughened bad phenomenon；80- in coarsening solution used in the chemistry roughening treatment
The ammonium acid fluoride of 200g/L, the ammonium chloride of 10-90g/L, the copper chloride of 0.01-5g/L, the polyethylene glycol of 1-20g/L, 0.5-
The sodium gluconate of 20g/L, the boric acid of 1-20g/L and the glycerine of 1-20g/L, the mechanical coarsening method are sandblasting roughening, spray
Ball roughening, ball blast roughening or 3D printing roughening；
B. the self-lubricating coat in use A of thickness≤60 μm is prepared
C. grinding process
Grinding process is carried out to self-lubricating coat in use A；
D. pre-treatment
Solvent oil removing, electrochemical deoiling or electrochemical degreasing are carried out to sample coupon first, alkalinity erosion is then successively carried out and washes, nitre
Pickling and rinsing process；
The sodium hydroxide containing 30-65g/L in solution used, the sodium gluconate of 1-10g/L, 2- are washed in the alkalinity erosion
The sodium metasilicate of 8g/L, the solution temperature that alkalinity erosion is washed are 40-60 DEG C, time 1-5min；
The mass fraction of nitric acid is 20%-50%, solution temperature 10-35 in nitric acid solution used in the nitric acid acidwashing
DEG C, time 3-15min；
E. hard particles reinforced phase is prepared；
In temperature be -10~10 DEG C, air stirring, current density 1.0-5.0A/dm2, time 30min-120min,
Under the conditions of hard particles reinforced phase prepared using electrochemical in-situ growth method；
F. the self-lubricating coat in use B with a thickness of 10-60 μm is prepared.
Inventor has found in the course of the research, comprising the following steps:
A. matrix is roughened
Roughening treatment is carried out to matrix using chemical method or Mechanical Method, makes 15-80 μm of Substrate Surface Roughness, and matrix
Surface appearance uniform is consistent, and no shinny, floating etc. is roughened bad phenomenon；80- in coarsening solution used in the chemistry roughening treatment
The ammonium acid fluoride of 200g/L, the ammonium chloride of 10-90g/L, the copper chloride of 0.01-5g/L, the polyethylene glycol of 1-20g/L, 0.5-
The sodium gluconate of 20g/L, the boric acid of 1-20g/L and the glycerine of 1-20g/L, the mechanical coarsening method are sandblasting roughening, spray
Ball roughening, ball blast roughening or 3D printing roughening；
B. the self-lubricating coat in use A of thickness≤60 μm is prepared
C. grinding process
Grinding process is carried out to self-lubricating coat in use A；
D. pre-treatment
Solvent oil removing, electrochemical deoiling or electrochemical degreasing are carried out to sample coupon first, alkalinity erosion is then successively carried out and washes, nitre
Pickling and rinsing process；
The sodium hydroxide containing 30-65g/L in solution used, the sodium gluconate of 1-10g/L, 2- are washed in the alkalinity erosion
The sodium metasilicate of 8g/L, the solution temperature that alkalinity erosion is washed are 40-60 DEG C, time 1-5min；
The mass fraction of nitric acid is 20%-50%, solution temperature 10-35 in nitric acid solution used in the nitric acid acidwashing
DEG C, time 3-15min；
E. hard particles reinforced phase is prepared；
In temperature be -10~10 DEG C, air stirring, current density 1.0-5.0A/dm2, time 30min-120min,
Under the conditions of hard particles reinforced phase prepared using electrochemical in-situ growth method；
F. the self-lubricating coat in use B with a thickness of 10-60 μm is prepared.
Coating obtained has self-lubricating and antiwear characteristic simultaneously, solves prior art floating coat self-lubrication deficiency,
In use process the problems such as Yi Fenhua, poor adhesive force, the coefficient of friction of self-lubricating wear-resistant coating is effectively reduced, it is improved and makes
Use the service life；The stress due to hard wear-resistant coating (such as hard anodizing horizon) is effectively prevented, causes basis material resistance to
The phenomenon that fatigue behaviour is decreased obviously appearance, so that the coating be enable to be applied in multiple fields；Coating obtained uses
It will not produce relative sliding in the process, avoid and secondary destruction is generated to coating, effectively increase the protection effect of coating
With the service life, corrosion resistance coating can be excellent, and in practical applications the problem of dusting easy there is no surface, adhesive force is good.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Appearance of coat made from method of the invention is in grey black, is uniformly distributed, feel lubrication；Average thickness is 36-45 μ
M, average wear amount (pressure 5N, abrasion wheel CS-17) is 9.8-11.2mg/1000r, coefficient of sliding friction 0.12-0.15.
Coating made from method of the invention has self-lubricating and antiwear characteristic simultaneously, solves prior art floating coat certainly
Lubricity is insufficient, in use process the problems such as Yi Fenhua, poor adhesive force, effectively reduces the friction system of self-lubricating wear-resistant coating
Number improves its service life.
Method of the invention effectively prevents making due to the stress of hard wear-resistant coating (such as hard anodizing horizon)
The phenomenon that being decreased obviously at basis material fatigue performance appearance, so that the coating be enable to be applied in multiple fields.
Present method avoids secondary destruction is generated to coating, protection effect and the longevity of coating are effectively increased
Life.
Method of the invention can be applied to the protective treatment under the conditions of various working to aluminum and aluminum alloy mateial or components,
Such as aluminium and aluminium-alloy high-speed, high frequency motion components, have oily, aluminium and aluminium alloy under the conditions of oil-free or high vacuum environment sliding,
Rotatable parts, photoelectric instrument aluminium and the protective treatment of aluminium alloy key components and parts etc..
Corrosion resistance coating made from method of the invention can be excellent, in practical applications asking there is no the easy dusting in surface
Topic, use process floating coat surface dusting degree are 0 grade.
Coating adhesion made from method of the invention is good, adhesive force 13-15MPa.
Specific embodiment
Illustrated embodiment is to preferably be illustrated to the contents of the present invention, but is not that the contents of the present invention only limit
In illustrated embodiment.So those skilled in the art carry out nonessential change to embodiment according to foregoing invention content
Into and adjustment, still fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The preparation of aluminium and aluminium alloy wear-proof self-lubricating coat in use, test specimen substrate selection 7A04-T6 aluminium alloy, specification φ 90mm ×
5mm, surface is machined to roughness Ra≤1.6, spare.
1. test specimen is placed in acetone and impregnates 2min, absorbent cotton wiped clean is then used；Then the alkalinity at 60-75 DEG C is de-
The ungrease treatment of rouge liquid progress 5-10min；Tap water rinse 30s-60s is used again.
2. chemical roughening treatment: carrying out chemical roughening treatment according to coarsening solution described in table 1 and process conditions；Time 15min,
Then tap water rinse 30s-60s is used, until matrix surface appearance uniform is consistent, no shinny, floating etc. is roughened bad phenomenon.
The composition and process conditions of the chemical coarsening solution of table 1
3. preparing self-lubricating coat in use A: preparing self-lubricating coat in use in substrate surface using air spray finishing, wherein coating is adopted
With CP02 self-lubricating coating, the solid component mass content of coating is 30%.Base material temperature is maintained at 40 DEG C -50 DEG C when spraying,
Spray gun test coupon 20-30cm controls self-lubricating coat in use thickness of dry film at 15-25 μm, by sample after repeated multiple times spraying
It is put into 220 ± 5 DEG C of baking oven, curing process 30min, heat-eliminating medium room temperature, takes out exemplar.
4. the grinding process of surface of test piece self-lubricating coat in use: carrying out grinding process to specimen surface with 800# sand paper, pass through
Grinding process polishes the wave crest of surface of test piece, and exposed portion parent metal makes the self-lubricating coat in use of trough form netted knot
Structure, control bare metal area account for test specimen gross area 30%-40%.
5. the preparation of hard particles reinforced phase: the sample after grinding process being placed in acetone and impregnates 2min, then with de-
Rouge cotton wiped clean；Then 60s, the main ingredient of alkaline solution are as follows: sodium hydroxide are impregnated in 50 ± 3 DEG C of alkaline solution
50g/L, sodium gluconate 2g/L, silicic acid sodium content are 5g/L；Tap water rinse 30s；It is 30% in the mass fraction of room temperature
5min is impregnated in nitric acid solution；Tap water rinse 30s；Hard particles increasing is carried out according to solution formula shown in table 2 and process conditions
Then the preparation of strong phase, time 70min use tap water rinse 60s.
2 electrochemical process of table prepares solution composition used in hard particles reinforced phase and process conditions
Remarks, the content of the concentrated sulfuric acid refers to for 180g/L contains the 180g concentrated sulfuric acid in every 1L solution.
6. preparing self-lubricating coat in use B: the specimen surface moisture for having prepared hard particles reinforced phase being dried up, it is dry to be put into baking oven
Dry 30min；Self-lubricating coat in use is prepared in specimen surface using air spray finishing, wherein coating uses CP02 self-lubricating coating, applies
The amount of solid content of material is 30%.Base material temperature is maintained at 40 DEG C -50 DEG C when spraying, spray gun Distance Time 20-30cm, by anti-
After multiple multiple spraying, self-lubricating coat in use thickness of dry film is controlled at 25-35 μm, formation flat appearance, smooth integration are wear-resisting certainly
Lubricant coating；Sample is put into 220 ± 5 DEG C of baking oven, curing process 30min is cooled to room temperature, and takes out exemplar to get aluminium
Alloy wear-resisting self-lubricating coat in use.
Embodiment 2
The preparation of aluminium and aluminium alloy wear-proof self-lubricating coat in use, test specimen substrate selection 6063-T6 aluminium alloy, specification φ 90mm ×
5mm, surface is machined to roughness Ra≤1.6, spare.
1. test specimen is placed in acetone and impregnates 2min, absorbent cotton wiped clean is then used；Then the alkalinity at 60-75 DEG C is de-
The ungrease treatment of rouge liquid progress 5-10min；Tap water rinse 30s-60s is used again.
2. chemical roughening treatment: carrying out chemical roughening treatment according to coarsening solution described in table 3 and process conditions；Time 15min,
Then tap water rinse 30s-60s is used, until matrix surface appearance uniform is consistent, no shinny, floating etc. is roughened bad phenomenon.
The composition and process conditions of the chemical coarsening solution of table 3
3. preparing self-lubricating coat in use A: preparing self-lubricating coat in use in substrate surface using air spray finishing, wherein coating is adopted
With CP02 self-lubricating coating, the solid component mass content of coating is 30%.Base material temperature is maintained at 40 DEG C -50 DEG C when spraying,
Spray gun test coupon 20-30cm controls self-lubricating coat in use thickness of dry film at 15-25 μm, by sample after repeated multiple times spraying
It is put into 220 ± 5 DEG C of baking oven, curing process 30min, heat-eliminating medium room temperature, takes out exemplar.
4. the grinding process of surface of test piece self-lubricating coat in use: carrying out grinding process to specimen surface with 800# sand paper, pass through
Grinding process polishes the wave crest of surface of test piece, and exposed portion parent metal makes the self-lubricating coat in use of trough form netted knot
Structure, control bare metal area account for test specimen gross area 30%-40%.
5. the preparation of hard particles reinforced phase: the sample after grinding process being placed in acetone and impregnates 2min, then with de-
Rouge cotton wiped clean；Then 60s, the main ingredient of alkaline solution are as follows: sodium hydroxide are impregnated in 50 ± 3 DEG C of alkaline solution
50g/L, sodium gluconate 2g/L, silicic acid sodium content are 5g/L；Tap water rinse 30s；It is 30% in the mass fraction of room temperature
5min is impregnated in nitric acid solution；Tap water rinse 30s；Hard particles increasing is carried out according to solution formula shown in table 4 and process conditions
Then the preparation of strong phase, time 90min use tap water rinse 60s.
4 electrochemical process of table prepares solution composition used in hard particles reinforced phase and process conditions
6. 6. being carried out according to the step of embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
The preparation of aluminium and aluminium alloy wear-proof self-lubricating coat in use, test specimen substrate selection 7A04-T6 aluminium alloy, specification φ 90mm ×
5mm, surface is machined to roughness Ra≤1.6, spare.
1. test specimen is placed in acetone and impregnates 2min, absorbent cotton wiped clean is then used；Then the alkalinity at 60-75 DEG C is de-
The ungrease treatment of rouge liquid progress 5-10min；Tap water rinse 30s-60s is used again.
2. mechanical coarsening processing: the abrasive material of selection is+50% glass sand of 50% diamond dust of 100 mesh, is sprayed to sample
Sand processing after sandblasting to specimen surface uniformity, carries out specimen surface using organic solvents such as acetone or ethyl acetate clear
Reason, drying.
3. preparing self-lubricating coat in use A: preparing self-lubricating coat in use in substrate surface using air spray finishing, wherein coating is adopted
With CP02 self-lubricating coating, the solid component mass content of coating is 30%.Base material temperature is maintained at 40 DEG C -50 DEG C when spraying,
Spray gun test coupon 20-30cm controls self-lubricating coat in use thickness of dry film at 15-25 μm, by sample after repeated multiple times spraying
It is put into 220 ± 5 DEG C of baking oven, curing process 30min, heat-eliminating medium room temperature, takes out exemplar.
4. the grinding process of surface of test piece self-lubricating coat in use: carrying out grinding process to specimen surface with 800# sand paper, pass through
Grinding process polishes the wave crest of surface of test piece, and exposed portion parent metal makes the self-lubricating coat in use of trough form netted knot
Structure, control bare metal area account for test specimen gross area 30%-40%.
5. the preparation of hard particles reinforced phase: the sample after grinding process being placed in acetone and impregnates 2min, then with de-
Rouge cotton wiped clean；Then 60s, the main ingredient of alkaline solution are as follows: sodium hydroxide are impregnated in 50 ± 3 DEG C of alkaline solution
50g/L, sodium gluconate 2g/L, silicic acid sodium content are 5g/L；Tap water rinse 30s；It is 30% in the mass fraction of room temperature
5min is impregnated in nitric acid solution；Tap water rinse 30s；Hard particles increasing is carried out according to solution formula shown in table 5 and process conditions
Then the preparation of strong phase, time 90min use tap water rinse 60s.
5 electrochemical process of table prepares solution composition used in hard particles reinforced phase and process conditions
6. 6. being carried out according to the step of embodiment 1.
Performance test
Detect appearance, feel, average thickness, the average wear amount, sliding of wear resistant self-lubricating coating made from embodiment 1-3
Coefficient of friction, corrosion resisting property and adhesive force, meanwhile, during average wear measures examination, coating morphology is detected, as a result such as table
Shown in 6；
Wherein, the detection method of appearance is visually observation；
The detection method of feel is to be touched with hand；
Average thickness is detected according to " GB/T13452.2-2008 paint and varnish film thickness "；
Average wear amount is examined according to " the measurement rotation rubber wheel method of GB/T1768-2006 paint and varnish wearability "
It surveys；
The coefficient of sliding friction is according to " linearly standard test method is worn in reciprocating ball-planar slide to ASTM G133-2005 "
It is detected；
Corrosion resisting property carries out 5% according to " measuring method of the resistance to neutral salt spray performance of GB/T1771-2007 paint and varnish "
After neutral salt spray test 120h, according to " evaluation method of GB/T1766-2008 paint and varnish coating aging " opinion rating；
Adhesive force is detected according to " GB/T5210-2006 paint and varnish pulls open method adhesion test "；
The detection method of surface topography are as follows: coating morphology is observed using 3 D video microscope, and according to
" ranking method of GB/T1766 paint and varnish coating aging " is destroyed situation to coating surface and is detected.
6 the performance test results of table
As shown in Table 6, aluminium made from method of the invention and aluminium alloy wear-proof self-lubricating coat in use appearance are in grey black, uniformly
Distribution, feel lubrication；Average thickness is 36-45 μm, and average wear amount (pressure 5N, abrasion wheel CS-17) is 9.8-11.2mg/
1000r, coefficient of sliding friction 0.12-0.15, powder phenomenon-tion, coating do not occur for coating surface during average wear measures examination
Dusting degree in surface is 0 grade, and corrosion resisting property is 0 grade, adhesive force 13-15MPa.Thus it proves, made from method of the invention
Coating abrasion performance is good, and self-lubricating property is good, and surface is not susceptible to dusting, excellent corrosion-proof performance in practical applications.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should
It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art
The other embodiments being understood that.
Claims (9)
1. the preparation method of aluminium and aluminium alloy wear-proof self-lubricating coat in use, which is characterized in that carry out roughening treatment to matrix first, so
Self-lubricating coat in use A is prepared in matrix surface afterwards, and grinding process is carried out to self-lubricating coat in use A, then pre-treatment is carried out to sample coupon,
Then hard particles reinforced phase is prepared using electrochemical in-situ growth method, finally prepares self-lubricating in hard particles reinforced phase and applies
Layer B, the roughening treatment is roughened using chemistry or mechanical coarsening method, contains 80- in coarsening solution used in the chemistry roughening treatment
The ammonium acid fluoride of 200g/L, the ammonium chloride of 10-90g/L, the copper chloride of 0.01-5g/L, the polyethylene glycol of 1-20g/L, 0.5-
The sodium gluconate of 20g/L, the boric acid of 1-20g/L and the glycerine of 1-20g/L, the mechanical coarsening method are sandblasting roughening, spray
Ball roughening, ball blast roughening or 3D printing roughening.
2. the preparation method of aluminium and aluminium alloy wear-proof self-lubricating coat in use according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the roughening
The degree of processing is to make 15-80 μm of Substrate Surface Roughness.
3. the preparation method of aluminium according to claim 1 or claim 2 and aluminium alloy wear-proof self-lubricating coat in use, it is characterised in that: described
The temperature of chemical roughening treatment is 30-80 DEG C, time 2-20min, and solution mixing speed is that 200-1000 turns/min.
4. the according to claim 1, preparation method of 2 or 3 aluminium and aluminium alloy wear-proof self-lubricating coat in use, it is characterised in that: institute
State thickness≤60 μm of self-lubricating coat in use A.
5. the according to claim 1, preparation method of the aluminium of 2,3 or 4 and aluminium alloy wear-proof self-lubricating coat in use, it is characterised in that:
The self-lubricating coat in use A is organic coating, inorganic coating or composite functional coating.
6. according to claim 1, the preparation method of aluminium described in 2,3,4 or 5 and aluminium alloy wear-proof self-lubricating coat in use, feature exist
In: the pre-treatment specially carries out solvent oil removing, electrochemical deoiling or electrochemical degreasing first, then successively carries out alkaline erosion
It washes, nitric acid acidwashing and rinsing process.
7. according to claim 1, the preparation method of the aluminium of 2,3,4,5 or 6 and aluminium alloy wear-proof self-lubricating coat in use, feature exist
In: the self-lubricating coat in use B with a thickness of 10-60 μm.
8. the according to claim 1, preparation method of the aluminium of 2,3,4,5,6 or 7 and aluminium alloy wear-proof self-lubricating coat in use, feature
Be: the temperature that electrochemical in-situ growth method prepares hard particles reinforced phase is -10 ~ 10 DEG C, air stirring, and current density is
1.0-5.0 A/dm2, time 30min-120min.
9. the according to claim 1, preparation method of the aluminium of 2,3,4,5,6,7 or 8 and aluminium alloy wear-proof self-lubricating coat in use, special
Sign is: specifically includes the following steps:
A. matrix is roughened
Roughening treatment is carried out to matrix using chemical method or Mechanical Method, makes 15-80 μm of Substrate Surface Roughness；The chemistry is thick
Change the ammonium acid fluoride for handling 80-200g/L in coarsening solution used, the ammonium chloride of 10-90g/L, the copper chloride of 0.01-5g/L, 1-
The polyethylene glycol of 20g/L, the sodium gluconate of 0.5-20g/L, the boric acid of 1-20g/L and the glycerine of 1-20g/L, the machine
Tool roughening method is sandblasting roughening, shot-peening roughening, ball blast roughening or 3D printing roughening；
B. the self-lubricating coat in use A of thickness≤60 μm is prepared
C. grinding process
Grinding process is carried out to self-lubricating coat in use A；
D. pre-treatment
Solvent oil removing, electrochemical deoiling or electrochemical degreasing are carried out to sample coupon first, alkalinity erosion is then successively carried out and washes, nitric acid acid
It washes and rinsing process；
The alkalinity, which is lost, washes the sodium hydroxide containing 30-65g/L in solution used, the sodium gluconate of 1-10g/L, 2-8g/L's
Sodium metasilicate, the solution temperature that alkalinity erosion is washed are 40-60 DEG C, time 1-5min；
The mass fraction of nitric acid solution used in the nitric acid acidwashing is 20%-50%, and solution temperature is 10-35 DEG C, time 3-
15min；
E. hard particles reinforced phase is prepared；
It is -10 ~ 10 DEG C in temperature, air stirring, current density is 1.0-5.0 A/dm2, time 30min-120min, condition
It is lower that hard particles reinforced phase is prepared using electrochemical in-situ growth method；
F. the self-lubricating coat in use B with a thickness of 10-60 μm is prepared.
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