CN109402358B - Rolling method of high silicon steel thin strip - Google Patents

Rolling method of high silicon steel thin strip Download PDF

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CN109402358B
CN109402358B CN201811279784.0A CN201811279784A CN109402358B CN 109402358 B CN109402358 B CN 109402358B CN 201811279784 A CN201811279784 A CN 201811279784A CN 109402358 B CN109402358 B CN 109402358B
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rolling
strip
silicon steel
thickness
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CN109402358A (en
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曾春
吴章汉
黄景文
骆忠汉
张凤泉
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Wuhan Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
    • C21D8/1222—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
    • C21D8/1227—Warm rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
    • C21D8/1233—Cold rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Steel Electrode Plates (AREA)
  • Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a rolling method of a high-silicon steel thin strip, which comprises the following steps: 1) hot rolling: the high-silicon steel cast strip with the thickness of 2-4 mm prepared by a double-roller thin strip casting rolling process is used as a raw material, the high-silicon steel cast strip is heated to 900-1100 ℃ under a protective atmosphere, the high-silicon steel cast strip is hot-rolled to the thickness of 1-1.2 mm for at least one time, and the total hot-rolling reduction rate is 50-60%; 2) warm rolling: heating the high-silicon steel hot rolled strip obtained in the last step to 320-500 ℃, and performing warm rolling for at least one time until the thickness is 0.4-0.5 mm and the total reduction rate of the warm rolling is 50-70%; 3) acid washing: removing oxides on the surface of the high-silicon steel warm rolling strip to clean the surface; 4) cold rolling at room temperature: and (3) carrying out small reduction and multi-pass cold rolling on the acid-washed high-silicon steel warm rolling strip at room temperature, wherein the reduction rate of each pass is not more than 25% until the required thickness of the high-silicon steel finished product is obtained by rolling. The method can obtain the high-silicon steel thin strip with good surface quality and plate shape, and the magnetic property after annealing is excellent.

Description

Rolling method of high silicon steel thin strip
Technical Field
The invention relates to a silicon steel rolling method, in particular to a rolling method of a high silicon steel thin strip.
Background
The silicon content in the silicon steel sheet has a significant influence on the characteristics (magnetic induction and iron loss) of the product thereof. However, in the case of the Fe — Si alloy, particularly when the Si content exceeds 4.5%, the brittleness of the silicon steel sheet is also increased, the elongation is almost zero, and the workability is rapidly deteriorated. This causes difficulties in further processing of the material, which limits the development of high silicon steel with a silicon content of more than 4.5%.
The current processes for preparing high silicon steel are roughly divided into the traditional rolling method, the ultra-cold strip making method, the injection molding method, the chemical vapor deposition diffusion method and the twin-roll thin strip casting and rolling technology.
The basic process of the traditional rolling method is smelting-hot rolling-cold rolling, and the problem of poor mechanical processing and hot processing performance of high-silicon steel is not solved all the time, so that the cold rolling process has almost no breakthrough progress for a long period of time.
Although the quenching strip-making method avoids the difficulties of smelting, hot rolling and cold rolling of high-silicon steel, the product has poor plate shape, the influence of process factors such as the material, the rotating speed, the molten steel temperature, the width of a nozzle slit, the distance between a nozzle and a cooling roller and the like is complex, the application range of process parameters is very narrow, the strip is easy to break during production, the thickness and the width are limited, the control is difficult, the shape is not satisfactory, the yield is low, and therefore, the industrial production is not formed.
The spray forming method is to deposit liquid metal droplets atomized by gas onto a receiver with a certain shape to directly prepare a product with a certain shape, but the high-silicon steel prepared by the method has low density, the width and the thickness of the high-silicon steel are limited, and particularly, a plate with thin thickness is difficult to prepare.
The chemical vapor deposition diffusion process (CVD) is based on the principle that Si is enriched on the conventional oriented and non-oriented silicon steel sheet by the high-temperature chemical reaction between the surface of the silicon steel sheet and the silicide, so that both high-silicon steel and gradient steel can be prepared, and anisotropic and isotropic materials with controllable grain size can be obtained.
In the processes, the high-silicon steel prepared by the traditional rolling method, the extreme cold strip-making method and the injection molding method adopts the processes of rolling, annealing, rolling, annealing and the like which are repeated for many times, so that the processing period is long, the yield is low, the energy consumption is high, and the magnetic performance cannot reach the optimal range; the chemical vapor deposition diffusion method also has the defects of equipment corrosion, environmental pollution and the like.
In order to overcome the defects of the process, a twin-roll strip casting and rolling technology has been developed since the 80 th 20 th century, wherein molten steel is cast into a crystallizer consisting of two crystallizing rolls with opposite rotation directions and side-sealing baffles, and a hot strip coil with the thickness of 1-4 mm is directly produced through cooling and coiling. The technology can completely omit the slab heating and hot rolling processes, thereby saving a large amount of energy and greatly improving the production efficiency. The rapid solidification of the twin-roll casting and rolling method can improve the limit content of silicon in the steel strip to 4-6.5%, and the technological performance of the steel is not influenced, so that the iron loss value of the steel can be obviously reduced. In order to further reduce the thickness of the high silicon steel cast strip, the high silicon steel cast strip is further rolled subsequently to obtain a high silicon steel thin strip product with the thickness of less than 0.3 mm. However, the conventional rolling method is faced with the same dilemma of the conventional rolling method in further rolling the cast strip obtained by the twin-roll casting method, and due to the high brittleness of the material, severe edge cracking and brittle failure are easily caused in the rolling process, the magnetic performance is poor, and the yield of the high-silicon steel thin strip product is seriously affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rolling method of a high-silicon steel thin strip with good product surface quality and plate shape.
In order to achieve the above object, the rolling method of the high silicon steel thin strip provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
1) hot rolling: the high-silicon steel cast strip with the thickness of 2-4 mm prepared by a double-roller thin strip casting rolling process is used as a raw material, the high-silicon steel cast strip is heated to 900-1100 ℃ under a protective atmosphere, the high-silicon steel cast strip is hot-rolled to the thickness of 1-1.2 mm for at least one time, and the total hot-rolling reduction rate is 50-60%;
2) warm rolling: heating the high-silicon steel hot rolled strip obtained in the last step to 320-500 ℃ (the hot rolled strip is cooled and needs to be reheated), warm rolling at least one time to the thickness of 0.4-0.5 mm, wherein the total rolling reduction rate of the warm rolling is 50% -70%, and certain room temperature toughness can be obtained after the high-silicon steel is warm rolled;
3) acid washing: removing oxides on the surface of the high-silicon steel warm rolling strip to clean the surface;
4) cold rolling at room temperature: and (3) carrying out small reduction and multi-pass cold rolling on the acid-washed high-silicon steel warm rolling strip at room temperature, wherein the reduction rate of each pass is not more than 25% until the required thickness of the high-silicon steel finished product is obtained by rolling.
Preferably, in the step 1), the high-silicon steel cast strip comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 4.5 to 6.7 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.006 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.003 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of S and the balance of Fe. Wherein, the mass content of Si is more preferably 6.3-6.7%.
Preferably, in the step 1), if the hot rolling is performed in multiple passes, when the outlet temperature of the rolling mill of the strip after the last pass of rolling is less than 900 ℃, the outlet temperature is less than the set temperature T1，T1And (2) reheating the strip to T under the protective atmosphere at 900-1100 DEG C1Rolling is continued after 1100 ℃ until the required thickness is reached.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,in the step 2), if warm rolling is carried out for multiple passes, when the outlet temperature of the rolling mill of the strip after the last pass of rolling is less than the set temperature T2，T2Reheating the strip to T at 320-500 ℃ under the protective atmosphere2Rolling is continued after 500 ℃ until the required thickness is reached.
Preferably, in the step 4), the thickness of the high-silicon steel finished product is 0.2-0.3 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the invention selects pure Fe-Si steel without other alloy components, saves alloy cost and reduces smelting difficulty.
2) The raw materials are prepared by adopting a double-roller thin strip casting and rolling process, pure Fe-Si molten steel is directly poured onto a crystallization roller of a thin strip casting machine, and a casting strip with the thickness of 2-4 mm is prepared through rapid solidification. Compared with the traditional rolling process, the production procedures are reduced, the cost is reduced, and the yield is greatly improved;
3) the proper rolling temperature and total rolling reduction greatly influence the shape of the high-silicon steel finished thin strip and the magnetic performance after annealing, and by strictly controlling the rolling temperature and the reduction rate of hot rolling, warm rolling and room-temperature cold rolling, the invention greatly reduces the phenomena of edge cracking, brittle fracture and the like, improves the yield of the high-silicon steel thin strip product, and simultaneously ensures that the magnetic performance after annealing meets the product requirements.
4) The method is suitable for high-silicon steel with the Si mass content of 4.5-6.7%, and is particularly suitable for high-silicon steel with the Si mass content of 6.3-6.7% and difficult to roll by adopting a conventional method.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a photograph of a high silicon steel thin strip produced in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a photograph of a high silicon steel thin strip manufactured in a comparative example.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to comparative examples and specific examples.
Example 1
The rolling method of the high silicon steel thin strip provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
1) smelting: smelting in a 50kg vacuum furnace, wherein the tapping temperature is as follows: 1530-1590 ℃. The molten steel composition is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 composition (wt%) of molten steel of each example
Composition (I) Si C Mn N P S The rest(s)
Example 1 6.3 0.0045 0.037 0.0024 0.01 0.0049 Fe
Example 2 6.5 0.0048 0.036 0.0029 0.009 0.0047 Fe
Example 3 6.45 0.0055 0.040 0.0026 0.01 0.0045 Fe
2) Strip continuous casting: continuously casting the thin strip under the protection of argon, wherein the casting temperature of molten steel is as follows: 1500-1550 ℃; thickness x width of the cast strip: 2.0X 180 mm.
3) High silicon steel casting belt in protective atmosphere N2The mixture was heated to 1000 ℃.
4) Hot rolling: the hot rolling inlet temperature of the cast strip is 950 ℃, the thickness is 2.0 → 1.5mm (before and after "→" are the thickness before and after rolling respectively, each "→" represents one-pass rolling and the same below), and the outlet temperature is 800 ℃ (because the rollers are in a cold state, the natural cooling exists when the strip is rolled).
5) And then heated to 1000 ℃ under a protective atmosphere.
6) And rolling again, wherein the inlet temperature is 1050-1080 ℃, the thickness is 1.5 → 1.0mm, and the outlet temperature is 890 ℃.
7) Warm rolling: the high silicon steel hot rolled strip is heated to 400 ℃, the inlet temperature of the warm rolling is 360-350 ℃, the thickness is 1.0 → 0.85mm, and the outlet temperature is 250 ℃ (the roller naturally cools when rolling the thin strip in a cold state).
8) The strip was reheated to 400 ℃.
9) And (3) rolling again: the inlet temperature is 360-350 ℃, the thickness is 0.85 → 0.70mm, and the outlet temperature is 250 ℃.
10) The strip was reheated to 400 ℃.
11) And (3) rolling again: the inlet temperature is 360-350 ℃, the thickness is 0.70 → 0.60mm, and the outlet temperature is 250 ℃.
12) The strip was reheated to 400 ℃.
13) And (3) rolling again: the inlet temperature is 360-350 ℃, and the thickness is 0.60 → 0.50 mm.
14) And (6) acid washing.
15) Cold rolling at room temperature: and (3) adopting small reduction and multi-pass cold rolling, wherein the reduction rate of each pass is not more than 25% until the required thickness of a finished product is obtained. The reduction protocol: 0.50 → 0.46 → 0.42 → 0.38 → 0.35 → 0.32 → 0.30 mm.
Example 2
The rolling method of the high silicon steel thin strip provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
1) smelting: smelting in a 50kg vacuum furnace, wherein the tapping temperature is as follows: 1530-1590 ℃. The molten steel composition is detailed in Table 1.
2) Strip continuous casting: continuously casting the thin strip under the protection of argon, wherein the casting temperature of molten steel is as follows: 1500-1550 ℃; thickness x width of the cast strip: 2.5X 180 mm.
3) High silicon steel casting belt in protective atmosphere N2The mixture was heated to 1000 ℃.
4) Hot rolling: the hot rolling inlet temperature of the cast strip is 1000 ℃, the thickness is 2.5 → 1.8mm, and the outlet temperature is 800 ℃.
5) And then heated to 1000 ℃ under a protective atmosphere.
6) And then rolling is carried out, wherein the inlet temperature is 1050-1080 ℃, the thickness is 1.8 → 1.2mm, and the outlet temperature is 890 DEG C
7) Warm rolling: heating the high-silicon steel hot rolled strip to 320 ℃, wherein the warm rolling inlet temperature is 260-250 ℃, the thickness is 1.2 → 1.05mm, and the outlet temperature is 200 ℃.
8) The strip was reheated to 320 ℃.
9) And (3) rolling again: the inlet temperature is 260-250 ℃, the thickness is 1.05 → 0.95mm, and the outlet temperature is 200 ℃.
10) And (3) reheating the strip steel to 320 ℃ and rolling again, and repeating the steps until the thickness of the strip steel is 0.45 mm.
11) And (6) acid washing.
12) Cold rolling at room temperature: and (3) adopting small reduction and multi-pass cold rolling, wherein the reduction rate of each pass is not more than 25% until the required thickness of a finished product is obtained. The reduction protocol: 0.45 → 0.40 → 0.37 → 0.35 → 0.32 → 0.30 mm.
Example 3
The rolling method of the high silicon steel thin strip provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
1) smelting: smelting in a 50kg vacuum furnace, wherein the tapping temperature is as follows: 1530-1590 ℃. The molten steel composition is detailed in Table 1.
2) Strip continuous casting: continuously casting the thin strip under the protection of argon, wherein the casting temperature of molten steel is as follows: 1500-1550 ℃; thickness x width of the cast strip: 2.2X 180 mm.
3) High silicon steel casting belt in protective atmosphere N2The mixture was heated to 1000 ℃.
4) Hot rolling: the hot rolling inlet temperature of the cast strip is 1000 ℃, the thickness is 2.2 → 1.5mm, and the outlet temperature is 800 ℃.
5) And then heated to 1000 ℃ under a protective atmosphere.
6) Rolling again at an inlet temperature of 1050-1080 ℃, a thickness of 1.5 → 1.0mm and an outlet temperature of 890 DEG C
7) Warm rolling: heating the high-silicon steel hot rolled strip to 500 ℃, wherein the inlet temperature of the hot rolling is 450-400 ℃, the thickness is 1.0 → 0.85mm, and the outlet temperature is about 350 ℃.
8) The strip is then reheated to 500 ℃.
9) And (3) rolling again: the inlet temperature is 450-400 ℃, the thickness is 0.85 → 0.70mm, and the outlet temperature is 350 ℃.
10) The strip steel is heated to 500 ℃ again and then rolled, and the process is repeated until the thickness is 0.40 mm.
11) And (6) acid washing.
12) Cold rolling at room temperature: and (3) adopting small reduction and multi-pass cold rolling, wherein the reduction rate of each pass is not more than 25% until the required thickness of a finished product is obtained. The reduction protocol: 0.40 → 0.37 → 0.35 → 0.32 → 0.30 → 0.28 → 0.26 → 0.23 → 0.21 → 0.20 mm.
Comparative example
The method for preparing the high-silicon steel thin strip by adopting the traditional steelmaking and rolling process comprises the following steps:
1) smelting molten steel, wherein the molten steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 6.3 to 6.7 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.006 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.003 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of S and the balance of Fe.
2) And heating the steel ingot to about 1000 ℃ for cogging rolling, wherein the final rolling thickness is 20 mm.
3) The high silicon steel plate after cogging is sawed into sample materials of 20 multiplied by 160 multiplied by 220mm (H multiplied by W multiplied by L), and is heated to 1000 ℃ in nitrogen atmosphere for hot rolling, the final rolling thickness is 2.6mm, and the total rolling reduction of hot rolling is 87%.
4) The hot rolled steel sheet was sawed into 2.6X 80X 320mm (H X W X L) samples, and acid-washed at a temperature of: acid pickling time is 50-70 degrees centigrade: 15-25 min.
5) Placing the hot-rolled plate after acid pickling into an oil bath furnace for heating, wherein the heating temperature is as follows: and taking out the sample from the furnace at 180-250 ℃, warm rolling the sample, returning the sample to the bath furnace for heating for 10 minutes after one pass, and cracking the sample after about 3 passes so as to be difficult to continue rolling.
Effect verification
Fig. 1 shows a high silicon steel strip produced by the strip casting and rolling process (example 1) of the present invention, and fig. 2 shows a high silicon steel strip produced by the conventional steel-making and rolling process (comparative example). As can be seen from the figure, the edge crack and the plate shape of the sample in FIG. 1 are ideal, and the sample in FIG. 2 has obvious cracks in the process implementation process, and the preparation of a finished product is not realized.
The magnetic properties of the annealed high silicon steel thin strip products obtained in examples 1 to 3 were tested (the magnetic properties of the comparative example were not shown because the high silicon steel product was not produced in the comparative example), the test apparatus was an MPG 100D silicon steel sheet ac/dc test system of Brockhaus, germany, and the results are listed in table 2 below:
table 2 test results of each example and comparative example
Item B8/50(T) W10/400(W/kg)
Example 1 1.374 10.34
Example 2 1.379 10.592
Example 3 1.352 9.115
As can be seen from Table 2, the high-silicon steel strip prepared by the invention has good comprehensive magnetic performance and can meet the requirements of users.
In conclusion, the method can obtain the high-silicon steel thin strip with good surface quality and plate shape, and the magnetic property after annealing is excellent.

Claims (3)

1. A rolling method of a high silicon steel thin strip is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
1) hot rolling: heating a high-silicon steel cast strip with the thickness of 2-4 mm prepared by a double-roller thin strip casting rolling process to 900-1100 ℃ in a protective atmosphere, performing multi-pass hot rolling to the thickness of 1-1.2 mm, wherein the total hot rolling reduction rate is 50% -60%, and in the hot rolling process, when the outlet temperature of a rolling mill of the strip rolled in the previous pass is less than a set temperature T1 and T1 is 900-1100 ℃, reheating the strip to T1-1100 ℃ in the protective atmosphere and then continuously rolling until the strip is rolled to the required thickness;
2) warm rolling: heating the high-silicon steel hot rolled strip obtained in the last step to 320-500 ℃, performing multi-pass warm rolling to the thickness of 0.4-0.5 mm, wherein the total rolling reduction rate of the warm rolling is 50-70%, and in the warm rolling process, when the outlet temperature of the rolling mill of the strip rolled in the last pass is lower than the set temperature T2 and the temperature T2 is 320-500 ℃, reheating the strip to T2-500 ℃ in a protective atmosphere, and then continuing rolling until the strip is rolled to the required thickness;
3) acid washing: removing oxides on the surface of the high-silicon steel warm rolling strip to clean the surface;
4) cold rolling at room temperature: and (3) carrying out small reduction and multi-pass cold rolling on the acid-washed high-silicon steel warm rolling strip at room temperature, wherein the reduction rate of each pass is not more than 25% until the required thickness of the high-silicon steel finished product is 0.2-0.3 mm.
2. The rolling method of the thin high silicon steel strip according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 1), the high-silicon steel cast strip comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 4.5 to 6.7 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.006 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.003 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.02 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of S and the balance of Fe.
3. The rolling method of the thin high silicon steel strip according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the high-silicon steel casting strip, the mass content of Si is 6.3-6.7%.
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