CN109401634B - Flame-retardant smoke-inhibiting ceramizable room temperature vulcanized organosilicon sealant and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Flame-retardant smoke-inhibiting ceramizable room temperature vulcanized organosilicon sealant and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J1/00—Adhesives based on inorganic constituents
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flame-retardant smoke-suppressing ceramizable room-temperature vulcanized organosilicon sealant and a preparation method thereof; the organosilicon sealant consists of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 40-70% of silicone rubber, 5-30% of reinforcing agent, 10-40% of vitrified filler, 3-10% of fluxing agent, 1-5% of flame-retardant smoke inhibitor, 1-10% of coupling agent, 1-5% of catalyst and 1-10% of crosslinking agent; during preparation, firstly, stirring the fluxing agent and the vitrified filler at the temperature of 500-900 ℃ until the surface layer of the fluxing agent is molten, and adhering part of the vitrified filler; then dehydrating the mixture of the silicon rubber substrate, the reinforcing agent, the ceramic precursor and the flame-retardant smoke suppressant to obtain a base material; mixing the base material with the cross-linking agent, the catalyst and the coupling agent and stirring. When the ablation temperature exceeds 800 ℃, the ceramic body and the glass curtain wall generate a reaction product containing silicon-boron-aluminum bonds at a bonding interface, and the glass curtain wall is effectively prevented from peeling off at high temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fire prevention and flame retardance of organosilicon sealants, in particular to a flame-retardant and smoke-suppressing ceramization room-temperature vulcanization organosilicon sealant and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of the building industry in China, the number of high-rise buildings is continuously increased, and the requirement on the fire-proof grade of the buildings is also continuously improved. As a silicone sealant for bonding glass curtain walls or aluminum alloy profiles, the silicone sealant also puts higher requirements on flame retardance. Currently, for the existing commercial flame-retardant silicone sealant, inorganic flame retardants such as aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and zinc borate are generally adopted to achieve the flame-retardant effect, and the method can cause the mechanical property of the sealant to be reduced and can also reduce the bonding strength of the sealant to a glass curtain wall or an aluminum alloy. In addition, the flame-retardant sealant can be powdered at last under the continuous combustion action of flame, and loses elasticity and strength, so that the adhesion failure of the curtain wall is caused, and even the curtain wall is peeled off from high altitude in a large area, so that the secondary damage of ground rescue workers is easily caused.
The ceramic silicon rubber is a novel fireproof flame-retardant material, has the elasticity and the electrical insulation property of common silicon rubber at normal temperature, and can be converted into a hard ceramic body under the condition of open fire or high temperature.
Besides domestic reports of ceramifiable solid heat-vulcanized silicone rubber, domestic reports of ceramifiable liquid silicone rubber are also provided. For example, Chinese invention patent 201310401446.0 discloses a vitrified flame retardant fireproof silicone sealant and a preparation method thereof, which comprises 100 parts of basic polymer, 3-40 parts of plasticizer, 5-200 parts of filler, 30-150 parts of vitrified powder, 1-15 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.1-3 parts of stabilizer, 0.5-3 parts of catalyst and 0.5-3 parts of coupling agent, during preparation, the raw materials are added into a high-speed dispersion stirrer to be stirred for 60-180 minutes at the vacuum degree of 0.06-0.095MPa and the rotating speed of 20-600rpm, the sealant forms hard vitrified material under the continuous ablation at the high temperature of more than 500 ℃, the fixation and sealing effects cannot be lost, the effects of isolating flame, smoke and fire are achieved, and the escape safety of personnel is ensured under the condition of fire escape; in addition, the invention provides a preparation method of the sealant, and the preparation method is convenient to operate.
The Chinese patent application 201610884326.4 discloses an organosilicon sealant ceramized at high temperature, which comprises 70-100 parts of matrix resin, 20-80 parts of reinforcing agent, 10-30 parts of silane coupling agent, 1-10 parts of catalyst and 10-50 parts of filling powder, wherein the filling powder consists of glass powder, flame retardant and porcelain assistant agent, and the porcelain assistant agent is selected from one or more of ferric oxide, titanium dioxide, antimony trioxide, silicon carbide, mica powder, magnesium phosphate and diatomite.
Chinese patent application 201510359220.8 discloses a flame-retardant ceramic silicone rubber, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 30-50 parts of reinforcing agent, 5-15 parts of structure control agent, 0.1-5 parts of silane coupling agent, 1-50 parts of ceramic filler, 1-50 parts of zinc borate, 1-50 parts of zinc oxide, 1-50 parts of talcum powder and platinum complexCalculated by mass of platinum 10-61 part of an internal mold release agent and 0.1-0.5 part of an internal mold release agent; the flame retardant grade of the silicone rubber material reaches UL94V-0 grade, the characteristics of rubber are maintained at normal temperature, a hard ceramic layer can be formed by ceramic at high temperature, and the ceramic layer has certain strength and can bear certain impact force, so that the product can be ensured to continue to work normally in a fire.
Chinese patent application 201610996576.7 discloses a ceramic fire-resistant silicone rubber for medium-temperature vulcanization and a preparation method thereof. The rubber comprises 100 parts of methyl vinyl silicone rubber, 10-40 parts of white carbon black, 9-20 parts of alumina, 5-10 parts of boric acid, 30-50 parts of ceramic powder, 0.25-1.5 parts of surface treating agent, 0.5-2 parts of cross-linking agent and (20-60) multiplied by 10 parts of chloroplatinic acid in terms of platinum mass-61-9 parts of retardant, and the silicon rubber does not use peroxide vulcanizing agent and can be vulcanized at medium temperature (less than 80 ℃). The rubber product does not use a peroxide vulcanizing agent, can be vulcanized at medium temperature (less than 80 ℃), greatly saves resources, can form a hard and compact ceramic product after a combustion test, and has the characteristics of good flame retardant property, excellent insulating property and the like.
However, the adhesive property of the ceramic silicone rubber is not fully considered in the formulation design aspect of the above prior art, especially the adhesiveness between the ablation product obtained after the ceramic is vitrified and the substrate to be bonded (such as glass or aluminum alloy) is not considered, and the ceramic silicone rubber can be vitrified only and is commonly used in the fields of fireproof cables and the like. As a fireproof building adhesive, silicon rubber not only needs to be capable of being ceramized, but also a product obtained by silicon rubber ablation particularly needs to have better adhesive strength with an adhered substrate such as glass or aluminum alloy, otherwise, the adhered glass is separated obviously after being burnt, and further the glass falls off. Therefore, the ceramic silicon rubber in the prior art still has a plurality of technical defects as the fireproof organic silicon sealant for buildings.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a flame-retardant smoke-inhibiting ceramizable room-temperature vulcanized organosilicon sealant and a preparation method thereof, aiming at the problems that the existing organosilicon sealant can only realize self ceramization, the obtained ablation product can not chemically react with a bonded substrate (such as glass or aluminum alloy), a firm bonding interface can not be formed, and the purpose of preventing a glass curtain wall from falling can not be achieved.
The invention prepares the ceramic precursor containing the silicon-boron covalent bond, so that the ablation product of the ceramic silicon rubber can chemically react with the bonded substrate (such as glass, aluminum alloy and the like) to generate a reaction product containing the silicon-boron-aluminum bond at the bonding interface, thus obtaining higher interface bonding strength between the glass and the glass after high-temperature ablation than before the ablation of the sealing compound, maintaining excellent bonding effect and effectively preventing the large-area peeling of the glass curtain wall.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the flame-retardant smoke-inhibiting ceramic room-temperature vulcanized organosilicon sealant comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 40-70% of silicone rubber, 5-30% of reinforcing agent, 10-40% of vitrified filler, 3-10% of fluxing agent, 1-5% of flame-retardant smoke inhibitor, 1-10% of coupling agent, 1-5% of catalyst and 1-10% of crosslinking agent;
the silicon rubber is one or more of alpha, omega-dihydroxy polydimethylsiloxane, trimethoxy terminated polydimethylsiloxane and methyl dimethoxy terminated polydimethylsiloxane;
the fluxing agent is one or more of magnesium borate, calcium borate and barium metaborate;
the reinforcing agent is one or more of nano calcium carbonate, precipitated white carbon black and fumed white carbon black;
the ceramic filler is one or more of hectorite (lithium magnesium silicate), pyrophyllite (hydrous aluminosilicate), serpentine (hydrous magnesium silicate) and magnesium aluminum silicate;
the flame-retardant smoke suppressant is one or more of nano molybdenum disulfide and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate;
the catalyst is one or more of dioctyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin diacetate, stannous octoate and dimethyltin dineodecanoate;
the silane coupling agent is one or more of gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 2- (3, 4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane and 3-isocyanatopropyltrimethoxysilane;
the cross-linking agent is one or more of ethyl orthosilicate, methyl tributyl ketoxime silane and vinyl tributyroxime silane.
In order to further achieve the object of the present invention, the viscosity of the silicone rubber is preferably 200 to 300000mPa · s.
Preferably, the particle size of the fluxing agent is 5-200 μm.
Preferably, the specific surface area of the precipitated white carbon black is 50-100 m2·g-1。
Preferably, the specific surface area of the fumed silica is 200-400 m2·g-1。
The preparation method of the flame-retardant smoke-suppressing ceramizable room-temperature vulcanized organosilicon sealant comprises the following steps:
1) stirring the fluxing agent and the vitrified filler at the temperature of 500-900 ℃ until the surface layer of the fluxing agent is molten, adhering part of the vitrified filler, and forming a vitrified precursor containing a silicon-boron covalent bond between the fluxing agent and the vitrified filler;
2) adding silicon rubber, a reinforcing agent, a ceramic precursor containing a silicon-boron covalent bond and a flame-retardant smoke suppressant into a kneading machine, controlling the temperature to be 110-160 ℃, the vacuum degree to be 0.05-0.10 MPa and the rotating speed to be 300-600 r.min-1Mixing and stirring the mixture to dehydrate the mixture, and cooling the mixture to 30-40 ℃ to obtain a base material;
3) mixing the base material with a cross-linking agent, a catalyst and a silane coupling agent, controlling the vacuum degree to be 0.05-0.10 MPa and the rotating speed to be 200-500 r.min-1Stirring uniformly to obtain unvulcanized sealGluing;
4) and vulcanizing the unvulcanized sealant in the air for 1-5 days to obtain the room-temperature vulcanized organosilicon sealant.
Preferably, the fluxing agent and the vitrified filler in the step 1) are stirred at the temperature of 500-900 ℃ until the surface layer of the fluxing agent is molten for 1-3 h, and the stirring speed is 30-80 r.min-1。
Preferably, the mixing and stirring time in the step 2) is 90-240 min; the time for uniformly stirring in the step 3) is 30-60 min; the mixing in the step 3) is carried out in a planetary mixer.
Preferably, the temperature of the vulcanization in the step 4) is 20-40 ℃, and the relative humidity is 50-80%.
Preferably, the room-temperature vulcanized silicone sealant obtained in the step 4) is vitrified in a muffle furnace at 800-900 ℃ for 1-3 h, and is cooled along with the furnace to obtain a ceramic body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the flame-retardant smoke-inhibiting ceramizable room-temperature vulcanized sealant has excellent mechanical property and adhesive property, low smoke density in the combustion process and good flame-retardant smoke-inhibiting effect. The preparation process of the sealant is simple, and the high-strength bonding between the glass can be realized after the sealant is ablated at high temperature. After the sealant is ceramized at high temperature, a hard ceramic body is formed, and the ceramic body and SiO in the glass2Or Al on the surface of aluminum alloy2O3Chemical reaction occurs at the interface to form a reaction product containing silicon-boron-aluminum bonds, so that the bonding strength between the vitrified glass is greatly higher than that between the vitrified glass, the bonding failure of the glass curtain wall after fire is effectively prevented, the glass is prevented from being peeled off from the high altitude, and the occurrence of secondary damage is reduced.
Detailed Description
The features and advantages of the present invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be merely exemplary of the advantages of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The flame-retardant smoke-suppressing ceramizable room-temperature curing sealant comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
during preparation, the calcium borate and the hectorite are added into a crucible and stirred for 1h at the temperature of 600 ℃, and the stirring speed is 50 r.min-1So that the calcium borate surface layer is melted and part of the hectorite is adhered to form a ceramic precursor containing silicon-boron covalent bonds. Mixing alpha, omega-dihydroxy polydimethylsiloxane with the viscosity of 1500 and 200000 mPas at 25 ℃ according to the mass ratio of 6:1, adding the mixture into a kneader, adding fumed silica, a ceramic precursor containing a silicon-boron covalent bond and molybdenum disulfide, setting the temperature at 110 ℃, the vacuum degree at 0.05MPa and the rotation speed at 300 r.min-1Blending for 240min to fully dehydrate the raw materials, and cooling to 30-40 ℃ to obtain a base material; adding the base material into a planetary stirrer, adding tetraethoxysilane, dioctyltin dilaurate and gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, wherein the vacuum degree is 0.05MPa and the temperature is 400 r.min-1Stirring for 30min at a rotating speed to obtain an unvulcanized organosilicon sealant, vulcanizing the sealant at 25 ℃ for 5 days with a relative humidity of 55%, and ablating for 1h in a muffle furnace at 900 ℃ to obtain the flame-retardant smoke-suppressing ceramizable room-temperature vulcanized organosilicon sealant; the physical properties of the ceramifiable room temperature vulcanizing silicone sealant before and after high temperature ablation are respectively shown in tables 1 and 2.
Example 2
The flame-retardant smoke-suppressing ceramizable room-temperature curing sealant comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
during preparation, the magnesium borate and the pyrophyllite are added into a crucible and stirred for 3 hours at the temperature of 900 ℃, and the stirring speed is 80 r.min-1So that the surface layer of the magnesium borate is melted and part of pyrophyllite is adhered to form ceramic containing silicon-boron covalent bondsAnd (5) the precursor is formed. Mixing alpha, omega-dihydroxy polydimethylsiloxane with the viscosity of 200 and 20000 mPas at 25 ℃ respectively according to the mass ratio of 4:1, adding the mixture into a kneader, then adding precipitated white carbon black, a ceramic precursor containing a silicon-boron covalent bond and molybdenum disulfide, setting the temperature at 160 ℃, the vacuum degree at 0.05MPa and the rotating speed at 400 r.min-1Blending for 180min to fully dehydrate the raw materials, and cooling to 30-40 ℃ to obtain a base material; adding the base material into a planetary stirrer, adding methyl tributyl ketoxime silane, dibutyltin diacetate and gamma-glycidyl ether oxypropyl trimethoxy silane, controlling the vacuum degree to be 0.05MPa and controlling the vacuum degree to be 300 r.min-1Stirring for 60min at a rotating speed to obtain an unvulcanized organosilicon sealant, vulcanizing the sealant for 5 days at 35 ℃, keeping the relative humidity at 55%, and then ablating the sealant for 1h in a muffle furnace at 900 ℃ to obtain the flame-retardant and smoke-suppressing ceramizable room-temperature vulcanized organosilicon sealant, wherein the physical properties of the ceramizable room-temperature vulcanized organosilicon sealant before and after high-temperature ablation are respectively shown in tables 1 and 2.
Example 3
The flame-retardant smoke-suppressing ceramizable room-temperature curing sealant comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
during preparation, barium metaborate and hectorite are added into a crucible and stirred for 3 hours at the temperature of 700 ℃, and the stirring speed is 80 r.min-1So that the surface layer of the barium metaborate is melted and part of the hectorite is adhered to form a ceramic precursor containing silicon-boron covalent bonds. Mixing alpha, omega-dihydroxy polydimethylsiloxane with the viscosity of 2000 and 100000 mPas at 25 ℃ according to the mass ratio of 5:1, adding the mixture into a kneader, then adding nano calcium carbonate, a ceramic precursor containing a silicon-boron covalent bond and molybdenum disulfide, setting the temperature at 160 ℃, the vacuum degree at 0.10MPa and the rotating speed at 400 r.min-1Blending for 90min to fully dehydrate the raw materials, and cooling to 30-40 ℃ to obtain a base material; adding the base material into a planetary mixer, and then adding methyl tributyl ketoxime silane, stannous octoate and 2- (3, 4-epoxy cyclohexyl) silaneRadical) ethyl trimethoxy silane, the vacuum degree is controlled to be 0.10MPa and the temperature is controlled to be 300 r.min-1Stirring for 30min at a rotating speed to obtain the organosilicon sealant, vulcanizing the sealant for 4 days at 30 ℃, keeping the relative humidity at 80%, and then ablating for 1h in a muffle furnace at 900 ℃ to obtain the flame-retardant and smoke-suppressing ceramizable room-temperature vulcanized organosilicon sealant, wherein the physical properties of the ceramizable room-temperature vulcanized organosilicon sealant before and after high-temperature ablation are respectively shown in tables 1 and 2.
Example 4
The flame-retardant smoke-suppressing ceramizable room-temperature curing sealant comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
during preparation, the magnesium borate and the serpentine are added into a crucible and stirred for 2 hours at the temperature of 900 ℃, and the stirring speed is 80 r.min-1So that the magnesium borate surface layer is melted and part of serpentine is adhered to form a ceramic precursor containing silicon-boron covalent bonds. Mixing alpha, omega-dihydroxy polydimethylsiloxane with the viscosity of 200 and 300000 mPas at 25 ℃ according to the mass ratio of 5:1, adding the mixture into a kneader, adding precipitated white carbon black, a ceramic precursor containing a silicon-boron covalent bond and molybdenum disulfide, setting the temperature to be 160 ℃, the vacuum degree to be 0.05MPa and the rotating speed to be 400 r.min-1Mixing for 180min to fully dehydrate the raw materials, and cooling to 30-40 ℃ to obtain a base material; adding the base material into a planetary stirrer, adding vinyl tributyroximo silane, dioctyltin dilaurate and mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, controlling the vacuum degree to be 0.05MPa and controlling the vacuum degree to be 300 r.min-1Stirring for 60min at a rotating speed to obtain an unvulcanized organosilicon sealant, vulcanizing the sealant for 5 days at 25 ℃, ablating the sealant for 3h in a muffle furnace at 800 ℃ at a relative humidity of 55 percent to obtain the flame-retardant smoke-inhibiting ceramizable room-temperature vulcanized organosilicon sealant, wherein the physical properties of the ceramizable room-temperature vulcanized organosilicon sealant before and after high-temperature ablation are shown in tables 1 and 2.
Example 5
The flame-retardant smoke-suppressing ceramizable room-temperature curing sealant comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
during preparation, barium metaborate and serpentine are added into a crucible and stirred for 2 hours at the temperature of 700 ℃, and the stirring speed is 80 r.min-1So that the surface layer of the barium metaborate is melted and part of the serpentine is adhered to form a ceramic precursor containing silicon-boron covalent bonds. Mixing alpha, omega-dihydroxy polydimethylsiloxane with the viscosity of 500 and 100000 mPas at 25 ℃ according to the mass ratio of 5:1, adding the mixture into a kneader, adding fumed silica, a ceramic precursor containing a silicon-boron covalent bond, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and molybdenum disulfide, setting the temperature at 160 ℃, the vacuum degree at 0.05MPa and the rotating speed at 400 r.min-1Mixing for 240min to fully dehydrate the raw materials, and cooling to 30-40 ℃ to obtain a base material; adding the base material into a planetary stirrer, adding methyl tributyl ketoxime silane, dioctyltin dilaurate and 3-isocyanatopropyl trimethoxy silane, controlling the vacuum degree to be 0.05MPa, and controlling the vacuum degree to be 300 r.min-1Stirring for 60min at a rotating speed to obtain an unvulcanized organosilicon sealant, vulcanizing the sealant for 1 day at 25 ℃, ablating the sealant for 1h in a muffle furnace at 900 ℃ at a relative humidity of 80 percent to obtain the flame-retardant smoke-inhibiting ceramizable room-temperature vulcanized organosilicon sealant, wherein the physical properties of the ceramizable room-temperature vulcanized organosilicon sealant before and after high-temperature ablation are shown in tables 1 and 2.
Example 6
The flame-retardant smoke-suppressing ceramizable room-temperature curing sealant comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
during preparation, the calcium borate and the aluminum magnesium silicate are added into a crucible and stirred for 2 hours at the temperature of 600 ℃, and the stirring speed is 60 r.min-1So that the calcium borate surface layer is melted and part of magnesium aluminum silicate is adhered to form the ceramic containing silicon-boron covalent bondsAnd (5) the precursor is formed. Mixing methyl dimethoxy terminated polydimethylsiloxane with the viscosity of 3000 and 50000 mPas at 25 ℃ according to the mass ratio of 4:1, adding the mixture into a kneader, then adding precipitated white carbon black, a ceramic precursor containing a silicon-boron covalent bond and molybdenum disulfide, setting the temperature at 160 ℃, the vacuum degree at 0.05MPa and the rotating speed at 400 r.min-1Blending for 180min to fully dehydrate the raw materials, and cooling to 30-40 ℃ to obtain a base material; adding the base material into a planetary mixer, adding vinyl tributyrinoxime silane, dimethyltin dineodecanoate and gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, controlling the vacuum degree to be 0.05MPa and controlling the vacuum degree to be 500 r.min-1Stirring for 30min at a rotating speed to obtain an unvulcanized organosilicon sealant, vulcanizing the sealant at 25 ℃ for 5 days, ablating the sealant in a muffle furnace at 900 ℃ for 1h at a relative humidity of 55 percent to obtain the flame-retardant smoke-inhibiting ceramizable room-temperature vulcanized organosilicon sealant, wherein the physical properties of the ceramizable room-temperature vulcanized organosilicon sealant before and after high-temperature ablation are respectively shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1 physical Properties of flame retardant, smoke suppressant, ceramifiable Room temperature vulcanizing Silicone sealants
The performance of the ceramic bodies ablated with the flame retardant, smoke suppressant, ceramifiable room temperature vulcanizing silicone sealant in each example is shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 physical Properties of ceramic bodies obtained by ablation in the examples
Compared with the prior art of Chinese invention patent 201310401446.0 (table Chinese product comparison sample), the room temperature vulcanized silicone sealant capable of being ceramized in the embodiments 1-6 of the invention has more excellent tensile strength and bonding performance, lower burning smoke density and excellent smoke suppression effect. More importantly, the ceramic body obtained by the organosilicon sealant after high-temperature ablation generates a reaction product containing silicon-boron-aluminum bonds due to a chemical reaction with a bonded substrate (glass), so that even if the organosilicon sealant is ablated, the ablation product can still form high-strength bonding with a glass curtain wall. In the prior art, although the organosilicon sealant can be vitrified after high-temperature ablation, a firm bonding interface layer is difficult to form between an ablation product and a bonded substrate (such as glass), so that a glass curtain wall can fall off at high temperature, and personnel and property loss is caused.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents and are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The flame-retardant smoke-inhibiting ceramic room temperature vulcanized organosilicon sealant is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 40-70% of silicone rubber, 5-30% of reinforcing agent, 10-40% of vitrified filler, 3-10% of fluxing agent, 1-5% of flame-retardant smoke inhibitor, 1-10% of silane coupling agent, 1-5% of catalyst and 1-10% of crosslinking agent;
the silicon rubber is one or more of alpha, omega-dihydroxy polydimethylsiloxane, trimethoxy terminated polydimethylsiloxane and methyl dimethoxy terminated polydimethylsiloxane;
the fluxing agent is one or more of magnesium borate, calcium borate and barium metaborate;
the reinforcing agent is one or more of nano calcium carbonate, precipitated white carbon black and fumed white carbon black;
the ceramic filler is one or more of hectorite, pyrophyllite, serpentine and magnesium aluminum silicate;
the flame-retardant smoke suppressant is one or more of nano molybdenum disulfide and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate;
the catalyst is one or more of dioctyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin diacetate, stannous octoate and dimethyltin dineodecanoate;
the silane coupling agent is one or more of gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, gamma-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 2- (3, 4-epoxycyclohexyl) ethyltrimethoxysilane, mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane and 3-isocyanatopropyltrimethoxysilane;
the cross-linking agent is one or more of ethyl orthosilicate, methyl tributyl ketoxime silane and vinyl tributyroxime silane;
the preparation method of the flame-retardant smoke-suppressing ceramizable room-temperature vulcanized organosilicon sealant comprises the following steps:
1) stirring the fluxing agent and the vitrified filler at the temperature of 500-900 ℃ until the surface layer of the fluxing agent is molten, adhering part of the vitrified filler, and forming a vitrified precursor containing a silicon-boron covalent bond between the fluxing agent and the vitrified filler;
2) adding silicon rubber, a reinforcing agent, a ceramic precursor containing a silicon-boron covalent bond and a flame-retardant smoke suppressant into a kneading machine, controlling the temperature to be 110-160 ℃, the vacuum degree to be 0.05-0.10 MPa and the rotating speed to be 300-600 r.min-1Mixing and stirring the mixture to dehydrate the mixture, and cooling the mixture to 30-40 ℃ to obtain a base material;
3) mixing the base material with a cross-linking agent, a catalyst and a silane coupling agent, controlling the vacuum degree to be 0.05-0.10 MPa and the rotating speed to be 200-500 r.min-1Stirring uniformly to obtain unvulcanized sealant;
4) and vulcanizing the unvulcanized sealant in the air for 1-5 days to obtain the room-temperature vulcanized organosilicon sealant.
2. The flame-retardant smoke-suppressing ceramifiable room temperature vulcanizing silicone sealant as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the viscosity of the silicone rubber is 200-300000 mPa.
3. The flame-retardant smoke-suppressing ceramifiable room temperature vulcanizing silicone sealant as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the fluxing agent is 5-200 mu m.
4. The flame-retardant smoke-suppressing ceramifiable room temperature vulcanizing silicone sealant as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the specific surface area of the precipitated white carbon black is 50-100 m2·g-1。
5. The flame-retardant smoke-suppressing ceramifiable room temperature vulcanizing silicone sealant as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the specific surface area of the fumed silica is 200-400 m2·g-1。
6. A method of preparing a flame retardant, smoke suppressant, ceramifiable room temperature vulcanizing silicone sealant as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 comprising the steps of:
1) stirring the fluxing agent and the vitrified filler at the temperature of 500-900 ℃ until the surface layer of the fluxing agent is molten, adhering part of the vitrified filler, and forming a vitrified precursor containing a silicon-boron covalent bond between the fluxing agent and the vitrified filler;
2) adding silicon rubber, a reinforcing agent, a ceramic precursor containing a silicon-boron covalent bond and a flame-retardant smoke suppressant into a kneading machine, controlling the temperature to be 110-160 ℃, the vacuum degree to be 0.05-0.10 MPa and the rotating speed to be 300-600 r.min-1Mixing and stirring the mixture to dehydrate the mixture, and cooling the mixture to 30-40 ℃ to obtain a base material;
3) mixing the base material with a cross-linking agent, a catalyst and a silane coupling agent, controlling the vacuum degree to be 0.05-0.10 MPa and the rotating speed to be 200-500 r.min-1Stirring uniformly to obtain unvulcanized sealant;
4) and vulcanizing the unvulcanized sealant in the air for 1-5 days to obtain the room-temperature vulcanized organosilicon sealant.
7. The preparation method of the flame-retardant smoke-suppressing ceramifiable room-temperature-vulcanized silicone sealant as claimed in claim 6, wherein the fluxing agent and the ceramifiable filler in the step 1) are stirred at a temperature of 500-900 ℃ until the surface layer of the fluxing agent is moltenThe time is 1 to 3 hours, and the stirring speed is 30 to 80 r.min-1。
8. The preparation method of the flame-retardant smoke-suppressing ceramizable room temperature vulcanization organosilicon sealant according to claim 6, characterized in that the mixing and stirring time in the step 2) is 90-240 min; the time for uniformly stirring in the step 3) is 30-60 min; the mixing in the step 3) is carried out in a planetary mixer.
9. The preparation method of the flame-retardant smoke-suppressing ceramizable room-temperature vulcanization organosilicon sealant according to claim 6, wherein the vulcanization temperature in the step 4) is 20-40 ℃ and the relative humidity is 50-80%.
10. The preparation method of the flame-retardant smoke-suppressing ceramizable room temperature vulcanizing silicone sealant according to claim 6, wherein the room temperature vulcanizing silicone sealant obtained in the step 4) is ceramized in a muffle furnace at 800-900 ℃ for 1-3 h, and is cooled along with the furnace to prepare the ceramic body.
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| CN110066638A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-07-30 | 东莞市山力高分子材料科研有限公司 | A kind of fire prevention silicone sealant of high temperature resistant ablation and preparation method thereof |
| CN112830794A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2021-05-25 | 福建臻璟新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation process for preparing high-thermal-conductivity and high-strength aluminum nitride ceramic by organic monomer gel method |
| CN112210217B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2022-10-25 | 广东海之澜新材料科技有限公司 | Anti-vibration ceramic silicon rubber and preparation method thereof |
| CN113402993B (en) * | 2021-06-15 | 2022-07-19 | 中核同辐（长春）辐射技术有限公司 | Ceramic silicone rubber composite belt with mica layer and preparation method thereof |
| CN114321122A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-04-12 | 武汉航空仪表有限责任公司 | Forming method of bi-component fireproof flame-retardant organic silicon sealant |
| CN115806796A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-03-17 | 上海市塑料研究所有限公司 | Room-temperature vulcanized oil-resistant fireproof organic silicon adhesive and preparation method thereof |
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