CN109401225B - Biodegradable preservative film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Biodegradable preservative film and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of biodegradable high polymer materials, in particular to a biodegradable preservative film and a preparation method thereof, wherein the raw materials of the biodegradable preservative film are mainly prepared from 50-65 parts of PBAT, 15-30 parts of modified starch, 20-40 parts of polylactic acid, 3-10 parts of biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyester, 3-10 parts of methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether, 2-8 parts of nano talcum powder, 0.1-0.5 part of chain extender, 0.2-0.8 part of antioxidant and 0.2-0.6 part of lubricant. The invention greatly reduces the cost while improving the toughness, plasticity, strength and degradability of preservative film products through the synergistic effect of the components, thereby being beneficial to large-scale production and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biodegradable high polymer materials, in particular to a biodegradable preservative film and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of economy in China, the demand of packaging materials such as preservative films and the like is increasing. Traditional preservative film materials are mainly derived from petroleum-based materials such as Polyethylene (PE) and the like, and are difficult to treat after being discarded. If the waste water is treated by burning, a large amount of toxic byproducts are generated; if the landfill method is adopted, the traditional petroleum-based materials have long degradation period, and some petroleum-based materials have even more than 100 years, so that the serious 'white pollution' problem is caused. Therefore, biodegradable materials that are environmentally friendly are the focus of current research.
Polylactic acid (PLA) is a thermoplastic biodegradable material with high strength and modulus, and has been considered as an environmentally friendly packaging material with great potential in recent years. However, polylactic acid is a semi-crystalline polymer, and has the disadvantages of high glass transition temperature, poor toughness, high brittleness and poor heat resistance, so that the processability and the application of the polylactic acid are influenced; another thermoplastic biodegradable material is poly (butylene adipate terephthalate) (PBAT), which has better ductility, elongation at break and impact property, but also pure PBAT has the defects of soft hardness, poor film forming property and the like. Starch is the second largest natural biopolymer in nature to cellulose only, and its extremely low cost and complete degradability are of great concern. Many researches and reports on polylactic acid and starch blending materials are already made at home and abroad. For example, chinese patent CN102408690A discloses a thermoplastic starch modified polylactic acid material, which is formed by simply and directly blending starch and polylactic acid, but starch and polylactic acid are incompatible, and the interfacial adhesion of the blending system is poor, resulting in the decrease of physical and mechanical properties such as toughness and plasticity of the product; chinese patent CN101831155A discloses a preparation method of a starch/polylactic acid blend, and the used chain extender is a diisocyanate compound with toxicity, so that the application of the blend in disposable food packaging and tableware is limited; for another example, chinese patent CN101781448A discloses a method for preparing a fully biodegradable reinforced polylactic acid/starch blend, which improves the mechanical and heat-resistant properties of the blend by adding a thermoplastic elastic toughening agent, but the used thermoplastic elastic toughening agent is liquid rubber or thermoplastic elastomer, which is a non-biodegradable component, and affects the complete degradability of the blend. Therefore, the existing starch modified polylactic acid material still has the following defects: (1) the heat-resistant temperature of the starch is limited, so that the starch is carbonized and decomposed due to overhigh temperature in the processing process; (2) the compatibility of polylactic acid and starch is not good enough, so that the toughness, strength, plasticity and other physical and mechanical properties of the material are poor. Therefore, in the prior art, the performance of the product is improved by adding various high-cost additives, so that the cost of the product is greatly improved, and the degradability of the material is reduced; in addition, the prior art adopts a coating method to increase the antibacterial performance of the preservative film, namely, a layer of antibacterial coating is coated on the formed film, and then the preservative film is formed by curing. Although the method is simple in process, the antibacterial performance of the coating is reduced along with the change of environment and the time, and the antibacterial period is short.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a biodegradable preservative film and a preparation method thereof aiming at the defects in the prior art, the prepared preservative film is obviously improved in plasticity, toughness, strength and degradability, the dosage of various additives in raw materials is small, the dosage of modified starch is large, and the cost is reduced while the comprehensive performance of the product is improved.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the biodegradable preservative film is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
wherein the modified starch is prepared by gelatinizing and modifying 45-60 parts of cassava starch, 45-60 parts of distilled water, 2-8 parts of glycerol and 0.2-1 part of maleic anhydride.
Wherein the modified starch is formed by gelatinizing and modifying 45-60 parts of cassava starch, 45-60 parts of distilled water, 2-8 parts of glycerol and 0.2-1 part of maleic anhydride. By carrying out gelatinization modification on the cassava starch, on one hand, the surface compatibility and the plasticizing performance of the cassava starch are greatly improved, so that the cassava starch can be well compatible with polylactic acid and PBAT, the plasticity, the toughness and the tensile strength of the product are improved, on the other hand, the heat-resistant temperature of the modified starch is improved, and the problem that the cassava starch is carbonized and decomposed due to overhigh temperature in the processing process is solved. The modified starch has larger using amount, the raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, the cost can be obviously reduced, although the physical and mechanical properties of the modified starch are reduced while the degradability of the product is improved by increasing the using amount of the modified starch, the cost is also reduced on the premise of ensuring that the performances of the product are not influenced by the synergistic effect of other components.
In the technical scheme, the biodegradable preservative film is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
in the technical scheme, the antibacterial agent also comprises 0.8-1.5 parts by weight of an antibacterial agent, wherein the antibacterial agent is prepared by compounding nisin and tea polyphenol according to the weight ratio of (2-3) to (1-3).
In the technical scheme, the weight ratio of the biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyester to the methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether is (0.5-2): 1. The methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether and the biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyester are used for improving the plasticity and toughening effect of the blend, so that the blend has excellent mechanical property and processability, and the two raw materials are completely biodegradable materials without influencing the degradation property of the product; particularly, the use amount ratio of the two components is beneficial to improving the compatibility of each component in the blend and further improving the comprehensive performance of the product.
In the above technical scheme, the biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyester is at least one of polybutylene terephthalate-co-adipate, polyethylene terephthalate-co-succinate and polybutylene terephthalate-co-succinate.
In the technical scheme, the average particle size of the nano talcum powder is 50-80 nm. The nanoscale talcum powder particles with the particle size range can improve the problems of dispersion and interface bonding in a high-temperature-resistant base material, and further contribute to improving the strength and toughness of the composite material; in addition, the particle size and the dosage of the nano-talcum powder are well controlled, when the dosage is too small, the requirement of final use performance of a product cannot be met, and when the dosage is too large, the product performance is influenced because the nano-particles are easy to agglomerate during high-temperature melt blending, and the material cost is also obviously increased.
In the technical scheme, the chain extender is at least one of the commercial products ADR-4368C, ADR-4368CS and ADR-4370. The chain extender can react with functional groups on a polylactic acid chain, so that the polylactic acid molecular chain forms a long branched chain structure and simultaneously increases the molecular weight of the polylactic acid molecular chain, and the finally prepared polylactic acid composite material not only greatly enhances the toughness, but also has better thermal stability; the antioxidant is at least one of tert-butyl hydroquinone, catechol and hydroquinone; the lubricant is any one of zinc stearate, N' -ethylene bis stearamide and polyethylene wax, and plays a role in improving rheological property of the polymer.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the biodegradable preservative film, which comprises the following steps:
step a, according to the formula amount, under the condition of 20-25 ℃, cassava starch and distilled water are mixed and uniformly stirred, then glycerin and maleic anhydride are added, the mixture is continuously stirred to form a colloidal mixture, then the colloidal mixture is placed in a water bath kettle or an oil bath kettle for heating and pasting, the heating temperature is 85-100 ℃, the heating time is 10-30min, viscous colloid is obtained, and then the viscous colloid is dried and crushed to obtain modified starch for later use;
b, respectively weighing modified starch, PBAT, polylactic acid, biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyester, methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether and nano talcum powder according to the formula amount, drying for 4-5 hours at 75-85 ℃ to ensure that the water content of each component is less than or equal to 0.08%, and facilitating dry mixing and subsequent melt polymerization reaction of each component; then, stirring and dry-mixing the dried components except the nano talcum powder until the components are uniform to obtain a pre-mixture, adding the chain extender, the antioxidant, the lubricant and the antibacterial agent in the formula amount, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain a blend;
and c, adding the blend into a screw extruder from a feeding port, adding the dried nano talcum powder into the screw extruder at the downstream of the screw, performing high-temperature melt extrusion, performing blow molding to form a film, and cooling to obtain the preservative film, wherein the temperature of each heating area of the screw extruder is as follows:
the front part of the screw: 175 ℃ and 180 ℃, the middle part of the screw: 170 ℃ and 175 ℃, rear part of the screw: 155 ℃ to 160 ℃, and the nozzle temperature to 180 ℃ to 185 ℃.
In the technical scheme, in the step a, the viscous colloid is baked at the temperature of 100-120 ℃ for 10-30min, and then the dried solid is crushed to 100-300 meshes to obtain the modified starch.
In the technical scheme, in the step c, the feeding rotating speed of the screw extruder is 0.8-1.4rpm, and the temperature of the feeding section is controlled at 60-90 ℃ so as to prevent the chain extender from being prematurely melted and generating gel. In addition, in the step c, the nano talcum powder is added into the screw extruder at the downstream of the screw, so that the influence of other components on the shearing and dispersing process of nano talcum powder particles in the melting and blending process can be avoided to the maximum extent.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention relates to a biodegradable preservative film and a preparation method thereof, wherein the raw materials are mainly prepared from 50-65 parts of PBAT, 15-30 parts of modified starch, 20-40 parts of polylactic acid, 3-10 parts of biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyester, 3-10 parts of methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether, 2-8 parts of nano talcum powder, 0.1-0.5 part of chain extender, 0.2-0.8 part of antioxidant and 0.2-0.6 part of lubricant. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) according to the invention, the cassava starch is gelatinized and modified by adopting a special process, so that the surface compatibility and the plasticizing performance of the cassava starch are greatly improved, and the cassava starch can be well compatible with polylactic acid and PBAT, thereby improving the flexibility, tensile strength and plasticity of the product, and the heat-resistant temperature of the modified starch is improved, so that the cassava starch cannot be carbonized and decomposed due to overhigh temperature in the processing process;
(2) the invention further utilizes methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether and biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyester to form a firm bonding layer between the fiber and the aliphatic-aromatic copolyester, thereby improving the strength and the extensibility of the material, and the two raw materials are biodegradable materials; on the other hand, the compatibility among the components in the blend is further improved by controlling the dosage ratio of the modified starch, the methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether and the biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyester;
(3) the nano talcum powder is adopted in the formula, and the problems of dispersion and interface bonding in a high-temperature resistant base material can be solved by nano talcum powder particles, so that the strength and toughness of the composite material are improved; the nano talcum powder is added into the screw extruder at the downstream of the screw, so that the influence of other components on the shearing and dispersing process of nano talcum powder particles in the melting and blending process can be avoided to the maximum extent;
(4) the formula of the invention also adopts the chain extender, and in the screw extrusion process, the chain extender can react with functional groups on the polylactic acid chain, so that the polylactic acid molecular chain forms a long branched chain structure and simultaneously increases the molecular weight of the polylactic acid molecular chain, and the finally prepared biodegradable material not only greatly enhances the toughness, but also has better thermal stability;
(5) the antibacterial agent is added in the formula, and is dissolved in a polylactic acid and PBAT blending system, so that nisin and tea polyphenol are firmly embedded on the surface of a polymer, and compared with a coating method in the prior art, the antibacterial effect is more durable;
(6) compared with polylactic acid and PBAT, the raw materials of the invention have less use amount of various additives and higher content of modified starch, and the preparation process is simple and easy to control, and is beneficial to large-scale production and application.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in connection with the following examples.
Example 1:
the preparation method of the preservative film of the embodiment is as follows (the following components are calculated according to parts by weight):
step a, mixing 50 parts of cassava starch and 50 parts of distilled water at 20 ℃, uniformly stirring, adding 4 parts of glycerol and 0.6 part of maleic anhydride, and continuously stirring to form a colloidal mixture; heating in water bath or oil bath at 95 deg.C for 25min to obtain viscous colloid; and (3) placing the viscous colloid in an oven, baking at the drying temperature of 100 ℃ for 15min, and crushing the dried solid to 200 meshes to obtain the modified starch.
Step b, respectively weighing 20 parts of modified starch, 50 parts of PBAT, 25 parts of polylactic acid, 3 parts of biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyester, 5 parts of methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether and 5 parts of nano talcum powder (the average particle size is 50nm), and drying for 4 hours at 75 ℃ to ensure that the water content of each component is less than or equal to 0.08%; then, stirring and dry-mixing the dried components except the nano talcum powder until the components are uniform to obtain a premix; then adding 0.2 part of chain extender ADR-4368C, 0.4 part of tert-butyl hydroquinone, 0.2 part of zinc stearate and 1 part of antibacterial agent, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain a blend;
in the step, the biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyester is a mixture of polybutylene terephthalate-co-adipate, polyethylene terephthalate-co-adipate and polyethylene terephthalate-co-succinate in a weight ratio of 2:2: 1; the antibacterial agent is prepared by compounding nisin and tea polyphenol according to the weight ratio of 3: 1.
And c, adding the blend into a screw extruder from a feeding port, adding the dried nano talcum powder into the screw extruder at the downstream of the screw, performing high-temperature melt extrusion, performing blow molding to form a film, and cooling to obtain the preservative film. In the step, the feeding speed of the screw extruder is 1.4rpm, the temperature of the feeding section is controlled at 60 ℃, and the temperature of each heating area of the screw extruder is set as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 temperatures of the heating zones of the screw extruder
Example 2:
the preparation method of the preservative film of the embodiment is as follows (the following components are calculated according to parts by weight):
step a, mixing 45 parts of cassava starch and 55 parts of distilled water at 22 ℃, uniformly stirring, adding 2 parts of glycerol and 0.4 part of maleic anhydride, and continuously stirring to form a colloidal mixture; heating in water bath or oil bath at 85 deg.C for 30min to obtain viscous colloid; and (3) placing the viscous colloid in an oven, baking at the drying temperature of 110 ℃ for 20min, and crushing the dried solid to 100 meshes to obtain the modified starch.
Step b, respectively weighing 15 parts of modified starch, 60 parts of PBAT, 35 parts of polylactic acid, 5 parts of polyethylene glycol terephthalate-co-adipate, 3 parts of methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether and 6 parts of nano talcum powder (the average particle size is 70nm), and drying for 5 hours at 78 ℃ to ensure that the water content of each component is less than or equal to 0.08%; then, stirring and dry-mixing the dried components except the nano talcum powder until the components are uniform to obtain a premix; then adding 0.1 part of chain extender ADR-4370, 0.2 part of hydroquinone, 0.4 part of N, N' -ethylene bis stearamide and 1.2 parts of antibacterial agent, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain a blend;
in the step, the antibacterial agent is prepared by compounding nisin and tea polyphenol according to the weight ratio of 1: 1.
And c, adding the blend into a screw extruder from a feeding port, adding the dried nano talcum powder into the screw extruder at the downstream of the screw, performing high-temperature melt extrusion, performing blow molding to form a film, and cooling to obtain the preservative film. In this step, the feeding speed of the screw extruder was 1.0rpm, the temperature of the feeding section was controlled at 90 ℃, and the temperature settings of the heating zones of the screw extruder are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 temperatures of the heating zones of the screw extruder
Example 3:
the preparation method of the preservative film of the embodiment is as follows (the following components are calculated according to parts by weight):
step a, mixing 60 parts of cassava starch and 45 parts of distilled water at 25 ℃, uniformly stirring, adding 8 parts of glycerol and 1 part of maleic anhydride, and continuously stirring to form a colloidal mixture; heating in water bath or oil bath at 100 deg.C for 10min to obtain viscous colloid; and (3) placing the viscous colloid in an oven, baking at the drying temperature of 120 ℃ for 10min, and crushing the dried solid to 230 meshes to obtain the modified starch.
Step b, respectively weighing 25 parts of modified starch, 56 parts of PBAT, 30 parts of polylactic acid, 10 parts of biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyester, 10 parts of methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether and 8 parts of nano talcum powder (the average particle size is 60nm), drying for 4.5 hours at 80 ℃ to ensure that the water content of each component is less than or equal to 0.08%, then stirring and dry-mixing the dried components except the nano talcum powder until the components are uniform to obtain a pre-mixture, then adding 0.2 part of chain extender ADR-4368C, 0.1 part of chain extender ADR-4370, 0.3 part of tert-butyl hydroquinone, 0.5 part of catechol and 0.6 part of polyethylene wax, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain a blend;
in the step, the biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyester is a mixture of polyethylene terephthalate-co-butylene succinate and polybutylene terephthalate-co-butylene succinate compounded according to the weight ratio of 1: 2.
And c, adding the blend into a screw extruder from a feeding port, adding the dried nano talcum powder into the screw extruder at the downstream of the screw, performing high-temperature melt extrusion, performing blow molding to form a film, and cooling to obtain the preservative film. In this step, the feeding speed of the screw extruder was 0.8rpm, the temperature of the feeding section was controlled at 80 ℃, and the temperature settings of the heating zones of the screw extruder are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 temperatures of the zones heated in the screw extruder
Example 4:
the preparation method of the preservative film of the embodiment is as follows (the following components are calculated according to parts by weight):
step a, mixing 56 parts of cassava starch and 60 parts of distilled water at 21 ℃, uniformly stirring, adding 6 parts of glycerol and 0.2 part of maleic anhydride, and continuously stirring to form a colloidal mixture; heating in water bath or oil bath at 90 deg.C for 15min to obtain viscous colloid; placing the viscous colloid in an oven, baking at 105 deg.C for 30min, and pulverizing the dried solid to 300 mesh to obtain modified starch;
step b, respectively weighing 30 parts of modified starch, 65 parts of PBAT, 40 parts of polylactic acid, 8 parts of biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyester, 7 parts of methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether and 3 parts of nano talcum powder (the average particle size is 80nm), drying for 4 hours at 85 ℃ to ensure that the water content of each component is less than or equal to 0.08 percent, then stirring and dry-mixing the dried components except the nano talcum powder until the components are uniform to obtain a premix, then adding 0.2 part of chain extender ADR-4368C, 0.2 part of chain extender ADR-4368CS, 0.1 part of chain extender ADR-4370, 0.4 part of catechol, 0.2 part of hydroquinone, 0.3 part of zinc stearate and 0.8 part of antibacterial agent, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain a blend;
in the step, the biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyester is a mixture of polybutylene terephthalate-co-adipate and polyethylene terephthalate-co-succinate which are compounded according to the weight ratio of 3: 2; the antibacterial agent is prepared by compounding nisin and tea polyphenol according to the weight ratio of 2: 1.
And c, adding the blend into a screw extruder from a feeding port, adding the dried nano talcum powder into the screw extruder at the downstream of the screw, performing high-temperature melt extrusion, performing blow molding to form a film, and cooling to obtain the preservative film. In this step, the feed speed of the screw extruder was 1.2rpm, the temperature of the feed section was controlled at 70 ℃, and the temperature settings of the heating zones of the screw extruder are shown in table 4:
TABLE 4 temperatures of the zones heated in the screw extruder
The following performance tests were performed on the wrap films of examples 1 to 4, respectively:
1. and (3) testing tensile strength:
the samples of examples 1 to 4 were each subjected to tensile strength testing according to the method of GB/T1040.1-2006.
2. Elongation at break test:
the samples of examples 1 to 4 were each subjected to an elongation at break test according to the method of GB/T1040.1-2006.
3. And (3) testing the tearing strength:
the samples of examples 1 to 4 were each subjected to a tear strength test according to the method of GB/T16578.1-2008.
4. And (3) testing the degradation performance:
the samples of examples 1 to 4 were buried in soil by a known weight (W1) which was dried to a constant weight, respectively, in a container containing a mixture of sand, garden soil, etc. under high humidity and in a dark place, and after a lapse of time, the soil-buried samples were taken out, washed from the surface, dried to a constant weight (W2), and the degradation rate was calculated according to the calculation formula: the degradation rate is (W1-W2)/W1 multiplied by 100%.
The test results are shown in table 5:
TABLE 5 Performance testing of the cling films of examples 1-4
Therefore, the preservative film has excellent plasticity, toughness, strength and degradability, and the consumption of various additives in the raw materials is low, the consumption of modified starch is high, so that the cost is reduced while various performances of the product are improved.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A biodegradable plastic wrap is characterized in that: the health-care food is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
50-65 parts of PBAT
20-40 parts of polylactic acid
15-30 parts of modified starch
3-10 parts of biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyester
3-10 parts of methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether
2-8 parts of nano talcum powder
0.1-0.5 part of chain extender
0.2 to 0.8 portion of antioxidant
0.2-0.6 part of lubricant;
wherein the preparation process of the modified starch comprises the following steps:
according to the formula, under the condition of 20-25 ℃, cassava starch and distilled water are mixed and stirred uniformly, then glycerin and maleic anhydride are added, and are stirred continuously to form a colloidal mixture, then the mixture is placed in a water bath pot or an oil bath pot for heating and pasting, the heating temperature is 85-100 ℃, the heating time is 10-30min, viscous colloid is obtained, and then the viscous colloid is dried and crushed to obtain modified starch;
the weight ratio of the biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyester to the methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether is (0.5-2) to 1;
the average grain diameter of the nano talcum powder is 50-80 nm;
the antibacterial agent is prepared by compounding nisin and tea polyphenol according to the weight ratio of (2-3) to (1-3) in 0.8-1.5 parts by weight;
the biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyester is at least one of poly (butylene terephthalate) -co-adipate, poly (ethylene terephthalate) -co-succinate and poly (butylene terephthalate-co-succinate).
2. The biodegradable plastic wrap according to claim 1, wherein: the health-care food is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
50-60 parts of PBAT
25-35 parts of polylactic acid
15-25 parts of modified starch
5-10 parts of biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyester
5-10 parts of methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether
3-6 parts of nano talcum powder
0.1-0.5 part of chain extender
0.2 to 0.8 portion of antioxidant
0.2-0.6 part of lubricant.
3. The biodegradable plastic wrap according to claim 1, wherein: the chain extender is at least one of the commercial products ADR-4368C, ADR-4368CS and ADR-4370; the antioxidant is at least one of tert-butyl hydroquinone, catechol and hydroquinone; the lubricant is any one of zinc stearate, N' -ethylene bis stearamide and polyethylene wax.
4. A method for preparing a biodegradable plastic wrap according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step a, according to the formula amount, under the condition of 20-25 ℃, cassava starch and distilled water are mixed and uniformly stirred, then glycerin and maleic anhydride are added, the mixture is continuously stirred to form a colloidal mixture, then the colloidal mixture is placed in a water bath kettle or an oil bath kettle for heating and pasting, the heating temperature is 85-100 ℃, the heating time is 10-30min, viscous colloid is obtained, and then the viscous colloid is dried and crushed to obtain modified starch for later use;
b, respectively weighing modified starch, PBAT, polylactic acid, biodegradable aliphatic-aromatic copolyester, methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether and nano talcum powder according to the formula amount, drying for 4-5 hours at 75-85 ℃ to ensure that the water content of each component is less than or equal to 0.08%, then stirring and dry-mixing the dried components except the nano talcum powder until the components are uniform to obtain a pre-mixture, adding the chain extender, the antioxidant, the lubricant and the antibacterial agent according to the formula amount, and continuously stirring uniformly to obtain a blend;
and c, adding the blend into a screw extruder from a feeding port, adding the dried nano talcum powder into the screw extruder at the downstream of a screw, performing high-temperature melt extrusion, performing blow molding to form a film, and cooling to obtain the preservative film, wherein the temperature of each heating area of the screw extruder is as follows:
the front part of the screw: 175 ℃ and 180 ℃, the middle part of the screw: 170 ℃ and 175 ℃, rear part of the screw: 155 ℃ to 160 ℃, and the nozzle temperature to 180 ℃ to 185 ℃.
5. The method for preparing biodegradable plastic wrap according to claim 4, wherein: in the step a, the sticky colloid is baked at the temperature of 100-120 ℃ for 10-30min, and the dried solid is crushed to 100-300 meshes to obtain the modified starch.
6. The method for preparing biodegradable plastic wrap according to claim 4, wherein: in step c, the feeding speed of the screw extruder is 0.8-1.4rpm, and the temperature of the feeding section is controlled at 60-90 ℃.
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