CN109399888A - The continuous desalting and dewatering method and apparatus of oily sludge - Google Patents
The continuous desalting and dewatering method and apparatus of oily sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN109399888A CN109399888A CN201710696966.7A CN201710696966A CN109399888A CN 109399888 A CN109399888 A CN 109399888A CN 201710696966 A CN201710696966 A CN 201710696966A CN 109399888 A CN109399888 A CN 109399888A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/18—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by thermal conditioning
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
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Abstract
The present invention relates to oil-sludge treatment fields, and in particular to the continuous desalting and dewatering method and apparatus of oily sludge.The continuous desalting and dewatering method of the oily sludge include: (1) in confined conditions, oily sludge is continuously heated, obtain it is with pressure cross thermal material；(2) thermal material with pressure of crossing continuously is sent into decompression system, so that 60 weight % water vapors below in the oily sludge, obtain boil-off and salvage stores；(3) salvage stores is subjected to water-oil separating, obtains the saline sewage of the purification oil and lower layer on upper layer.Method of the invention can continuously handle oily sludge, and the water-oil separating time is short, desalting and dewatering effect is good, desalting and dewatering effect stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to oil-sludge treatment fields, and in particular to the continuous desalting and dewatering method and apparatus of oily sludge.
Background technique
Oil extraction, collection it is defeated and refining etc. processes would generally generate the distinct oily sludge of certain amount.Wherein, contain
Greasy dirt occurs mainly with the links such as drillng operation, oil recovery process, the defeated process of collection in the mechanism of oil field, with oil recovery
Difficulty increases, and the oily sludge yield of association is consequently increased, and forms huge environmental protection pressure and economic pressures to enterprise；?
During crude refining, oily sludge mostlys come from sludge from oil tank and air-flotation scum etc..Oily sludge is mainly by oil, mud
Sand, organic sludge, surfactant and a large amount of water are constituted, and have colloid, asphalt content height, poor fluidity, dopant species
More, the features such as degree of aging is serious, and emulsion stability is strong, desalting and dewatering processing difficulty is very big.Most oil refining enterprise are sent
Enter coking plant processing, but its aqueous property of excessively high saliferous will affect the even running of device, or even have security risk,
The a large amount of silts contained in oily sludge will affect coke chemicals quality.The current independent process technology that there is no maturation, and conduct
The technologies such as extraction heat, pyrolysis and the burning of Main way are required to pre-process oily sludge desalting and dewatering.Therefore, to containing greasy dirt
It is the key that realize its environmental protection treatment and resource recycling that mud, which carries out dewatering and desalting,.
The research of oily sludge dehydration is more at present, and technological means is based primarily upon chemical agent, gravitational settling, centrifugation
The technologies such as separation and combinations thereof technology.Since oily sludge viscosity is high, complicated components are changeable and contains silt, these methods are in reality
It is restricted in, if chemical agent will carry out type screening and proportion adjustment according to practical greasy filth component, specificity is too strong,
The variation of greasy filth property can not be coped with, and required gravitational settling equipment volume is huge, the processing time is longer；Centrifugation apparatus processing
Effect is limited and greasy filth in silt can damage equipment, cause dehydrating effect very poor and unstable.Utilize the strengthening processes such as flash distillation
Preferable dehydrating effect can be obtained, but cannot achieve desalination, the oil product of recycling needs again before reuse plus wash salt.?
In all kinds of new technologies, electric demulsification method and ultrasonic method are using more.
CN105923950A discloses a kind of electro-osmosis greasy filth dehydration device, use electro-osmosis technology to oily sludge into
Row dehydration, using electric field-enhanced demulsification, the salinity in oily sludge can also be removed with water, but the method can only be by water content
It is reduced to 55%, the effect is unsatisfactory.
CN104556513A discloses a kind of dirty oil dewatering process, which is made using the combination of demulsifier and ultrasonic wave
With realization breaking emulsion and dewatering.But strict control ultrasonic parameters are needed using ultrasonic treatment, it otherwise will cause local emulsification, add
Big processing difficulty does not adapt to the changeable characteristic of oily sludge property.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the low efficiency for existing oily sludge desalting and dewatering method, desalting effect are poor and de-
The defects of dehydration of salt effect is influenced vulnerable to feedstock property, oily sludge, and water-oil separating can continuously be handled by providing one kind
Time is short, desalting and dewatering effect is good, the continuous desalting and dewatering method and apparatus of the oily sludge of desalting and dewatering effect stability.
To achieve the goals above, one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of continuous desalting and dewatering method of oily sludge, the party
Method includes:
(1) in confined conditions, oily sludge is continuously heated, obtains thermal material excessively with pressure；
(2) thermal material with pressure of crossing continuously is sent into decompression system, so that 60 weights in the oily sludge
% water vapor below is measured, steam and salvage stores are obtained；
(3) salvage stores is subjected to water-oil separating, obtains the saline sewage of the purification oil and lower layer on upper layer.
Second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of continuous desalting and dewatering device of oily sludge, the device include: heater,
Screw pump and drain sump, wherein
The heater is set on the feeding line of oily sludge, in closed pipeline by oily sludge continuously
It is heated, obtains thermal material excessively with pressure；
The screw pump is used for overheat material pumping with pressure into drain sump；
Decompression system is configured in the drain sump, so as to the part with pressure crossed thermal material and water occurs in drain sump
Vaporization, obtains boil-off and salvage stores, can then keep salvage stores water-oil separating.
Third aspect present invention provides a kind of method for carrying out continuous desalting and dewatering to oily sludge using above-mentioned apparatus,
In, this method comprises:
1) in the enclosed system of feeding line, oily sludge is continuously heated using heater, is obtained with pressure
Cross thermal material；
2) thermal material with pressure of crossing continuously is pumped in the drain sump for being configured to decompression system by screw pump, so that
Water section vaporization in the oily sludge, obtains boil-off and salvage stores；
3) in the drain sump, the salvage stores is subjected to water-oil separating, obtains purification oil and the lower layer on upper layer
Saline sewage.
The continuous desalting and dewatering method and apparatus of oily sludge of the invention have the advantage that
(1) very little is influenced by oily sludge property, widely applicable and treatment effect is stablized；
(2) processing method is efficient, and operating condition is mild；
(3) device is continuous operation, and dewatering and desalting process is synchronous during pipeline material to be realized, is greatly decreased and sets
Standby volume；
(4) unit capacity can be adjusted flexibly using number of tubes in parallel, and the capacity expansion revamping simple economy of device is suitable for
Industrial application.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the signal of the continuous desalting dewatering device of oily sludge according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention
Figure.
Description of symbols
1 --- heater；2 --- screw pump；3 --- feed distributor；4 --- drain sump；
5 --- current stabilization component；6 --- overflow weir；7 --- condenser；8 --- light component return tank；
9 --- purification oil tank；10 --- catchment packet；11 --- stable chute.
Specific embodiment
The endpoint of disclosed range and any value are not limited to the accurate range or value herein, these ranges or
Value should be understood as comprising the value close to these ranges or value.For numberical range, between the endpoint value of each range, respectively
It can be combined with each other between the endpoint value of a range and individual point value, and individually between point value and obtain one or more
New numberical range, these numberical ranges should be considered as specific open herein.
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of continuous desalting and dewatering method of oily sludge, this method comprises:
(1) in confined conditions, oily sludge is continuously heated, obtains thermal material excessively with pressure；
(2) thermal material with pressure of crossing continuously is sent into decompression system, so that 60 weights in the oily sludge
% water vapor below is measured, boil-off and salvage stores are obtained；
(3) salvage stores is subjected to water-oil separating, obtains the saline sewage of the purification oil and lower layer on upper layer.
According to the present invention, the oily sludge is being sent into the transportational process before decompression system, is heated, due to this
Process is in enclosed system, and the water component in material can be made to be in superheat state with pressure, and this makes it possible to obtain overheat objects with pressure
Material.The material of this overheat is delivered in decompression system the part vaporization that water can occur, and heat of vaporization, which instantaneously takes away amount of heat, to be made
Temperature of charge is reduced to the boiling temperature of water hereinafter, water is retained in material in turn.In this course, of short duration and violent
" water-vapour-water " phase transformation can destroy oil-water interfaces stable in oily sludge, can either grease be preferably demulsified, and
Salvage stores can settle layering in a short time, obtain oily phase and salt aqueous solution phase, realize that efficient dewatering and desalting receives oily effect.
According to the present invention, the oily sludge can be any greasy filth to be processed of the brackish water of this field routine, by
This oily sludge can be for example the greasy filth of crude oil storage tank bottom sedimentation, oilfield exploitation, the greasy filth of the defeated process generation of collection and refinery
One of greasy filth that the processes such as storage and transportation, sewage treatment generate is a variety of.
Wherein, the oily sludge contains certain water content, salt content and content of impurities, the mechanical admixture example
It such as can be silt inorganic particle, composition for example can be with are as follows: water content is 20-80 weight % (for example, 20-60 weight
Measure %, 25-50 weight %, 30-45 weight %), salt content (in terms of NaCl) is 600-50000mg/L (for example, 700-
20000mg/L, 750-10000mg/L, 800-5000mg/L, 850-2000mg/L, 1000-1300mg/L), content of impurities
For 5-70 weight % (for example, 8-60 weight %, 10-50 weight %, 12-45 weight %, 15-40 weight %, 20-35 weight
Measure %), surplus is oil content.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, in the oily sludge, water content 25-40, weight %, salt
Content is 1000-1300mg NaCl/L, and content of impurities is 25-30 weight %.
According to the present invention, in step (1), heated in confined conditions, oily sludge can be made to heat
Certain vapour pressure is formed in the process, so that material can form superheat state, thus obtains thermal material excessively with pressure；Namely this hair
Bright thermal material excessively with pressure refers to have relative to water boiling point higher temperature in normal pressure or decompression system and have because of vapour pressure
Higher than the material of the air pressure of normal pressure.In order to enable the thermal material with pressure of crossing can cause water section in subsequent decompression system
Vaporization, without causing to flash, it is preferable that in step (1), the temperature with pressure for crossing thermal material is 100-180 DEG C,
Preferably 120-160 DEG C, more preferably 140-160 DEG C.The heating process is continuous process, namely device combination described as follows
Described in method, by oily sludge, continuously heated device is heated in closed pipeline, forms the overheat with pressure
Material.
According to the present invention, in step (2), the thermal material with pressure of crossing continuously is sent into decompression system, can dropped
Under laminate system, so that the water section in the oily sludge vaporizes.But the process only makes the water in brackish water crude oil waste material
Part vaporizes and incidentally goes out the light oil of part, and effect more predominantly promotes demulsification and desalination.During being somebody's turn to do, due in decompression
It is with pressure to cross the water droplet instant vaporization that overheats in thermal material in system, destroy stable oil-water interfaces, and water and part light hydrocarbon component
It is vaporizated into endothermic process, under above-mentioned overtemperature, salvage stores temperature will rapidly be reduced to the boiling point of water hereinafter, discrete water
It is mutually fused into continuous aqueous phase between drop, realizes that grease is layered and salt is washed water phase.
Wherein, under preferable case, the decompression system makes 50 weight % water vapors below in the oily sludge,
Preferably so that 30 weight % water vapors below, more preferably 10 weight % water vapors below, still more preferably 5-8 weight
Measure the water vapor of %.
According to the present invention, in the case where preferably satisfying above-mentioned vaporization effect, it is preferable that in step (2), in the decompression system
Pressure is 90-105kPa, preferably 100-102kPa, and more preferably normal pressure (such as can be with ambient atmosphere pressure, about
101.3kPa).As described below, when providing the decompression system using drain sump, drain sump can be made to be in environment
Under atmospheric pressure, the internal pressure of drain sump is perhaps made to be slightly higher than normal pressure or continue to be evacuated to slightly less than normal pressure, as long as making
Vaporization is obtained preferably to above-mentioned vaporization.
According to the present invention, above-mentioned pressure reduction can not only make the water vapor of the part in the brackish water crude oil waste material,
Also the temperature of brackish water crude oil waste material can be made to be down to water boiling point temperature below, 60-90 DEG C is preferably dropped to, is more preferably down to
70-85℃.To carry out water-oil separating at such temperatures.The time of the vaporization and temperature-fall period for example can be 1-
10s。
In accordance with the present invention it is preferred that the condition of the water-oil separating includes: that temperature is 60-90 DEG C in step (3), stop
Time is 10-120min.It is highly preferred that it is 70-85 DEG C that the condition of the water-oil separating, which includes: temperature, residence time 45-
90min.In order to keep the temperature-resistant of water-oil separating or not less than setting stratification temperature, such as steam companion can be used
The mode of thermal jacket makes the temperature in drain sump keep certain water-oil separating temperature.In the present invention, walked by both of the aforesaid
Rapid processing, so that the time of the water-oil separating greatly shortens, it can be so that brackish water crude oil under the temporal separation of shortening
The oil of waste material is mutually preferably layered with water phase, so that upper layer is just purification oil, lower layer is just brine waste.It can according to need net
Carburetion and brine waste extract respectively, with final realization separation.
, according to the invention it is preferred to which boil-off is carried out condensation process to obtain condensed water and light oil, wherein condensed water is
Lower layer, light oil are upper layer.
This method can stop under the short period in drain sump, obtain higher dehydration rate and salt rejection rate, it is preferable that should
Method makes the dehydration rate of the oily sludge be 82% or more, more preferably 90% or more；Salt rejection rate is 89% or more, more excellent
It is selected as 90% or more.
Second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of continuous desalting and dewatering device of oily sludge, which includes: heating
Device 1, screw pump 2 and drain sump 4, wherein
The heater 1 is set on the feeding line of oily sludge, in closed pipeline that oily sludge is continuous
Ground is heated, and thermal material excessively with pressure is obtained；
The screw pump 2 is used for overheat material pumping with pressure into drain sump 4；
It is configured to decompression system in the drain sump 4, so as to the portion with pressure crossed thermal material and water occurs in drain sump 4
Divide vaporization, obtains boil-off and salvage stores, can then keep salvage stores water-oil separating.
According to the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the heater 1 is set on the feeding line of oily sludge, and is located at spiral shell
Bar pump 2 before so that by heater 1 oily sludge can in-line provide enclosed system in be continuously completed plus
Heat obtains thermal material excessively with pressure.
Wherein, the heater 1 in the duct can heat oily sludge for conventional can be realized in this field
Any heating device and heating method, such as can for electric heater for pipeline (i.e. conveying oily sludge section of tubing setting
For hot type pipeline), perhaps heat exchanger is set so as to such as hot steam or thermally conductive in the section of tubing peripheral hardware of conveying oily sludge
Oily heating pipe and its oily sludge of inside.
According to the present invention, the screw pump 2 can make the thermal material with pressure of crossing be pumped to the state of pressure-maintaining and heat-preservation
In drain sump 1.The screw pump 2 can control the processing flow velocity of oily sludge and the pressure in pipeline kept to stablize, and list can be used
Screw type or double-screw type.It, can be right after the heated device 1 of oily sludge in order to keep temperature and pressure in pipeline to stablize
Heat preservation component is set along road pipeline, is well kept the temperature so that material flows through pipeline.
In order to preferably avoid flow-disturbing, it is preferable that be configured with stable chute 11, the stable chute in the drain sump 4
11 are located at overheat material inlet with pressure, and current stabilization component 5 is provided in the stable chute 11 to press through for settlement section band
Silt and stable charging in thermal material.The current stabilization component 5 is preferably partition form (such as setting 1-3 block partition), is being dehydrated
U-shaped runner is formed in tank entrance and stable chute 11.In order to exclude silt, spoil disposal can also be set in 11 bottom of stable chute
Mouthful, for the bulk silt of sedimentation to be discharged, and aperture is regulated and controled by mud valve.
According to the present invention, the drain sump 4 is also provided with feed distributor 3, for thermal material excessively with pressure
Charging is controlled.The feed distributor 3 is set at the overheat material inlet with pressure of the drain sump 4, and downward to current stabilization
Thermal material excessively with pressure is steadily provided in slot 11.The feed distributor 3 is used cooperatively with stable chute 11, can preferably keep place
Oily sludge advection after reason enters in 4 main body of drain sump, and greasy filth is avoided to emulsify again because of duct injection.The feed distributor 3
It can be the various fluid distributors of this field routine, such as can be hole pipe distributor.
The construction of the drain sump 4 is preferably horizontal, and in order to preferably isolate the saline sewage of lower layer, excellent
The bottom of drain sump 1 is configured to pyramidal structure by choosing, and can be used in the end of the pyramidal structure pack arrangement 10 that is set as catchmenting
Lower layer's saline sewage that the salvage stores water-oil separating after vaporizing in the drain sump 1 obtains is stored, thus saline sewage enters
Catchment packet 10, and can be from the saline sewage outlet discharge for 10 bottoms of packet of catchmenting.
According to the present invention, oily in order to continuously and stably collect upper layer purification in drain sump 4, it is preferable that the dehydration
Overflow weir 6 is provided in tank 4, the overflow weir 6 is located at the purification oil export of drain sump 4, to make purification oil continuously
At 6 overflow of overflow weir to purification oil export.It should be understood that overheat material inlet with pressure and purification oil export distinguish position
In the opposite both ends of the drain sump 4, so that overflow weir 6 is configured at the drain sump 4 opposite with overheat material inlet
One end, such 4 upper layer of drain sump purify oil by overflow into overflow weir 6, by net on the drain sump 4 of 6 lower part of overflow weir
Carburetion outlet discharge.For this purpose, the device can also include purification oil tank 9, for storing after vaporizing in the drain sump 1
Salvage stores water-oil separating obtain upper layer purification oil.The purification oil tank 9 is the dress independently of the outside of the drain sump 1
It sets, only the inlet communication of the purification oil export of the drain sump 1 and the purification oil tank 9.
In order to collect boil-off, described device can also include light component return tank 8 and condenser 7, wherein institute
It states boil-off of the condenser 7 for coming out to the drain sump 4 and carries out condensation process, it is described to obtain condensed water and light oil
Light component return tank 8 is then for storing the resulting condensed water of the condensation process and light oil.
It in a preferred embodiment of the invention, is normal pressure system in the drain sump 1, thus, it is possible to pass through
Condenser 7 is connected into open to atmosphere mode, to keep in drain sump 1 as normal pressure.
Third aspect present invention provides a kind of method for carrying out continuous desalting and dewatering to oily sludge using above-mentioned apparatus,
In, this method comprises:
1) in the enclosed system of feeding line, oily sludge is continuously heated using heater 1, is obtained with pressure
Cross thermal material；
2) thermal material with pressure of crossing continuously is pumped in the drain sump 4 for being configured to decompression system by screw pump 2, so that
60 weight % water vapors below in the oily sludge are obtained, boil-off and salvage stores are obtained；
3) in the drain sump 4, the salvage stores is subjected to water-oil separating, obtains purification oil and the lower layer on upper layer
Saline sewage.
The condition of this method is with configuration as desalting and dewatering method hereinbefore, and the device used is also as hereinbefore
Device is the same, and details are not described herein by the present invention.
In the case where cooperating above-mentioned apparatus, this method be continous way processing method, also oily sludge can continuously be sent to
In the device of the invention, desalting and dewatering is carried out through method of the invention.
The present invention will be described in detail by way of examples below.
In following embodiment, the desalting dewatering device of oily sludge shown in FIG. 1 includes: heater 1 (for pipeline electric heating
Device), it is screw pump 2 (single-bolt type), the drain sump 4 (being provided with steam tracing collet, be not shown) of horizontal type structure, condenser 7, light
Component backflow tank 8 and purification oil tank 9；Wherein, the discharge end of the heater 1 is connected to the feed end of screw pump 2, the spiral shell
The discharge end of bar pump 2 is connected to the overheat material inlet with pressure of the drain sump 4；One of the drain sump 4 is provided with pressure
Material inlet is overheated, opposite other end is provided with purification oil export；Wherein, thermal material entrance is set in the drain sump 4
It is equipped with stable chute 11, is provided with two pieces of current stabilization baffles 5, U-shaped runner, and U-shaped runner bottom will be divided into stable chute 11
Portion is set as pyramidal structure to store silt, and mud discharging mouth and mud valve is arranged in the pyramidal structure end；Also, it is described with pressure
Overheat material inlet is connected to feed distributor 3, and the spray mouth down of feed distributor 3 provides material in stable chute 11, and
It is entered in 4 main body of drain sump through U-shaped runner；The bottom of 4 main body of drain sump is also configured as pyramidal structure, and in taper knot
The packet 10 that catchments is arranged in the end of structure, and exports in 10 bottoms of the packet setting saline sewage that catchments；Purification oil in the drain sump 4 goes out
Be provided with overflow weir 6 at mouthful, and purify the lower end that oil export is located at overflow weir 6, convenient for overflow enter the purification oil in overflow weir 6 by
Outlet discharge；Purification oil export in the drain sump 4 is connected to the purification oil-in of purification oil tank 9；The drain sump 4
The boil-off outlet at top be connected to the vapour inlet of light component return tank 8, the overhead vapor of light component return tank 8 export and
The vapour inlet of condenser 7 is connected to, and the steam flow channel of condenser 7 is communicated with the atmosphere.
The measuring method of the water content of greasy filth are as follows: GB/T 8929-2006.
The measuring method of the salt content of greasy filth are as follows: SY/T 0536-2008.
Dehydration rate is (water content/raw material water content of 1- purification oil) × 100%.
Salt rejection rate is (salt content/raw material salt content of 1- purification oil) × 100%.
Embodiment 1
The embodiment is for illustrating oily sludge desalting and dewatering method of the invention.
Using device shown in FIG. 1, by oil recovery greasy filth, (30 weight % of water content, salt content are 1258mg NaCl/L, machine
Tool impurity content is 27.4 weight %, and surplus is oil content), with the flow of 1.5kg/h continuously in the obturator of feed-line
Heated device 1 heats in system, obtains temperature and is that 160 DEG C with pressure crosses thermal material, and after through the continuous ground pump of 2 heat-insulation pressure keeping of screw pump
It send into drain sump 4, the feed distributor 3 of entrance is sprayed in the stable chute 11 being arranged at this, and is entered through U-shaped runner
In 4 main body of drain sump in normal pressure system (about 101.3kPa), so that with pressure cross thermal material instant vaporization, boil-off is through cold
Condenser 7 condenses, and (condensed water collected in light component return tank 6 accounts for processing by the component of the collection condensation of light component return tank 6
6 weight % of water in greasy filth)；Material in drain sump 4 then keeps carrying out water-oil separating (residence time 90min) at 70 DEG C,
Can from the outlet at bottom of drain sump 4 be discharged saline sewage, and will purification oil through overflow weir 6 with the flow of 1.5kg/h continuously
It send into purification oil tank 9.
Wherein, the water content of resulting purification oil is 2.5 weight %, dehydration rate 91.7%；Salt content is 121.7mg
NaCl/L, salt rejection rate 90.3%.
Embodiment 2
The embodiment is for illustrating oily sludge desalting and dewatering method of the invention.
According to method described in embodiment 1, the difference is that:
The heated device 1 of greasy filth heats, and the thermal material excessively with pressure that temperature is 150 DEG C is obtained, after vaporization in light component return tank 6
The condensed water of collection accounts for 5 aqueous weight % of oily sludge；
Material in drain sump 4 then keeps carrying out water-oil separating at 80 DEG C, residence time 80min.
Wherein, the water content of resulting purification oil is 2.3 weight %, dehydration rate 92.5%；Salt content is 110.7mg
NaCl/L, salt rejection rate 91.2%.
Embodiment 3
The embodiment is for illustrating oily sludge desalting and dewatering method of the invention.
According to method described in embodiment 1, the difference is that, the greasy filth of processing is refinery's oil tank mechanical cleaning greasy filth, is contained
Water is 24.9 weight %, and salt content is 847mg NaCl/L, and mechanical admixture is 45 weight %, and surplus is oil content；
Wherein, the water content of resulting purification oil is 4.4 weight %, dehydration rate 82.3%；Salt content is 91.7mg
NaCl/L, salt rejection rate 89.2%.
Embodiment 4
The embodiment is for illustrating oily sludge desalting and dewatering method of the invention.
According to method described in embodiment 1, the difference is that, heater 1 heats, and obtains the overheat with pressure that temperature is 110 DEG C
Material, the condensed water collected in light component return tank 6 after vaporization account for 2.5 aqueous weight % of oily sludge.
To which the water content of gained purification oil is 9 weight %, dehydration rate 70%；Salt content is 437mg NaCl/L, is taken off
Salt rate is 65.3%.
Embodiment 5
The embodiment is used to illustrate the desalting and dewatering method of oily sludge of the invention.
According to method described in embodiment 1, the difference is that, heater 1 heats, and obtaining temperature is 180 DEG C, light group after vaporization
The condensed water collected in return tank 6 is divided to account for 58 aqueous weight % of oily sludge.
To which the water content of gained purification oil is 1.7 weight %, dehydration rate 94.3%；Salt content is 517mg NaCl/
L, salt rejection rate 58.9%.
Embodiment 6
The embodiment is used to illustrate the desalting and dewatering method of brackish water crude oil waste material of the invention.
According to method described in embodiment 1, the difference is that, drain sump 4 keeps carrying out water-oil separating at 60 DEG C after vaporization.
To which the water content of gained purification oil is 4.3 weight %, dehydration rate 85.6%；Salt content is 246.6mg
NaCl/L, salt rejection rate 80.4%.
Embodiment 7
The embodiment is used to illustrate the desalting and dewatering method of brackish water crude oil waste material of the invention.
According to method described in embodiment 1, the difference is that, the material after vaporization in drain sump 4 keeps 70 DEG C of progress greases
The isolated residence time is 30min.
To which the water content of gained purification oil is 8.4 weight %, dehydration rate 72%；Salt content is 415mg NaCl/L,
Salt rejection rate is 67%.
Comparative example 1
According to method described in embodiment 1, the difference is that, heater 1 heats, and obtains the overheat with pressure that temperature is 240 DEG C
Material, the condensed water collected in light component return tank 6 after vaporization account for 80 weight % of the water of sump oil.
To which the water content of gained purification oil is 1.1 weight %, dehydration rate 96.3%；Salt content is 1217mg NaCl/
L, salt rejection rate 3.3%.
By example above as can be seen that method of the invention can stop under the short period in drain sump, taken off
The extraordinary purification oil of water desalination effect, especially under the conditions of currently preferred, better effect.Wherein, dehydration rate is for example
It can achieve 82% or more, salt rejection rate for example can achieve 89% or more.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above in detail, and still, the present invention is not limited thereto.In skill of the invention
In art conception range, can with various simple variants of the technical solution of the present invention are made, including each technical characteristic with it is any its
Its suitable method is combined, and it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention for these simple variants and combination, is belonged to
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of continuous desalting and dewatering method of oily sludge, which is characterized in that this method comprises:
(1) in confined conditions, oily sludge is continuously heated, obtains thermal material excessively with pressure；
(2) thermal material with pressure of crossing continuously is sent into decompression system, so that 60 weight % in the oily sludge
Water vapor below, obtains boil-off and salvage stores；
(3) salvage stores is subjected to water-oil separating, obtains the saline sewage of the purification oil and lower layer on upper layer.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, in step (1), the temperature with pressure for crossing thermal material is 100-180
DEG C, preferably 120-160 DEG C.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step (2), the decompression system makes the oily sludge
In 50 weight % water vapors below, it is preferable that 30 weight % water vapors below, more preferably 10 weight % are below
Water vapor.
4. method described in any one of -3 according to claim 1, wherein the pressure in step (2), in the decompression system
For 90-105kPa, preferably 100-102kPa, more preferably normal pressure.
5. method described in any one of -4 according to claim 1, wherein in step (3), the condition packet of the water-oil separating
Include: temperature is 60-90 DEG C, residence time 10-120min；
Preferably, it is 70-85 DEG C that the condition of the water-oil separating, which includes: temperature, residence time 45-90min.
6. method described in any one of -5 according to claim 1, wherein step (2) further include by the boil-off into
Row condensation process is to obtain condensed water and light oil.
7. method described in any one of -6 according to claim 1, wherein this method makes the dehydration rate of the oily sludge
It is 82% or more, salt rejection rate is 89% or more.
8. a kind of continuous desalting and dewatering device of oily sludge, which is characterized in that the device includes: heater (1), screw pump
(2) and drain sump (4), wherein
The heater (1) is set on the feeding line of oily sludge, in closed pipeline by oily sludge continuously
It is heated, obtains thermal material excessively with pressure；
The screw pump (2) is used for overheat material pumping with pressure into drain sump (4)；
It is configured to decompression system in the drain sump (4), so as to the portion with pressure crossed thermal material and water occurs in drain sump (4)
Divide vaporization, obtains boil-off and salvage stores, can then keep salvage stores water-oil separating.
9. device according to claim 8, wherein described device further includes light component return tank (8) and condenser (7),
Wherein, the condenser (7) is used to carry out condensation process to the boil-off that the drain sump (4) come out, to obtain condensed water
And light oil, the light component return tank (8) is then for storing the resulting condensed water of the condensation process and light oil.
10. device according to claim 8 or claim 9, wherein stable chute (11) are configured in the drain sump (4), it is described steady
Chute (11) is located at overheat material inlet with pressure, and current stabilization component (5) is provided in the stable chute (11) for settling
The part silt with pressure crossed in thermal material simultaneously stablizes charging.
11. the device according to any one of claim 8-10, wherein be provided with overflow weir in the drain sump (4)
(6), the overflow weir (6) is located at the purification oil export of drain sump (4), to make purification oil continually by overflow weir
(6) at overflow to purification oil export.
12. the device according to claim 8 or 11, wherein the device further includes purification oil tank (9), for storing
From the upper layer that the salvage stores water-oil separating after vaporization in the drain sump (1) obtains purification oil；
Preferably, catchment packet (10) are additionally provided in the drain sump (4), for storing in the drain sump (1) after vaporization
The obtained lower layer's saline sewage of salvage stores water-oil separating.
13. a kind of side for carrying out continuous desalting and dewatering to oily sludge using device described in any one of claim 8-12
Method, wherein this method comprises:
1) in the enclosed system of feeding line, oily sludge is continuously heated using heater (1), band is obtained and presses through
Thermal material；
2) thermal material with pressure of crossing continuously is pumped in the drain sump (4) for being configured to decompression system by screw pump (2), so that
60 weight % water vapors below in the oily sludge are obtained, boil-off and salvage stores are obtained；
3) in the drain sump (4), the salvage stores is subjected to water-oil separating, obtains the purification oil on upper layer and containing for lower layer
Salt sewage.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113637499A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-12 | 长江三星能源科技股份有限公司 | Centralized treatment system and treatment process for water-containing sump oil of oil refinery |
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| CN113637499A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-12 | 长江三星能源科技股份有限公司 | Centralized treatment system and treatment process for water-containing sump oil of oil refinery |
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