CN109396876B

CN109396876B - Installation positioning clamping device

Info

Publication number: CN109396876B
Application number: CN201811509253.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张书生; 冷军; 梁岱春; 孙晋豪
Original assignee: AVIC Beijing Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Research Institute
Current assignee: AVIC Beijing Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Research Institute
Priority date: 2018-12-11
Filing date: 2018-12-11
Publication date: 2020-10-30
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-11
Also published as: CN109396876A

Abstract

The invention provides an installation positioning clamping device which comprises a supporting plate and a tensioning mechanism, wherein a boss is arranged at the top of the supporting plate and used for supporting a part to be machined, a through hole is formed in the boss, a blind rivet at the bottom of the part to be machined penetrates through the through hole to be connected with the tensioning mechanism, and the tensioning mechanism is used for tensioning the blind rivet at the bottom of the part to be machined downwards. The part to be machined is stably fixed on the supporting plate through the downward tensioning force, so that the part to be machined can be conveniently machined by a machine tool. The invention can save the installation and fixation time of the parts to be processed, is suitable for the processing application of the parts manufactured in batches, and is particularly suitable for the automatic clamping and dismounting process of the parts on a numerical control processing center.

Description

Installation positioning clamping device

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of machining, in particular to an installation, positioning and clamping device.

Background

The existing joint part processing generally adopts a mechanical combined clamp, and a part is fixed on a machine tool combined clamp in a pressing plate screw mode by adopting a pressing plate clamp. Usually manual operation, and is suitable for processing on a common manual machine tool. The combined clamp occupies a large space, can generally finish the processing of only one specific position after clamping parts, and is not suitable for the operation on the existing multi-coordinate processing center.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve one of the above technical problems, the present invention provides an installation positioning and clamping device.

The embodiment of the invention provides an installation positioning clamping device which comprises a supporting plate and a tensioning mechanism, wherein a boss is arranged at the top of the supporting plate and used for supporting a part to be machined, a through hole is formed in the boss, a blind rivet at the bottom of the part to be machined penetrates through the through hole to be connected with the tensioning mechanism, and the tensioning mechanism is used for tensioning the blind rivet at the bottom of the part to be machined downwards.

Preferably, the support plate is mounted on top of a box in which the tensioning mechanism is disposed.

Preferably, the tensioning mechanism comprises an oil cylinder body and a pull claw mechanism, the pull claw mechanism is connected with a pull nail at the bottom of the part to be processed, and the oil cylinder body is used for tensioning the pull claw mechanism downwards so as to drive the pull nail to be tensioned downwards.

Preferably, the hydro-cylinder body includes cylinder body, piston rod, hydro-cylinder lid and first spring, the cylinder body is located under the through-hole of backup pad top boss, the top of cylinder body is provided with the oil tank cap, the through-hole has been seted up at the center of hydro-cylinder lid, the piston rod passes in the through-hole of hydro-cylinder lid inserts the cylinder body, the top of piston rod is connected and is drawn claw mechanism, be provided with compressible first spring between the bottom of piston rod place piston and the cylinder body bottom, the oilhole has been seted up on the lateral wall of cylinder body epicoele, the oilhole passes through oil pipe and oil pump connection.

Preferably, the pull claw mechanism comprises a sleeve and a pull claw, the sleeve is arranged in the through hole of the boss, a gap is reserved between the sleeve and the support plate, the pull claw is arranged in the sleeve, the bottom of the pull claw is connected with the top of the piston rod, the pull claw comprises a first half claw and a second half claw, symmetrical grooves are formed in one side, opposite to the first half claw and the second half claw, the inner surface of each groove is matched with the outer surface of a pull nail at the bottom of a part to be processed, a radially-retractable O-shaped ring type second spring is wound at the bottom of the first half claw and the bottom of the second half claw, and the first half claw and the second half claw are folded or separated through the second spring.

Preferably, the pull claw mechanism further comprises a pull claw cover, the pull claw cover is arranged in a gap between the sleeve and the support plate, a gap is reserved between the pull claw cover and the pull claw, a through hole is formed in the pull claw cover, and the pull nail penetrates through the through hole in the pull claw cover and enters a gap formed by grooves of the first half claw and the second half claw.

Preferably, the radius of the middle part of the blind rivet is smaller than the radius of the two ends, and the depth of the upper part of the groove in the first half claw and the second half claw is smaller than that of the lower part.

Preferably, the pull claw mechanism further comprises a pull claw cover movable door, the pull claw cover is a cover body with an n-shaped section, the top surface of the pull claw cover is provided with a through hole, the left side and the right side below the top surface of the pull claw cover are provided with symmetrical pull claw cover movable doors, gaps are reserved between the two pull claw cover movable doors and the pull claws, one side of the two sliding claw cover movable doors close to the side surfaces of the sliding claw covers is provided with a groove in the horizontal direction, an O-shaped ring type third spring is wound in the groove, one side of the pull claw cover movable door, which is far away from the side surface of the pull claw cover, takes the third spring as an axis to do curvilinear motion vertical to the direction of the third spring, the pull nails sequentially penetrate through the through holes in the pull claw covers and the gaps between the two pull claw cover movable doors and then enter the gaps formed by the grooves of the first half claw and the second half claw.

Preferably, the device further comprises a supporting block and a screw rod, wherein a plurality of supporting blocks are distributed around the boss, the supporting block is fixed on the supporting plate, a horizontal through hole is formed in the side wall of the supporting block, the horizontal through hole is perpendicular to the side face of the boss closest to the position where the supporting block is fixed, a horizontal screw rod is arranged in the horizontal through hole, a vertical through hole communicated with the horizontal through hole is formed in the top of the supporting block, a vertical screw rod is arranged in the vertical through hole, and the vertical screw rod moves in the vertical direction in the vertical through hole.

Preferably, the boss and the tensioning mechanism are both plural.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: the part to be machined is stably fixed on the supporting plate through the downward tensioning force, so that the part to be machined can be conveniently machined by a machine tool. The invention can save the installation and fixation time of the parts to be processed, is suitable for the processing application of the parts manufactured in batches, and is particularly suitable for the automatic clamping and dismounting process of the parts on a numerical control processing center.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an installation positioning and clamping device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 2;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a structure of a part to be machined.

Reference numerals:

1. the device comprises a supporting plate, 2, a boss, 3, a box body, 4, a supporting block, 5, a horizontal screw, 6, a vertical screw, 7, a cylinder body, 8, an oil cylinder cover, 9, a piston rod, 10, a first spring, 11, a sleeve, 12, a first half claw, 13, a second half claw, 14, a second spring, 15, a pulling claw cover, 16, a pulling claw cover movable door, 17, a third spring, 18, a pulling nail, 19 and a part to be processed.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the following further detailed description of the exemplary embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings makes it clear that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and are not exhaustive of all embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides an installation positioning clamping device, the device includes a supporting plate 1 and a tensioning mechanism, a boss 2 is disposed on the top of the supporting plate 1, the boss 2 is used for supporting a part 19 to be processed, a through hole is disposed on the boss 2, a blind rivet 18 at the bottom of the part 19 to be processed passes through the through hole and is connected with the tensioning mechanism, and the tensioning mechanism is used for tensioning the blind rivet 18 at the bottom of the part 19 to be processed downwards.

Specifically, the mounting, positioning and clamping device provided in the present embodiment may be an integrated box structure. The supporting plate 1 serves as the top of the case 3, and the tightening mechanism is provided in the case 3. The support plate 1 is provided with bosses 2, and the number of the bosses 2 can be determined according to the structure of the part 19 to be processed. For example, as shown in fig. 4, the part 19 to be machined may have two bottom surfaces corresponding to the same side or four bosses 2 corresponding to one bottom surface. At least one tensioning mechanism is arranged below each boss 2. The boss 2 is provided with a through hole in the vertical direction. The bottom of the part 19 to be processed can be provided with a blind rivet 18, and the blind rivet 18 passes through the through hole of the boss 2 to be connected with the tensioning mechanism. So that the tensioning mechanism can tension the blind rivet 18 downwards and further fix the part 19 to be processed on the supporting plate 1 firmly.

In order to further stabilize the part 19 to be processed, in this embodiment, a plurality of supporting blocks 4 may be disposed around the boss 2, the supporting blocks 4 are fixed on the supporting plate 1, a horizontal through hole is formed in a side wall of each supporting block 4, the horizontal through hole is perpendicular to a side surface of the boss 2 closest to a position where the supporting block 4 is fixed, a horizontal screw 5 is disposed in the horizontal through hole, a vertical through hole communicated with the horizontal through hole is formed in a top of each supporting block 4, a vertical screw 6 is disposed in the vertical through hole, and the vertical screw 6 moves in the vertical direction in the vertical through hole. That is, after the part 19 to be machined is placed on the boss 2, it may be pressed against the surface of the part 19 to be machined by the horizontal screw 5. The horizontal screw 5 is then pressed by the vertical screw 6 so that the part 19 to be machined can be placed smoothly in the area enclosed by the support blocks 4.

Further, the tensioning mechanism of this embodiment includes the hydro-cylinder body and draws the claw mechanism, draw the claw mechanism to be connected with the blind rivet 18 of waiting to process 19 bottoms, the hydro-cylinder body is used for drawing the claw mechanism downwards taut and then drive the blind rivet 18 is taut downwards.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, this oil cylinder body includes cylinder body 7, piston rod 9, oil cylinder cover 8 and first spring 10, cylinder body 7 is located under the through-hole of 1 top boss 2 of backup pad, the top of cylinder body 7 is provided with the oil tank cap, the through-hole has been seted up at oil cylinder cover 8's center, piston rod 9 passes in oil cylinder cover 8's through-hole inserts cylinder body 7, the top of piston rod 9 is connected and is drawn claw mechanism, be provided with first spring 10 between 9 bottoms of piston rod and the 7 bottoms of cylinder body, first spring 10 is compression spring, the oilhole has been seted up on the lateral wall of the cylinder body 7 epicoele, the oilhole passes through oil pipe and oil pump connection.

As shown in fig. 3, the pull claw mechanism includes a sleeve 11 and a pull claw, the sleeve 11 is disposed in the through hole of the boss 2, a gap is left between the sleeve 11 and the support plate 1, the pull claw is disposed in the sleeve 11, the bottom of the pull claw is connected to the top of the piston rod 9, the pull claw includes a first half claw 12 and a second half claw 13, symmetrical grooves are formed on opposite sides of the first half claw 12 and the second half claw 13, inner surfaces of the grooves are matched with an outer surface of a pull nail 18 at the bottom of a part 19 to be machined, a second spring 14 is wound around the bottoms of the first half claw 12 and the second half claw 13, the second spring 14 is an O-ring spring capable of radially contracting, and the first half claw 12 and the second half claw 13 are moved together or apart by the second spring 14.

The oil tank cover and the cylinder body 7 can be fixedly connected in a threaded connection mode, and the piston rod 9 and the pull claw can be connected in a threaded connection mode. The connection between the first half-claw 12 and the second half-claw 13 through the second spring 14 can effectively limit the relative moving area of the first half-claw 12 and the second half-claw 13. In addition, in the present embodiment, a protruding structure may be provided at a portion of the first and second half-

claws

12 and 13 near the sleeve 11, and a slope may be provided at a lower edge of the protruding structure. At the same time, it is ensured that the distance between the outer edges of the two projecting structures is kept equal to or slightly less than the inner diameter of the sleeve 11. In the state where the tightening work is not performed, the protruding structures of the tops of the first half-jaw 12 and the second half-jaw 13 may be located in the gap between the sleeve 11 and the support plate 1. Thereby increasing the distance between the first jaw half 12 and the second jaw half 13 to allow the blind rivet 18 to be easily accessed between the first jaw half 12 and the second jaw half 13. When the piston rod 9 drives the first half claw 12 and the second half claw 13 to move downwards, due to the action of the lower edge of the protruding structure, the first half claw 12 and the second half claw 13 can smoothly enter the sleeve 11 while being mutually folded, so that the first half claw 12 and the second half claw 13 are pressed, and the distance between the first half claw 12 and the second half claw 13 is reduced. Meanwhile, after the blind rivet 18 is inserted into the blind rivet, the area surrounded by the groove in the blind rivet can clamp the blind rivet 18. This requires a snap-fit connection between the pull claw and the pull stud 18. The pull stud 18 in this embodiment may have a structure with two wide ends and a narrow middle, and correspondingly, the area surrounded by the groove in the pull stud may have a narrow upper portion and a wide lower portion. Thus, after the first jaw half 12 and the second jaw half 13 are closed, the narrower upper region can catch the wider lower portion of the blind rivet 18.

When the device of the embodiment is to pull and fasten the part 19 to be processed, the blind rivet 18 is firstly arranged on the top of the part 19 to be processed, and the blind rivet 18 can smoothly enter and exit the blind rivet because the first half claw 12 and the second half claw 13 are not subjected to the downward pulling force exerted by the piston rod 9. The blind rivet 18 is then inserted into the area enclosed by the recess in the first jaw half 12 and the recess in the second jaw half 13. The shape of this region may be matched as closely as possible to the shape of the blind rivet 18. Therefore, when the oil pump fills pressure oil into the upper part of the cylinder body 7, under the action of liquid pressure, the first spring 10 can deform to drive the piston rod 9 to move downwards, and the top of the piston rod 9 is connected with the pull claw, so that the piston rod 9 can drive the pull claw to move downwards together, and the pull claw clamps the inserted pull nail 18 and then enables the pull nail 18 at the bottom of the part 19 to be processed to move downwards, so that the pressure between the part 19 to be processed and the boss 2 is increased, and the purpose of tensioning the part 19 to be processed is achieved.

When the device of the embodiment is to detach the part 19 to be machined, the liquid in the cylinder 7 is pumped out by the oil pump, the first spring 10 is deformed again, the piston rod 9 moves upwards, and the first half claw 12 and the second half claw 13 move upwards to separate. At this time, the distance between the first half-claw 12 and the second half-claw 13 is increased, and the draw bar can be drawn out from between the first half-claw 12 and the second half-claw 13, thereby completing the detachment of the part 19 to be machined.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, the pull claw mechanism of this embodiment further includes a pull claw cover 15, the pull claw cover 15 is disposed in a gap between the sleeve 11 and the support plate 1, a gap is left between the pull claw cover 15 and the pull claw, a through hole is formed in the pull claw cover 15, and the pull nail 18 passes through the through hole in the pull claw cover 15 and enters a gap formed by the grooves of the first half claw 12 and the second half claw 13.

Specifically, the pull tab cover 15 of the present embodiment is a cover body with an n-shaped cross section, a through hole is formed on the top surface of the pull tab cover 15, the left side and the right side below the top surface of the pull claw cover 15 are provided with symmetrical pull claw cover movable doors 16, gaps are reserved between the two pull claw cover movable doors 16 and the pull claws, one side of the two pull claw cover movable doors 16 close to the side surface of the pull claw cover 15 is provided with a groove in the horizontal direction, a third spring 17 is arranged in the groove, one side of the pull claw cover movable door 16 far away from the side surface of the pull claw cover 15 makes a curve motion in a direction vertical to the third spring 17 by taking the third spring 17 as an axle center, the pull nails 18 sequentially pass through the through holes on the pull claw covers 15 and the gaps between the two pull claw cover movable doors 16 and then enter the gaps formed by the grooves of the first half claw 12 and the second half claw 13.

The pull tab cover door 16 of the present embodiment can be opened or closed in response to the movement of the pull tab 18. For example, if the rivet 18 touches the top surface of the cover-pull-tab door 16 during the insertion of the rivet 18, the top surface of the cover-pull-tab door 16 is further provided with a slope, which is disposed at a position toward the center of the cover-pull-tab door 16, and the height of the slope gradually decreases from the edge to the center. The pull claw cover movable door 16 is pressed on the inclined surface by the pull nail 18, the pull claw cover movable door 16 can horizontally move along the radial direction, the pull claw cover movable door 16 is squeezed to be opened, the distance between the two pull claw cover movable doors 16 is increased, and finally the pull nail 18 is smoothly inserted into the pull claw. When the pull stud 18 needs to be pulled out of the pull claw, the third spring 17 on the pull claw cover movable door 16 is closed and closed towards the center, so that the pull claw cover movable door 16 is restored to the original shape.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.

Claims

1. The mounting, positioning and clamping device is characterized by comprising a supporting plate and a tensioning mechanism, wherein a boss is arranged at the top of the supporting plate and used for supporting a part to be machined, a through hole is formed in the boss, a blind rivet at the bottom of the part to be machined penetrates through the through hole to be connected with the tensioning mechanism, and the tensioning mechanism is used for tensioning the blind rivet at the bottom of the part to be machined downwards;

the tensioning mechanism comprises an oil cylinder body and a pull claw mechanism, the pull claw mechanism is connected with a pull nail at the bottom of the part to be processed, and the oil cylinder body is used for tensioning the pull claw mechanism downwards so as to drive the pull nail to be tensioned downwards;

the oil cylinder body comprises a cylinder body, a piston rod, an oil cylinder cover and a first spring, the cylinder body is positioned under a through hole of a boss at the top of the supporting plate, the top of the cylinder body is provided with an oil tank cover, the center of the oil cylinder cover is provided with the through hole, the piston rod penetrates through the through hole of the oil cylinder cover and is inserted into the cylinder body, the top of the piston rod is connected with a pull claw mechanism, the first spring which can be compressed is arranged between the bottom of the piston where the piston rod is positioned and the bottom of the cylinder body, the side wall of the upper cavity of the cylinder body is provided with an oil hole;

the pull claw mechanism comprises a sleeve and a pull claw, the sleeve is arranged in a through hole of the boss, a gap is reserved between the sleeve and the supporting plate, the pull claw is arranged in the sleeve, the bottom of the pull claw is connected with the top of the piston rod, the pull claw comprises a first half claw and a second half claw, symmetrical grooves are formed in one side, opposite to the first half claw and the second half claw, the inner surface of each groove is matched with the outer surface of a pull nail at the bottom of a part to be processed, second springs in an O-shaped ring type and capable of radially contracting are wound at the bottoms of the first half claw and the second half claw, and the first half claw and the second half claw are folded or separated through the second springs;

the pull claw mechanism further comprises a pull claw cover, the pull claw cover is arranged in a gap between the sleeve and the support plate, a gap is reserved between the pull claw cover and the pull claw, a through hole is formed in the pull claw cover, and the pull nail penetrates through the through hole in the pull claw cover and enters a gap formed by grooves of the first half claw and the second half claw;

the pull claw mechanism also comprises a pull claw cover movable door, the pull claw cover is a cover body with an n-shaped section, the top surface of the pull claw cover is provided with a through hole, the left side and the right side below the top surface of the pull claw cover are provided with symmetrical pull claw cover movable doors, gaps are reserved between the two pull claw cover movable doors and the pull claw, one side of the two pull claw cover movable doors, which is close to the side surface of the pull claw cover, is provided with a groove in the horizontal direction, an O-shaped ring type third spring is wound in the groove, one side of the pull claw cover movable door, which is far away from the side surface of the pull claw cover, takes the third spring as an axis to do curvilinear motion vertical to the direction of the third spring, the pull nails sequentially penetrate through the through holes in the pull claw covers and the gaps between the two pull claw cover movable doors and then enter the gaps formed by the grooves of the first half claw and the second half claw.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the support plate is mounted on top of a case, the take-up mechanism being disposed in the case.

3. The device of claim 1, wherein the pull stud has a central radius less than the two end radii, and wherein the depth of the upper portion of the recess in the first and second halves is less than the depth of the lower portion.

4. The device according to claim 1, further comprising a support block and a screw, wherein a plurality of support blocks are distributed around the boss, the support block is fixed on the support plate, a horizontal through hole is formed in a side wall of the support block, the horizontal through hole is perpendicular to a side face of the boss closest to the position where the support block is fixed, a horizontal screw is arranged in the horizontal through hole, a vertical through hole communicated with the horizontal through hole is formed in the top of the support block, a vertical screw is arranged in the vertical through hole, and the vertical screw moves in the vertical direction in the vertical through hole.

5. The device of claim 1, wherein the boss and tensioning mechanism are each plural.