CN109394182A - A kind of Chinese medicine tongue colo(u)r specification analysis method based on spectral information - Google Patents
A kind of Chinese medicine tongue colo(u)r specification analysis method based on spectral information Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of Chinese medicine tongue colo(u)r specification analysis method based on spectral information belongs to the research field that objectifies of tcm inspection, acquire the spectral reflectivity of different type tongue body, the spectral reflectance data collection of tongue color, coating colour is obtained, tongue color, coating colour classifier are established by sorting algorithm.For a certain tongue body image, tongue nature part is separated by classifier.For tongue nature part, is formed using tongue body pigment, according to the optical absorption scattering principle of particle, establish the optical absorption scattering model of tongue nature.Based on this model, according to the spectral reflectivity of each pixel of tongue nature, reverse goes out the pigment concentration in model.Using pigment concentration as the measurement means of Chinese medicine tongue color, quantized data reference relevant to syndrome degree is provided for clinic.Using this method, it can be directed to the formation mechenism of Chinese medicine tongue color, establish tongue redness, tongue purple metric number axis.Any tongue color can obtain the magnitude on these number axis by calculating each pigment concentration.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the research fields that objectifies of tcm inspection, in particular to tongue color quantizing field in tcm inspection,
For realizing the tongue color quantization and classification for changing and meeting Chinese medicine cognitive law with illness.
Background technique
TCM tongue diagnosis is that the examination method of human body physiological function and pathological change is understood by observation tongue picture variation, in Chinese medicine
It plays an important role in clinical diagnosis.Visual observation and language description of traditional lingual diagnosis method dependent on Chinese medicine, shortage amount
Change description indexes and objective record means, is described to TCM tongue diagnosis and aspect of classifying brings difficulty.With modern science and technology
Development of the means in terms of TCM tongue diagnosis, tongue reconstruction, standardized research have become the important development side of TCM tongue diagnosis
To.
In the treatment research that tongue color objectifies, commonly used Digital Image Processing and mode identification technology carry out tongue color point
Analysis.In such a mode, each tongue color all must be in the multiple representation in components of some color space, and then provide classification category
Property.This quantization and hierarchical approaches are not associated with the variation of the syndrome of tcm clinical practice, and the variation of magnitude cannot reflect that disease is demonstrate,proved
The variation tendency of time is not consistent very much with Chinese medicine cognition habit.Therefore, according to tcm clinical practice different syndrome type and the tongue color of the disease depth
Changing rule, based on the pathology and disease mechanism of tongue color variation, carrying out quantitative measurement to tongue color has objective necessity.
Summary of the invention
Chinese medicine tongue color is divided into light red, light white, red, deep red, purple etc..Normal tongue color is pink tongue, other tongue colors are ill tongue color.
I thinks that, from anatomical angle, the generation of tongue color depends primarily on the pigment composition in blood, contains with hemochrome in tongue body
Amount, oxyhemoglobin concentration, deoxy-hemoglobin concentrations are related.The hemochrome concentration of pale tongue is small, and the oxygenated blood of red tongue is red
Protein concentration is high, and the deoxy-hemoglobin concentrations of purple tongue are high.The present invention establishes tongue nature according to the optical characteristics of tongue body institutional framework
Optical absorption scattering model, by the acquisition to tongue body hyperspectral information, deduce respective pixel hemoglobin in a model,
Oxyhemoglobin concentration, deoxy-hemoglobin concentrations etc., and as tongue color quantizating index corresponding with the disease rule of development.
Concrete scheme design of the present invention is as follows: the spectral reflectivity of acquisition different type tongue body obtains the light of tongue color, coating colour
Reflectivity data collection is composed, tongue color, coating colour classifier are established by sorting algorithm.For a certain tongue body image, pass through classifier point
From tongue nature part.For tongue nature part, is formed using tongue body pigment, according to the optical absorption scattering principle of particle, establish tongue nature
Optical absorption scattering model.Based on this model, according to the spectral reflectivity of each pixel of tongue nature, reverse goes out the pigment in model
Concentration.Using pigment concentration as the measurement means of Chinese medicine tongue color, quantized data ginseng relevant to syndrome degree is provided for clinic
It examines.It in turn includes the following steps:
1. tongue nature, tongue fur classification based on spectrum:
(1), the high spectrum image sample for acquiring all kinds of Chinese medicine tongue colors, coating colour is needed comprising light red, light white, red, deep red, purple
All kinds of tongue color use-cases, Yi Jibai, Huang, brown, black all kinds of coating colour use-cases；Every class use-case needs the example comprising 100 or more, and by
Traditional Chinese medical doctor provides affiliated type calibration.
(2), the spectral reflectivity of tongue nature part in all image patterns is extracted, tongue nature sample set is formed；Extract all figures
The spectral reflectivity of decent middle tongue fur part forms tongue fur sample set.Using tongue color, tongue fur sample set, Classification and Identification is calculated
Method is trained, and tongue color, tongue fur classifier are obtained.
(3), for the high spectrum image of any tongue body, pixel spectra reflectivity data is inputted into classifier, obtains the picture
Plain generic obtains all set of pixels with tongue nature attribute.
2. the foundation of tongue nature optical absorption scattering model:
Since the generation of tongue color depends primarily on the pigment composition in blood, including hemoglobin, oxyhemoglobin
Concentration, deoxy-hemoglobin concentrations.Scattering principle and tongue body blood constituent are absorbed according to particle optics, the optics for establishing tongue nature is inhaled
Scattering model is received, the reflection R (λ) under a certain wavelength is obtained.
R (λ)=(1- β (λ)2)(exp(K(λ)d)-exp(-K(λ)d))÷((1+β(λ))2exp(K(λ)d)-(1-β(λ)
)2exp(-K(λ)d))
Wherein, β (λ) is forward traffic variable, K (λ) be after to flow variable, d is blood liquid layer thickness.
Wherein, μA, T(λ) is sublingual spectral absorptance, μS, T(λ) is sublingual spectral dispersion coefficient.
μA, T(λ)=fbCoμA, o(λ)+fb(1-Co)μA, d(λ)+(1-fb)μA, b(λ)
μS, T(λ)=2 × 105λ-1.5
Wherein, fbFor hemochrome concentration to be asked, CoFor oxyhemoglobin concentration to be asked, 1-Co is the blood red egg of deoxidation to be asked
White concentration；μA, o(λ) is the absorption coefficient of oxyhemoglobin, μA, b(λ) is the absorption coefficient of deoxyhemoglobin, μA, b(λ) is
Substrate coefficient.
And μA, o(λ) and μA, d(λ) can inquire oxyhemoglobin and the absorption characteristic of deoxyhemoglobin obtains.
3. the calculating of tongue body pigment concentration:
(1), it will be seen that each wavelength of optical band substitutes into and absorbs the scattering model (discrete wavelength of wavelength selection and high spectrum image
It is corresponding), the spectral reflectance factor expression under each wavelength is obtained, spectral reflectivity estimate vector [R (λ is formed1), R (λ2), R
(λ3) ..., R (λN)]T, N is discrete wavelength number.
(2), by the spectral reflectivity of each pixel in tongue nature part in spectral reflectivity estimate vector and EO-1 hyperion tongue image to
Amount compares, and by optimization algorithm, hemochrome concentration, the oxyhemoglobin iterated to calculate at each pixel in estimate vector is dense
Degree, deoxy-hemoglobin concentrations, so that spectral reflectivity estimate vector and the spectral reflectivity vector of actual measurement are closest.
4. the tongue color of each subregion of lingual surface quantifies:
(1), lingual surface image is pressed into TCM Zang-fu area principle, be divided into the tip of the tongue, in tongue, tongue two sides, the root of the tongue.It calculates separately each
Each pigment mean concentration of all tongue nature pixels in region.
(2), each pigment concentration for calculating all pixels in normal tongue color (pink tongue) sample set, obtain hemochrome concentration,
The normal range (NR) section of oxyhemoglobin concentration, deoxy-hemoglobin concentrations.
(3), the measurement of hemoglobin concentration and oxyhemoglobin concentration product as the red degree of tongue, product is higher, and tongue is red
Degree is higher, referred to as tongue redness.Measurement from oxygen hemoglobin concentration as tongue purple degree, concentration is higher, and tongue purple degree is higher,
Referred to as tongue purple degree.
If tongue redness is lower than normal range (NR), for pale tongue, tongue redness is lower, and pale tongue degree is higher, and corresponding syndrome is deeper.
If tongue redness is higher than normal range (NR), for red tongue, tongue redness is higher, and the red degree of tongue is higher, and corresponding syndrome is deeper.
If tongue purple degree is higher than normal range (NR), for purple tongue, tongue purple degree is higher, and tongue purple degree is higher, and corresponding syndrome is deeper.
If tongue redness, tongue purple degree are higher, for deep red tongue.
Beneficial effect
In Traditional Chinese Medicine lingual diagnosis, the description to tongue color is qualitatively, that is, to use its affiliated Chinese medicine tongue color classification of verbal description.One
As comprising light white, light red, red, deep red, purple.Due to the ambiguity and subjective differences of verbal description, dug to Chinese medicine analysis of cases, data
Pick, therapeutic evaluation bring inconvenience, hinder the further development of Diagnostics of Chinese Medicine.In recent years, using standard image data
Or chroma data describes tongue color, becomes the beginning that vectorization is walked in tongue color description.Although these describe means using numerical quantization
Form, and there is relatively uniform specification, but can not merge well to the cognitive law that tongue color changes with Chinese medicine.Another kind of amount
Change means are can to provide quantized values in Chinese medicine tongue color change dimension based on color psychology metrology experiment.Such methods are in
The cognitive law for curing tongue color judgement is consistent, can provide diagnostic message magnitude reference corresponding with the syndrome depth, but belong to
The color quantizing mode of subjective perception.
This method proposes tongue redness, tongue purple metrization index, quantifies to Chinese medicine tongue color from Chinese medicine syndrome rule angle
And classification, and the Optical Mechanism generated from each Chinese medicine tongue color, these quantizating index are defined using tongue body pigment concentration, are realized
From anatomical structure to Tongue and the association of syndrome judgement is corresponding.
(1), this method is based on tongue body hyperspectral image data (each wavelength reflection of each pixel comprising visible light wave range
Data), the Three Channel Color image data than generalling use has more acurrate perfect colouring information.
(2), this method is formed according to tongue body pigment, the absorption scattering model of tongue nature is established, so that it is anti-to establish each wavelength
Penetrate the relationship of rate Yu all kinds of pigment concentrations.Pass through the pigment concentration of the pixel spectra data optimizing of the actual measurement location of pixels.
(3), according to each syndrome tongue color feature of Chinese medicine and pigment colour mixture rule, by Chinese medicine tongue color and tongue body hemochrome, oxygen
It closes hemoglobin concentration, deoxy-hemoglobin concentrations and establishes corresponding relationship, use pigment concentration as the measurement means of Chinese medicine tongue color,
Provide the magnitude reference of syndrome degree.Meet the demand that tcm clinical practice evaluates diagnostic message quantization, and this quantization
Means are based on objective Magnifying chromoscopy, and the color quantizing compared with subjective perception has more convincingness.
Using this method, it can be directed to the formation mechenism of Chinese medicine tongue color, establish tongue redness, tongue purple metric number axis.It is such as attached
Shown in figure, any tongue color can obtain the magnitude on these number axis by calculating each pigment concentration.Meanwhile by these
Normal tongue color (light red) range is determined on number axis, can be clear the tested tongue color of judgement and be deviateed in terms of tongue redness and tongue purple degree
The degree of normal tongue, to provide the depth auxiliary diagnosis of syndrome.For example, tongue redness magnitude is more light red than normal for pale tongue
Tongue is small, and offset value can be used as the degree reference of corresponding syndrome of blood deficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1: the Chinese medicine tongue colo(u)r specification analysis method process based on spectral information
Fig. 2: tongue nature optical absorption scattering model (tongue color spectral reflectivity estimator) constructs process
Specific embodiment
This method realizes the acquisition of EO-1 hyperion tongue image using EO-1 hyperion camera.It, can according to the spectral accuracy of EO-1 hyperion camera
Determine the spectral Dimensions of acquisition data, i.e., collected each pixel spectra reflectivity element vector prime number is denoted as N.One breadth be W,
The EO-1 hyperion tongue image of a height of H can be expressed as matrix I (x, y, z), wherein (x, y) is pixel coordinate (1≤x≤W；1≤y≤
H), z is spectrum discrete location (1≤z≤N).Specific implementation process is as follows referring to attached drawing 1:
1. tongue nature, tongue fur classification based on spectrum:
(1), the high spectrum image sample for acquiring all kinds of Chinese medicine tongue colors, coating colour is needed comprising light red, light white, red, deep red, purple
All kinds of tongue color use-cases, Yi Jibai, Huang, brown, black all kinds of coating colour use-cases；Every class use-case needs the example comprising 100 or more, and by
Traditional Chinese medical doctor provides affiliated type calibration and tongue color, tongue fur label.
(2), the spectral reflectivity of tongue nature part in all image patterns is extracted, tongue nature spectral reflectivity sample set is formed；
The spectral reflectivity of tongue fur part in all image patterns is extracted, tongue fur spectral reflectivity sample set is formed.
(3), according to a conventional method, using N-dimensional spectral vector as input, with whether be tongue nature (color) judgement be identified as it is defeated
Out, SVM classifier is constructed.Using tongue color (positive sample), tongue fur (negative sample) sample set, to classification and identification algorithm plus
With training, tongue color, tongue fur classifier are obtained.
(4), the high spectrum image of any tongue body is separated tongue body partial data by image segmentation means.
Tongue body pixel spectra reflectivity data is inputted into classifier, obtains the pixel generic, being formed has tongue nature category in the image
The set of pixels of property.
2. obtaining tongue color spectral reflectivity estimated expression according to tongue nature optical absorption scattering model:
(1), inquiry high-spectral data corresponds to the absorption coefficient μ of the oxyhemoglobin of each wavelengthA, o(λ), the blood red egg of deoxidation
White absorption coefficient μA, d(λ) calculates substrate coefficient μ using following formulaA, b(λ)。
(2), by μA, o(λ)、μA, d(λ)、μA, b(λ) substitutes into following formula, obtains sublingual spectral absorptance μA, T(λ) expression
Formula.
μA, T(λ)=fbCoμA, o(λ)+fb(1-Co)μA, d(λ)+(1-fb)μA, b(λ)
And sublingual spectral dispersion coefficient μ is calculated as followsS, T(λ)。
μS, T(λ)=2 × 105λ-1.5
(3), by μA, T(λ)、μS, T(λ) substitutes into following formula, obtains forward traffic variable β (λ), backward flow variable K (λ)
Expression formula.
(4), β (λ), K (λ) are substituted into the tongue nature optical absorption scattering model established, obtain the reflection R under each wavelength
(λ) expression formula.
R (λ)=(1- β (λ)2)(exp(K(λ)d)-exp(-K(λ)d))÷((1+β(λ))2exp(K(λ)d)-(1-β(λ)
)2exp(-K(λ)d))
It include hemochrome concentration f to be asked in formulab, oxyhemoglobin concentration C to be askedo, 1-Co
For deoxy-hemoglobin concentrations to be asked；Blood liquid layer thickness d to be asked.
3. the calculating of tongue body pigment concentration:
(1), by the spectral reflectance factor expression under each wavelength, it is combined into spectral reflectivity estimate vector [R (λ1), R
(λ2), R (λ3) ..., R (λN)]T, N is discrete wavelength number.
(2), by the spectral reflectivity of each pixel in tongue nature part in spectral reflectivity estimate vector and EO-1 hyperion tongue image to
Amount compares, and by optimization algorithm (such as genetic algorithm), iterates to calculate hemochrome concentration, the oxygen at each pixel in estimate vector
Hemoglobin concentration, deoxy-hemoglobin concentrations are closed, so that the spectral reflectivity vector of spectral reflectivity estimate vector and actual measurement
It is closest.The objective function that the distance of two vectors is formed i.e. in optimization algorithm is minimum
4. the tongue color of each subregion of lingual surface quantifies:
(1), lingual surface image is pressed into TCM Zang-fu area principle, left and right is divided into three regions, and left and right is tongue two sides, intermediate
Region be divided into again before in after three regions, respectively the tip of the tongue, in tongue, the root of the tongue.Calculate separately each of all tongue nature pixels in each region
Pigment mean concentration.
(2), each pigment concentration for calculating all pixels in normal tongue color (pink tongue) sample set, obtain hemochrome concentration,
The normal range (NR) section of oxyhemoglobin concentration, deoxy-hemoglobin concentrations.
(3), the measurement of hemoglobin concentration and oxyhemoglobin concentration product as the red degree of tongue, product is higher, and tongue is red
Degree is higher, referred to as tongue redness.Measurement from oxygen hemoglobin concentration as tongue purple degree, concentration is higher, and tongue purple degree is higher,
Referred to as tongue purple degree.
If tongue redness is lower than normal range (NR), for pale tongue, tongue redness is lower, and pale tongue degree is higher, and corresponding syndrome is deeper.
If tongue redness is higher than normal range (NR), for red tongue, tongue redness is higher, and the red degree of tongue is higher, and corresponding syndrome is deeper.
If tongue purple degree is higher than normal range (NR), for purple tongue, tongue purple degree is higher, and tongue purple degree is higher, and corresponding syndrome is deeper.
If tongue redness, tongue purple degree are higher, for deep red tongue.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of Chinese medicine tongue colo(u)r specification analysis method based on spectral information, it is characterised in that:
1) tongue nature of the based on spectrum, tongue fur classification:
(1), the image pattern for acquiring all kinds of Chinese medicine tongue colors, coating colour needs to use comprising light red, light white, red, deep red, purple all kinds of tongue colors
Example, Yi Jibai, Huang, brown, black all kinds of coating colour use-cases；Every class use-case needs the example comprising 100 or more, and is given by traditional Chinese medical doctor
Affiliated type calibration out；
(2), the spectral reflectivity of tongue nature part in all image patterns is extracted, tongue nature sample set is formed；Extract all image samples
The spectral reflectivity of tongue fur part in this, forms tongue fur sample set；Using tongue color, tongue fur sample set, to classification and identification algorithm plus
With training, tongue color, tongue fur classifier are obtained；
(3), for the image of any tongue body, pixel spectra reflectivity data is inputted into classifier, obtains the pixel generic,
Obtain all set of pixels with tongue nature attribute；
2) foundation of tongue nature optical absorption scattering model:
Scattering principle and tongue body blood constituent are absorbed according to particle optics, the optical absorption scattering model of tongue nature is established, obtains certain
Reflection R (λ) under one wavelength；
R (λ)=(1- β (λ)2)(exp(K(λ)d)-exp(-K(λ)d))÷((1+β(λ))2exp(K(λ)d)-(1-β(λ))2exp
(-K(λ)d))
Wherein, β (λ) is forward traffic variable, K (λ) be after to flow variable, d is blood liquid layer thickness；
Wherein, μA, T(λ) is sublingual spectral absorptance, μS, T(λ) is sublingual spectral dispersion coefficient；
μA, T(λ)=fbCoμA, o(λ)+fb(1-Co)μA, d(λ)+(1-fb)μA, b(λ)
μS, T(λ)=2 × 105λ-1.5
Wherein, fbFor hemochrome concentration to be asked, CoFor oxyhemoglobin concentration to be asked, 1-Co
For deoxy-hemoglobin concentrations to be asked；μA, o(λ) is the absorption coefficient of oxyhemoglobin, μA, d(λ) is the blood red egg of deoxidation
White absorption coefficient, μA, b(λ) is substrate coefficient；
And μA, o(λ) and μA, d(λ) is obtained by the absorption characteristic of inquiry oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin；
3) calculating of tongue body pigment concentration:
(1), it will be seen that each wavelength of optical band substitutes into and absorbs scattering model, wavelength selection is corresponding with the discrete wavelength of image, obtains
Spectral reflectance factor expression under each wavelength forms spectral reflectivity estimate vector [R (λ1), R (λ2), R (λ3) ..., R
(λN)]T, N is discrete wavelength number；
(2), by spectral reflectivity estimate vector, the spectral reflectivity vector of each pixel in tongue nature part compares in tongue image, leads to
Optimization algorithm is crossed, it is blood red to iterate to calculate hemochrome concentration at each pixel in estimate vector, oxyhemoglobin concentration, deoxidation
Protein concentration, so that spectral reflectivity estimate vector and the spectral reflectivity vector of actual measurement are closest；
4) the tongue color quantization of each subregion of lingual surface:
(1), by lingual surface image be divided into the tip of the tongue, in tongue, tongue two sides, the root of the tongue；Calculate separately the colors of all tongue nature pixels in each region
Plain mean concentration；
(2), each pigment concentration for calculating all pixels in normal tongue color, that is, pink tongue sample set obtains hemochrome concentration, oxygen closes
The normal range (NR) section of hemoglobin concentration, deoxy-hemoglobin concentrations；
(3), the measurement of hemoglobin concentration and oxyhemoglobin concentration product as the red degree of tongue, product is higher, the red degree of tongue
It is higher, referred to as tongue redness；Measurement from oxygen hemoglobin concentration as tongue purple degree, concentration is higher, and tongue purple degree is higher, referred to as
Tongue purple degree；
If tongue redness is lower than normal range (NR), for pale tongue, tongue redness is lower, and pale tongue degree is higher, and corresponding syndrome is deeper；
If tongue redness is higher than normal range (NR), for red tongue, tongue redness is higher, and the red degree of tongue is higher, and corresponding syndrome is deeper；
If tongue purple degree is higher than normal range (NR), for purple tongue, tongue purple degree is higher, and tongue purple degree is higher, and corresponding syndrome is deeper；
If tongue redness, tongue purple degree are above normal range (NR), for deep red tongue.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113261953A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | Multispectral surface diagnosis measuring method |
| CN113425259A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-24 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Multispectral tongue picture collecting system with high spatial resolution |
| CN116824252A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-09-29 | 广东省新黄埔中医药联合创新研究院 | Traditional Chinese medicine tongue color classification quantization method for hyperspectral tongue image |
| CN116824171A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-09-29 | 广东省新黄埔中医药联合创新研究院 | Method for selecting hyperspectral tongue picture image wave band of traditional Chinese medicine and related device |
| CN116849612A (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-10-10 | 广东省新黄埔中医药联合创新研究院 | Multispectral tongue picture image acquisition and analysis system |
-
2018
- 2018-12-12 CN CN201811515985.6A patent/CN109394182A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 谢文英: "《中医望诊大全》", 31 March 2018 * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113261953A (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2021-08-17 | 北京航空航天大学 | Multispectral surface diagnosis measuring method |
| CN113261953B (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2022-02-22 | 北京航空航天大学 | Multispectral surface diagnosis measuring method |
| CN113425259A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-24 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Multispectral tongue picture collecting system with high spatial resolution |
| CN116824252A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-09-29 | 广东省新黄埔中医药联合创新研究院 | Traditional Chinese medicine tongue color classification quantization method for hyperspectral tongue image |
| CN116824171A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-09-29 | 广东省新黄埔中医药联合创新研究院 | Method for selecting hyperspectral tongue picture image wave band of traditional Chinese medicine and related device |
| CN116849612A (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-10-10 | 广东省新黄埔中医药联合创新研究院 | Multispectral tongue picture image acquisition and analysis system |
| CN116849612B (en) * | 2023-07-07 | 2024-01-09 | 广东省新黄埔中医药联合创新研究院 | Multispectral tongue picture image acquisition and analysis system |
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