CN109392055A - A kind of sensor network cross-layer energy control method and device - Google Patents
A kind of sensor network cross-layer energy control method and device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109392055A CN109392055A CN201811379081.5A CN201811379081A CN109392055A CN 109392055 A CN109392055 A CN 109392055A CN 201811379081 A CN201811379081 A CN 201811379081A CN 109392055 A CN109392055 A CN 109392055A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- node
- parameter
- transmitting
- distance
- signal strength
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/12—Shortest path evaluation
- H04L45/122—Shortest path evaluation by minimising distances, e.g. by selecting a route with minimum of number of hops
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/12—Shortest path evaluation
- H04L45/124—Shortest path evaluation using a combination of metrics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
- H04W40/04—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on wireless node resources
- H04W40/10—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on wireless node resources based on available power or energy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of sensor network cross-layer energy control method and device, can reduce energy consumption, improves network life.The described method includes: determining link d parameter between transmitting-receiving node, wherein d parameter will dynamically stop to be equivalent under line of sight conditions the increment in distance with path loss caused by stationary barrier under the conditions of non line of sight in transmission process based on the actual range between transmitting-receiving node；According to determining d parameter value, the reliable transmission distance between transmitting-receiving node under link reliability constraint is determined, and according to determining reliable transmission distance, determine transmitting signal strength；Judge whether the reliable transmission distance is in the maximum transmission distance between transmitting-receiving node under link reliability constraint；If being in, from inside to outside successively determine nodal distance base station minimum hop count, node according to minimum hop count of itself determining apart from base station determine itself belonging to region and carry out networking.The present invention relates to energy hole fields.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to energy hole field, a kind of sensor network cross-layer energy control method and device are particularly related to.
Background technique
With integrated circuit, wireless communication, sensor and MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical
System, MEMS) etc. technologies rapid development, wireless sensor network (Wireless Sensor Networks, WSN) technology just gets over
The concern of automatic data logging application (Automatic Meter Reading System, AMRS) industry is obtained come more, is gone out
Now greatly reduce time and the cost of manual metering.In the implementation of various automatic data loggings, wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system have pair
The requirement of node location is not strictly limited, without being routed the advantages of, and wired meter reading method then exist channel be not sufficiently stable, work
The problems such as journey is at high cost, difficult in maintenance.
Wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system has catered to the application direction of current big data, the carry out payment of fees that not only user can be convenient
It is inquired with information, water power and Thermal Corp also can be convenient use information that is quick and obtaining user at low cost, thus logarithm
According to being managed collectively.Wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system is also the big data integrated mechanism that wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system enterprise provides convenience, can
The habit that user uses is obtained, to adjust operation according to the use habit of user by being analyzed data, being handled
Strategy, with the input and output for being optimal.In summary consider, meter reading industry from the beginning of 2000 i.e. begin trying from it is wired to
Wireless conversion.In in September, 2005, electricity meter-reading standard formulation, Zhi Houshui, air and heat table standard are also formulated in succession.
But due to applying interior joint to be distributed in the different location of building in meter reading industry, and position is more dispersed,
Indoor meter reading is caused to have the shortcomings that poor reliability and energy consumption are high.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of sensor network cross-layer energy control method and devices, with solution
The certainly dispersion of node present in the prior art leads to the poor reliability of indoor meter reading and the high problem of energy consumption.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of sensor network cross-layer energy control method, packet
It includes:
Determine link d parameter between transmitting-receiving node, wherein d parameter is based on the actual range between transmitting-receiving node, by transmission process
Dynamically stop to be equivalent under line of sight conditions the increment in distance with path loss caused by stationary barrier under the conditions of middle non line of sight；
According to determining d parameter value, the reliable transmission distance between transmitting-receiving node under link reliability constraint, and root are determined
According to determining reliable transmission distance, transmitting signal strength is determined；
Judge reliable transmission distance whether the maximum transmitted between transmitting-receiving node under link reliability constraint away from
From interior；
If being in, successively determine the minimum hop count of nodal distance base station from inside to outside, node according to determining itself away from
Minimum hop count from base station determines the region belonging to itself and carries out networking.
Wherein, d parameter is expressed as:
D=distance+ α
α=α _ static+ α _ dynamic
Wherein, distance indicates the actual range between transmitting-receiving node；The equivalent d parameter increase of α expression path loss；α_
Static indicates the equivalent d parameter increase of path loss caused by stationary barrier；α _ dynamic indicates path caused by dynamic blocking
Equivalent d parameter increase is lost.
Wherein, reliable transmission distance indicates are as follows:
Wherein, ds indicates reliable transmission distance；PnIndicate noise floor；γU(Prr) it indicates under the corresponding d parameter of PRR
Signal-to-noise ratio, PRR indicate packet reception rate；PtIndicate transmitting signal strength；PL(d0) indicate reference distance d0Under path loss；N table
Show path attenuation index；The variance of σ expression Gaussian random variable.
Wherein, described according to determining reliable transmission distance, determine that transmitting signal strength includes:
There are level characteristics for transmitting signal strength, if d parameter value is between the ds of two transmitting signal strength gears, controls
System emits signal strength gear using high level-one to emit signal.
Wherein, the number of node affiliated area is minimum hop count of the node itself apart from base station；
In node and base station communication, the node successively transmits information according to the sequence of zone number from big to small.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of sensor network cross-layer energy control apparatus, comprising:
First determining module, for determining link d parameter between transmitting-receiving node, wherein d parameter is based on the reality between transmitting-receiving node
Border distance will dynamically stop to be equivalent to line of sight conditions with path loss caused by stationary barrier under the conditions of non line of sight in transmission process
It is lower apart from upper increment；
Second determining module, for according to determining d parameter value, determining between transmitting-receiving node under link reliability constraint
Reliable transmission distance, and according to determining reliable transmission distance, determine transmitting signal strength；
Judgment module, for judging whether the reliable transmission distance is between transmitting-receiving node under link reliability constraint
Maximum transmission distance in；
Third determining module, if successively determining the minimum hop count of nodal distance base station, node from inside to outside for being in
According to minimum hop count of itself determining apart from base station determine itself belonging to region and carry out networking.
Wherein, d parameter is expressed as:
D=distance+ α
α=α _ static+ α _ dynamic
Wherein, distance indicates the actual range between transmitting-receiving node；The equivalent d parameter increase of α expression path loss；α_
Static indicates the equivalent d parameter increase of path loss caused by stationary barrier；α _ dynamic indicates path caused by dynamic blocking
Equivalent d parameter increase is lost.
Wherein, reliable transmission distance indicates are as follows:
Wherein, ds indicates reliable transmission distance；PnIndicate noise floor；γU(Prr) it indicates under the corresponding d parameter of PRR
Signal-to-noise ratio, PRR indicate packet reception rate；PtIndicate transmitting signal strength；PL(d0) indicate reference distance d0Under path loss；N table
Show path attenuation index；The variance of σ expression Gaussian random variable.
Wherein, second determining module, for having level characteristics for transmitting signal strength, if d parameter value is in two hairs
It penetrates between the ds of signal strength gear, then controls and emit signal strength gear using high level-one to emit signal.
Wherein, the number of node affiliated area is minimum hop count of the node itself apart from base station；
In node and base station communication, the node successively transmits information according to the sequence of zone number from big to small.
The advantageous effects of the above technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:
In above scheme, determine link d parameter between transmitting-receiving node, wherein d parameter based between transmitting-receiving node it is practical away from
From, will under the conditions of non line of sight in transmission process dynamically stop and stationary barrier caused by path loss be equivalent under line of sight conditions away from
From upper increment；According to determining d parameter value, the reliable transmission distance between transmitting-receiving node under link reliability constraint is determined,
And according to determining reliable transmission distance, determines transmitting signal strength, to ensure data reliability, guarantee the quality of data；Judgement
Whether the reliable transmission distance is in the maximum transmission distance between transmitting-receiving node under link reliability constraint；If being in,
The minimum hop count of nodal distance base station, minimum hop count of the node according to determining itself apart from base station are then successively determined from inside to outside
It determines the region belonging to itself and carries out networking, the networking mode based on region can reduce energy consumption, improve network life.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of sensor network cross-layer energy control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is sensor network cross-layer energy control method schematic illustration provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that the node data of EBACR simulation run 32 provided in an embodiment of the present invention wheel transmits schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is section parameter schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is d parameter model relation principle schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the distributed in three dimensions schematic diagram of node when simulation run 30 provided in an embodiment of the present invention is taken turns；
Fig. 7 is distribution schematic diagram of the node provided in an embodiment of the present invention in floor；
Fig. 8 is provided in an embodiment of the present invention not using the failure node number of cross-layer energy control strategy and gross energy utilization
Rate changes schematic diagram；
Fig. 9 be the energy control strategy provided in an embodiment of the present invention using cross-layer after failure node number and gross energy utilize
Rate changes schematic diagram；
Figure 10 is the structural schematic diagram of sensor network cross-layer energy control apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
To keep the technical problem to be solved in the present invention, technical solution and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing and tool
Body embodiment is described in detail.
The present invention leads to the poor reliability of indoor meter reading and the high problem of energy consumption for the dispersion of existing node, provides one kind
Sensor network cross-layer energy control method and device.
Embodiment one
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, sensor network cross-layer energy control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, comprising:
S101 determines link d parameter between transmitting-receiving node, wherein d parameter will be passed based on the actual range between transmitting-receiving node
Dynamically stop to be equivalent under line of sight conditions in distance with path loss caused by stationary barrier under the conditions of non line of sight during defeated
Increment；
S102, according to determining d parameter value, determine reliable transmission under the constraint of link reliability between transmitting-receiving node away from
From, and according to determining reliable transmission distance, determine transmitting signal strength；
S103 judges whether the maximum between transmitting-receiving node under link reliability constraint passes the reliable transmission distance
In defeated distance；
S104 successively determines the minimum hop count of nodal distance base station if being in from inside to outside, node according to it is determining from
Minimum hop count of the body apart from base station determines the region belonging to itself and carries out networking.
Sensor network cross-layer energy control method described in the embodiment of the present invention determines link d parameter between transmitting-receiving node,
Wherein, d parameter is based on the actual range between transmitting-receiving node, will dynamically stop under the conditions of non line of sight in transmission process and stationary barrier
Caused by path loss be equivalent under line of sight conditions the increment in distance；According to determining d parameter value, determine between transmitting-receiving node
Reliable transmission distance under link reliability constraint, and according to determining reliable transmission distance, transmitting signal strength is determined, with true
Data reliability is protected, guarantees the quality of data；Judge whether the reliable transmission distance is in link reliability between transmitting-receiving node
In maximum transmission distance under constraint；If being in, the minimum hop count of nodal distance base station, node root are successively determined from inside to outside
The region belonging to itself is determined according to the minimum hop count of determining itself apart from base station and carries out networking, the networking mode based on region
Energy consumption can be reduced, network life is improved.
Sensor network cross-layer energy control method described in the present embodiment, in terms of network layer and data link layer two into
Row optimization:
On the one hand, according to the network layer of indoor wireless amr sensor network, in the adaptive clustering networking of energy consumption balance
On the basis of the angle of rotation of joint color selection mechanism of (Energy-balanced Adaptive Clustering Routing, EBACR),
It is proposed region energy consumption balance policy, more focus on base station surroundings nodes energy consumption balance, and in view of Energy volution can not
Avoiding property determines adaptive clustering networking (the Section-Energy-balanced Adaptive of region energy consumption balance
Clustering Routing, S-EBACR) algorithm.
The present embodiment in order to better understand is first briefly described EBACR:
EBACR is specific to the adaptive Clustering Routing of the balancing energy of indoor application design, sub-clustering characteristic
It is more suitable for indoor meter reading application, therefore S-EBACR is that the specific demand of indoor meter reading application is combined to carry out on the basis of EBACR
Design.
The advantages of EBACR, is mainly reflected in two aspects of adaptive and balancing energy to environment.Its Basic Design thinking
Be: when selecting cluster head, the method for using multiple attribute decision making (MADM) first is strong by residue energy of node and the received signal to base station
The value of degree instruction (Received Signal Strength Indication, RSSI) comprehensively considers to obtain F value, passes through F later
Whether this node of the size multilevel iudge of value should become cluster head.It should be noted that EBACR also gives the choosing of forward node
Standard is selected, the calculation method of F value is identical as cluster head, and only when calculating, forward node will more focus on nodal distance base station
Position；Wherein, F value indicate sensor node multiple attribute decision making (MADM) as a result, its calculation method are as follows:
Wherein, ((section-section j)={ -1,0,1 }) section indicates the section of this node；
Section j indicates the section of j-th of neighbor node；ωkIndicate subjective weight coefficient；ωk' indicate objective weight coefficient；λ
Indicate the ratio of subjective and objective weight coefficient；ujd to BSIndicate the normalization attribute of j-th of neighbor node d to BS；ujkIndicate this section
K-th of normalization attribute of j-th of neighbor node of point；section gradientjIndicate the ladder of j-th of node of normalization
Degree.
In the present embodiment, section gradientjIt indicates are as follows:
Pass through formulaBe normalized, thus obtain number be
The gradient of the neighbor node of j；UjkIndicate k-th of corresponding evaluation attributes value (e.g., benefit of j-th of neighbor node of this node
Type attribute, cost type attribute)；Indicate that row vector represents the different evaluation attribute value of neighbor node, such asM indicates neighbor node number；K1、K2Respectively indicate benefit attribute and cost nature.
After the completion of EBACR new round networking, node can be divided into 5 kinds of roles, be member node respectively, leader cluster node, turn
Send out node, relay node and base station；Wherein, base station role is once it is determined that can not change, and be generally different with other types node
Structure, i.e., general base station has stronger data processing function and data sending function, and possesses constant power supply, is responsible for progress
It is simultaneously passed through internet or general packet radio service technology (General Packet Radio by necessary mass data processing
Service, GPRS) it is sent to server.
The data of acquisition are finally transmitted to base station by the data terminal that role is member node, and complete path has following several
Kind is possible:
Path 1: data collection station (member node) → base station
Path 2: data collection station (member node) → leader cluster node → base station
Path 3: data collection station (member node) → leader cluster node → forward node → base station
Path 4: data collection station (member node) → leader cluster node → 1 →... of forward node → relay node relaying section
Point n → base station
Since indoor node distribution is larger, most data upload is all to need according to path 4 by one
Or multiple relay nodes can just be transmitted to base station.The RSSI value that only remaining node energy and base station are signaled by EBACR
Determinant attribute of two attributes as multiple attribute decision making (MADM), therefore in the actual networking process, it is calculated only in accordance with multiple attribute decision making (MADM)
F value selection next-hop relay node out may generate the relay node forwarding of excessive number, and data occur to the remote of base station
The case where end transmission is transmitted to base station again, although can enhance the energy consumption balance of whole network, it is greatly unnecessary to cause
Forwarding energy dissipation.Fig. 3 is the network of EBACR 32 wheel of simulation algorithm operation in 100 node random distributions in the plane
Topology connection, it is seen that the data for two nodes acquisition that number is 61 and 42 will can just be transmitted to number by 12 forwardings and be
101 base station.
In simulation process, EBACR is due to overemphasizing the balancing energy of whole network and not imitating Energy volution
Including being considered as, the node within the jump of base station three will lead to as global energy consumption balance is turned to remote base station end
Hair increases and is forwarding upper unnecessary energy consumption.
It is excessive for hop count and Energy volution effect leads to unnecessary power consumption issues, the present embodiment lead-in area
Domain (section) proposes that region energy consumption balance policy, Fig. 4 are section parameter schematic diagram as new attribute.
In the present embodiment, section is improved, considers balancing energy according to different topology region.Carrying out networking
Before, sink node (that is: base station) is defined as section1, will is with the node definition of sink node direct communication
Section2, will need to jump hair can just be transmitted to the node definition of sink by one is section3, and so on, it can
Enable: the number of node affiliated area is minimum hop count of the node itself apart from base station.It should be noted that by these in Fig. 4
Point distinguished according to section using circular ring shape, be the simple expression under topology situation, and under the conditions of actual conditions non line of sight by
In the asymmetry of link and the presence of link path loss, be likely to be at same section two nodes be not
It is strictly close with the distance between sink node on geographical location.
In wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system network actual moving process, the position of base station i.e. sink node is normally at its pipe
The geometric center of node region is had jurisdiction over, therefore inside rectangular floor, it can be assumed that in the distribution of two side gusset of base station
It is equally distributed.It should be as much as possible in equilibrium of the peripheral topological realization to volume of transmitted data of base station, to reach base station
The balancing energy of neighbouring node, and reduce base station energy of the node because of forwarding consumption nearby.So section number is biggish
The object above that reaches how node selects to number lesser node is problem to be solved.
It, should be as far as possible in network actual moving process since node is distinguished according to the hop count with base station communication
So that node is successively transmitted according to the sequence that section is numbered from big to small, avoid same section interior as far as possible or section
The transmission of number from small to large.
In the energy consumption balance policy of region, the concept of F value in EBACR is equally used, for cluster head and forwarding/relay this
Two major classes functionally have the node character types of larger differentiation, use different calculation methods.Residual energy of the algorithm based on node
The distance with node to base station is measured as two key parameters, calculates the F of cluster headCHThe algorithm of value more focuses on the residual energy of node
Amount needs additional energy to support because cluster head needs carry out certain integration to sub- node data；Calculate forwarding and relaying section
The F of pointRThe algorithm of value more focuses on the distance between node and base station, this is because the task of forwarding or relay node is exactly by base
The data of distal end of standing are transmitted to base station.Each sensor node compares the F of oneself and its neighbor nodeCHOr FRValue, if from
Oneself FCHOr FRIt is the largest, this node accordingly becomes leader cluster node or forwarding/relay node.
It in the present embodiment, is compared by emulation experiment with original EBACR algorithm, demonstrates improved S-EBACR and calculate
Method has better effect in terms of the energy consumption saving in terms of forwarding, as shown in table 1.As shown in Table 1 in 100 sensor nodes
When random distribution, using S-EBACR networking mode, every wheel that node can significantly reduce the complete situation lower node of network averagely turns
Number is sent out, to reduce the energy because of excessively forwarding consumption.In terms of network life, since S-EBACR is to Energy volution effect
Inhibiting effect, so that network life has 11% raising on the basis of former EBACR.It is 2 by the whole network energy consumption balance and Section
Energy consumption balance comparison with 3 node occurs as can be seen that S-EBACR more focuses on the harmony of the node energy consumption near base station
When first depleted of energy node, energy consumption balance has 20% raising compared to EBACR, and to the node of periphery, S-
The energy consumption balance of EBACR is then relatively poor, but due to its bear forwarding and data processing load it is less, it may not be necessary to excessively chase after
Seek energy consumption balance.
Effect of optimization comparison in the case of 1 100 sensor node random distributions of table
On the other hand, according to the data link layer of indoor wireless amr sensor network, the d ginseng based on location information is determined
Number link quality estimation method, and determine the transmitting signal strength ADAPTIVE CONTROL based on d parameter.
(1) according in indoor wireless meter reading application, feature known to wireless sensor node position is determined and is believed based on position
The d parameter link quality estimation method of breath.
In the present embodiment, a new d parameter is defined to react the situation of change of link-quality, without using other links
Quality evaluating method is primarily due to d parameter based on the actual range between transmitting-receiving node for example, RSSI, will be non-in transmission process
Dynamically stop to be equivalent under line of sight conditions the increment in distance with path loss caused by stationary barrier under line of sight conditions, sufficiently benefit
With the location information and environmental information of indoor wireless meter reading situation lower node.
In the present embodiment, d parameter be connection transmission energy consumption, packet reception rate, packet retransmission number key parameter.D parameter base
Actual range between transmitting-receiving node will dynamically stop to damage with path caused by stationary barrier under the conditions of non line of sight in transmission process
The increment being equivalent under line of sight conditions in distance is consumed, is included in d parameter in the form of increment α _ dynamic and α _ static respectively,
D parameter increase dynamic change model is obtained, d parameter increase dynamic change model indicates are as follows:
D=distance+ α (1)
α=α _ static+ α _ dynamic (2)
Wherein, distance indicates the actual range between transmitting-receiving node, unit m；The equivalent d parameter of α expression path loss
Increment is lost in increment, including dynamic route loss increment and static path；α _ static indicates that path caused by stationary barrier is damaged
Consume equivalent d parameter increase, unit m；α _ dynamic indicates the equivalent d parameter increase of path loss caused by dynamic blocking, unit m.
It in the present embodiment, will using d parameter for the energy consumption of network layer is associated with the link-quality of data link layer
Transmission energy consumption, packet reception rate, the several parameter combinations of packet retransmission number establish model；Wherein,
During calculating transmission energy consumption, for example, can have grade special for the programmable transmitting signal strength of CC1100
Property, calculate the transmitting energy consumption model corresponded under certain d parameter under actual conditions；
During calculating packet reception rate, model is established according to " distance-packet reception rate " relationship；
When calculating sending times, based on continual data package dropout number statistical matrix and drop probabilities model foundation packet loss number
Model is calculated, to calculate because packet loss retransmits the energy consumption generated.
When carrying out the energy consumption calculation of network layer emulation, prediction of energy consumption is converted by d parameter.In view of the hair of CC1100
Penetrating signal strength has a grade controllable characteristics (referred to as: having level characteristics), needs to establish a series of corresponding d ginseng of certain reliabilities in advance
Number, later judges the d parameter found out in real time, determines the transmitting signal strength gear used.
D parameter value be located at two transmitting signal strength gears reliable transmission distance between when, it is contemplated that transmitting-receiving node it
Between link reliability as primary constraint, i.e. single emission success rate should be used as dependent variable, using following relationship, determine reliable pass
Defeated distance:
Wherein, ds indicates reliable transmission distance；PnIndicate noise floor；γU(Prr) the corresponding d parameter distance of PRR is indicated
Under signal-to-noise ratio, PRR indicate packet reception rate (Packet Reception Rate)；PtIndicate transmitting signal strength；PL(d0) table
Show reference distance d0Under path loss, for example, 35dB can be taken in the present embodiment；N indicates path attenuation index (signal decay
Rate)；The variance of σ expression Gaussian random variable.
It should be understood that packet reception rate is normally used as the evaluation criterion of link-quality, it is considered that when one it is new
When link-quality evaluation criterion can accurately reflect packet reception rate variation, just has preferable accuracy.The present embodiment, can be false
If PRR=98%, then γU(Prr) signal-to-noise ratio in the case where packet reception rate is 98% requirement under corresponding d parameter distance is indicated.
(2) the transmitting signal strength ADAPTIVE CONTROL based on d parameter is determined
For the d parameter value changed at random, if two inter-node link d parameter values are in two transmitting signal strength gears
Between ds, control emits signal strength gear using high level-one to meet the requirement of single emission success rate.
After by obtaining d parameter value in (1), judge that d parameter value belongs to which section ds determines which kind of transmitting used
Signal strength gear；Transmitting signal strength and its corresponding reliable transmission distance are shown in Table 2；In this way, can not only enable link
Conserved signal intensity is obtained, meets reliability requirement, can also overcome d parameter fluctuation shadow caused by by RSSI value wherein included
It rings, and requires no complicated calculating, enhance the robustness of transmitting signal strength control.
Table 2 emits signal strength and its corresponding reliable transmission distance
(3) the transmitting signal strength ADAPTIVE CONTROL based on d parameter is emulated
In the present embodiment, it is based on d parameter, by using accordingly based on distance-energy consumption model under line of sight conditions, use
D parameter increase dynamic change model (formula (1)) is used as external interference, to verify the validity of d parameter increase dynamic change model,
Relationship model frame is as shown in Figure 5.
In the present embodiment, the link quality estimation method d parameter for indoor link is designed and verified, is surrounded
D parameter establishes the relationship model between reliability constraint, energy consumption and sending times, forms a whole set of simulation theory.Joined based on d
Number establishes the energy consumption control strategy for having level characteristics in conjunction with CC1100 transmitting signal strength, and to use by way of emulation
The transmitting signal strength control strategy of RSSI and d parameter compares, it was demonstrated that the transmitting signal strength based on d parameter controls plan
Validity slightly in terms of the reliability and in terms of energy consumption self adaptive control.
Finally, determining network cross-layer energy control strategy and to it according to the region energy consumption balance policy and d parameter of proposition
Carry out simulating, verifying:
In network layer S-EBACR algorithm operational process, determining for section parameter is needed according between data transmit-receive node
Reliable transmission distance between link d parameter policy calculation transmitting-receiving node under link reliability constraint, and according to determining reliable
Transmission range determines transmitting signal strength；Judge whether the reliable transmission distance is in link reliability between transmitting-receiving node
In maximum transmission distance under constraint；If being in, S-EBACR successively determines the most jete of nodal distance base station from inside to outside
Number, node is determined according to itself minimum hop count apart from base station to be belonged to and carries out networking by which section.
In the present embodiment, using combination S-EBACR algorithm and the transmitting signal strength automatic adjusument scheme based on d parameter
The cross-layer energy control strategy for simulating indoor environment is compared with the network performance not using cross-layer energy control strategy, is tested
The effect that sensor network cross-layer energy control method described in card the present embodiment obtains in terms of network life and capacity usage ratio
Fruit.Fig. 6 is the distributed in three dimensions situation of node when simulation run 30 is taken turns, and Fig. 7 is distribution situation of the node in floor.Between node
Line indicate each node of epicycle between connection state.
In the present embodiment, network life is that 0 node the wheel number passed through occurs to be brought into operation by network to first energy；
Capacity usage ratio is embodied by remaining gross energy percentage, when remaining gross energy percentage is the node that first energy of appearance is 0
The ratio between residue of network organization gross energy and network initial total energy.
Fig. 8, Fig. 9 are using the forward and backward failure node number of cross-layer energy control strategy and the variation signal of gross energy utilization rate
Figure；When cross-layer energy control strategy is not used, network life 34 is taken turns, remaining gross energy percentage 36%；Use cross-layer energy control
After system strategy, network life 78 is taken turns, dump energy percentage 23%.
Based on the above results, it is seen that using after cross-layer control strategy, node can be in the reliability base for meeting industry standard
It improves on plinth, in terms of network life to the 229% of the former service life, is improved in terms of capacity usage ratio to original 156%, so as to
Practical application interior joint energy utilization efficiency, reduction node battery replacement cost are improved to prove that cross-layer energy control strategy has
Effect.
To sum up, the present embodiment is according to the application characteristic of indoor wireless meter reading and its in network layer topology algorithm and link layer chain
The demand analysis of road quality estimation, for two main indicators of data transmission credibility and energy, it is determined that one kind is suitable for room
The sensor network cross-layer energy control method of interior radio meter register, mainly for Protocol of Wireless Snesor Network network layer and
Data link layer；Wherein,
In terms of network layer, analyze Topology Control Algorithm the characteristics of, and combine indoor wireless kilowatt meter reading-out system demand, in energy consumption
The node of equalizing self-adapting clustering networking (Energy-balanced Adaptive Clustering Routing, EBACR)
On role selecting manufacturing basis, proposes region energy consumption balance policy, more focus on the energy consumption balance of base station surroundings nodes, and examine
The inevitable property for considering Energy volution determines the adaptive clustering networking (Section-Energy- of region energy consumption balance
Balanced Adaptive Clustering Routing, S-EBACR) algorithm, so as to avoid Energy volution problem and mention
The high region energy consumption balance of network；
In terms of data link layer, a kind of new link quality estimation mode is defined --- link d joins between transmitting-receiving node
Number modes, around d parameter establish it is a kind of in view of actual transmission signal strength classification in the case of transmitting signal strength it is adaptive
Answer control strategy；And establish corresponding emulation energy consumption calculation algorithm and d dynamic state of parameters variation model, it was demonstrated that the hair based on d parameter
Penetrate the validity of signal strength ADAPTIVE CONTROL.
It is self-adaptive controlled in the S-EBACR networking Topology Algorithm of network layer and the d parameter transmitting signal strength of data link layer
On the basis of system strategy, in conjunction with cross-layer energy control strategy is proposed, by using cross-layer energy in the practical three-dimensional environment of analogue simulation
Network performance before and after amount control method, it was demonstrated that cross-layer energy control method is excellent in terms of gross energy utilization rate and network life
Change effect, has the double meaning of theory and practice.
Sensor network cross-layer energy control method described in the present embodiment is directed to data transmission credibility and energy two
Main indicator carries out targetedly optimization design to demand in terms of network layer and data link layer two, to reach following effect:
(1) in terms of reliability, using link reliability as primary constraint, it is ensured that data reliability guarantees the quality of data.
(2) it in terms of energy, is controlled in the case where meeting reliability constraint first using adaptive transmitting signal strength
Mechanism reduces energy consumption, improves network life；And S-EBACR networking mode is used, it is complete that node can significantly reduce network
Every wheel of situation lower node is averaged forwarding number, to reduce the energy because of excessively forwarding consumption.
(2) in terms of network life, since S-EBACR is to the inhibiting effect of Energy volution effect, so that network life is in original
There is 11% raising on the basis of EBACR.
Embodiment two
The present invention also provides a kind of specific embodiments of sensor network cross-layer energy control apparatus, since the present invention mentions
The sensor network cross-layer energy control apparatus of confession and the specific embodiment of sensor as aforementioned network cross-layer energy control method
Corresponding, which can be walked by the process executed in above method specific embodiment
It is rapid to achieve the object of the present invention, therefore explaining in the sensor network cross-layer energy control method specific embodiment
It is bright, it is also applied for the specific embodiment of sensor network cross-layer energy control apparatus provided by the invention, below the present invention
Specific embodiment in will not be described in great detail.
As shown in Figure 10, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of sensor network cross-layer energy control apparatus
First determining module 11, for determining link d parameter between transmitting-receiving node, wherein d parameter is based between transmitting-receiving node
Actual range will dynamically stop to be equivalent to sighting distance item with path loss caused by stationary barrier under the conditions of non line of sight in transmission process
Increment under part in distance；
Second determining module 12, for according to determining d parameter value, determining between transmitting-receiving node under link reliability constraint
Reliable transmission distance determine transmitting signal strength and according to determining reliable transmission distance；
Judgment module 13, for judging whether the reliable transmission distance is in link reliability constraint between transmitting-receiving node
Under maximum transmission distance in；
Third determining module 14, if successively determining the minimum hop count of nodal distance base station, section from inside to outside for being in
Point according to minimum hop count of itself determining apart from base station determine itself belonging to region and carry out networking.
Sensor network cross-layer energy control apparatus described in the embodiment of the present invention determines link d parameter between transmitting-receiving node,
Wherein, d parameter is based on the actual range between transmitting-receiving node, will dynamically stop under the conditions of non line of sight in transmission process and stationary barrier
Caused by path loss be equivalent under line of sight conditions the increment in distance；According to determining d parameter value, determine between transmitting-receiving node
Reliable transmission distance under link reliability constraint, and according to determining reliable transmission distance, transmitting signal strength is determined, with true
Data reliability is protected, guarantees the quality of data；Judge whether the reliable transmission distance is in link reliability between transmitting-receiving node
In maximum transmission distance under constraint；If being in, the minimum hop count of nodal distance base station, node root are successively determined from inside to outside
The region belonging to itself is determined according to the minimum hop count of determining itself apart from base station and carries out networking, the networking mode based on region
Energy consumption can be reduced, network life is improved.
In the specific embodiment of sensor as aforementioned network cross-layer energy control apparatus, further, d parameter is indicated
Are as follows:
D=distance+ α
α=α _ static+ α _ dynamic
Wherein, distance indicates the actual range between transmitting-receiving node；The equivalent d parameter increase of α expression path loss；α_
Static indicates the equivalent d parameter increase of path loss caused by stationary barrier；α _ dynamic indicates path caused by dynamic blocking
Equivalent d parameter increase is lost.
In the specific embodiment of sensor as aforementioned network cross-layer energy control apparatus, further, reliable transmission away from
From expression are as follows:
Wherein, ds indicates reliable transmission distance；PnIndicate noise floor；γU(Prr) it indicates under the corresponding d parameter of PRR
Signal-to-noise ratio, PRR indicate packet reception rate；PtIndicate transmitting signal strength；PL(d0) indicate reference distance d0Under path loss；N table
Show path attenuation index；The variance of σ expression Gaussian random variable.
In the specific embodiment of sensor as aforementioned network cross-layer energy control apparatus, further, described second really
Cover half block, for having level characteristics for transmitting signal strength, if d parameter value is between the ds of two transmitting signal strength gears,
It then controls and emits signal strength gear using high level-one to emit signal.
In the specific embodiment of sensor as aforementioned network cross-layer energy control apparatus, further, the affiliated area of node
The number in domain is minimum hop count of the node itself apart from base station；
In node and base station communication, the node successively transmits information according to the sequence of zone number from big to small.
It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second and the like are used merely to a reality
Body or operation are distinguished with another entity or operation, are deposited without necessarily requiring or implying between these entities or operation
In any actual relationship or order or sequence.
The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those skilled in the art
For, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of sensor network cross-layer energy control method characterized by comprising
Determine link d parameter between transmitting-receiving node, wherein d parameter, will be non-in transmission process based on the actual range between transmitting-receiving node
Dynamically stop to be equivalent under line of sight conditions the increment in distance with path loss caused by stationary barrier under line of sight conditions；
According to determining d parameter value, the reliable transmission distance between transmitting-receiving node under link reliability constraint is determined, and according to true
Fixed reliable transmission distance determines transmitting signal strength；
Judge whether the reliable transmission distance is in the maximum transmission distance between transmitting-receiving node under link reliability constraint；
If being in, the minimum hop count of nodal distance base station is successively determined from inside to outside, node is according to determining itself apart from base
The minimum hop count stood determines the region belonging to itself and carries out networking.
2. sensor network cross-layer energy control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that d parameter is expressed as:
D=distance+ α
α=α _ static+ α _ dynamic
Wherein, distance indicates the actual range between transmitting-receiving node；The equivalent d parameter increase of α expression path loss；α_
Static indicates the equivalent d parameter increase of path loss caused by stationary barrier；α _ dynamic indicates path caused by dynamic blocking
Equivalent d parameter increase is lost.
3. sensor network cross-layer energy control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that reliable transmission is apart from table
It is shown as:
Wherein, ds indicates reliable transmission distance；PnIndicate noise floor；γU(Prr) noise under the corresponding d parameter of PRR is indicated
Than PRR indicates packet reception rate；PtIndicate transmitting signal strength；PL(d0) indicate reference distance d0Under path loss；N indicates road
Diameter damped expoential；The variance of σ expression Gaussian random variable.
4. sensor network cross-layer energy control method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described according to determining
Reliable transmission distance determines that transmitting signal strength includes:
There are level characteristics for transmitting signal strength, if d parameter value is between the ds of two transmitting signal strength gears, control makes
Emit signal strength gear with high level-one to emit signal.
5. sensor network cross-layer energy control method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that node affiliated area
Number is minimum hop count of the node itself apart from base station；
In node and base station communication, the node successively transmits information according to the sequence of zone number from big to small.
6. a kind of sensor network cross-layer energy control apparatus characterized by comprising
First determining module, for determining link d parameter between transmitting-receiving node, wherein d parameter based between transmitting-receiving node it is practical away from
From, will under the conditions of non line of sight in transmission process dynamically stop and stationary barrier caused by path loss be equivalent under line of sight conditions away from
From upper increment；
Second determining module, it is reliable under link reliability constraint between transmitting-receiving node for determining according to determining d parameter value
Transmission range, and according to determining reliable transmission distance, determine transmitting signal strength；
Judgment module, for judging whether the reliable transmission distance is between transmitting-receiving node under link reliability constraint most
In big transmission range；
Third determining module, if for being in, from inside to outside successively determine nodal distance base station minimum hop count, node according to
The minimum hop count of determining itself apart from base station determines the region belonging to itself and carries out networking.
7. sensor network cross-layer energy control apparatus according to claim 6, which is characterized in that d parameter is expressed as:
D=distance+ α
α=α _ static+ α _ dynamic
Wherein, distance indicates the actual range between transmitting-receiving node；The equivalent d parameter increase of α expression path loss；α_
Static indicates the equivalent d parameter increase of path loss caused by stationary barrier；α _ dynamic indicates path caused by dynamic blocking
Equivalent d parameter increase is lost.
8. sensor network cross-layer energy control apparatus according to claim 6, which is characterized in that reliable transmission is apart from table
It is shown as:
Wherein, ds indicates reliable transmission distance；PnIndicate noise floor；γU(Prr) noise under the corresponding d parameter of PRR is indicated
Than PRR indicates packet reception rate；PtIndicate transmitting signal strength；PL(d0) indicate reference distance d0Under path loss；N indicates road
Diameter damped expoential；The variance of σ expression Gaussian random variable.
9. sensor network cross-layer energy control apparatus according to claim 8, which is characterized in that described second determines mould
Block, if d parameter value is between the ds of two transmitting signal strength gears, is controlled for having level characteristics for transmitting signal strength
System emits signal strength gear using high level-one to emit signal.
10. sensor network cross-layer energy control apparatus according to claim 6, which is characterized in that node affiliated area
Number be minimum hop count of the node itself apart from base station；
In node and base station communication, the node successively transmits information according to the sequence of zone number from big to small.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811379081.5A CN109392055B (en) | 2018-11-19 | 2018-11-19 | Sensor network cross-layer energy control method and device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811379081.5A CN109392055B (en) | 2018-11-19 | 2018-11-19 | Sensor network cross-layer energy control method and device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109392055A true CN109392055A (en) | 2019-02-26 |
| CN109392055B CN109392055B (en) | 2020-07-10 |
Family
ID=65428962
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811379081.5A Active CN109392055B (en) | 2018-11-19 | 2018-11-19 | Sensor network cross-layer energy control method and device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109392055B (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20130336185A1 (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2013-12-19 | The Research Foundation For The State University Of New York | Apparatus and method for recharge-triggered wake-up for power management in wireless sensor networks |
| CN103607750A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-26 | 南京邮电大学 | Relay selection method based on terminal straight-through communication in next-generation cellular system |
| CN103716808A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-09 | 合肥工业大学 | Wireless sensor network link quality prediction method |
| US20160226575A1 (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2016-08-04 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Methods and apparatus for a tdma mesh network |
| CN106781398A (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-05-31 | 国网江苏省电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of multilist collection copies the LoRa wireless meter reading methods of communication interface converter |
-
2018
- 2018-11-19 CN CN201811379081.5A patent/CN109392055B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20130336185A1 (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2013-12-19 | The Research Foundation For The State University Of New York | Apparatus and method for recharge-triggered wake-up for power management in wireless sensor networks |
| US20160226575A1 (en) * | 2013-09-17 | 2016-08-04 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Methods and apparatus for a tdma mesh network |
| CN103607750A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-26 | 南京邮电大学 | Relay selection method based on terminal straight-through communication in next-generation cellular system |
| CN103716808A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-04-09 | 合肥工业大学 | Wireless sensor network link quality prediction method |
| CN106781398A (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-05-31 | 国网江苏省电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of multilist collection copies the LoRa wireless meter reading methods of communication interface converter |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 任鹏: ""基于跨层设计的煤矿井下无线传感器网络路由协议研究"", 《信息科技辑》 * |
| 田勇: ""高速列车齿轮箱箱体故障诊断及跨尺度寿命预测研究"", 《电子与信息学报》 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109392055B (en) | 2020-07-10 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Sun et al. | Dynamic digital twin and federated learning with incentives for air-ground networks | |
| Sun et al. | WNN-LQE: Wavelet-neural-network-based link quality estimation for smart grid WSNs | |
| Iyer et al. | Performance analysis of wireless mesh routing protocols for smart utility networks | |
| CN104394537B (en) | A kind of Wireless Mesh router disposition optimization method of multiple target concern | |
| CN107241776B (en) | A kind of wireless sensor network data fusion method mixing delay sensitive sub-clustering | |
| Sangeetha et al. | An improved congestion-aware routing mechanism in sensor networks using fuzzy rule sets | |
| Anupong et al. | Towards a high precision in AMI-based smart meters and new technologies in the smart grid | |
| CN103581974A (en) | Link quality assessment method and system | |
| CN106028417B (en) | A kind of wireless sensor network paths planning method based on node energy consumption and dump energy | |
| CN108064064A (en) | Wireless sensor network Ad Hoc is by method and apparatus | |
| Halder et al. | Design of a probability density function targeting energy-efficient node deployment in wireless sensor networks | |
| CN105050095A (en) | Topology construction method for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks based on energy prediction | |
| CN105188084B (en) | A kind of wireless sensor network routing optimization method based on congestion control | |
| Safaei et al. | Objective function: A key contributor in Internet of Things primitive properties | |
| Qiu et al. | A 3-D topology evolution scheme with self-adaption for industrial Internet of Things | |
| Zhao et al. | Reinforcement learning–enabled efficient data gathering in underground wireless sensor networks | |
| Peng et al. | An Improved Energy‐Aware Routing Protocol Using Multiobjective Particular Swarm Optimization Algorithm | |
| CN105704754B (en) | A kind of wireless sensor network routing method | |
| CN109392055A (en) | A kind of sensor network cross-layer energy control method and device | |
| Silva et al. | A Cluster-based Approach to provide Energy-Efficient in WSN | |
| CN110049465A (en) | A kind of water area monitoring communication means based on WSN | |
| Matsuura | New routing framework for RPL: Constructing power-efficient wireless sensor network | |
| CN110392409A (en) | WMSNs multipath QoS method for routing, system and storage medium based on power distribution communication net | |
| Gao et al. | An indoor positioning and prewarning system based on wireless sensor network routing algorithm | |
| Xenakis et al. | Energy-aware joint power, packet and topology optimization by simulated annealing for WSNs |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |