CN109390690B - Antenna unit and array antenna applied to 5G - Google Patents
Antenna unit and array antenna applied to 5G Download PDFInfo
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- CN109390690B CN109390690B CN201811530145.7A CN201811530145A CN109390690B CN 109390690 B CN109390690 B CN 109390690B CN 201811530145 A CN201811530145 A CN 201811530145A CN 109390690 B CN109390690 B CN 109390690B
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
- H01Q1/523—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
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Abstract
The invention discloses an antenna unit and an array antenna applied to 5G, wherein a radiation patch in the antenna unit is a metal frame formed by surrounding four rectangles, the size of the antenna is reduced, and the antenna can cover 3.4GHz and 4.9GHz frequency bands of 5G. Meanwhile, the antenna units are symmetrical about the center, so that the frequency band covered by the antenna cannot be changed at the symmetrical position of the microstrip feeder, and the antenna array is convenient. Through two radiating element arrays and the addition of a decoupling network on the ground plane, the working frequency band of the antenna meets the double-frequency characteristics of 2.98GHz-3.78GHz and 4.62GHz-5.36GHz, and can cover the working frequency bands of 3.3GHz-3.6GHz and 4.8GHz-5GHz required by 5G; by adjusting the decoupling network, the isolation between the antenna units is effectively improved, and the operation of the array antenna is ensured; the array antenna has novel and simple structure, small volume and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, relates to a double-frequency miniaturized antenna unit and an array antenna, and particularly relates to an antenna unit and an array antenna applied to 5G.
Background
With the current rapid development of wireless communication systems, the commercial use of the fifth generation mobile communication technology (5G) is in the eye. As a most important functional component in a mobile communication system, research and design of a terminal antenna for 5G communication applications have become a hot spot in recent years. The national industry and informatization department in 2017 issues that the related matters notification about the frequency bands of 3300MHz-3600 MHz and 4800MHz-5000 MHz used by the fifth generation mobile communication system determines the 5G commercial communication frequency band in China, and one of the key devices of the 5G communication system is the 5G antenna system. In order to meet the high-rate information transmission requirement of 5G, it is therefore necessary to increase the gain of an array antenna formed by a plurality of antenna element groups and to achieve an increase in information transmission capacity by a plurality of antennas. As an array antenna applied to a terminal device, an antenna system is required to have characteristics of small size, small volume, and good radiation characteristics. The size of the array antenna is reduced by reducing the space between the antenna units, but as the space between the antenna units is reduced, the mutual coupling phenomenon can be generated between the antenna units, so that the working efficiency of the array antenna is affected, and the isolation between the antenna units is required to be improved, and the normal operation of an antenna system is ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an antenna unit and an array antenna applied to 5G, which are used for improving the antenna gain and the channel capacity and reducing the volume and the size of the antenna.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is that an antenna unit applied to 5G is designed, the antenna unit comprises a radiation patch (106), a microstrip feeder (107) and a ground plane (108), wherein the ground plane (108) is printed at the bottom of the back surface of a first dielectric substrate (101) and covers the lower edge, the left edge and the right edge of the back surface of the first dielectric substrate (101); the front of the first dielectric substrate (101) is printed with a radiation patch (106) and a microstrip feeder (107), the radiation patch (106) is connected with the microstrip feeder (107), the radiation patch (106) is arranged at the upper part of the front of the first dielectric substrate (101) and the periphery of the radiation patch is not covered with the edge of the first dielectric substrate (101), one end of the microstrip feeder (107) is connected below one side of the radiation patch (106), and the other end of the microstrip feeder extends to the lower edge of the first dielectric substrate (101);
the radiation patch (106) is a rectangular metal frame formed by the interconnection of a first rectangular patch (102), a second rectangular patch (103), a third rectangular patch (104) and a fourth rectangular patch (105), and the rectangular metal frame is symmetrical about the central line of the first dielectric substrate (101); the microstrip feeder line (107) is rectangular and is positioned at one side below the rectangular metal frame; the ground plane (108) is rectangular.
Further, the invention relates to an array antenna applied to 5G, which comprises two antenna units and a decoupling network, wherein the two antenna units are symmetrical and the radiation patch is printed on a second dielectric substrate (200) without electric contact; the two sides of the front surface of the second medium substrate (200) are respectively provided with a first radiation unit (201) and a second radiation unit (202), each radiation unit comprises a radiation patch and a microstrip feeder, and the microstrip feeders of the two radiation units are positioned at the inner side of the second medium substrate (200); the decoupling network is printed on the back of the second dielectric substrate (200), and the lower end of the decoupling network is connected with the grounding surface of each antenna unit respectively; the decoupling network is formed by mutually nesting and connecting three U-shaped metal patches, and is symmetrical about the central line of a second dielectric substrate (200);
the decoupling network is positioned at the upper part of the grounding surface and is formed by mutually nesting and connecting a first U-shaped metal patch (U1), a second U-shaped metal patch (U2) and a third U-shaped metal patch (U3), and the open ends of the three U-shaped metal patches are downward; the decoupling networks are connected with the grounding surface and are symmetrically arranged about the central line of the second dielectric substrate (200); the two ends of the lower part of the first U-shaped metal patch (U1) in the decoupling network are respectively connected with the grounding surfaces of the two antenna units; a second U-shaped metal patch (U2) in the decoupling network is positioned at the upper part of the first U-shaped metal patch (U1) and is connected with the first U-shaped metal patch, and a third U-shaped metal patch (U3) in the decoupling network is positioned at the upper part of the second U-shaped metal patch (U2) and is connected with the second U-shaped metal patch;
the first grounding surface (204) and the second grounding surface (203) of the two antenna units are placed 4mm apart and are printed on the back surface of the second dielectric substrate (200).
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the radiation patch in the antenna unit is a metal frame formed by surrounding four rectangles, so that the size of the antenna is effectively reduced, and the antenna can cover the 3.4GHz and 4.9GHz frequency bands of 5G. Meanwhile, the antenna units are symmetrical about the center, so that the frequency band covered by the antenna cannot be changed at the symmetrical position of the microstrip feeder, and the antenna array can be conveniently assembled. Through two radiating element arrays and the addition of a decoupling network on the ground plane, the working frequency band of the antenna meets the double-frequency characteristics of 2.98GHz-3.78GHz and 4.62GHz-5.36GHz, and can cover the working frequency bands of 3.3GHz-3.6GHz and 4.8GHz-5GHz required by 5G; by adjusting the decoupling network, the isolation between the antenna units is effectively improved, and the operation of the array antenna is ensured; the array antenna has novel and simple structure, small volume and low cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a front structure of an embodiment of an antenna unit to which the present invention is applied in 5G.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a back structure of an embodiment of the antenna unit to which the present invention is applied in 5G.
Fig. 3 is a return loss graph of an antenna element applied to 5G in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a voltage standing wave ratio chart of the antenna unit applied to 5G in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a radiation pattern at 3.4GHz of the antenna unit applied to 5G in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a radiation pattern at 4.9GHz of an antenna element applied to 5G in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a front structure of an embodiment of the invention applied to the array antenna of 5G.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a back structure of an embodiment of the present invention applied to the array antenna of 5G.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a decoupling network structure of an embodiment of the present invention applied to the array antenna of 5G.
Fig. 10 is a return loss graph of an array antenna applied to 5G in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a graph showing forward reflection between units of the array antenna applied to 5G in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a voltage standing wave ratio chart of the array antenna applied to 5G in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a radiation pattern at 3.4GHz of an array antenna applied to 5G in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a radiation pattern at 4.9GHz of the array antenna applied to 5G in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a graph of peak gain applied to the 5G array antenna in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings.
The invention provides an antenna unit (refer to fig. 1-2 for short) applied to 5G, comprising a radiation patch 106, a microstrip feeder 107 and a ground plane 108, wherein the ground plane 108 is printed at the bottom of the back of a first dielectric substrate 101 and covers the lower edge and the left and right side edges of the back of the first dielectric substrate 101; the front surface of the first dielectric substrate 101 is printed with a radiation patch 106 and a microstrip feeder 107, the radiation patch 106 is connected with the microstrip feeder 107, the radiation patch 106 is arranged at the upper part of the front surface of the first dielectric substrate 101, the periphery of the radiation patch is not covered with the edge of the first dielectric substrate 101, one end of the microstrip feeder 107 is connected below one side of the radiation patch 106, and the other end of the microstrip feeder extends to the lower edge of the first dielectric substrate 101;
the radiation patch 106 is a rectangular metal frame formed by the interconnection of the first rectangular patch 102, the second rectangular patch 103, the third rectangular patch 104 and the fourth rectangular patch 105, and the rectangular metal frame is symmetrical about the center line of the first dielectric substrate 101; the microstrip feeder 107 is rectangular and is positioned at one side below the rectangular metal frame; the ground plane 108 is rectangular.
The lengths and the widths of the first rectangular patch 102 and the third rectangular patch 104 are equal, and are oppositely arranged about the central line of the first dielectric substrate 101 to form a symmetrical structure; the second rectangular patch 103 and the fourth rectangular patch 105 have equal lengths and unequal widths, wherein the large width is positioned below the small width;
further, the present invention provides an array antenna applied to 5G (for short, refer to fig. 7-9), where the array antenna includes two antenna units and a decoupling network, the two antenna units are symmetrical and the radiating patches are printed on the second dielectric substrate 200 without electrical contact, two sides of the front surface of the second dielectric substrate 200 are respectively a first radiating unit 201 and a second radiating unit 202, each radiating unit includes a radiating patch and a microstrip feeder, and the microstrip feeders of the two radiating units are located on the inner side (outside the left and right side edge orientations of the dielectric substrate) of the second dielectric substrate 200. The decoupling network is printed on the back surface of the second dielectric substrate 200, and the lower end of the decoupling network is connected with the ground plane of each antenna unit respectively. The decoupling network is formed by mutually nesting and connecting three U-shaped metal patches, and is symmetrical about the central line of the second dielectric substrate 200; the isolation between the antenna units can be effectively improved through the branches added by the decoupling network.
The decoupling network is positioned at the upper part of the grounding surface and is formed by mutually nesting and connecting a first U-shaped metal patch U1, a second U-shaped metal patch U2 and a third U-shaped metal patch U3, and the open ends of the three U-shaped metal patches are downward; the decoupling networks are connected with the ground plane and are symmetrically arranged about the central line of the second dielectric substrate 200; the two ends of the lower part of the first U-shaped metal patch U1 in the decoupling network are respectively connected with the grounding surfaces of the two antenna units; the second U-shaped metal patch U2 in the decoupling network is positioned on the upper part of the first U-shaped metal patch U1 and is connected with the first U-shaped metal patch U1, and the third U-shaped metal patch U3 in the decoupling network is positioned on the upper part of the second U-shaped metal patch U2 and is connected with the second U-shaped metal patch U3.
Example 1
The embodiment 1 provides an antenna unit applied to 5G, which comprises a radiation patch 106, a microstrip feeder 107 and a ground plane 108, wherein the ground plane 108 is printed at the bottom of the back surface of a first dielectric substrate 101 and covers the lower edge and the left and right side edges of the back surface of the first dielectric substrate 101; the front surface of the first dielectric substrate 101 is printed with a radiation patch 106 and a microstrip feeder 107, the radiation patch 106 is connected with the microstrip feeder 107, the radiation patch 106 is arranged at the upper part of the front surface of the first dielectric substrate 101, the periphery of the radiation patch is not covered with the edge of the first dielectric substrate 101, one end of the microstrip feeder 107 is connected below one side of the radiation patch 106, and the other end of the microstrip feeder extends to the lower edge of the first dielectric substrate 101;
the radiation patch 106 is a rectangular metal frame formed by the interconnection of the first rectangular patch 102, the second rectangular patch 103, the third rectangular patch 104 and the fourth rectangular patch 105, and the rectangular metal frame is symmetrical about the center line of the first dielectric substrate 101; the microstrip feeder 107 is rectangular and is positioned at one side below the rectangular metal frame; the ground plane 108 is rectangular.
The lengths and the widths of the first rectangular patch 102 and the third rectangular patch 104 are equal, and are oppositely arranged about the central line of the first dielectric substrate 101 to form a symmetrical structure; the second rectangular patch 103 and the fourth rectangular patch 105 have equal lengths and unequal widths, wherein the large width is positioned below the small width;
in this embodiment, the first dielectric substrate 101 is rectangular in shape, and is made of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and has a dielectric constant of 3.5, and the length, width and height dimensions of the first dielectric substrate 101 are 19mm×34mm×1.6mm;
the radiation patch 106 is formed by interconnecting a first rectangular patch 102, a second rectangular patch 103, a third rectangular patch 104 and a fourth rectangular patch 105. The length ab of the first rectangular patch 102 is 20mm, and the width bd is 5mm; the length cf of the second rectangular patch 103 is 16mm, and the width fg is 0.5mm; the length gh of the third rectangular patch 104 is 20mm, and the width eg is 5mm; the length kj of the fourth rectangular patch 105 is 16mm, and the width hj is 1mm;
the length and width dimensions of the microstrip feeder 107 are 4.5mm×11mm, the distance between the center line of the microstrip feeder 107 and the center line of the first dielectric substrate 101 is 4mm, and the microstrip feeder is 4mm away from the left side or 4mm away from the right side of the center line of the first dielectric substrate 101, so that the working frequency of the antenna is not affected;
the length and width dimensions of the ground plane 108 are 19mm x 11mm;
fig. 3 is a return loss curve of the antenna unit of the present embodiment, and it is seen from fig. 3 that the return loss of the antenna unit is less than-10 dB in the frequency bands of 3.04GHz-4.94GHz and 4.52GHz-5.48GHz, which enables the antenna unit to operate in the frequency bands of 3.04GHz-4.94GHz and 4.52GHz-5.48GHz, and the return loss of the antenna unit is greater than-10 dB in the frequency bands of 3.3GHz-3.6GHz and 4.8GHz-5.0GHz, which enables the antenna unit to effectively operate in the 5G frequency band.
Fig. 4 is a voltage standing wave ratio graph of the antenna unit of the present embodiment, and it can be seen from the graph that the voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna unit is less than 2 in the frequency band with the return loss less than-10 dB, so as to meet the engineering requirement.
Fig. 5 and fig. 6 are diagrams of the antenna unit according to the present embodiment, where E/H refers to an electric field or a magnetic field, and the radiation patterns of the antenna unit according to the present embodiment have good directivity on the H plane and the E plane, respectively, when the frequencies of the antenna unit are 3.4GHz and 4.9 GHz.
The antenna unit has the advantages of small volume, simple structure and wide working frequency band, can be suitable for a 5G system, has good working directivity and small volume, is favorable for array formation and forms an array antenna.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides an array antenna applied to 5G (see fig. 7-9), where the array antenna includes two antenna units and a decoupling network, the two antenna units are symmetrical and the radiating patches are printed on the second dielectric substrate 200 without electrical contact, two sides of the front surface of the second dielectric substrate 200 are respectively a first radiating unit 201 and a second radiating unit 202, each radiating unit includes a radiating patch and a microstrip feeder, and the microstrip feeders of the two radiating units are located on the inner sides of the second dielectric substrate 200 (outside the left and right side edge orientations of the dielectric substrate). The decoupling network is printed on the back surface of the second dielectric substrate 200, and the lower end of the decoupling network is connected with the ground plane of each antenna unit respectively. The decoupling network is formed by mutually nesting and connecting three U-shaped metal patches, and is symmetrical about the central line of the second dielectric substrate 200; the isolation between the antenna units can be effectively improved through the branches added by the decoupling network.
The decoupling network (see fig. 9) is positioned at the upper part of the grounding surface and is formed by mutually nesting and connecting a first U-shaped metal patch U1, a second U-shaped metal patch U2 and a third U-shaped metal patch U3, and the open ends of the three U-shaped metal patches are downward; the decoupling networks are connected with the ground plane and are symmetrically arranged about the central line of the second dielectric substrate 200; the two ends of the lower part of the first U-shaped metal patch U1 in the decoupling network are respectively connected with the grounding surfaces of the two antenna units; the second U-shaped metal patch U2 in the decoupling network is positioned on the upper part of the first U-shaped metal patch U1 and is connected with the first U-shaped metal patch U1, and the third U-shaped metal patch U3 in the decoupling network is positioned on the upper part of the second U-shaped metal patch U2 and is connected with the second U-shaped metal patch U3. By adding the decoupling network, the isolation between the antenna units can be effectively improved.
In this embodiment, the second dielectric substrate 200 is rectangular in shape, and is made of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and has a dielectric constant of 3.5, and the length, width and height dimensions of the second dielectric substrate 200 are 42mm×34mm×1.6mm.
The first grounding surface 204 and the second grounding surface 203 of the two antenna units are placed 4mm apart and are printed on the back surface of the second dielectric substrate 200; the dimensions of the first radiating element 201, the second radiating element 202, the first ground plane 204, and the second ground plane 203 are the same as those of embodiment 1;
the first U-shaped metal patch U1 is composed of two fifth rectangular patches U101 and a sixth rectangular patch U102, wherein the two fifth rectangular patches U101 are symmetrically placed on the center line of the second medium substrate 200, the sixth rectangular patch U102 is positioned at the top of the two fifth rectangular patches U101, and two tail ends of the sixth rectangular patch U102 are respectively aligned with the outer sides of the two fifth rectangular patches U101; the length and width dimensions of the sixth rectangular patch U102 are 25mm multiplied by 0.5mm, and the length and width dimensions of the fifth rectangular patch U101 are 0.5mm multiplied by 2.1mm; the distance between the two fifth rectangular patches U101 is 24mm; the distance mn between the right side fifth rectangular patch U101 and the upper left end point of the first ground plane 204 is 10mm.
The second U-shaped metal patch U2 is composed of two seventh rectangular patches U201 and one eighth rectangular patch U202, wherein the two seventh rectangular patches U201 are symmetrically placed with respect to the center line of the second dielectric substrate 200, the eighth rectangular patch U202 is positioned at the top of the two seventh rectangular patches U201, and two ends of the eighth rectangular patch U202 are respectively aligned with the outer sides of the two seventh rectangular patches U201; the distance op between the right-side seventh rectangular patch U201 and the fifth rectangular patch U101 is 8.9mm; the length and width dimensions of the seventh rectangular patch U201 are 0.5mm×2mm, and the length and width dimensions of the eighth rectangular patch U202 are 7.2mm×0.4mm.
The third U-shaped metal patch U3 is symmetrical about the center line of the second dielectric substrate 200 and consists of two nine-square patches U301 and one ten-square patch U302, wherein the two nine-square patches U301 are symmetrically placed about the center line of the second dielectric substrate 200, the ten-square patches U302 are positioned at the top of the two nine-square patches U301, and the two tail ends of the ten-square patches U302 are respectively aligned with the outer sides of the two nine-square patches U301; the length and width dimensions of the nine-size rectangular patch U301 are 0.1mm×7.1mm, and the length and width dimensions of the ten-size rectangular patch U302 are 7.2mm×0.3mm.
Fig. 10 is a return loss curve of the array antenna of the present embodiment, and it is seen from fig. 10 that the return loss of the array antenna is less than-10 dB in the frequency bands of 2.98GHz-3.78GHz and 4.62GHz-5.36GHz, and fig. 11 is a forward reflection curve between the array antenna units of the present embodiment, and it is seen from fig. 11 that the forward reflection coefficient of the array antenna is lower than-15 dB in the frequency bands of 3.25GHz-3.67GHz and 4.82GHz-5.15 GHz; the array antenna can work in the frequency bands of 3.25GHz-3.67GHz and 4.82GHz-5.15GHz, the return loss in the frequency bands of 3.3GHz-3.6GHz and 4.8GHz-5.0GHz is larger than-10 dB, and the forward reflection coefficient among antenna units is lower than-15 dB, so that the array antenna can work in the 5G frequency band effectively;
fig. 12 is a voltage standing wave ratio graph of the array antenna of the present embodiment, where it can be seen that the voltage standing wave ratio of the array antenna is less than 2 in the frequency band with the return loss less than-10 dB, so as to meet the engineering requirement;
fig. 13 and 14 are diagrams of the antenna corresponding to the array antenna of the present embodiment at frequencies of 3.4GHz and 4.9GHz, respectively, where E/H refers to an electric field or a magnetic field, and it can be seen from the diagrams that the radiation pattern of the array antenna of the present embodiment has omnidirectionality on the H plane and good directivity on the E plane, because the two antenna units are symmetrically placed about the center line, when the dual antenna works, the two antenna units can be superimposed on the radiation direction field to form omnidirectional radiation;
fig. 15 is a peak gain diagram of the array antenna of the present embodiment, in which the abscissa in fig. 15 is frequency, and the ordinate is gain size, and it can be seen from fig. 15 that the gain of the array antenna in the frequency bands of 3.4GHz-3.6GHz and 4.8GHz-5GHz is greater than 4.5dB, which indicates that the array antenna has a higher gain in the operating frequency band;
the array antenna has the advantages of small volume and simple structure, the distance between the antennas can be greatly reduced through the use of a decoupling network, the two antenna units can be ensured to work normally, and good omnidirectional radiation characteristics are formed through the symmetrical placement of the two antennas.
The invention is applicable to the prior art where it is not described.
Claims (2)
1. The array antenna applied to 5G is characterized by comprising two antenna units and a decoupling network, wherein the two antenna units are symmetrical and the radiation patches are printed on a second dielectric substrate (200) without electrical contact; the antenna unit I comprises a radiation unit I (201) and a grounding surface I (204), and the antenna unit II comprises a radiation unit II (202) and a grounding surface II (203); the first radiating unit (201) and the second radiating unit (202) are respectively printed on the left side and the right side of the front surface of the second dielectric substrate (200), the second grounding surface (203) and the first grounding surface (204) are placed at a distance of 4mm, and are printed on the back surface of the second dielectric substrate (200);
each radiation unit comprises a radiation patch (106) and a microstrip feeder (107), the radiation patch (106) is connected with the microstrip feeder (107), the radiation patch (106) is arranged at the upper part of one side of the front surface of the second dielectric substrate (200) and the periphery of the radiation patch is not covered with the edge of the second dielectric substrate (200), one end of the microstrip feeder (107) is connected below one side of the radiation patch (106), and the other end of the microstrip feeder extends to the lower edge of the second dielectric substrate (200); the second grounding surface (203) and the first grounding surface (204) are respectively printed on the left side and the right side of the bottom of the back surface of the second dielectric substrate (200), wherein the left grounding surface covers the lower edge and the left side edge of the back surface of the second dielectric substrate (200), and the right grounding surface covers the lower edge and the right side edge of the back surface of the second dielectric substrate (200);
the grounding surface is rectangular; the radiating patches (106) are rectangular metal frames formed by the interconnection of a first rectangular patch (102), a second rectangular patch (103), a third rectangular patch (104) and a fourth rectangular patch (105), and the rectangular metal frames are symmetrical about the central line of the grounding surface of the corresponding radiating unit; the microstrip feeder line (107) is rectangular and is positioned at one side below the rectangular metal frame;
the first rectangular patch (102) and the third rectangular patch (104) are equal in length and width, are oppositely arranged about the central line of the grounding surface of the corresponding radiating unit, and are in a symmetrical structure; the second rectangular patch (103) and the fourth rectangular patch (105) are equal in length and different in width, wherein the large width is positioned below the small width;
the length dimension of the first rectangular patch (102) is 20mm, and the width dimension is 5mm; the length dimension of the second rectangular patch (103) is 16mm, and the width dimension is 0.5mm; the length dimension of the third rectangular patch (104) is 20mm, and the width dimension is 5mm; the length dimension of the fourth rectangular patch (105) is 16mm, and the width dimension is 1mm;
the length and width dimensions of the microstrip feeder lines (107) are 4.5mm multiplied by 11mm, the distance between the center line of the microstrip feeder lines (107) and the center line of the grounding surface of the corresponding radiation unit is 4mm, and the microstrip feeder lines of the two radiation units are positioned on the inner side of the second dielectric substrate (200); the length and width dimensions of the second grounding surface (203) and the first grounding surface (204) are 19mm multiplied by 11mm;
the decoupling network is printed on the back of the second dielectric substrate (200), and the lower end of the decoupling network is connected with the grounding surface of each antenna unit respectively; the decoupling network is formed by mutually nesting and connecting three U-shaped metal patches, and is symmetrical about the central line of a second dielectric substrate (200);
the decoupling network is positioned at the upper part of the grounding surface and is formed by mutually nesting and connecting a first U-shaped metal patch (U1), a second U-shaped metal patch (U2) and a third U-shaped metal patch (U3), and the open ends of the three U-shaped metal patches are downward; the decoupling networks are connected with the grounding surface and are symmetrically arranged about the central line of the second dielectric substrate (200); the two ends of the lower part of the first U-shaped metal patch (U1) in the decoupling network are respectively connected with the grounding surfaces of the two antenna units; a second U-shaped metal patch (U2) in the decoupling network is positioned at the upper part of the first U-shaped metal patch (U1) and is connected with the first U-shaped metal patch, and a third U-shaped metal patch (U3) in the decoupling network is positioned at the upper part of the second U-shaped metal patch (U2) and is connected with the second U-shaped metal patch;
the first U-shaped metal patch (U1) consists of two fifth rectangular patches (U101) and a sixth rectangular patch (U102), wherein the two fifth rectangular patches (U101) are symmetrically placed about the central line of the second dielectric substrate (200), the sixth rectangular patch (U102) is positioned at the top of the two fifth rectangular patches (U101), and two tail ends of the sixth rectangular patch (U102) are respectively aligned with the outer sides of the two fifth rectangular patches (U101); the length and width dimensions of the sixth rectangular patch (U102) are 25mm multiplied by 0.5mm, and the length and width dimensions of the fifth rectangular patch (U101) are 0.5mm multiplied by 2.1mm; the distance between the two fifth rectangular patches (U101) is 24mm; the distance between the right side fifth rectangular patch (U101) and the upper left end point of the first grounding surface (204) is 10mm;
the second U-shaped metal patch (U2) is composed of two seventh rectangular patches (U201) and one eighth rectangular patch (U202), wherein the two seventh rectangular patches (U201) are symmetrically placed with respect to the center line of the second dielectric substrate (200), the eighth rectangular patch (U202) is positioned at the top of the two seventh rectangular patches (U201), and two tail ends of the eighth rectangular patch (U202) are respectively aligned with the outer sides of the two seventh rectangular patches (U201); the distance between the right side seven rectangular patch (U201) and the fifth rectangular patch (U101) is 8.9mm; the length and width dimensions of the seventh rectangular patch (U201) are 0.5mm multiplied by 2mm, and the length and width dimensions of the eighth rectangular patch (U202) are 7.2mm multiplied by 0.4mm;
the third U-shaped metal patch (U3) is symmetrical about the center line of the second dielectric substrate (200) and is composed of two nine-square patches (U301) and one ten-square patch (U302), wherein the two nine-square patches (U301) are symmetrically placed about the center line of the second dielectric substrate (200), the ten-square patch (U302) is positioned at the top of the two nine-square patches (U301), and two ends of the ten-square patch (U302) are respectively aligned with the outer sides of the two nine-square patches (U301); the length and width dimensions of the nine-size rectangular patch (U301) were 0.1mm×7.1mm, and the length and width dimensions of the ten-size rectangular patch (U302) were 7.2mm×0.3mm.
2. An array antenna for 5G applications according to claim 1, wherein the dielectric substrate No. two (200) is rectangular in shape and has dimensions of 42mm x 34mm x 1.6mm in length, width and height; the material is polytetrafluoroethylene, and the dielectric constant is 3.5.
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