CN109389789B - Radioactive source warning device based on scintillator - Google Patents
Radioactive source warning device based on scintillator Download PDFInfo
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- CN109389789B CN109389789B CN201710675593.5A CN201710675593A CN109389789B CN 109389789 B CN109389789 B CN 109389789B CN 201710675593 A CN201710675593 A CN 201710675593A CN 109389789 B CN109389789 B CN 109389789B
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- scintillator
- radioactive source
- luminous body
- light
- source
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B5/00—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F1/00—Shielding characterised by the composition of the materials
- G21F1/12—Laminated shielding materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F3/00—Shielding characterised by its physical form, e.g. granules, or shape of the material
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of nuclear technology application, and particularly relates to a radioactive source warning device based on a scintillator, which comprises a luminous body (102) in which a radioactive source (101) can be arranged, wherein the luminous body (102) is composed of the scintillator, and the scintillation frequency of the scintillator is more than or equal to 0.1%. The radiation source warning device provided by the invention can give out light for warning without external energy, and has the characteristics of safety, economy, energy conservation and environmental protection. The radioactive source can be sleeved outside the radioactive source, on one hand, light is beneficial to manual searching when the radioactive source is lost, on the other hand, the radioactive source is wrapped by the radioactive source, the warning effect is achieved, and personal injury caused by mistaken picking of the radioactive source by the public is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of nuclear technology application, and particularly relates to a radioactive source warning device based on a scintillator.
Background
Substances that pulse light under excitation of high energy particles or rays (e.g., neutrons, X-rays, gamma rays, etc.) are called scintillators, the phenomenon of luminescence after absorption of high energy particles or rays is called radiance, they are used as low level light sources for instrument night illumination or signaling or long term light source applications without external energy, and have been used for clock hands and instrument dials, making them visible in the dark.
The conventional scintillator light-emitting mechanism is as follows: incident radiation particles collide with atoms or molecules to excite orbital electrons to a higher energy level to generate radiation luminescence, then the electrons are excited back to a ground state to emit additional energy in the form of photons, and the emitted photons are generally in an ultraviolet or higher energy range and invisible to human eyes, so that in a traditional radiation luminescence light source, fluorescent powder needs to be mixed, and light with a specific color is emitted after the particles are struck.
According to the potential harm degree of the radioactive source to human health and environment, the radioactive sources are divided into five types from high to low, most radioactive sources lack obvious warning marks, and warning marks are generally positioned on a device using the radioactive source or a shielding body thereof, so that when the radioactive source is lost after being separated from the device or the shielding body, the radioactive source is easy to be mistakenly picked by people due to the lack of the warning marks and the metallic luster, and personal injury of the public is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention designs and invents a source warning device which contains a radioactive source, does not need external energy and is economical and energy-saving according to the radiation luminescence characteristic of a scintillator.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the radioactive source warning device based on the scintillator comprises a luminous body, wherein the inside of the luminous body can be provided with a radioactive source, the luminous body is composed of the scintillator, and the scintillation frequency of the scintillator is more than or equal to 0.1%.
Further, a sealed transparent layer is arranged at the periphery of the luminous body.
Further, the density of the scintillator is more than or equal to 1gcm -3 (ii) a The thickness of the scintillator is more than or equal to 0.5cm.
Further, an outer layer material is arranged between the luminous body and the transparent layer, and the outer layer material can change light emitted by the luminous body into specific light.
Further, the specific light is red.
Further, the outer layer material is a fluorescent material.
Further, the outer layer material is a wavelength conversion material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the luminous warning lamp can emit light without external energy, and is safe, economical, energy-saving and environment-friendly. The radioactive source can be sleeved outside the radioactive source and can emit warning light, on one hand, the light is beneficial to manual searching when the radioactive source is lost, on the other hand, the radioactive source is wrapped by the light source, the warning effect is achieved, and personal injury caused by mistaken picking of the radioactive source by the public is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a scintillator-based radiation source warning device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 101-radioactive source, 102-luminous body, 103-outer layer material and 104-transparent layer.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
As shown in FIG. 1, the radioactive source warning device based on scintillator provided by the invention comprises a radioactive source 101, a luminous body 102, an outer layer material 103 and a transparent layer 104.
The radioactive source 101 which needs to be identified and warned is arranged inside the luminous body 102, the luminous body 102 is composed of scintillators, the luminous body 102 is made of scintillators with high photon yield and scintillation efficiency and good transparent light transmittance, and the shape of the radioactive source warning device based on the scintillators depends on the processing shape of the scintillators and can be a cuboid, a cylinder and the like. The density of the scintillator is more than or equal to 1gcm -3 (ii) a The thickness of the scintillator is more than or equal to 0.5cm; the scintillation frequency of the scintillator is greater than or equal to 0.1%.
The radioactive sources are classified into five categories according to their degree of harmfulness, some have higher particle energy, stronger ionization power, and some have higher flux, and can ionize more photons, so that the luminophores 102 (scintillators) wrapped around such radioactive sources can generate more photons.
Let the scintillator density be ρ gcm -3 And a thickness of d cm, the energy deposited in the scintillator by a unit flux of particles emitted by the radiation source 101 is Δ E = dE/dx × ρ × d, where dE/dx is the ionization capacity of the scintillator by the particles emitted by the radiation source, such as the ionization capacity dE/dx ≈ 5.6MeV/cm of the α particles emitted by the radiation source Am-241.
Let the photon yield of the scintillator to the radioactive source be Y ph Scintillation efficiency of C ph The average energy of the photons generated by the scintillator is h v ave The particles emitted by the radiation source pass through the scintillator to generate a photon number n ph ＝ΔE×Y ph Total photon energy of E ph ＝n ph ×hν ave ＝dE/dx×ρ×d×C ph 。
In the field of luminous lighting, the luminous intensity of a light source is generally expressed by light intensity and luminous flux, the light intensity expresses how bright a luminous body is, I = Nh ν, the luminous flux expresses the total energy radiated by the light source in unit time, and for isotropic light, F =4 pi I, unit lm, lumen. A commonly used physical quantity for reflecting the brightness of a light source from another angle is illuminance, which has a unit of Lux, lux, and is defined as a uniform distribution of 1lm luminous flux at 1m 2 The illuminance of the light generated on the surface is 1lx, i.e., 1lx =1lm/m 2 The illuminance under the light of a common room is 100lx, so that the illuminance is 1cm 2 To generate 100lx illuminance on a surface, a luminous flux of F =0.01lm is required.
Because the natural environment is filled with cosmic rays from space, muons in the cosmic rays can also enable the scintillator to generate radiation luminescence, so that the radiation source warning device based on the scintillator also considers the action of the muons in the cosmic rays in the scintillator. When muon is incident on the scintillator, the photons produced by the scintillator are not isotropic,
f = I = Nh ν = Φ × E ph ＝Φ×dE/dx×ρ×d×C ph ＝2ρdC ph (phi is the sea level flux of muon in natural cosmic rays, phi is approximately equal to 1cm -2 min -1 )；
Thus, for ρ =1gcm -3 Scintillator of d =0.5cm, having a scintillation efficiency per minute of C ph And =0.1%, namely the luminous efficiency of the scintillator to the particles emitted by the radioactive source reaches 0.1%, which can be achieved for some novel scintillators with high luminous efficiency. In the present invention, the illuminant 102 may be SrI 2 Eu, ceBr3, etc., but not limited thereto.
In the radioactive source warning device based on the scintillator, the transparent layer 104 is hermetically arranged at the periphery of the luminophor 102, so that light rays generated by the luminophor 102 can be transmitted, and the internal luminophor 102 (scintillator) is not easy to deliquesce and oxidize. The transparent layer 104 may be made of plastic, organic glass, or the like.
An outer layer material 103 is arranged between the luminous body 102 and the transparent layer 104, and the outer layer material 103 can change the light emitted by the luminous body 102 into specific light, especially red light. The outer layer material 103 is an optional material, and is selectively installed or not installed according to requirements. Specifically, the outer layer material 103 is a fluorescent material; or the outer layer material 103 is a wavelength converting material.
Because the luminophor 102 (scintillator) can emit light when being irradiated by radiation, particles emitted by the radioactive source 101 can enable the luminophor 102 (scintillator) to emit light, and the outer layer material 103 (the outer layer material 103 is made into a certain shape and can be sleeved outside the luminophor 102 or the outer layer material 103 is directly coated on the surface of the luminophor 102 to emit warning light) which emits specific light is combined to be beneficial to the manual searching when the radioactive source 101 is lost on one hand, and wrap the radioactive source on the other hand to play a warning role, thereby reducing the personal injury caused by mistakenly picking up the radioactive source by the public.
The device according to the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described in the specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments according to the technical solutions of the present invention, and also belong to the technical innovation scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a radiation source warning device based on scintillator which characterized by: the radioactive source (101) comprises a luminous body (102) in which a radioactive source (101) can be arranged, wherein the luminous body (102) is composed of a scintillator, the scintillation frequency of the scintillator is more than or equal to 0.1%, and the luminous body (102) is made of SrI 2 Eu or CeBr 3 (ii) a The density of the scintillator is more than or equal to 1gcm -3 (ii) a The thickness of the scintillator is more than or equal to 0.5cm;
a sealed transparent layer (104) is arranged at the periphery of the luminous body (102);
an outer layer material (103) is arranged between the luminous body (102) and the transparent layer (104), and the outer layer material (103) can change light emitted by the luminous body (102) into specific light;
the specific light is red;
the outer layer material (103) is a fluorescent material;
the outer layer material (103) is a wavelength conversion material.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710675593.5A CN109389789B (en) | 2017-08-09 | 2017-08-09 | Radioactive source warning device based on scintillator |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710675593.5A CN109389789B (en) | 2017-08-09 | 2017-08-09 | Radioactive source warning device based on scintillator |
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| CN109389789A CN109389789A (en) | 2019-02-26 |
| CN109389789B true CN109389789B (en) | 2023-03-21 |
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| CN109386801A (en) * | 2017-08-09 | 2019-02-26 | 中国辐射防护研究院 | A kind of lighting device of the no radioactive source without external energy |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105723468A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2016-06-29 | 东丽株式会社 | Scintillator panel |
| CN106663488A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2017-05-10 | 东丽株式会社 | Scintillator panel and radiation detector |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US6522065B1 (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2003-02-18 | General Electric Company | Single phosphor for creating white light with high luminosity and high CRI in a UV led device |
| US6775348B2 (en) * | 2002-02-27 | 2004-08-10 | General Electric Company | Fiber optic scintillator with optical gain for a computed tomography system and method of manufacturing same |
| CN101460779A (en) * | 2005-12-21 | 2009-06-17 | 科锐Led照明技术公司 | Lighting device |
| US20120019126A1 (en) * | 2010-07-22 | 2012-01-26 | General Electric Company | Oxynitride phosphors, method of preparation, and light emitting instrument |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105723468A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2016-06-29 | 东丽株式会社 | Scintillator panel |
| CN106663488A (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2017-05-10 | 东丽株式会社 | Scintillator panel and radiation detector |
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