CN109387815A - ApFFT composes angle-measuring method in sawtooth phase modulation linear system - Google Patents
ApFFT composes angle-measuring method in sawtooth phase modulation linear system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109387815A CN109387815A CN201710676516.1A CN201710676516A CN109387815A CN 109387815 A CN109387815 A CN 109387815A CN 201710676516 A CN201710676516 A CN 201710676516A CN 109387815 A CN109387815 A CN 109387815A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R25/00—Arrangements for measuring phase angle between a voltage and a current or between voltages or currents
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/35—Details of non-pulse systems
- G01S7/352—Receivers
Abstract
The present invention relates to apFFT in a kind of sawtooth phase modulation linear system to compose angle-measuring method, carries out apFFT processing to the two paths of signals received first, then determines phase by finding spectrum peak again, asks phase difference that can acquire the phase angle of guided missile later.The present invention can accurately extract phase information without any additional corrective action, and apFFT method makes dominant frequency spectrum more prominent relative to secondary lobe, compared to traditional FFT method, have higher spectral leakage rejection ability and higher angle measurement accuracy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to frequency modulation than phase angle measurement technique, and apFFT composes angle measurement in especially a kind of sawtooth phase modulation linear system
Method.
Background technique
In recent years, measurement accuracy, anti-interference energy with the fast development of modern weapons and electronic countermeasure technology, to radar
More stringent requirements are proposed for power and ultrahigh speed target acquisition ability, at the same how rapidly and accurately the angle measurement accuracy of detection system at
For urgent problem to be solved.
Existing angle-measuring method can be divided into Hardware Method and Software Method according to different technologies.
Hardware Method is completed by hardware circuit, by first finding out frequency and the time difference of two paths of signals, then by the time difference
Switch to phase difference, seek angle further according to phase difference, this method is affected by hardware, and measurement accuracy is not fine.Software
Method is completed by software, is first sampled to signal, then is handled to obtain phase difference using the algorithm for surveying phase difference,
And then acquire angle.Software Method mainly has zero-crossing method, correlation method etc..Since zero-crossing method is relatively high to signal-to-noise ratio requirement, resist
Interference performance is poor, and correlation method requires strictly integer-period sampled, and is difficult to the interference of harmonic carcellation, therefore they are all difficult to apply
It is low in signal-to-noise ratio, precision is high, the system of strong real-time.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide apFFT in a kind of sawtooth phase modulation linear system to compose angle-measuring method, effectively solves
FFT surveys the spectral leakage problem of phase, improves phase-measurement accuracy.
Realize the technical solution of the object of the invention are as follows: apFFT composes angle-measuring method, packet in a kind of sawtooth phase modulation linear system
Include following steps:
(1) data prediction: local oscillation signal and echo-signal are filtered by filter；
(2) sampling processing is carried out respectively to two paths of signals；
(3) apFFT processing is carried out respectively to two paths of signals；
(4) apFFT spectrum peak is found respectively；
(5) phase value at peak value is found out respectively；
(6) phase difference is sought；
(7) angle information is sought according to phase difference.
Compared with prior art, remarkable advantage of the invention are as follows:
(1) the phase spectral analysis method of all phase has good frequency spectrum rejection, and apFFT has " phase invariant
Property ", the property means even if at " in the case where data sampling asynchronous ", can be accurate without any additional corrective action
Ground extracts phase information；(2) apFFT method makes dominant frequency spectrum more prominent relative to secondary lobe, has than traditional FFT method
Higher spectral leakage rejection ability, so that angle measurement accuracy is higher.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that apFFT composes angle-measuring method flow chart in sawtooth phase modulation linear system of the invention.
Fig. 2 is apFFT data prediction broad flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is all phase periodic extension signal processing figure.
Fig. 4 is phase difference detection result waveform diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is phase difference detection resultant error waveform diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In conjunction with Fig. 1, apFFT composes angle-measuring method in a kind of sawtooth phase modulation linear system, comprising the following steps:
(1) data prediction: local oscillation signal and echo-signal are filtered by filter；
(2) sampling processing is carried out respectively to two paths of signals；
(3) apFFT processing is carried out respectively to two paths of signals；
(4) apFFT spectrum peak is found respectively；
(5) phase value at peak value is found out respectively；
(6) phase difference is sought；
(7) angle information is sought according to phase difference.
Further, local oscillation signal is identical with echo-signal frequency, and there are following for two paths of signals phase difference and angle information
Relationship:
Wherein, Δ φ is two signals phase difference due to caused by the wave path-difference of two antennas, φd1For the phase of local oscillation signal
Position, φd2For the phase of echo-signal, ω0For signals selected angular frequency, Δ τ be signal receiver receive two signals when
Between poor, f0For signals selected frequency, α is missile bearing angle, and L is the distance of two signal receivers, λ0For signals selected wave
It is long.
Further, it needs to pre-process input signal in apFFT processing, specifically:
S1 constitutes the Hanning window of a N point；
S2, Hanning window seek convolution to itself, obtain the convolution window of 2N-1 point；
S3 seeks the sum of the convolution window of 2N-1 point；
S4 obtains the normalization convolution window of 2N-1 point by each single item of convolution window divided by the sum of convolution window；
The 1:2N-1 item of data is multiplied with normalization convolution window, obtains the 2N-1 item of adding window by S5；
S6, by the 1st and N+1, the 2nd with N+2 ... N-1 are added with 2N-1, obtain by complete mutually pre-
The N point sequence of processing.
Further, FFT processing is carried out to the data after pretreatment, and finds out the peak point of frequency spectrum, find out peak value
Phase.
The present invention can accurately extract phase information without phasing.
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, in order to effectively survey phase, the angle-measuring method of the present embodiment the following steps are included:
(1) AD sampling will be carried out by the local oscillation signal of low-pass filter and echo-signal；
(2) apFFT is done to filtered data, obtains apFFT result of spectrum analysis；
(3) the corresponding k value of search peak spectral line in frequency spectrum, is denoted as k0；
(4) finally arctan function is called to find out k0The phase value at place, this phase value are x0The true phase value at place.
The principle of FFT method survey phase difference: AD sampling is carried out to two paths of signals first；Secondly progress FFT transform is found out each
The frequency spectrum on road；Then their phases at peak value spectral line are found out respectively；Finally the phase of two paths of signals is subtracted each other and finds out phase
Difference.
If two-way sine wave FM signal expression formula are as follows:
Wherein A1,A2The respectively amplitude of two paths of signals, f0For signal frequency,The respectively initial phase of two paths of signals
Position.
The frequency stability of input signal is 10-3-10-4, by f0It is expressed as
f0=(k0+δ)·fd
K in formula0For integer, fdFor spectral resolution, fd=fs/ n, fsFor sample frequency, N is sampling number, and δ is that leakage misses
Poor coefficient, | δ |≤0.5.
With identical sample frequency fsIn synchronization to s1(n) and s2(n) it is sampled, obtains two-way discrete series:
Next, it is similar to two paths of signals processing, with s1(n) it is illustrated for.To s1(n) carry out DFT transform obtain from
Dissipate frequency spectrum S1(k), wherein k=0,1,2, N-1, because of S1(k) peak value spectral line is in k=k0Place obtains, fixed according to DFT
Justice can obtain:
Ignore the negative frequency component in formula, above formula can simplify are as follows:
If phase1 indicates local oscillation signal in k=k0The phase at place, then phase1 can be with unified representation are as follows:
Similarly, phase2 indicates the phase of echo-signal, then:
Phase difference is usedIt indicates are as follows:
I.e. two-way is equal to phase difference of its discrete spectrum at maximum spectral line with the phase difference of frequency sinusoidal signal.
It can be acquired by contact transformation anyway in practical applications per signal all the way in peak value spectral line k0Phase value, be denoted as
Phase1 and phase2:
Two formulas are subtracted each other and are acquired
The present embodiment uses following system parameter: sinusoidal signal, centre frequency f0For 10MHz, sample frequency 100MHz.
Fig. 2 is apFFT data prediction broad flow diagram.It is described by taking N=3 as an example in the present embodiment, takes n=0
X (0) be start sample point, then tradition truncation vector be x0=[x (0), x (- 1), x (- 2)]T, DFT processing is x0Period
Continuation.But for the truncation of the N=3 comprising x (0), the x (2) of the x (1) of n=1, n=2 can also be used as beginning sample point,
It is x that vector, which is then truncated,1=[x (1), x (0), x (- 1)]T, x2=[x (2), x (1), x (0)]T, this 3 periodic extension signals additions
Form a new all phase periodic extension signal.And all phase is finally also the vector to form an a length of N.It is processed
Journey can be indicated with Fig. 3.Fig. 3 shows: all phase processing is equivalent to a convolution window wcTo a length of 2N- centered on x (0)
1 data vector is weighted processing, then shifts summation.
It is sinusoidal signal that Fig. 4, which is input signal, and the phase difference of signal is from phase difference when changing to 360 ° for 1 °, measured
With the variation of input signal phase difference.Abscissa is the phase difference of two input signals, and ordinate is the phase difference that measurement obtains.
Fig. 5 is phase difference detection error waveform figure.By Error Graph, it can be seen that, error is within the scope of requiring, this hair
Bright angle-measuring method can achieve measurement request.
Claims (4)
1. apFFT composes angle-measuring method in a kind of sawtooth phase modulation linear system, which comprises the following steps:
(1) data prediction: local oscillation signal and echo-signal are filtered by filter；
(2) sampling processing is carried out respectively to two paths of signals；
(3) apFFT processing is carried out respectively to two paths of signals；
(4) apFFT spectrum peak is found respectively；
(5) phase value at peak value is found out respectively；
(6) phase difference is sought；
(7) angle information is sought according to phase difference.
2. apFFT composes angle-measuring method in sawtooth phase modulation linear system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that local oscillator
Signal is identical with echo-signal frequency, and there are following relationships for two paths of signals phase difference and angle information:
Wherein, Δ φ is two signals phase difference due to caused by the wave path-difference of two antennas, φd1For the phase of local oscillation signal, φd2
For the phase of echo-signal, ω0For signals selected angular frequency, Δ τ is the time difference that signal receiver receives two signals, f0
For signals selected frequency, α is missile bearing angle, and L is the distance of two signal receivers, λ0For signals selected wavelength.
3. apFFT composes angle-measuring method in sawtooth phase modulation linear system according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
It needs to pre-process input signal in apFFT processing, specifically:
S1 constitutes the Hanning window of a N point；
S2, Hanning window seek convolution to itself, obtain the convolution window of 2N-1 point；
S3 seeks the sum of the convolution window of 2N-1 point；
S4 obtains the normalization convolution window of 2N-1 point by each single item of convolution window divided by the sum of convolution window；
The 1:2N-1 item of data is multiplied with normalization convolution window, obtains the 2N-1 item of adding window by S5；
S6, by the 1st and N+1, the 2nd with N+2 ... N-1 are added with 2N-1, obtain mutually pre-processing by complete
N point sequence.
4. apFFT composes angle-measuring method in sawtooth phase modulation linear system according to claim 3, which is characterized in that pre-
Data after processing carry out FFT processing, and find out the peak point of frequency spectrum, find out the phase of peak value.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112649678A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-13 | 广州山锋测控技术有限公司 | Antenna feeder measuring method and device, antenna feeder measuring device and tester |
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