CN109387513A - Overcome the method for Connecting Rod of Gasoline Engine bushing premature wear - Google Patents
Overcome the method for Connecting Rod of Gasoline Engine bushing premature wear Download PDFInfo
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- CN109387513A CN109387513A CN201811206598.4A CN201811206598A CN109387513A CN 109387513 A CN109387513 A CN 109387513A CN 201811206598 A CN201811206598 A CN 201811206598A CN 109387513 A CN109387513 A CN 109387513A
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- bushing
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- premature wear
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for overcoming Connecting Rod of Gasoline Engine bushing premature wear, comprising steps of the preparation of S1, connecting rob bushing;S2, metallographic specimen is chosen on connecting rob bushing;S3, Metallographic Analysis is carried out to metallographic specimen;S4, the reason of metallographic specimen is worn is found out, proposes solution.The method that the present invention overcomes Connecting Rod of Gasoline Engine bushing premature wear, it is ensured that premature wear does not occur in connecting rob bushing, improves the performance of connecting rob bushing, guarantees the dynamic property of engine work and vehicle.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of engines, specifically, the present invention relates to one kind, and Connecting Rod of Gasoline Engine to be overcome to serve as a contrast
Cover the method for premature wear.
Background technique
As the power per liter and torque per liter of petrol engine improve, small end of connecting rod is changed to float structure increase entirely from half floating structure
Connecting rob bushing, connecting rob bushing are wearing pieces important on petrol engine, and connecting rob bushing interference fit is in small end of connecting rod
In hole, clearance fit is assemblied on piston pin.When petrol engine works, connecting rob bushing plays transmitting load and reduces friction damage
The effect of mistake.
To meet gasoline engine operating mode requirement, connecting rob bushing uses the steel SPCC of some strength for steel back, then exists
Its surface is sintered and is pressed into certain thickness (0.20~0.50mm of reference value) antifriction copper alloy layer bearing metal.
Lead can be used as antifriction constituent element important in Cu-based sliding bearing material, and free Pb particle not only has lubrication to make
It is high with, wearability and fillibility is good, it fills at hole, improves density, thus Pot metal is widely applied always in the past as connecting
Bushing surface alloying layer.
As modern environmental requirement is stringent, lead is listed in banned substance requirement, and Pot metal has not been available, for this purpose,
It needs to develop a kind of performance and meets the requirements Pb-free copper-alloy layer (such as CuSn8Ni), to substitute Pot metal.But in initial stage of development,
Since the practical factors such as production technology and inspection specifications shortage influence the connecting rob bushing produced, sent out in A model gasoline
There is microcephaly's abnormal sound when motivation rated power bench test in 500 hours, tearing machine analysis open is since connecting rob bushing alloy-layer occurs early
Phase abrasion causes connecting rob bushing and the big sound for generating shock of piston pin fit clearance, externally shows as " small end of connecting rod abnormal sound ",
The normal operation for influencing petrol engine, certain negative effect is brought to vehicle dynamic property.
The prior art has the disadvantage in that
1, QC/T281-1999 Pot metal Metallographic standard can not be further continued for using since the standard is the form according to lead
It is distributed whether corresponding standard determination is qualified, and present material is unleaded, and there is no the fractions distributions of lead;
2, routine inspection cannot reflect Pb-free copper-alloy quality completely, and chemistry, hardness test do not react interior tissue reality
Border situation works out the technical parameters such as Pb-free copper-alloy powder particle size, sintering process and change does not provide completely
Foundation;
3, routine inspection can't find the inner surface alloy-layer premature wear reason of connecting rob bushing.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.For this purpose, the present invention provides a kind of gram
The method for taking Connecting Rod of Gasoline Engine bushing premature wear, it is therefore an objective to improve the performance of connecting rob bushing.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: overcome Connecting Rod of Gasoline Engine bushing
The method of premature wear, comprising steps of
The preparation of S1, connecting rob bushing;
S2, metallographic specimen is chosen on connecting rob bushing;
S3, Metallographic Analysis is carried out to metallographic specimen;
S4, the reason of metallographic specimen is worn is found out, proposes solution.
In the step S1, the preparation process of connecting rob bushing comprising steps of
S101, steel plate cutting;
S102, steel plate rolling;
S103, steel plate leveling;
S104, polishing composite surface;
S105, paving alloyed powder;
S106, it just burns;
S107, breaking down;
S108, resintering;
S109, finish rolling;
S110, alloyed steel strip smoothing;
S111, cutting edge material.
It is along axial direction on connecting rob bushing by edge when choosing metallographic specimen on connecting rob bushing in the step S2
Start internally interception a part, as metallographic specimen.
The length of the metallographic specimen is 10~30mm, and the width of metallographic specimen is 4~8mm.
In the step S3, to metallographic specimen carry out Metallographic Analysis process comprising steps of
The inspection and evaluation of S301, hole;
The inspection and evaluation of S302, binder course;
The inspection and evaluation of S303, alloy-layer matrix.
In the step S301, when carrying out hole inspection, it should be carried out on the metallographic flour milling of non-etch on metallographic specimen.
Gold in the step S302, when being combined the inspection of layer, after Ying Yong ferric sesquichloride aqueous hydrochloric acid solution etch
It is carried out on the metallographic flour milling of phase sample.
In the step S303, when carrying out the inspection of alloy-layer matrix, the leaching of Ying Yong ferric sesquichloride aqueous hydrochloric acid solution
It is carried out on the metallographic flour milling of metallographic specimen after erosion.
In the step S4, the solution of proposition includes adjusting to the technological parameter of the preparation process of connecting rob bushing
It is whole.
In the step S1, the alloy-layer chemical component weight percentage of connecting rob bushing are as follows: Sn 7.0-9.0%, Ni
0.7-1.3%, remaining is Cu.
The method that the present invention overcomes Connecting Rod of Gasoline Engine bushing premature wear, it is ensured that grinding in early days does not occur in connecting rob bushing
Damage improves the performance of connecting rob bushing, guarantees the dynamic property of engine work and vehicle.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the decomposition diagram of link assembly;
Fig. 2 is hole inspection result schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is binder course inspection result schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the hole inspection result schematic diagram of the connecting rob bushing sample prepared after technique adjustment;
Fig. 5 is the binder course result schematic diagram of the connecting rob bushing sample prepared after technique adjustment;
Fig. 6 is the preparation process flow schematic diagram of connecting rob bushing.
Specific embodiment
Below against attached drawing, by the description of the embodiment, making to a specific embodiment of the invention further details of
Explanation, it is therefore an objective to those skilled in the art be helped to have more complete, accurate and deep reason to design of the invention, technical solution
Solution, and facilitate its implementation.
The present invention provides a kind of methods for overcoming Connecting Rod of Gasoline Engine bushing premature wear, comprise the following steps that
The preparation of S1, connecting rob bushing;
S2, metallographic specimen is chosen on connecting rob bushing;
S3, Metallographic Analysis is carried out to metallographic specimen;
S4, the reason of metallographic specimen is worn is found out, proposes solution.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the preparation process of connecting rob bushing comprises the following steps that in step S1
S101, steel plate cutting;
S102, steel plate rolling;
S103, steel plate leveling;
S104, polishing composite surface;
S105, paving alloyed powder;
S106, it just burns;
S107, breaking down;
S108, resintering;
S109, finish rolling;
S110, alloyed steel strip smoothing;
S111, cutting edge material.
As shown in Figure 1, connecting rob bushing is cirque structure, connecting rob bushing is set in the connecting rod small end hole of connecting rod, piston
Pin is across connecting rob bushing.The inner headed face of connecting rob bushing is alloy-layer, and the inner headed face of connecting rob bushing is for the periphery with piston pin
Contact.In step sl, the connecting rob bushing of preparation is Pb-free copper-alloy connecting rob bushing, the chemical component of the alloy-layer of connecting rob bushing
Weight percent are as follows: Sn 7.0-9.0%, Ni 0.7-1.3%, remaining is Cu.Connecting rob bushing alloy-layer trade mark CuSn8Ni meets
Table 1 provides.
Table 1
Element (Wt%) | Sn | Ni | Cu |
Technical requirements | 7.0~9.0 | 0.7~1.3 | Surplus |
It is along axial direction on connecting rob bushing by edge when choosing metallographic specimen on connecting rob bushing in above-mentioned steps S2
Place starts internally interception a part, and as metallographic specimen, and the part of the interception is located at the inclined side in center of connecting rob bushing
At 45 °, size required for suitably being selected within this range according to the size of connecting rob bushing.Preferably, metallographic specimen
Length is 10~30mm, and the width of metallographic specimen is 4~8mm.
The invention proposes connecting rob bushing inner surfaces using the Metallographic Techniques requirement of Pb-free copper-alloy, Metallographic Techniques requirement
Are as follows:
3.1, hole: 1~3 grade of pore length is qualification, and 4~5 grades are unqualified, illustrated in table 2.
Table 2
Rank | Metallographic structure situation |
1 grade | Visual field inner pore length is less than 0.01mm |
2 grades | Visual field inner pore length is within the scope of 0.01mm~0.02mm less than 10 |
3 grades | Visual field inner pore length is within the scope of 0.02mm~0.04mm less than 10 |
4 grades | Visual field inner pore length is within the scope of 0.04mm~0.10mm less than 10 |
5 grades | Visual field inner pore length is in 0.1mm or more |
3.2, binder course: alloy-layer and steel back layer answer good bond, and junction must not have field trash, oxide and layering de-
The defects of opening phenomenon.
3.3, alloy-layer microscopic structure: tin is uniformly distributed in α phase solid solution in tiny dotted (allowing a small amount of tiny strip)
Matrix on, without apparent directionality.
In above-mentioned steps S3, the process for carrying out Metallographic Analysis to metallographic specimen is comprised the following steps that
The inspection and evaluation of S301, hole;
The inspection and evaluation of S302, binder course;
The inspection and evaluation of S303, alloy-layer matrix.
In step S301, when carrying out hole inspection, it should be carried out on the metallographic flour milling of non-etch on metallographic specimen.Into
When row hole is evaluated, metallographic specimen carries any 0.2mm × 0.2mm range under the metallographic microscope of 200 times (or 100 times)
5 worst visual fields of interior selection are graded respectively, and when grading carries out respectively according to above-mentioned table 2.If there is 3 visual fields in 5 visual fields
Unqualified or any one visual field is then assessed as unqualified at 5 grades.
In step s 302, metallographic when being combined the inspection of layer, after Ying Yong ferric sesquichloride aqueous hydrochloric acid solution etch
It is carried out on the metallographic flour milling of sample.When being combined layer evaluation, the combination situation of alloy-layer and steel back layer, metallographic are mainly evaluated
Sample selects a worst visual field as grading foundation under 200 times of (or 100 times) metallographic microscopes.
In step S303, when carrying out the inspection of alloy-layer matrix, Ying Yong ferric sesquichloride aqueous hydrochloric acid solution etch
It is carried out on the metallographic flour milling of metallographic specimen afterwards.When carrying out the evaluation of alloy-layer matrix, metallographic specimen is at 200 times (or 100
Again) under metallographic microscope, " phase " resolution is amplified to 500 times of progress in specific microscopic structure.
In above-mentioned steps S4, the solution of proposition includes adjusting to the technological parameter of the preparation process of connecting rob bushing
It is whole.
Embodiment
500 hours rated power bench test alloy-layer premature wears of A model engine cause microcephaly's abnormal sound, try metallographic
The process that sample carries out Metallographic Analysis is as follows:
1.1, hole: sample requires sample preparation according to GB/T 13298-1991, chooses under 200 times of microscope magnification
5 worst visual fields are taken pictures, are measured, wherein 1 worst visual field takes pictures, measures and see Fig. 2, figure it is seen that hole is long
0.157mm, 0.122mm and 0.117mm are assessed as 5 grades according to table 2, unqualified.
1.2, alloy-layer microscopic examination: metallographic specimen is analyzed under 500 times of metallographic microscopes, is alpha alloy+crystal boundary
It is distributed loose hole+be light blue grey δ phase (Cu31Sn8 is based solid solution), δ meets each other in Fig. 3 shown in arrow mark.
1.3, small end of connecting rod abnormal sound reason: alloy-layer pore-size is big, forms pit ditch dug with a plow as tired source and generates early stage
Abrasion;It finds that the hole of black is distributed along crystal boundary after corrosion, has seriously undermined intercrystalline bond strength, be easy under external force
It separates, generates and peel off abrasion;It is peeled off in addition there is hard crisp δ phase to exist with being easy to cause, it is easier to premature wear occur, wherein measuring
Data are shown in Table 3.
Table 3
Part name | Drawing requirement (mm) | Actual measurement (mm) |
Bushing diameter of bore | ¢ 18.008~18.013 | 18.059 |
Piston pin external diameter | ¢ 17.995~18.000 | 17.995 |
Fit clearance amount | 0.008-0.018 | 0.064 |
As seen from Table 3: connecting rob bushing inner surface and piston pin fit clearance reach 0.064mm, and engine 500 hours specified
Power bench test piston pin and connecting rob bushing, which generate, hits sound, externally shows as small end con rod abnormal sound phenomenon.
2, it for reason given above analyzes, the technological parameter of the preparation process of connecting rob bushing is adjusted as follows:
2.1, granularity: reducing copper alloy corase meal granularity ratio, increases fine powder granularity ratio, is shown in Table 4.
Table 4
In the step S105 of connecting rob bushing preparation process, in all alloyed powders of laying, granule size be 100 with
On alloyed powder ratio≤0.1%, the ratio for the alloyed powder that granule size is 100~150 is 2~4%, and granule size is
The ratio of 150~200 alloyed powder is 5~6%, and the ratio for the alloyed powder that granule size is 200~325 is 20~30%, grain
The ratio for spending the alloyed powder that size is 325 or more is 50~60%.
2.2, sintering temperature: temperature is just burnt from 800 DEG C and is raised to 870 DEG C;Resintering temperature is reduced to 800 DEG C from 850 DEG C.
In the step S106 of connecting rob bushing preparation process, just burning temperature is 870 DEG C.In the step of connecting rob bushing preparation process
In rapid S108, resintering temperature is 800 DEG C.
2.3, after above-mentioned adjustment, alloy-layer Metallographic Analysis is as follows:
2.3.1, hole:
It chooses 5 worst visual fields under 200 times of microscope magnification to be taken pictures, measured, wherein 1 worst visual field is clapped
Fig. 4 is seen according to, measurement, from fig. 4, it can be seen that hole long 0.012mm, 0.010mm and 0.014mm, are shown in Fig. 4, is evaluated according to table 2
It is 2 grades, it is qualified.
2.3.2, microscopic examination: sample is analyzed under 500 times of metallographic microscopes, is alpha alloy+a small amount of transgranular distribution
Loose hole, is shown in Fig. 5.
2.3.3, the connecting rob bushing of Metallographic Analysis qualification is tested in A model petrol engine 500h rated power and is tied after adjusting
Shu Hou has no small end of connecting rod abnormal sound;Wherein measurement data is shown in Table 5.
Table 5
Part name | Drawing requirement (mm) | Actual measurement (mm) |
Bushing diameter of bore | ¢ 18.008~18.013 | 18.010 |
Piston pin external diameter | ¢ 17.995~18.000 | 17.996 |
Fit clearance amount | 0.008-0.018 | 0.011 |
As seen from Table 5: connecting rob bushing inner surface is 0.011mm with piston pin fit clearance, meets technical requirements, thus really
Engine quality has been protected, ensure that vehicle dynamic property.
The present invention overcomes the method for Connecting Rod of Gasoline Engine bushing premature wear to have the advantage that
1, a kind of Pb-free copper-alloy material (such as CuSnNi) of new invention, sintered copper powder is in smelting process, by reasonable
Slightly, fine powder matches, and properly increases sintering and just burns temperature, reaches liquid phase sintering conditions, reduce sintered hole;
2, industry blank has been filled up, Metallographic Techniques requirement, analysis method and assessment method are increased;
3, product cost does not increase, and production operation is practical;
4, environment is protected, Pb-free copper-alloy connecting rob bushing Successful utilization meets the banned substance requirement of state compulsion;
5, according to Pb-free copper-alloy connecting rob bushing operating environment requirements and there is premature wear, alloy-layer metallographic structure is mentioned
Particular technique requirement out;
6, according to technical requirements, Pb-free copper-alloy connecting rob bushing metallographic test method has been write;
7, the connecting rob bushing of Pb-free copper-alloy metallographic qualification is tested, later period assembly meets technique requirement, engine operation mistake
Normal, the good transmitting load of guarantee connecting rob bushing inner surface and reduction friction loss effect are lubricated in journey.
The present invention is exemplarily described above in conjunction with attached drawing, it is clear that the present invention implements not by aforesaid way
Limitation, as long as the improvement for the various unsubstantialities that the inventive concept and technical scheme of the present invention carry out is used, or without changing
It is within the scope of the present invention into the conception and technical scheme of the invention are directly applied to other occasions.
Claims (10)
1. overcoming the method for Connecting Rod of Gasoline Engine bushing premature wear, which is characterized in that comprising steps of
The preparation of S1, connecting rob bushing;
S2, metallographic specimen is chosen on connecting rob bushing;
S3, Metallographic Analysis is carried out to metallographic specimen;
S4, the reason of metallographic specimen is worn is found out, proposes solution.
2. the method according to claim 1 for overcoming Connecting Rod of Gasoline Engine bushing premature wear, which is characterized in that described
In step S1, the preparation process of connecting rob bushing comprising steps of
S101, steel plate cutting;
S102, steel plate rolling;
S103, steel plate leveling;
S104, polishing composite surface;
S105, paving alloyed powder;
S106, it just burns;
S107, breaking down;
S108, resintering;
S109, finish rolling;
S110, alloyed steel strip smoothing;
S111, cutting edge material.
3. the method according to claim 1 or 2 for overcoming Connecting Rod of Gasoline Engine bushing premature wear, which is characterized in that
It is inside by edge along axial direction on connecting rob bushing when choosing metallographic specimen on connecting rob bushing in the step S2
Portion's interception a part, as metallographic specimen.
4. the method according to claim 3 for overcoming Connecting Rod of Gasoline Engine bushing premature wear, which is characterized in that described
The length of metallographic specimen is 10~30mm, and the width of metallographic specimen is 4~8mm.
5. the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 for overcoming Connecting Rod of Gasoline Engine bushing premature wear, feature exist
In, in the step S3, to metallographic specimen carry out Metallographic Analysis process comprising steps of
The inspection and evaluation of S301, hole;
The inspection and evaluation of S302, binder course;
The inspection and evaluation of S303, alloy-layer matrix.
6. the method according to claim 5 for overcoming Connecting Rod of Gasoline Engine bushing premature wear, which is characterized in that described
In step S301, when carrying out hole inspection, it should be carried out on the metallographic flour milling of non-etch on metallographic specimen.
7. the method according to claim 5 or 6 for overcoming Connecting Rod of Gasoline Engine bushing premature wear, which is characterized in that
In the step S302, when being combined the inspection of layer, metallographic specimen after Ying Yong ferric sesquichloride aqueous hydrochloric acid solution etch
It is carried out on metallographic flour milling.
8. the method according to claim 5 or 6 for overcoming Connecting Rod of Gasoline Engine bushing premature wear, which is characterized in that
In the step S303, when carrying out the inspection of alloy-layer matrix, the gold after Ying Yong ferric sesquichloride aqueous hydrochloric acid solution etch
It is carried out on the metallographic flour milling of phase sample.
9. the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 for overcoming Connecting Rod of Gasoline Engine bushing premature wear, feature exist
In in the step S4, the solution of proposition includes being adjusted to the technological parameter of the preparation process of connecting rob bushing.
10. the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 for overcoming Connecting Rod of Gasoline Engine bushing premature wear, feature
It is, in the step S1, the alloy-layer chemical component weight percentage of connecting rob bushing are as follows: Sn 7.0-9.0%, Ni 0.7-
1.3%, remaining is Cu.
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CN1061367A (en) * | 1990-11-10 | 1992-05-27 | 山东省临朐县五井胜利粉末冶金厂 | Copper iron powder metallurgy-produced liner bush and manufacture craft thereof |
CN101801567A (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2010-08-11 | 费德罗-莫格尔公司 | Wear resistant lead free alloy bushing and method of making |
CN102228991A (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2011-11-02 | 中南大学 | Environment-friendly lead-free copper-based self-lubricating material and preparation process thereof |
CN104405763A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-03-11 | 烟台大丰轴瓦有限责任公司 | Alloy material CuNi9Sn6 of antifriction alloy layer of connecting rod bushing |
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2018
- 2018-10-17 CN CN201811206598.4A patent/CN109387513A/en active Pending
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN1061367A (en) * | 1990-11-10 | 1992-05-27 | 山东省临朐县五井胜利粉末冶金厂 | Copper iron powder metallurgy-produced liner bush and manufacture craft thereof |
CN101801567A (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2010-08-11 | 费德罗-莫格尔公司 | Wear resistant lead free alloy bushing and method of making |
CN102228991A (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2011-11-02 | 中南大学 | Environment-friendly lead-free copper-based self-lubricating material and preparation process thereof |
CN104405763A (en) * | 2014-11-03 | 2015-03-11 | 烟台大丰轴瓦有限责任公司 | Alloy material CuNi9Sn6 of antifriction alloy layer of connecting rod bushing |
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