CN109387202A - A kind of wind tower and measurement and the method for calculating wind tower Miniature posture - Google Patents
A kind of wind tower and measurement and the method for calculating wind tower Miniature posture Download PDFInfo
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- CN109387202A CN109387202A CN201710670179.5A CN201710670179A CN109387202A CN 109387202 A CN109387202 A CN 109387202A CN 201710670179 A CN201710670179 A CN 201710670179A CN 109387202 A CN109387202 A CN 109387202A
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- wind tower
- acceleration
- wind
- survey calculation
- calculation device
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/10—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration
- G01C21/12—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning
- G01C21/16—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 by using measurements of speed or acceleration executed aboard the object being navigated; Dead reckoning by integrating acceleration or speed, i.e. inertial navigation
- G01C21/18—Stabilised platforms, e.g. by gyroscope
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
Abstract
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of wind tower, at least one survey calculation device is installed outside wind tower, to measure the posture of wind tower, survey calculation device includes gyroscope, acceleration inertial sensor and acquisition transmission circuit, acceleration inertial sensor and gyroscope be mounted on the sustained height of wind tower it is same radially;Another aspect provides the methods that wind tower realizes survey calculation Miniature posture.The configuration of the present invention is simple, measurement accuracy is high, and cost is relatively low for used unit, not only solves technical problem, but also have cost advantage, has application value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the sides of wind power generation field more particularly to a kind of wind tower and measurement and calculating wind tower Miniature posture
Method.
Background technique
Wind energy is important one of renewable and clean energy resource, and China's offshore wind energy resource is abundant, accelerates offshore wind farm construction,
For promoting coastal area to administer, haze, readjusting the energy structure is of great significance with Economic Development Mode Conversion.
Wind-driven generator is the important power equipment for converting wind energy into electric energy, generally by wind wheel, generator, direction-regulator,
The buildings such as pylon (wind tower), speed-limiting safety mechanism and energy storage device composition.Wind tower is connected with basis, and support is located at aerial hair
Motor bears the load that the natural environments such as various load and wind, earthquake caused by generator is run apply, is main stress
One of component, be easy to appear resonance, fatigue phenomena such as, the stability of wind tower is influenced, to threaten entire wind power generating set
Safe operation.Offshore wind farm single machine installed capacity is big, and natural environment is increasingly complex, and correspondingly, the stability of wind tower receives more
Big challenge.
In order to ensure the safety in generator operation, needs in generator operation, constantly monitor wind tower
Miniature posture, to understand the variation of the performance and state of wind tower in time, to find potential risk and smoothly reply burst in time
Situation.But wind tower attitudes vibration is very small, simultaneously because wind tower is affected by various factors, attitudes vibration is not advised
Rule, therefore, current existing wind tower do not have directly measurement or by calculate measure indirectly itself Miniature posture device and
Corresponding calculation method, this will cause security risk to the operation of wind-driven generator.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the shortage of prior art, provides a kind of wind tower and measurement and calculate the miniature appearance of wind tower
The method of state is able to solve current wind tower and does not have measurement and calculate itself Miniature posture function, can not real-time monitoring, guarantee hair
The problem of motor operation safety.
To achieve the goals above, one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of wind tower, installs at least one outside wind tower
Survey calculation device, survey calculation device include gyroscope, acceleration inertial sensor and acquisition transmission circuit, acceleration inertia
Sensor and gyroscope be mounted on the sustained height of wind tower it is same radially.
Gyroscope is used to measure the angular speed of wind tower movement;Acceleration inertial sensor is for measuring wind tower motion profile
Tangential resultant acceleration;Acquisition transmission circuit is used to acquire the angular speed for the wind tower movement that gyroscope measures and acceleration inertia passes
The tangential resultant acceleration for the wind tower motion profile that sensor measures, and angular speed and resultant acceleration is combined to calculate the miniature appearance of wind tower
State.
Further, survey calculation device further includes filter circuit, the signal for measuring to acceleration inertial sensor
It is filtered;
Further, it acquires transmission circuit combination angular speed and resultant acceleration calculates the Miniature posture of wind tower are as follows:Wherein, L is mounting height of the survey calculation device apart from wind tower bottom, and ω is angular speed, and a is to cut
To resultant acceleration, g is acceleration of gravity;
Further, survey calculation device is multiple, and the radial direction along wind tower sustained height is successively arranged;
Further, survey calculation device is multiple, and the axial direction along wind tower is successively arranged;
The measurement and calculating for the survey calculation device realization based on above-mentioned wind tower that another aspect provides a kind of
Wind tower is simplified to a beam by the method for wind tower Miniature posture, and under external force, the movement of wind tower is simplified to wind tower bottom
For the center of circle, for the mounting height using survey calculation device apart from wind tower bottom as the circular motion of radius, this method includes following step
It is rapid:
Step 1 measures the tangential resultant acceleration a of wind tower motion profile;
Step 2, the angular velocity omega of measurement wind tower movement;
Step 3, according to formulaThe Miniature posture θ of wind tower is calculated, wherein L is meter
Mounting height of the device apart from wind tower bottom is calculated, ω is angular speed, and a is tangential resultant acceleration, and g is acceleration of gravity.
Wind tower provided in an embodiment of the present invention has measurement and calculates the function of itself Miniature posture, by acceleration inertia
Sensor, gyroscope, acquisition transmission circuit and corresponding calculation method realize the real-time monitoring to wind tower Miniature posture.This hair
Bright structure is simple, and measurement accuracy is higher, and cost is relatively low for used unit, not only solves technical problem, but also have cost advantage, has
Application value.
Detailed description of the invention
Included attached drawing is used to provide to be further understood from the embodiment of the present invention, and which constitute one of specification
Point, for illustrating the embodiment of the present invention, and come together to illustrate the principle of the present invention with verbal description.It should be evident that below
Attached drawing in description is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, is not paying creation
Property labour under the premise of, be also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is survey calculation device frame figure provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the simplified model schematic diagram of wind tower in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing.In the following description, for solution
Purpose and not restrictive is released, elaborates detail, to help to be apparent from the present invention.However, to those skilled in the art
It is readily apparent that the present invention can also be practiced in the other embodiments departing from these details for member.
It should be noted that only showing in the accompanying drawings in order to avoid having obscured the present invention because of unnecessary details
Gone out with closely related device structure and/or processing step according to the solution of the present invention, and be omitted with relationship of the present invention not
Big other details.
Wind tower is the important component of wind-driven generator, is main stressed member, in wind-driven generator operational process
In, it is to be understood that the state of wind tower ensures the safe operation of wind-driven generator.Wind tower will receive sea on marine or hillside
The impact of the external force such as wave or wind, so that wind tower generates vibration.In the vibration initial stage, wind tower is in the state of forced vibration,
Vibration at this time is irregular vibration;After a certain period of time, forced vibration reaches stable state, the vibration frequency of wind tower and period
The vibration frequency of property external force is equal, and amplitude preservation is constant, at this point, forced vibration is changed into simple harmonic motion.But in fact,
Under the impact of wave, it is less simple harmonic motion that it is not periodic vibration that wind tower most of time, which is all doing forced vibration,.
Since the movement of wind tower is irregular and attitudes vibration is very small, the posture of wind tower is difficult to measure and calculate, therefore
And current wind tower does not have measurement and calculates the function of itself Miniature posture, can not just carry out wind tower real-time monitoring yet, this
The missing of one function will bury security risk to the operation of wind-power electricity generation.
In order to solve problem above, the present invention provides a kind of wind tower, at least one survey calculation dress is installed in wind tower outside
It sets, survey calculation device includes gyroscope, acceleration inertial sensor and acquisition transmission circuit, acceleration inertial sensor and top
Spiral shell instrument be mounted on the sustained height of wind tower it is same radially.
Gyroscope is used to measure the angular speed of wind tower movement;Acceleration inertial sensor is for measuring wind tower motion profile
Tangential resultant acceleration;Acquisition transmission circuit is used to acquire the angular speed for the wind tower movement that gyroscope measures and acceleration inertia passes
The tangential resultant acceleration for the wind tower motion profile that sensor measures, and angular speed and resultant acceleration is combined to calculate the miniature appearance of wind tower
State.
Wherein, gyroscope can select silicon micro-gyroscope, fibre optic gyroscope, quartz Gyro instrument etc., single shaft, twin shaft, three axis
Etc. types can be achieved the purpose of the present invention.Under external force, that does random slight amplitude in the sky waves fortune to wind tower
It is dynamic, that is to say, that the movement of wind tower occurs in the numerous vertical plane that the numerous radial direction and wind tower itself of wind tower form.One
A acceleration inertial sensor can measure the athletic posture of wind tower one radially;One single axis gyroscope can measure wind tower
One athletic posture radially, correspondingly, dual spindle gyroscopes can measure wind tower two orthogonal radial athletic postures, three axis
Gyroscope can measure wind tower two orthogonal radial directions (axial direction that the orthogonal direction of another radial direction orthogonal with two is wind tower)
Athletic posture.Therefore, in the present invention, a survey calculation device includes at least one acceleration inertial sensor and a gyro
Instrument, when installation, it is ensured that sustained height of the one of measurement direction of acceleration inertial sensor and gyroscope in wind tower
It is same radially, with wind tower measure the same athletic posture radially of sustained height.
What acceleration inertial sensor transmitted out is analog signal, is needed by the conversion module quilt in acquisition transmission circuit
Be converted to digital signal, specific connection type are as follows: the output end of acceleration inertial sensor is connect with acquisition transmission circuit, is acquired
Module input is connect with acceleration inertial sensor, for receiving the analog signal of acceleration inertial sensor, and will simulation
Signal is converted to the first digital signal, and acquisition module output end is connect with computing module, for giving the first digital data transmission
Computing module is calculated.
Gyroscope output is digital signal, and specific connection type is that the output end of gyroscope and acquisition transmission circuit connect
It connects, acquisition module input terminal is connect with gyroscope, for receiving the second digital signal of gyroscope, acquisition module output end and meter
Module connection is calculated, for calculating the second digital data transmission to computer module.
The intensity of signal is improved while guaranteeing signal integrity, and filtering can be added in survey calculation device
Circuit, the signal for measuring to acceleration inertial sensor are filtered.
Acquiring includes computing module in transmission circuit, and receiving, the wind tower movement angle that acceleration inertial sensor measures is fast
After the tangential resultant acceleration of degree and the wind tower motion profile of gyroscope measurement, which calculates wind tower according to the formula of setting
Miniature posture θ, specific formula are as follows:Wherein, L is peace of the survey calculation device apart from wind tower bottom
Dress height, ω are the angular speed of wind tower movement, and a is the tangential resultant acceleration of wind tower motion profile, and g is acceleration of gravity.
Since wind tower is influenced by external a variety of external force, and the action direction of various external force and size and irregular, therefore,
The direction of motion of wind tower is not unique, to more fully measure the posture of wind tower, needs measurement wind tower as much as possible different
Posture radially, for this purpose, the survey calculation device in wind tower needs to be arranged multiple, multiple survey calculation devices are same along wind tower
The radial direction of height is successively arranged.
Simultaneously as wind tower height is higher, the direction of external force suffered by the wind tower of different height and of different sizes, therefore wind tower
Each section of movement may show asynchronous, measure the posture of wind tower in order to be more accurate, can wind tower difference it is high
Degree measurement posture.For this purpose, the survey calculation device in wind tower needs to be arranged multiple, axial direction of multiple survey calculation devices along wind tower
Successively arrange.
The present invention also provides a kind of measurement that above-mentioned wind tower is realized and the method for calculating wind tower Miniature posture, reference simultaneously
Wind tower is simplified to a beam by Fig. 2, and under external force, the movement of wind tower is simplified to using wind tower bottom as the center of circle, with meter
The circular motion that mounting height of the device apart from wind tower bottom is radius is calculated, method includes the following steps:
Step 1 measures the tangential resultant acceleration a of wind tower motion profile;
Step 2, the angular velocity omega of measurement wind tower movement;
Step 3, according to formulaThe Miniature posture θ of wind tower is calculated, wherein L is meter
Mounting height of the device apart from wind tower bottom is calculated, ω is angular speed, and a is tangential resultant acceleration, and g is acceleration of gravity.
The movement of wind tower is irregular, and still, after the motion profile of wind tower is divided into countless sections, then each section of track be all
The a part for becoming and accelerating circular motion can be considered as, therefore, the movement of wind tower is reduced to change and accelerates circular motion model can
The real motion situation of fine simulation wind tower has very high accuracy with the calculated Miniature posture of this model.In conjunction with figure
2, the derivation calculating process of wind tower posture θ is as follows:
The tangential acceleration of wind tower survey calculation device installation place are as follows:
Component of the acceleration of gravity on tangential are as follows:
gTangentially=g sin θ
The then tangential resultant acceleration of wind tower survey calculation device installation place are as follows:
Thus, it is possible to derive the posture θ of wind tower are as follows:
Wherein, L is mounting height of the survey calculation device apart from wind tower bottom;ω is the angular speed of wind tower movement, by top
Spiral shell instrument measures;A is the tangential resultant acceleration of wind tower motion profile, is measured by acceleration inertial sensor;G is acceleration of gravity.
In practice, the posture θ of wind tower is very small, therefore according to mathematical theory, it is believed that θ ≈ sin θ.Wind tower at this time
Posture θ are as follows:
After a certain period of time, by computer-processing software, the attitude data of preservation is downloaded in computer for work, so as to
Carry out subsequent processing and analysis.
As above it describes for a kind of embodiment and/or the feature that shows can be in a manner of same or similar at one or more
It is used in a number of other embodiments, and/or combines or substitute the feature in other embodiments with the feature in other embodiments
It uses.
It should be emphasized that term "comprises/comprising" refers to the presence of feature, one integral piece, step or component when using herein, but simultaneously
It is not excluded for the presence or additional of one or more other features, one integral piece, step, component or combinations thereof.
The device and method more than present invention can be by hardware realization, can also be by combination of hardware software realization.The present invention
It is related to such computer-readable program, when the program is performed by logical block, the logical block can be made to realize above
The device or component parts, or the logical block is made to realize various method or steps described above.The invention further relates to
For storing the storage medium of procedure above, such as hard disk, disk, CD, DVD, flash memory.
The many features and advantage of these embodiments are clear according to the detailed description, therefore appended claims are intended to
Cover all these feature and advantage of these embodiments fallen into its true spirit and range.Further, since this field
Technical staff is readily apparent that many modifications and changes, therefore is not meant to for the embodiment of the present invention to be limited to illustrated and description essence
Really structurally and operationally, but all suitable modifications and the equivalent fallen within the scope of its can be covered.
Unspecified part of the present invention is known to the skilled person technology.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of wind tower, which is characterized in that install at least one survey calculation device, the survey calculation dress outside the wind tower
It sets including gyroscope, acceleration inertial sensor and acquisition transmission circuit, the acceleration inertial sensor and the gyroscope
Be mounted on the sustained height of the wind tower it is same radially;
The gyroscope is used to measure the angular speed of the wind tower movement;
The acceleration inertial sensor is used to measure the tangential resultant acceleration of the wind tower motion profile;
The acquisition transmission circuit is used to acquire the angular speed and the acceleration that the wind tower that the gyroscope measures moves
The tangential resultant acceleration for the wind tower motion profile that degree inertial sensor measures, and accelerate in conjunction with the angular speed and the conjunction
Degree calculates the Miniature posture of the wind tower.
2. wind tower according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the survey calculation device further includes filter circuit, is used for
The signal measured to the acceleration inertial sensor is filtered.
3. wind tower according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the acquisition transmission circuit is in conjunction with the angular speed and described
Resultant acceleration calculates the Miniature posture of the wind tower are as follows:Wherein, L be the survey calculation device away from
Mounting height from the wind tower bottom, ω are the angular speed, and a is the tangential resultant acceleration, and g is acceleration of gravity.
4. wind tower according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the survey calculation device be it is multiple, it is same along the wind tower
The radial direction of one height is successively arranged.
5. wind tower according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the survey calculation device be it is multiple, along the wind tower
It is axial successively to arrange.
6. a kind of measurement realized based on any one of claim 1-5 described device and the method for calculating wind tower Miniature posture,
It is characterized in that, the wind tower is simplified to a beam, and under external force, the movement of the wind tower is simplified to the wind tower bottom
Portion is the center of circle, and the mounting height using the survey calculation device apart from the wind tower bottom is the circular motion of radius, this method
The following steps are included:
Step 1 measures the tangential resultant acceleration a of the wind tower motion profile;
Step 2 measures the angular velocity omega of the wind tower movement;
Step 3, according to formulaThe Miniature posture θ of wind tower is calculated, wherein L is the meter
Mounting height of the device apart from the wind tower bottom is calculated, ω is the angular speed, and a is the tangential resultant acceleration, and g is that gravity adds
Speed.
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CN103645489A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-03-19 | 航天恒星科技有限公司 | A spacecraft GNSS single antenna attitude determination method |
CN103899293A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-07-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | System used for measuring impact vibration state of downhole instrument while drilling |
CN103921778A (en) * | 2013-01-10 | 2014-07-16 | 英飞凌科技股份有限公司 | Wheel localizer, wheel localization device, system, and method for locating a position of a wheel |
CN106052623A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-10-26 | 西安交通大学 | Non-rotating central installation type angular displacement measurement sensor and measurement method thereof |
CN106093468A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-09 | 航天科工惯性技术有限公司 | A kind of device measured for angular acceleration |
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2017
- 2017-08-08 CN CN201710670179.5A patent/CN109387202B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103899293A (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-07-02 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | System used for measuring impact vibration state of downhole instrument while drilling |
CN103921778A (en) * | 2013-01-10 | 2014-07-16 | 英飞凌科技股份有限公司 | Wheel localizer, wheel localization device, system, and method for locating a position of a wheel |
CN103267527A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-08-28 | 重庆绿色智能技术研究院 | System and method for realizing tower stability monitoring and early-warning |
CN103645489A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-03-19 | 航天恒星科技有限公司 | A spacecraft GNSS single antenna attitude determination method |
CN106093468A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-09 | 航天科工惯性技术有限公司 | A kind of device measured for angular acceleration |
CN106052623A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-10-26 | 西安交通大学 | Non-rotating central installation type angular displacement measurement sensor and measurement method thereof |
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