CN109387063B - Agricultural drying machine and automatic control method thereof - Google Patents
Agricultural drying machine and automatic control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109387063B CN109387063B CN201810773630.0A CN201810773630A CN109387063B CN 109387063 B CN109387063 B CN 109387063B CN 201810773630 A CN201810773630 A CN 201810773630A CN 109387063 B CN109387063 B CN 109387063B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/12—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/12—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
- F26B17/16—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the materials passing down a heated surface, e.g. fluid-heated closed ducts or other heating elements in contact with the moving stack of material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B9/00—Preservation of edible seeds, e.g. cereals
- A23B9/08—Drying; Subsequent reconstitution
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/003—Supply-air or gas filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/08—Humidity
- F26B21/086—Humidity by condensing the moisture in the drying medium, which may be recycled, e.g. using a heat pump cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/001—Heating arrangements using waste heat
- F26B23/002—Heating arrangements using waste heat recovered from dryer exhaust gases
- F26B23/004—Heating arrangements using waste heat recovered from dryer exhaust gases by compressing and condensing vapour in exhaust gases, i.e. using an open cycle heat pump system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/001—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
- F26B25/002—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements for bulk goods
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/005—Treatment of dryer exhaust gases
- F26B25/007—Dust filtering; Exhaust dust filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2200/06—Grains, e.g. cereals, wheat, rice, corn
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention relates to an agricultural drying machine and an automatic control method thereof, in particular to an agricultural machine for drying grains and an automatic control method thereof, belonging to the technical field of agricultural machines. This drying machine mainly used cereal drying process, this drying machine are discharged the moisture that produces among the drying process of cereal in with the drying section, retrieve the back with the heat of this air simultaneously, return the air to the tempering storehouse again, realized that tempering process has the dry air requirement of low temperature, high flow, reduced cereal the waist rate of bursting. Simultaneously, the cereal that is taken out among the drying process also can separate better, returns to the tempering storehouse, has improved the utilization ratio of cereal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an agricultural drying machine and an automatic control method thereof, in particular to an agricultural machine for drying grains and an automatic control method thereof, belonging to the technical field of agricultural machines.
Background
In the process of drying grains (rice, wheat, millet, corn and the like), the main drying process is divided into two sections, namely a drying section, wherein the drying section mainly transfers and vaporizes moisture on the surface of the grains, and the moisture drying process is quick, so that air with high moisture content is generated; the latter section is a tempering section, which is mainly a process of transferring moisture inside grains outwards, and because the transferring process is slow, if air with higher temperature and smaller flow is adopted, the capacity causes surface cracking (waist bursting rate) of grains, therefore, the common practice is to adopt low-temperature and high-air flow to conduct tempering, so that the drying process is gentle, and the waist bursting rate of grains is reduced.
In the above process, there are several key factors: 1. the moisture content of the air generated in the drying process is high, and the air is directly applied to the following tempering section process, so that the drying effect is poor. 2. During the drying process, because the surface drying speed of the grains is high, a large amount of skin fragments of the grains can be generated, and the quality of the grains is influenced. 3. The tempering section needs larger air flow, and the tempering process is supplied with air after external air is directly reheated, so that the operation cost and the energy consumption are improved.
Therefore, the above three problems need to be solved by adopting a system integration method.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an agricultural drying machine which is mainly used for the drying process of grains, the drying machine discharges moisture generated in the drying process of grains in a drying section, meanwhile, after the heat of air is recovered, the air is returned to a tempering bin, the requirement of low-temperature and high-flow dry air in the tempering process is met, and the waist bursting rate of the grains is reduced. Simultaneously, the cereal that is taken out among the drying process also can separate better, returns to the tempering storehouse, has improved the utilization ratio of cereal.
The technical scheme is as follows:
first aspect of the invention:
an agricultural drying machine comprising:
the drying bin main body consists of a drying bin positioned on the upper layer and a tempering bin positioned on the lower layer, and the drying bin is communicated with the tempering bin;
the feeding device is used for feeding grains into the feeding device;
the lifting device is used for connecting the feeding device with the feeding device and lifting the grains from the feeding device to the feeding device positioned at the upper part of the drying bin main body;
the feeding device is used for feeding the grains to the drying bin;
the blocking barriers are distributed in the drying bin and the tempering bin and used for blocking the grains and preventing the grains from falling too fast;
the hollow plate is vertically arranged in the drying bin and is of a hollow structure, and micropores are distributed on the hollow plate;
the powder separator is arranged outside the drying bin main body, and an inlet of the powder separator is communicated with the inside of the hollow plate and used for separating powder in air pumped out of the hollow plate;
an outlet of the powder separator is provided with an exhaust pipeline, and an evaporator, a gas-liquid separator and a condenser are sequentially arranged in the exhaust pipeline from the upstream to the downstream of the gas; one end of the evaporator is connected back to the other end of the evaporator through the compressor, the condenser and the expansion valve in sequence to form a closed cycle;
the exhaust pipeline is also provided with a suction pump, and the gas downstream end of the exhaust pipeline is communicated with the upper part of the tempering cabin.
The diameter of the micropores is 0.5-3 mm.
A drying air inlet is also arranged in the tempering bin and is used for drying the grains in the tempering bin in air.
The powder separator structurally comprises:
the gas conveying pipe is communicated with the inlet of the powder separator;
a light source is arranged on one side of the gas conveying pipe, a photoelectric conversion unit is arranged on the other side of the gas conveying pipe in the irradiation direction of the light source, and a glass sheet is arranged on the surface of the photoelectric conversion unit to protect the lens; the glass sheet is arranged in the glass conveying pipe, and the glass sheet is arranged in the glass conveying pipe; a gas nozzle is arranged on the other side of the gas conveying pipe in the downstream direction of the photoelectric conversion unit, the spraying direction of the gas nozzle faces the gas conveying pipe, the gas nozzle is connected with the elastic air bag, and an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the gas nozzle; an arc-shaped downstream flow deflector is arranged on the gas conveying pipe in the downstream direction of the glass sheet; the gas discharge direction of the upstream flow deflector faces the lower surface of the downstream flow deflector, and the gas spraying direction of the gas nozzle faces the upper surface of the downstream flow deflector; an airflow circulating channel is also arranged at the downstream side of the downstream flow deflector and is used for accommodating the gas tangentially flowing out of the downstream flow deflector; a coarse filter screen is also arranged in the airflow circulating channel, and the other end of the airflow circulating channel is communicated with a gap formed between the rotating wheel and the upstream flow deflector; the tail end of the gas conveying pipe is connected with a gas outlet of the powder separator; a precise filter screen is arranged at the downstream side of the gas nozzle in the gas conveying pipe; the central control unit is used for analyzing the particle size of the particles in the inlet air collected by the photoelectric conversion unit, when the particle size of the particles is larger than a threshold value, grains are determined to enter the gas conveying pipe, at the moment, the central control unit sends an instruction to open the electromagnetic valve, and high-pressure gas in the elastic air bag is sprayed out from the gas nozzle; the inlet end of the pressure pump is communicated with a gas conveying pipe at the downstream side of the precision filter screen, and the outlet end of the pressure pump is communicated with the elastic air bag; the central control unit commands the pressurizing pump to start working when detecting that the pressure in the elastic air bag is lower than a first threshold value, so that the pressure in the elastic air bag is restored to be higher than a second threshold value; the second threshold is greater than the first threshold.
The side surface of the coarse filter screen is connected with a recovery tank, and the recovery tank is connected with the upper part of the tempering bin.
The side of the precision filter screen is connected with the powder collecting tank.
The powder collecting tank is connected with the combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber is used for providing heat for a hot air inlet of the drying bin.
Second aspect of the invention:
the automatic control method of the agricultural drying machine comprises the following steps:
step 1, adding grains into a drying bin through a feeding device, and inputting hot air for drying into a hot air inlet in the drying bin to dry the grains; drying the grains, then dropping the grains into a tempering bin below the tempering bin, entering a tempering process, and finally discharging the grains from a discharging bin below the tempering bin;
and 3, transferring heat of the gas in the exhaust pipeline through a heat pump system consisting of an evaporator, a compressor and a condenser expansion valve, reducing the temperature of the gas, removing water drops in the cooled air through a gas-liquid separator, sending the air without the water drops into the exhaust pipeline, and transferring the heat collected in the heat pump system into the exhaust pipeline.
The method of operation in a powder separator comprises:
s1, filtering the gas sucked in the gas conveying pipe by adopting a precision filter screen, and discharging the filtered gas from a gas outlet of the powder separator;
s2, detecting the particle size of the sucked gas on line through a light source and a photoelectric conversion unit in the gas conveying pipe, blowing the particles away from the gas conveying pipe through lateral blowing of the gas conveying pipe when the average particle size of the particles is larger than a threshold value, filtering out large particles through a coarse filter screen, and returning the filtered gas to the gas conveying pipe;
s3, the air generated after the rotating wheel rotates tangentially flows out from the upstream flow deflector, the tangential direction faces one side of the downstream flow deflector, and the spraying direction of the air nozzle faces the other side of the downstream flow deflector;
and S4, monitoring the gas pressure in the elastic air bag connected with the gas nozzle, and when the pressure is too low, pressurizing and injecting air filtered by the fine filter screen into the elastic air bag to maintain the pressure in the elastic air bag.
The third aspect of the present invention:
an agricultural drying machine comprising:
the drying bin main body consists of a drying bin positioned on the upper layer and a tempering bin positioned on the lower layer, and the drying bin is communicated with the tempering bin;
the feeding device is used for feeding grains into the feeding device;
the lifting device is used for connecting the feeding device with the feeding device and lifting the grains from the feeding device to the feeding device positioned at the upper part of the drying bin main body;
the feeding device is used for feeding the grains to the drying bin;
the blocking barriers are distributed in the drying bin and the tempering bin and used for blocking the grains and preventing the grains from falling too fast;
the hollow plate is vertically arranged in the drying bin and is of a hollow structure, and micropores are distributed on the hollow plate;
the powder separator is arranged outside the drying bin main body, and an inlet of the powder separator is communicated with the inside of the hollow plate and used for separating powder in air pumped out of the hollow plate;
an outlet of the powder separator is provided with an exhaust pipeline, and an evaporator and an air suction pump are arranged in the exhaust pipeline;
the upper part of the tempering bin is connected with an air supply pipeline, and a suction pump is arranged in the air supply pipeline and used for sending external air into the tempering bin; a condenser is also arranged in the gas supply pipeline; one end of the evaporator is connected back to the other end of the evaporator through the compressor, the condenser and the expansion valve in sequence to form a closed cycle.
Advantageous effects
The agricultural dryer provided by the invention better solves the problems of the removal of water-containing air in a drying section and the removal of grain powder in a grain drying process; meanwhile, the air flow of the tempering section can be improved, the tempering process with low temperature and high flow is realized, the waist bursting rate is reduced, and the product quality is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general block diagram of an agricultural drying machine;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a powder separator;
FIG. 3 is a general block diagram of another agricultural drying machine;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the hollow board;
wherein, 1, drying the main body of the storehouse; 2. a feeding device; 3. a lifting device; 4. a feeding device; 5. a drying bin; 6. tempering; 7. a hot air inlet; 8. blocking the barrier grids; 9. a hollow slab; 10. micropores; 11. a powder separator; 12. a recovery tank; 13. a powder collecting tank; 14. an evaporator; 15. a compressor; 16. a condenser; 17. an expansion valve; 18. a suction pump; 19. an air supply outlet; 20. a discharging bin; 21. a gas delivery pipe; 22. a light source; 23. a photoelectric conversion unit; 24. a glass sheet; 25. a rotating wheel; 26. an upstream flow deflector; 27. an elastic air bag; 28. a gas nozzle; 29. a gas supply duct; 30. a pressure pump; 31. a precise filter screen; 32. coarse filtration; 33. an airflow circulation passage; 34. an exhaust duct; 35. a gas-liquid separator; 36. a getter pump; 37. a gas supply duct; 38. an electromagnetic valve; 39. a downstream flow deflector.
Detailed Description
The terms "upstream" and "downstream" in the present invention are used similarly to refer to the direction of air flow as upstream and the direction of air flow as downstream.
Example 1
The structure of the drying machine provided by the invention is shown in figure 1, and comprises:
the drying bin comprises a drying bin main body 1 and a tempering bin, wherein the drying bin main body 1 is composed of a drying bin 5 positioned at the upper layer and a tempering bin 6 positioned at the lower layer, and the drying bin 5 is communicated with the tempering bin 6;
the feeding device 2 is used for feeding grains into the feeding device and can be a feeding funnel and other equipment;
the lifting device 3 is used for connecting the feeding device 2 with the feeding device 4 and lifting the grains from the feeding device 2 to the feeding device 4 positioned at the upper part of the drying bin main body 1, and the lifting device 3 can adopt devices such as a conveyor belt and the like;
the feeding device 4 is used for feeding grains into the drying bin 5 and can adopt equipment such as a vibrating screen;
the blocking barriers 8 are distributed in the drying bin 5 and the tempering bin 6 and used for blocking the grains and preventing the grains from falling too fast;
a hollow plate 9 vertically installed in the drying chamber 5, wherein the hollow plate is of a hollow structure, and micropores 10 are distributed on the hollow plate 9 (the diameter of each micropore 10 is 1.5mm, and the distribution of the micropores 10 on the front surface is shown in fig. 4);
a powder separator 11 disposed outside the drying chamber main body 1, wherein an inlet of the powder separator 11 is communicated with the inside of the hollow plate 9, and is used for separating powder (mainly fine grain shells and a small amount of grain which leaks through micropores) in air pumped out from the hollow plate 9;
an exhaust pipeline 34 is arranged at the outlet of the powder separator 11, and an evaporator 14, a condenser 16 and a gas-liquid separator 35 are sequentially arranged in the exhaust pipeline from the upstream to the downstream of the gas; one end of the evaporator 14 is connected back to the other end of the evaporator 14 through a compressor 15, a condenser 16 and an expansion valve 17 in sequence to form a closed cycle;
the exhaust pipe 34 is also provided with a suction pump 18, the downstream gas end of the exhaust pipe 34 is communicated with the upper part of the tempering cabin 6, air can be supplied into the tempering cabin 6 again to improve the air flow of the tempering cabin 6, if the air flow of the tempering cabin 6 is further improved, the tempering cabin 6 can also be provided with a dry air inlet used for drying the grains in the tempering cabin 6.
The operation method of the device comprises the following steps:
adding grains into a drying bin 5 through a feeding device 4, and inputting hot air for drying into a hot air inlet 7 in the drying bin 5 to dry the grains; after being dried, the grains fall into a tempering bin 6 below the tempering bin to enter a tempering process, and finally, the grains are discharged from a discharging bin 20 below the tempering bin 6;
since the main moisture transfer is the transfer and vaporization of the surface moisture of the grains during the drying process in the drying chamber 5, the humidity of the air in the drying chamber 5 rises quickly, and a large amount of grain surface fragments after the moisture on the grain surface is vaporized are generated in the drying chamber, which affects the drying quality of the grains. Therefore, air is drawn from the hollow board 9 of the drying chamber 5 by the suction pump 18, and after the powder material (mainly surface crumbs and a small amount of grains) in the air is separated by the powder separator 11, the air is sent to the exhaust duct 34;
in addition, because the gas in the exhaust duct 34 passes through the heat pump system composed of the evaporator 14, the compressor 15 and the condenser 16 expansion valve 17, when the heat pump system is in operation, the evaporator 14 firstly transfers the heat in the exhaust duct 34, then the gas temperature drops, when the gas passes through the gas-liquid separator 35, the water drops in the cooled air are removed, when the air further moves into the exhaust duct 34, the air with the water drops removed is sent into the exhaust duct 34, and simultaneously the condenser 16 in the heat pump system transfers the heat collected in the heat pump system to the exhaust duct 34, because the exhaust duct 34 is connected with the upper part of the tempering bin 6, the air with the water removed in the part returns to the tempering bin, the air flow rate in the tempering bin is improved, and the heat in the drying bin 5 can be fully utilized.
Since the air extracted from the hollow core slab 9 contains grain skin crumbles and grains, and the grains need to be reused, in a modified embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the structure of the powder separator 11 includes:
a gas delivery pipe 21 communicating with an inlet of the powder separator 11;
a light source 22 is arranged on one side of the gas conveying pipe 21, a photoelectric conversion unit 23 is arranged on the other side of the gas conveying pipe 21 in the irradiation direction of the light source 22, and a glass sheet 24 is arranged on the surface of the photoelectric conversion unit 23 to protect the lens; a rotating wheel 25 is arranged in the upstream direction of the gas conveying pipe 21 on the same side as the glass sheet 24, an arc-shaped upstream guide vane 26 is arranged outside the rotating wheel 25, and the rotating wheel 25 can discharge air into the gas conveying pipe 21 from a gap between the upstream guide vane 26 and the rotating wheel 25 after rotating; a gas nozzle 28 is arranged on the other side of the gas delivery pipe 21 in the downstream direction of the photoelectric conversion unit 23, the spraying direction of the gas nozzle is towards the gas delivery pipe 21, the gas nozzle 28 is connected with the elastic air bag 27, and an electromagnetic valve 38 is arranged on the gas nozzle 28; an arc-shaped downstream guide vane 39 is arranged on the gas delivery pipe 21 in the downstream direction of the glass sheet 24; the gas discharge direction of the upstream baffle 26 is toward the lower surface of the downstream baffle 39, and the gas ejection direction of the gas nozzle 28 is toward the upper surface of the downstream baffle 39; a gas circulation channel 33 is further provided on the downstream side of the downstream guide vane 39, the gas circulation channel 33 accommodating the gas tangentially flowing out of the downstream guide vane 39; a coarse strainer 32 is further provided in the airflow circulation passage 33, and the other end of the airflow circulation passage 33 communicates with a gap formed between the runner 25 and the upstream baffle 26; the end of the gas delivery pipe 21 is connected to the gas outlet of the powder separator 11; a precision screen 31 is also arranged at the downstream side of the gas nozzle 28 in the gas conveying pipe 21; the device also comprises a central control unit, which is used for analyzing the particle size of the entering air collected by the photoelectric conversion unit 23, when the particle size of the particles is larger than a threshold value, the grains are determined to enter the gas conveying pipe 21, at the moment, the central control unit sends an instruction to open the electromagnetic valve 38, and the high-pressure gas in the elastic air bag 27 is sprayed out from the gas nozzle 28; the device also comprises a pressure pump 30, wherein the inlet end of the pressure pump 30 is communicated with the downstream side gas conveying pipe 21 of the precision filter screen 31, and the outlet end of the pressure pump 30 is communicated with the elastic air bag 27; a pressure sensor is arranged in the elastic air bag 27 and is connected with a central control unit, when the central control unit detects that the pressure in the elastic air bag 27 is lower than a first threshold value, the central control unit commands the pressurizing pump 30 to start working, and the pressure in the elastic air bag 27 is restored to be higher than a second threshold value; the second threshold is greater than the first threshold. The side surface of the coarse strainer 32 is connected to the recovery tank 12, and the recovery tank 12 is connected to the upper part of the tempering tank 6. The side of the fine screen 31 is connected to the powder collection tank 13.
When the powder separator 11 is in operation, air firstly extracted from the hollow board 9 enters the air conveying pipe 21 and is intercepted by the precise filter screen 31 in the air conveying pipe 21, because the powder mainly contained in the air is the skin fragments of grains, the intercepted substances of the precise filter screen 31 are mainly the skin fragments, and the filtered air is discharged from the outlet of the powder separator 11 to the exhaust duct 34 to recycle the air flow and heat.
When the powder separator 11 works, the light source 22 emits light to the photoelectric conversion unit 23, and the photoelectric conversion unit 23 performs online analysis on the light to obtain the particle size; the powder separator 11 further comprises a circuit control module: the central control unit is used for analyzing the particle size of the entering air collected by the photoelectric conversion unit 23, when the particle size of the particles is larger than a threshold value, the grains are determined to enter the gas conveying pipe 21, at the moment, the central control unit sends an instruction to open the electromagnetic valve 38, the high-pressure gas in the elastic air bag 27 is sprayed out from the gas nozzle 28 to blow the grains away from the moving direction of the gas conveying pipe 21, and as the downstream of the glass sheet 24 is also provided with the gas flow circulation channel 33, the grains can be intercepted by the coarse filter screen 32 after entering the gas conveying pipe 21 and cannot collide with the precise filter screen 31, so that the grains and the crushed powder are prevented from being mixed again, and the grains and the crushed powder can be respectively reused. The photoelectric conversion unit 23 is used for detecting the light signal emitted by the light source, and the change of the light signal is changed into the value of the particle size, and the optical method of the online particle size used herein can be referred to the prior art documents CN104390897A, CN106198325A, CN102410974A, CN105424557A, CN106018197A, CN101029863A, CN101509931A, CN105334147A, research and development of the online particle size detection system (the university of zhejiang university thesis, treble column, 2004), and the light transmission extinction method for online measurement of the particle size (the optical instrument in 1998 01; liu tieng, zhang zheng wei, zheng and xiao). The main principle is as follows: the laser is processed and then emitted to an air channel carrying particles in parallel, a particle group to be measured in a measuring area generates light scattering under the irradiation of the laser, the intensity and the spatial distribution of the scattered light are related to the size and the concentration of the particle group to be measured, the scattered light of the particle group is received by a Fourier lens, the scattering spectrum of the particle group is received by an annular photoelectric detector on the back focal plane of the lens and converted into a current signal, the current signal is sent to a single chip microcomputer system after signal processing and AD conversion, the single chip microcomputer analyzes and calculates the acquired data, and the data processing is carried out according to a Fraunhofer diffraction theory, and then the statistical data and the distribution curve of the particle size are displayed.
Because the air sprayed from the gas nozzle 28 causes turbulence in the air at the front end of the glass sheet 24 during use, the air sprayed moves relative to the air entering the gas delivery pipe 21, so that the dust inside the glass sheet is diffused, and some dust adheres to the glass sheet 24, which results in a decrease in the sensitivity and accuracy of the photoelectric sensing system. Therefore, by the rotation of the runner 25, the air is caused to form an air curtain after being stabilized by the upstream baffle 26 and to pass through the glass sheet 24 without causing dust of the turbulent air in the air delivery pipe 21 to adhere to the glass sheet 24; as shown in fig. 2, at the same time, after the downstream guide vane 39 is installed, since the air tangentially flowing from the upstream guide vane 26 directly flows to the upper surface of the downstream guide vane 39 and the air sprayed from the air nozzle 28 is sprayed to the lower surface of the downstream guide vane 39, the two air flows cannot directly intersect with each other, so that the mutual collision of the air in the air passage is further avoided, and the pollution of the glass sheet by dust is reduced. The other end of the air circulation passage 33 is connected to a gap formed between the runner 25 and the upstream guide vane 26, so that the air passing through the coarse filter 32 flows out of the upstream guide vane 26 and then is continuously filtered by the fine filter 31.
In one embodiment, a pressure pump 30 is further included, an inlet end of the pressure pump 30 is communicated with a downstream side air passage of the precision filter screen 31, and an outlet end of the pressure pump 30 is communicated with the elastic air bag 27; the pressure sensor is arranged in the elastic air bag 27 and is connected with the central control unit, when the central control unit detects that the pressure in the elastic air bag 27 is lower than a first threshold value, the central control unit commands the pressurizing pump 30 to start working, the pressure in the elastic air bag 27 is restored to be higher than a second threshold value, and the elastic air bag 27 can be continuously used by the gas nozzle 28 which can keep a certain pressure.
In one embodiment, the side of the coarse screen 32 is connected to the recovery tank 12, and the recovery tank 12 is connected to the upper part of the tempering bin 6, so that the grains can be returned to the tempering bin 6 again for drying, and the utilization rate of the grains is improved. The side of precision filter screen 31 is connected in powder collecting vat 13, and powder collecting vat 13 is connected with the combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber is used for providing the heat to the hot-blast import 7 in dry storehouse 5, can realize the cereal epidermis that obtains reuse, turns into heat energy.
Example 2
Another drying machine provided by the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, is mainly different from the device shown in fig. 1 in that: an exhaust pipeline 34 is arranged at the outlet of the powder separator 11, and the evaporator 14 and a suction pump 36 are arranged in the exhaust pipeline 34; an air supply pipeline 37 is connected to the upper part of the tempering cabin 6, and a suction pump 18 is arranged in the air supply pipeline 37 and used for sending external air into the tempering cabin 6; a condenser 16 is also provided in the gas supply duct 37; one end of the evaporator 14 is connected back to the other end of the evaporator 14 through a compressor 15, a condenser 16, and an expansion valve 17 in this order, constituting a closed cycle.
The air in the exhaust duct 34 is subjected to heat energy utilization by the evaporator 14, the heat energy is directly transferred to the air directly collected in the atmosphere, the heat energy is supplied to the collected air by the condenser 16, and the air is supplied to the tempering chamber 6 by the air supply duct 37.
This avoids the operation of directly using the gas-liquid separator 35 as in 1 to separate water droplets from air.
The other equipment and working method in the device can be the same as those in the device of embodiment 1.
Claims (6)
1. An agricultural drying machine, comprising:
the drying bin main body (1) is composed of a drying bin (5) positioned at the upper layer and a tempering bin (6) positioned at the lower layer, and the drying bin (5) is communicated with the tempering bin (6);
the feeding device (2) is used for feeding grains into the feeding device;
the lifting device (3) is used for connecting the feeding device (2) with the feeding device (4) and lifting the grains from the feeding device (2) to the feeding device (4) positioned at the upper part of the drying bin main body (1);
the feeding device (4) is used for feeding grains to the drying bin (5);
the blocking barriers (8) are distributed in the drying bin (5) and the tempering bin (6) and used for blocking the grains and preventing the grains from falling too fast;
the hollow plate (9) is vertically arranged in the drying bin (5) and is of a hollow structure, and micropores (10) are distributed on the hollow plate (9);
the powder separator (11) is arranged outside the drying bin main body (1), and an inlet of the powder separator (11) is communicated with the inside of the hollow plate (9) and used for separating powder in air pumped out of the hollow plate (9);
an outlet of the powder separator (11) is provided with an exhaust pipeline (34), and an evaporator (14), a gas-liquid separator (35) and a condenser (16) are sequentially arranged in the exhaust pipeline from the upstream to the downstream of the gas; one end of the evaporator (14) is connected back to the other end of the evaporator (14) through a compressor (15), a condenser (16) and an expansion valve (17) in sequence to form a closed cycle;
a suction pump (18) is also arranged in the exhaust pipeline (34), and the gas downstream end of the exhaust pipeline (34) is communicated with the upper part of the tempering bin (6);
the structure of the powder separator (11) comprises: a gas delivery pipe (21) which is communicated with the inlet of the powder separator (11); a light source (22) is arranged on one side of the gas conveying pipe (21), a photoelectric conversion unit (23) is arranged on the other side of the gas conveying pipe (21) in the irradiation direction of the light source (22), and a glass sheet (24) is arranged on the surface of the photoelectric conversion unit (23) to protect the lens; a rotating wheel (25) is arranged in the upstream direction of the gas conveying pipe (21) on the same side with the glass sheet (24), an arc-shaped upstream guide vane (26) is arranged outside the rotating wheel (25), and after the rotating wheel (25) rotates, air can be discharged into the gas conveying pipe (21) from a gap between the upstream guide vane (26) and the rotating wheel (25); a gas nozzle (28) is arranged on the other side of the gas conveying pipe (21) in the downstream direction of the photoelectric conversion unit (23), the spraying direction of the gas nozzle faces the gas conveying pipe (21), the gas nozzle (28) is connected with the elastic air bag (27), and an electromagnetic valve (38) is arranged on the gas nozzle (28); an arc-shaped downstream guide vane (39) is arranged on the gas conveying pipe (21) in the downstream direction of the glass sheet (24); the gas discharge direction of the upstream guide vane (26) faces to the lower surface of the downstream guide vane (39), and the gas spraying direction of the gas nozzle (28) faces to the upper surface of the downstream guide vane (39); a gas flow circulating channel (33) is further arranged at the downstream side of the downstream guide vane (39), and the gas flow circulating channel (33) is used for accommodating the gas which flows out tangentially of the downstream guide vane (39); a coarse filter screen (32) is further arranged in the airflow circulating channel (33), and the other end of the airflow circulating channel (33) is communicated with a gap formed between the rotating wheel (25) and the upstream guide vane (26); the tail end of the gas conveying pipe (21) is connected with a gas outlet of the powder separator (11); a precision filter screen (31) is arranged at the downstream side of the gas nozzle (28) in the gas conveying pipe (21); the device also comprises a central control unit, wherein the central control unit is used for analyzing the particle size of the entering air collected by the photoelectric conversion unit (23), when the particle size of the particles is larger than a threshold value, the grains are determined to enter the gas conveying pipe (21), at the moment, the central control unit sends out an instruction to open the electromagnetic valve (38), and high-pressure gas in the elastic air bag (27) is sprayed out from the gas nozzle (28); the device also comprises a pressure pump (30), wherein the inlet end of the pressure pump (30) is communicated with a downstream side gas conveying pipe (21) of the precision filter screen (31), and the outlet end of the pressure pump (30) is communicated with the elastic air bag (27); a pressure sensor is arranged in the elastic air bag (27), the pressure sensor is connected with a central control unit, when the central control unit detects that the pressure in the elastic air bag (27) is lower than a first threshold value, the central control unit commands a pressurizing pump (30) to start working, and the pressure in the elastic air bag (27) is restored to be above a second threshold value; the second threshold is greater than the first threshold.
2. An agricultural drying machine according to claim 1, characterised in that the diameter size of the micro-holes (10) is 0.5-3 mm.
3. Agricultural drying machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that a drying air inlet is also provided in the tempering chamber (6) for air drying the grain in the tempering chamber (6).
4. An agricultural drying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the sides of the coarse screen (32) are connected to the recovery tank (12), the recovery tank (12) being connected to the upper part of the tempering tank (6).
5. Agricultural drying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the side of the fine screen (31) is connected to the powder collection tank (13).
6. Agricultural drying machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the powder collection chute (13) is connected to a combustion chamber for supplying heat to the hot air inlet (7) of the drying silo (5).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710670696.2A CN107449265A (en) | 2017-08-08 | 2017-08-08 | A kind of agricultural drier tool and its autocontrol method |
| CN2017106706962 | 2017-08-08 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109387063A CN109387063A (en) | 2019-02-26 |
| CN109387063B true CN109387063B (en) | 2020-05-01 |
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| CN201710670696.2A Withdrawn CN107449265A (en) | 2017-08-08 | 2017-08-08 | A kind of agricultural drier tool and its autocontrol method |
| CN201810773630.0A Active CN109387063B (en) | 2017-08-08 | 2018-07-15 | Agricultural drying machine and automatic control method thereof |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201710670696.2A Withdrawn CN107449265A (en) | 2017-08-08 | 2017-08-08 | A kind of agricultural drier tool and its autocontrol method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107966006A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-04-27 | 湖南省农友机械集团有限公司 | A kind of dryer |
| CN108489221A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-09-04 | 湖南农业大学 | A kind of cereal dries drying system and its furnace drying method |
| CN109115772B (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2020-07-07 | 中国农业大学 | Machine vision online detection system and method for hot air dryer under temperature and humidity process control |
| CN109458833A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-12 | 张家港市沃尔特精密机械有限公司 | A kind of energy-efficient dehumidifying heat pump |
| CN110479582B (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2022-02-18 | 宁波双鹿新能源科技有限公司 | Battery zinc powder screening weight on-line control equipment |
| CN114322520A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-04-12 | 蓝山永佳建筑材料有限公司 | Energy-saving building material drying device |
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| CN201653102U (en) * | 2010-05-12 | 2010-11-24 | 郑州市飞航真空干燥技术有限公司 | Heat pump tower type continuous drying device |
| CN204811761U (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-12-02 | 天津科技大学 | Open multistage heat pump drying equipment of closed circulation |
| CN205690867U (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-11-16 | 南安贤达机械有限公司 | A kind of convenient Oryza sativa L. drying unit |
| CN106172742A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-07 | 合肥三伍机械有限公司 | A kind of drying machine that can automatically adjust hot blast parameter |
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| CN106871577A (en) * | 2017-01-18 | 2017-06-20 | 江苏麦克威微波技术有限公司 | A kind of microwave material drying device and microwave material drying means |
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2017
- 2017-08-08 CN CN201710670696.2A patent/CN107449265A/en not_active Withdrawn
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201653102U (en) * | 2010-05-12 | 2010-11-24 | 郑州市飞航真空干燥技术有限公司 | Heat pump tower type continuous drying device |
| CN204811761U (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-12-02 | 天津科技大学 | Open multistage heat pump drying equipment of closed circulation |
| CN106839732A (en) * | 2015-12-06 | 2017-06-13 | 重庆市涪陵区齐艺舟生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of grain drying device |
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| CN107449265A (en) | 2017-12-08 |
| CN109387063A (en) | 2019-02-26 |
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Denomination of invention: Agricultural drying machine and its automatic control method Effective date of registration: 20210819 Granted publication date: 20200501 Pledgee: Wuhu Sanshan sub branch of Huishang Bank Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: ANHUI SUNMIRO AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2021980007954 |