CN109380188B - Manual slide rail type benthos screening and filtering device and using method thereof - Google Patents
Manual slide rail type benthos screening and filtering device and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109380188B CN109380188B CN201811233216.7A CN201811233216A CN109380188B CN 109380188 B CN109380188 B CN 109380188B CN 201811233216 A CN201811233216 A CN 201811233216A CN 109380188 B CN109380188 B CN 109380188B
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- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012472 biological sample Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008098 formaldehyde solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000238557 Decapoda Species 0.000 description 8
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 5
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000242757 Anthozoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014653 Carica parviflora Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000239250 Copepoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238424 Crustacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000237891 Haliotidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010020112 Hirsutism Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000244206 Nematoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000927735 Penaeus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000243142 Porifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000592344 Spermatophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001651 autotrophic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000062645 predators Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K80/00—Harvesting oysters, mussels, sponges or the like
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
A manual slide rail type benthos screening and filtering device and a using method thereof belong to the field of marine benthos sampling devices, and the screening and filtering device comprises a screen cover, a sediment screen frame, a screen frame handle, a splash-proof cover curtain, a screen frame bracket, a ball type damping slide rail and an anti-collision rubber block; the sediment screen frame comprises four side surfaces and a bottom, wherein the side surfaces are made of waterproof and mud-proof plate-shaped materials; the bottom is in a grid shape; the screen cover is arranged on the sediment screen frame and covers the sediment screen frame; heavy ball damping slide rails are fixedly arranged on two sides of the bottom of the sediment screen frame; heavy ball damping slide rails are correspondingly arranged on two sides of the net frame bracket and matched with the heavy ball damping slide rails on two sides of the bottom of the sediment net frame; the anti-collision rubber block is arranged on the left side of the net frame bracket; the splash-proof cover curtain is fixedly arranged at the lower side of the right side surface of the sediment screen frame; the screen frame handle is fixedly arranged on the right side surface of the deposit screen frame. The device can screen benthonic organisms, is simple and convenient to use, and greatly improves the working efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of marine benthos sampling devices, and particularly relates to a manual slide rail type benthos screening and filtering device and a using method thereof.
Background
Marine benthos refers to organisms that reside on the surface of marine substrates or in sediments. The organisms live from the intertidal zone to the ocean ultra-deep-well zone (deep-sea ditch bottom) with the depth of more than ten thousand meters, are one of the most varied ecological types of marine organisms, and comprise most marine zoophyla, large-scale seaweed and marine seed plants. The marine benthos has various species, wherein the number of benthos is small, and the benthos has various species and structures. According to biological attributes, the marine benthic plants and marine benthic animals can be divided; according to the nutritional type, the marine benthos can be divided into autotrophic marine benthos and heterotrophic marine benthos. Marine benthos are classified into 3 types according to the size of body form: 1) large benthos, with a length (diameter) greater than 1mm, such as sponges, corals, shrimps, crabs, and hairy species; 2) the small benthos has the body length (diameter) of 0.5-1 mm and mainly comprises marine nematodes, marine crustacean fleas, mesogens, kisses and the like; 3) the diameter of the micro benthos is less than 0.5mm, and the micro benthos mainly comprises marine protozoa and bacteria. In marine ecosystems, benthos are in different levels of nutrition, respectively. Benthic plants are producers, at the first stage of the food chain. Some of the phytophagous benthonic animals (such as algal shrimps and abalones) feed on macroalgae; some (e.g., bivalves, penaeus, copepods, etc.) feed on phytoplankton or organic debris, which is at a second level in the food chain. Many carnivorous benthic species (e.g., snails and many shrimps, crabs) feed on phytophagous zooplankton and benthic animals, and are the third level of the food chain. Some benthonic animals are objects for human consumption (e.g., commercial shrimp, crab, shellfish, and some benthonic fish); some species (e.g., small shrimps, crabs, shellfish, hairiness) are predators of fish and other animals. Therefore, the method for clarifying the quantity change rule of benthos and the relation between the benthos and the productivity and resources of marine organisms has important significance for the development of aquatic production.
The benthic organism community is investigated by the shallow water direct observation counting method (shallow water), mud sampler/box sampler, bottom trawl and sampling frame method (intertidal zone). Wherein the benthic organism survey of marine shallow sea sediments comprises: the area of mud collected at each station is not less than 0.2m2The organisms, including the biological residues, after the mud-like elutriation are collected completely. The sampling instrument comprises a grab bucket mud sampler, a spring mud sampler, a box mud sampler, a columnar mud sampler and the like. The device is a special device for elutriating mud samples and sorting samples, which consists of a barrel, a vortex generator, a flow divider, a bracket and a residue collecting tray, and consists of three layers of sieves with different apertures and the bracket, wherein the aperture of an upper layer sieve is 2-5 mm, the aperture of a middle layer sieve is 1mm, and the aperture of a lower layer sieve is 0.5mm, and the device must be matched with the vortex sorting device for use. The device is relatively complicated to operate during the voyage survey, and is not easy to operate under the condition of poor sea condition or large wind waves. Therefore, it is necessary to design a simple large-scale benthos screening device to make benthos sampling more convenient and faster.
The damping slide rail is one of slide rails, and means that a sound attenuation and buffering effect which utilizes the buffering performance of liquid and has an ideal buffering effect is provided. The buffer device comprises a fixed rail, a middle rail, a movable rail, a ball, a clutch and a buffer, wherein the buffer is arranged in the fixed rail; the buffer comprises a piston rod, a shell and a piston, wherein the piston is provided with a through hole and a hole, and when the piston rod drives the piston to move, liquid can flow to the other side from one side through the through hole, so that the buffer plays a role in buffering and damping. Damping slide rails are of various types, such as steel ball damping slide rails, hidden damping slide rails, riding damping slide rails and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a manual slide rail type benthos screening device and a using method thereof, wherein the device is used for adding water into benthos in a sediment net frame from a water injection hole at a net cover for screening, and simultaneously, a handle is used for pushing and pulling the sediment net frame back and forth, and the sediments in the sediment net frame are dispersed and escape outwards from a net under the assistance of a heavy ball damping slide rail, so that the purpose of screening and filtering the benthos is achieved, the use is simple and convenient, and the working efficiency is greatly improved.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a manual slide rail type benthos screening and filtering device comprises a screen cover, a sediment screen frame, a screen frame handle, a splash-proof cover curtain, a screen frame bracket, a ball type damping slide rail and an anti-collision rubber block;
the sediment screen frame comprises four side surfaces and a bottom, wherein the side surfaces are made of waterproof and mud-proof plate-shaped materials; the bottom is in a grid shape; the screen cover is arranged on the screen frame and covers the screen frame;
further, four sides are made by high strength polyethylene material, and the bottom is the wire net of 0.5mm aperture, and the specification of this deposit net frame is: the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the height multiplied by 40cm and used for containing sediment and screening benthonic organisms;
further, the screen cover is a bolting silk screen with the aperture of 0.5mm, and the specification is as follows: the length and the width are 40cm multiplied by 40cm, the net cover is provided with water injection holes, the aperture is 10cm, and benthos are prevented from overflowing;
heavy ball damping slide rails are fixedly arranged on two sides of the bottom of the sediment screen frame; heavy ball damping slide rails are correspondingly arranged on two sides of the net frame bracket and matched with the heavy ball damping slide rails on two sides of the bottom of the sediment net frame;
further, the screen frame bracket is made of stainless steel material; the specification of the net frame support is as follows: the length is multiplied by the width by the height, which is 50cm multiplied by 45cm multiplied by 15cm, and the whole device is supported and fixed.
The anticollision block rubber is made for rubber materials, and the block rubber is installed in the left side of net frame support, and its specification is: the length multiplied by the height multiplied by the thickness is 45cm multiplied by 10cm multiplied by 5cm, so that derailment in the sliding process of the deposit screen frame is prevented; the splash-proof cover curtain is fixedly arranged on the lower side of the right side face of the deposit net frame, and the net frame handle is fixedly arranged on the right side face of the deposit net frame.
Further, the screen frame handle is made of stainless steel materials, and the specification is as follows: the length multiplied by the thickness multiplied by the height multiplied by 15cm multiplied by 2cm multiplied by 10cm, which is convenient for the sliding of the deposit net frame.
Further, the splashproof apron is made by thickening canvas material, and the specification is: the length multiplied by the width is 40cm multiplied by 15cm, so that the muddy water mixture is prevented from splashing to an operator in the screening process;
the invention also provides a using method of the device
The collected seabed sediment is transferred to a sediment net frame, a net cover is covered, benthic organisms in the sediment net frame are added with water and screened and filtered through a water injection hole at the net cover, meanwhile, a net frame handle is used for pushing and pulling the sediment net frame back and forth, the sediment in the sediment net frame is dispersed and escapes from a bottom grid outwards under the assistance of a heavy ball damping slide rail, after the sediment in the sediment net frame is completely screened out, water injection into the water injection hole above the net cover is stopped, all biological samples including biological residues in the sediment net frame are collected and transferred to a benthic organism storage vessel, and formaldehyde solution is added for fixation, so that the screening and sampling work of the station benthic organisms is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention designs a simple large benthos screening device, which is simple and convenient to operate, can overcome the difficulties of poor sea conditions or large wind waves and the like in the sampling process, and enables benthos sampling to be more convenient and faster.
2. The invention utilizes the heavy ball damping slide rail technology, increases the smoothness and the durability of the whole screening device, and the device can be operated by one person, thereby saving the labor cost.
3. The rubber anti-collision block is arranged on the net frame support, so that the sediment sample frame is prevented from derailing when filtering benthonic organisms; the lower side of the sediment screen frame is provided with a splash cover curtain to prevent mud-water mixture from splashing outside in the screening process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the apparatus of the present invention: 1. the device comprises a net cover, a sediment net frame, a net frame handle, a splash-proof cover curtain, a net frame support, a ball type damping slide rail, a collision-proof rubber block, a water injection hole and a ball type damping slide rail, wherein the net cover is 2, the sediment net frame is 3, the net frame handle is 4, the splash-proof cover curtain is 5, the net frame support is 6, and the ball type damping.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following embodiments with reference to the attached drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited in any way by the embodiments.
Example 1
A manual slide rail type benthos screening and filtering device is shown in figure 1 and comprises a net cover 1, a sediment net frame 2, a net frame handle 3, a splash-proof cover curtain 4, a net frame bracket 5, a ball type damping slide rail 6 and an anti-collision rubber block 7;
four sides of the sediment net frame are made of high-strength polyethylene materials, the bottom of the sediment net frame is a steel wire mesh with the aperture of 0.5mm, and the sediment net frame is characterized in that: the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the height multiplied by 40cm and used for containing sediment and screening benthonic organisms;
the screen cover is a bolting silk screen with the aperture of 0.5mm, and the specification is as follows: the length and the width are 40cm multiplied by 40cm, the net cover is provided with water injection holes 8, the aperture is 10cm, and benthos are prevented from overflowing;
heavy ball damping slide rails are fixedly arranged on two sides of the bottom of the sediment screen frame; the rail is a heavy thickened 3-section silent sliding rail and three-section rail slideway; the damping slide rail is made of high-strength stainless steel materials, and the specification is as follows: the track width × track thickness × track length is 45.8mm × 12.7mm × 400 mm.
The screen frame support is made of stainless steel materials, and heavy ball damping slide rails are correspondingly arranged on two sides of the screen frame support and matched with the heavy ball damping slide rails on two sides of the bottom of the sediment screen frame; the specification of the net frame support is as follows: the length is multiplied by the width by the height, which is 50cm multiplied by 45cm multiplied by 15cm, and the whole device is supported and fixed.
The anticollision block rubber is made for rubber materials, and the block rubber is installed in the left side of net frame support, and its specification is: the length multiplied by the height multiplied by the thickness is 45cm multiplied by 10cm multiplied by 5cm, and the derailment of the sediment screen frame in the sliding process is prevented.
The right flank at deposit screen frame is fixed in the installation of screen frame handle, is made by stainless steel material, and the specification is: the length multiplied by the thickness multiplied by the height multiplied by 15cm multiplied by 2cm multiplied by 10cm, which is convenient for the sliding of the deposit net frame.
The downside at deposit net frame right flank is fixed in the installation of splashproof apron curtain, is made by the thickening canvas material, and the specification is: the length multiplied by the width is 40cm multiplied by 15cm, so that the muddy water mixture is prevented from splashing to operators in the screening process.
According to sampling requirements, after the seabed sediments are taken from the seabed to a ship deck through a spring mud sampler, the sediments are transferred to a sediment net frame, a net cover is covered, water is added to benthos in the sediments through a water injection hole at the net cover for screening, meanwhile, a handle is used for pushing and pulling the sediment net frame back and forth, the sediments in the sediment net frame are dispersed and escape outwards from a net under the assistance of a damping slide rail, after the sediments in the sediment net frame are completely screened, water injection to the water injection hole above the net cover is stopped, all biological samples including biological residues are collected and transferred to a benthos storage vessel, formaldehyde solution is added for fixation, and therefore the screening and sampling work of the benthos at the station position is completed.
Claims (6)
1. A manual slide rail type benthos screening and filtering device is characterized by comprising a screen cover, a sediment screen frame, a screen frame handle, a splash-proof cover curtain, a screen frame bracket, a ball type damping slide rail and an anti-collision rubber block;
the sediment screen frame comprises four side surfaces and a bottom, wherein the side surfaces are made of waterproof and mud-proof plate-shaped materials; the bottom is in a grid shape; the screen cover is arranged on the sediment screen frame and covers the sediment screen frame;
heavy ball damping slide rails are fixedly arranged on two sides of the bottom of the sediment screen frame; heavy ball damping slide rails are correspondingly arranged on two sides of the net frame bracket and matched with the heavy ball damping slide rails on two sides of the bottom of the sediment net frame;
the anti-collision rubber block is made of rubber materials and is arranged on the left side of the net frame support; the splash-proof cover curtain is fixedly arranged at the lower side of the right side surface of the sediment screen frame; the screen frame handle is fixedly arranged on the right side surface of the sediment screen frame;
four sides of the sediment net frame are made of high-strength polyethylene materials, the bottom of the sediment net frame is a steel wire mesh with the aperture of 0.5mm, and the sediment net frame is characterized in that: length × width × height =40cm × 40cm × 40cm, and is used for holding sediment and for screening benthic organisms.
2. The manual slide rail type benthos screening and filtering device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the screen cover is a 0.5mm aperture bolting silk screen with the specification: the length multiplied by the width =40cm multiplied by 40cm, the net cover is provided with water injection holes, and the hole diameter is 10 cm.
3. The manual slide rail type benthic organism screening apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the frame support is made of stainless steel material; the specification of the net frame support is as follows: length × width × height =50cm × 45cm × 15 cm.
4. The manual slide rail type benthos screening device of claim 1, wherein the net frame handle is made of stainless steel material and has the specification: length × thickness × height =15cm × 2cm × 10 cm.
5. A manual slide rail type benthos screening apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said splash cover curtain is made of a thickened canvas material having a specification of: length × width =40cm × 15 cm.
6. A method of using a screening device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the method comprises the following steps: the collected seabed sediment is transferred to a sediment net frame, a net cover is covered, benthic organisms in the sediment net frame are added with water and screened and filtered through a water injection hole at the net cover, meanwhile, a net frame handle is used for pushing and pulling the sediment net frame back and forth, the sediment in the sediment net frame is dispersed and escapes from a bottom grid outwards under the assistance of a heavy ball damping slide rail, after the sediment in the sediment net frame is completely screened out, water injection into the water injection hole above the net cover is stopped, all biological samples including biological residues in the sediment net frame are collected and transferred to a benthic organism storage vessel, and formaldehyde solution is added for fixation, so that the screening and sampling work of the station benthic organisms is completed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811233216.7A CN109380188B (en) | 2018-10-23 | 2018-10-23 | Manual slide rail type benthos screening and filtering device and using method thereof |
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| CN201811233216.7A CN109380188B (en) | 2018-10-23 | 2018-10-23 | Manual slide rail type benthos screening and filtering device and using method thereof |
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| CN109380188B true CN109380188B (en) | 2020-12-22 |
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| CN114304092B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-03-31 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Intelligent visual capturing pressure maintaining device for sampling deep-sea benthos |
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| SU1433442A1 (en) * | 1987-03-23 | 1988-10-30 | В.Г.Крючков и Ю.В.Кузнецов | Arrangement for bottom growing of mollusks |
| WO2007148209A1 (en) * | 2006-06-22 | 2007-12-27 | Power Robert M | Commercial post larval collector habitat |
| CN206251770U (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-06-16 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | For gathering benthic harvester |
| CN207456910U (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-06-05 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of bed mud cleaning device |
| CN207798452U (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-08-31 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | A kind of high efficiency Bentonic organism collector being suitable for deep river |
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