CN109375501A - A method of it is opened and closed according to tunnel inner air and outer air quality control piston air-valve - Google Patents
A method of it is opened and closed according to tunnel inner air and outer air quality control piston air-valve Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 58
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- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B11/00—Automatic controllers
- G05B11/01—Automatic controllers electric
- G05B11/36—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential
- G05B11/42—Automatic controllers electric with provision for obtaining particular characteristics, e.g. proportional, integral, differential for obtaining a characteristic which is both proportional and time-dependent, e.g. P. I., P. I. D.
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- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/003—Ventilation of traffic tunnels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/14—Air partitions; Air locks
- E21F1/145—Air locks
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of method being opened and closed according to tunnel inner air and outer air quality control piston air-valve, comprising the following steps: step S1: determining the response condition of regulation；Step S2: the PM value in monitoring tunnel and outside tunnel judges whether to meet response condition；It is such as unsatisfactory for response condition, piston air-valve is open state, repeats step S2；Such as meet response condition, enters step S3；Step S3: the regulation duration is calculated；Step S4: closure piston air-valve, when closing a length of regulation duration；Step S5: the regulation duration terminates, return step S2.In this application, (1) completely cuts off the air environment inside and outside tunnel by closure piston air-valve, when especially winter haze is serious, haze outside tunnel can be prevented to enter in tunnel and platform, air environment in tunnel is influenced, be unfavorable for human health.(2) it is suitable for the subway system of various structures and form, can voluntarily adds correction factor according to the actual situation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to air environment control technique fields more particularly to a kind of living according to tunnel inner air and outer air quality control
Fill in the method for air-valve opening and closing.
Background technique
When studying air quality in subway tunnel, the characteristics of relatively closing due to subway tunnel structure, pollutants in air
It is easily accumulated in running tunnel under Piston Action Wind valve action, this some of the contaminants includes PM10, PM2.5, formaldehyde, benzene homologues, virtue
Fragrant hydrocarbon etc..In many scholars research, it is found that the pollutant in section is platform air pollutants main source, it is always dirty to account for platform
Contaminate the 30% of object source.Running tunnel gas pollutant source is according to research shows that be mainly derived from two parts, a part of source
In tunnel external environment, major pollutants type is PM2.5, benzene homologues, aromatic hydrocarbon etc., is fluctuated with tunnel external environment quality；It is another
Part is mainly derived from train operation, mainly includes some metal particulates.Wherein, train travelling process generates pollutant with logical
Cross the measures such as electrostatic precipitation, anion fine-purification, the aspiration of negative pressure solution.It is generally acknowledged that air quality is better than running tunnel outside tunnel
Interior air quality, but as haze sky in recent years occurs again and again, air quality might not be better than running tunnel air outside tunnel
High pollution air outside tunnel can be introduced in running tunnel if piston air-valve still uses as usual at this time, pollute subway by quality
Tunnel internal air environment.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to provide a kind of method being opened and closed according to tunnel inner air and outer air quality control piston air-valve,
Structure is simple, effectively completely cuts off pollutant outside tunnel and enters in tunnel.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention propose it is a kind of according to tunnel inner air and outer air quality control piston air-valve opening and closing
Method, comprising the following steps:
Step S1: the response condition of regulation is determined；
Step S2: the PM value in monitoring tunnel and outside tunnel judges whether to meet the response condition；
It is such as unsatisfactory for the response condition, piston air-valve is open state, repeats step S2；
Such as meet the response condition, enters step S3；
Step S3: the regulation duration is calculated；
Step S4: closing the piston air-valve, when closing a length of regulation duration；
Step S5: the regulation duration terminates, return step S2.
Further, in the method according to the opening and closing of tunnel inner air and outer air quality control piston air-valve, step S1
In, the response condition is the pollutant in pollutant concentration-tunnel outside tunnel when continuing to monitor time > setting monitoring time
Concentration > sets pollutant concentration, the mathematic(al) representation of the response condition are as follows: e (t)=PMo (t)-PMn (t) > setting pollution
Object concentration, and △ t > 3 (k+1) min；
E (t) is the pollutant concentration difference outside tunnel and in tunnel；PMo (t) is pollutant concentration outside tunnel, PMn (t)
For pollutant concentration in tunnel；T is to continue to monitor the time, and k is pollutant disturbance fluctuation duration.
Further, described to set in the method according to the opening and closing of tunnel inner air and outer air quality control piston air-valve
Determining PM monitor value is PM2.5, and the pollutant concentration that sets is 40 μ g/m3。
Further, in the method according to the opening and closing of tunnel inner air and outer air quality control piston air-valve, k 5.
Further, in the method according to the opening and closing of tunnel inner air and outer air quality control piston air-valve, step S2
In, the regulation duration is obtained by the differential control item, integration control item and first order read group total of PID control function
, the mathematic(al) representation of the differential control item isThe mathematic(al) representation of the integration control item is
Ett is with pollutant concentration difference in tunnel outside tunnel in cycle time TdInterior prediction variable quantity, TdFor differential control
Item calculating cycle time processed, de (t) are variable quantity of the e (t) in dt transformation period, and de (t) and dt ratio is to the micro- of e (t)
Divide derivation；
△ et is with static difference of the pollutant concentration difference in cycle time T in tunnel outside tunnel, and T is integration control item meter
Cycle time is calculated, dt is time variation amount.
Further, in the method according to the opening and closing of tunnel inner air and outer air quality control piston air-valve, the tune
Control the duration mathematic(al) representation be
U (t) is the knots modification also needed outside regulation tunnel with pollutant concentration difference PM value in tunnel, and Kp is proportionality coefficient.
Further, in the method according to the opening and closing of tunnel inner air and outer air quality control piston air-valve, TdIt is 5, T
For 5, Kp 1.1.
Further, in the method according to the opening and closing of tunnel inner air and outer air quality control piston air-valve, in tunnel
When for peak state, the calculating of e (t) need to be modified, the correction formula of e (t) when peak are as follows:The peak e (t) is substituted into the calculation formula of the regulation duration, Gcar is amendment system
Number.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects are mainly reflected as follows: (1) by closure piston air-valve completely cut off tunnel
Inside and outside air environment when especially winter haze is serious, can prevent haze outside tunnel from entering in tunnel and platform, influence tunnel
Air environment in road, is unfavorable for human health.(2) it is suitable for the subway system of various structures and form, it can be according to the actual situation
Voluntarily add correction factor, such as driving method, the habit by bus of different regions people, the equipment of different trains of different trains
Equal correction factors.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is in the present invention according to the flow diagram of the method for tunnel inner air and outer air quality control piston air-valve opening and closing；
Fig. 2 is the tables of data of the PM2.5 monitor value after stroke valve of the present invention is closed in tunnel and outside tunnel；
Fig. 3 is the tables of data of Shanghai World Park winter PM2.5 in 2018 monitor value.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with schematic diagram to the method for the invention being opened and closed according to tunnel inner air and outer air quality control piston air-valve
It is described in more detail, which show the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be appreciated that those skilled in the art can modify
Invention described herein, and still realize advantageous effects of the invention.Therefore, following description should be understood as ability
Field technique personnel's is widely known, and is not intended as limitation of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that " transverse direction ", " vertical if any term " center " for the noun of locality
To ", " length ", " width ", " thickness ", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top",
The indicating positions such as "bottom", "inner", "outside", " clockwise ", " counterclockwise " and positional relationship are orientation based on the figure or position
Relationship is set, the narration present invention is merely for convenience of and simplifies description, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning are necessary
It constructs and operates with specific orientation, with particular orientation, should not be understood as limiting specific protection scope of the invention.
In the present invention, except as otherwise clear stipulaties and restriction, should make if any term " assembling ", " connected ", " connection " term
Broad sense goes to understand, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected；It is also possible to mechanical connect
It connects；It can be directly connected, be also possible to be connected by intermediary, can be and be connected inside two elements.For ability
For the those of ordinary skill of domain, the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention can be understood as the case may be.
The present invention is more specifically described by way of example referring to attached drawing in the following passage.According to following explanation, the present invention
The advantages of and feature will become apparent from.It should be noted that attached drawing is all made of very simplified form and uses non-accurate ratio,
Only for the purpose of facilitating and clarifying the purpose of the embodiments of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention proposes a kind of method being opened and closed according to tunnel inner air and outer air quality control piston air-valve, packet
Include following steps:
Step S1: the response condition of regulation is determined；
Response condition is to pollute in pollutant concentration-tunnel outside tunnel when continuing to monitor time > setting monitoring time
Object concentration > sets pollutant concentration, the mathematic(al) representation of response condition are as follows: e (t)=PMo (t)-PMn (t) > sets pollutant
Concentration, and △ t > 3 (k+1) min；
E (t) is the pollutant concentration difference outside tunnel and in tunnel；PMo (t) is pollutant concentration outside tunnel, PMn (t)
For pollutant concentration in tunnel；T is to continue to monitor the time, and k is pollutant disturbance fluctuation duration.
Step S2: the PM value in monitoring tunnel and outside tunnel judges whether to meet response condition；
It is such as unsatisfactory for response condition, piston air-valve is open state, repeats step S2；
Such as meet response condition, enters step S3.
Step S3: the regulation duration is calculated；
The regulation duration is obtained by the differential control item, integration control item and first order read group total of PID control function
, i.e., when outside monitoring time inner tunnel with PM2.5 difference e (t) in tunnel, prediction variable quantity ett (differential control item) and static difference
△ et's (integration control item) and be 0 when, can calculate and continue to monitor time t.
The mathematic(al) representation of differential control item isThe mathematic(al) representation of integration control item isRegulation the duration mathematic(al) representation be
Ett is with pollutant concentration difference in tunnel outside tunnel in cycle time TdInterior prediction variable quantity is outside tunnel
With the product of the change rate of pollutant concentration difference and time in tunnel；TdFor the differential control item calculating cycle time；De (t) is
Variable quantity of the e (t) in dt transformation period, de (t) and dt ratio are the differential derivation to e (t).
△ et is that tunnel is outer with static difference of the pollutant concentration difference in cycle time T in tunnel, be with tunnel outside and tunnel
The variable quantity e (t) of pollutant concentration difference is the integral of function in road；T is the integration control item calculating cycle time；Dt is the time
Variable quantity.
U (t) is the knots modification also needed outside regulation tunnel with pollutant concentration difference PM value in tunnel, and Kp is proportionality coefficient.
When e (t) change rate is 0, differential control item ett is 0, but pollutant concentration difference PM value in outside tunnel and tunnel
There are still static difference, which is eliminated by integration control item.And when u (t) is 0, then it does not need, Piston Action Wind can be opened
Valve.
Step S4: closure piston air-valve, when closing a length of regulation duration.
Step S5: the regulation duration terminates, return step S2.
Further, in the present embodiment, PM monitor value is set as PM2.5, sets pollutant concentration as 40 μ g/m3.Tunnel
PM2.5 level of pollution is divided into good (35-75 μ g/m outside road3), slight pollution (75-115 μ g/m3), intermediate pollution (115-150 μ g/
m3), serious pollution (150-250 μ g/m3).Subway sectional tunnel PM2.5 level of pollution is generally good, preferably more than intermediate pollution
To set pollutant concentration.Meanwhile according to different situations on the spot, other detectable air pollutants also can be used as prison
Measured value, such as formaldehyde, benzene homologues, aromatic hydrocarbon, and pollutant concentration can also choose suitable level of pollution according to different demands.
Meanwhile because the interval time of prison chronometric data acquisition is 1 minute, the disturbance fluctuation duration of common contaminant is less than
5 minutes, the engineering experience formula of basic demand sample size was n >=3 (k+1), when k is 5, n >=18, that is, set monitoring time as
18min or more.In the present embodiment, taking n is 18, i.e. △ t > 18min.
To sum up, the PM value in tunnel and outside tunnel is monitored, when PM2.5 pollutes in PM2.5 pollutant concentration-tunnel outside tunnel
40 μ g/m of object concentration >3, then exclusion accidentally response time is set, sets monitoring time as 18min.Data monitoring equipment takes per minute
One group of data of record, that is, obtain 18 groups of data in 18 minutes, and specific tables of data is as shown in Figure 2.
Tables of data according to Fig.2, carries out the calculating of PID control function, is held with obtaining the regulation of closure piston air-valve
The continuous time.
In the calculating of PID control function, the differential control item of PID control function illustrates the calculating week in a PID
In phase, from moment t to moment t+TdControl parameter tunnel outside with tunnel in pollutant concentration difference PM2.5 variable quantity, directly
To control parameter variable be 0 when, differential control terminate.Differential control item calculating cycle time TdIt is the frequency acquisition according to data
Setting, due to that can take 5 groups of above data in each cycle, and the smaller calculated result of value is more accurate, i.e. TdTake 5.Even if differential
Control item has been 0, but there are still static differences for target value and monitor value, to eliminate this part static difference, is suitble to that integration control item is added.
I.e. when integration control item is also 0, then regulating and controlling the duration terminates.
Regulating and controlling duration u (t) is t moment, and the amount to be regulated and controled of remaining difference e (t) is substituted into and obtained according to monitoring data
The regulation duration for needing closure piston air-valve, Proportional coefficient K p response regulatory week can be calculated in pollutant concentration difference e (t)
In time phase, the variation speed of pollutant concentration difference inside and outside tunnel is related to pollutant generation speed in tunnel, is approximately equal to
The increment of pollutant concentration in unit period inner tunnel.Monitoring data according to Fig.2, when air-valve is closed, each train
Process of passing through tunnel, pollutant concentration variable quantity is 0.5 μ g/m in tunnel3, i.e. de (t)=- 0.5, and e (t) ≈ -0.5 × t+
45.7 TdTake 5min, T that 5min, Kp is taken to take 1.1, each cycle time all can according to outside the period inner tunnel with pollutant in tunnel
A regulation duration for needing closure piston air-valve is calculated in concentration difference variation function e (t), can be in terms of each cycle update
A new duration is calculated, the regulation duration is modified, the example at this, which simplifies, only does period first time calculating knot
Fruit.And in different application place, Kp value can also be reset according to the actual situation, generally according to PID design principle Kp value
1.1。
That is the μ of u (t)=0 g/m3When, i.e. e (t), e (t) differential control item (derivation is with negative sign) and e (t) integration control
And be 0, can calculate and continue to monitor time t, the μ of u (t)=0 g/m3Indicate that pollutant concentration is identical inside and outside tunnel, it should terminate
Piston air-valve is opened in regulation.The regulation duration calculation formula of monitoring data and PID control function according to Fig.2, is asked
Solution obtains the closing duration △ t ≈ 4h of Piston Action Wind valve.That is the piston air-valve at this time monitoring station, which closes duration, should be 4h, by
Pollutant concentration difference after 4h inside and outside tunnel is smaller, and the meaning of polluted gas is not isolated.For newly-built station and equipment
Newer subway line, because pollutant occurrence quantity is lower in its tunnel, the shut-in time of piston air-valve opposite can extend.
Further, in the present embodiment, the actual conditions in tunnel are divided into peak state and non-peak state, work as tunnel
It is interior be non-peak state when, pollutant concentration difference e (t) and regulation duration u (t) calculating according to calculation formula above
It calculates；When in tunnel being peak state, the calculating of pollutant concentration difference e (t) need to be modified, the amendment of e (t) when peak
Formula are as follows:The peak e (t) is substituted into the calculation formula of regulation duration, correction factor
Gcar is configured according to different operating conditions.
According to actual monitoring data it is found that subway sectional tunnel PM2.5 value is generally 70 hereinafter, belong to good level.Such as
Shown in Fig. 3, from December, 17 to 2 months 18 years, there are 25 days air environment PM values to belong to moderate or more and pollute.And it still opens at this time
Piston air-valve can then make pollution air outside tunnel enter tunnel pollution tunnel air environment, or even pollution air enters platform harm
Passenger's health.
In addition, the acquisition data means obtained in tunnel with PM value outside tunnel are not limited by equipment monitoring, can also pass through
Other methods obtain PM value dynamic data, such as on the net or history data collection library, can reduce the investment of monitoring device, reduction at
This.
To sum up, in the present embodiment, the method for proposition being opened and closed according to tunnel inner air and outer air quality control piston air-valve,
(1) air environment inside and outside tunnel is completely cut off by closure piston air-valve, when especially winter haze is serious, mist outside tunnel can be prevented
Haze enters in tunnel and platform, influences air environment in tunnel, is unfavorable for human health.(2) it is suitable for various structures and shape
The subway system of formula can voluntarily add correction factor, such as driving method, people from different regions of different trains according to the actual situation
Habit by bus, the correction factors such as the equipment of different train.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, does not play the role of any restrictions to the present invention.Belonging to any
Those skilled in the art, in the range of not departing from technical solution of the present invention, to the invention discloses technical solution and
Technology contents make the variation such as any type of equivalent replacement or modification, belong to the content without departing from technical solution of the present invention, still
Within belonging to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method being opened and closed according to tunnel inner air and outer air quality control piston air-valve, which comprises the following steps:
Step S1: the response condition of regulation is determined；
Step S2: the PM value in monitoring tunnel and outside tunnel judges whether to meet the response condition；
It is such as unsatisfactory for the response condition, piston air-valve is open state, repeats step S2；
Such as meet the response condition, enters step S3；
Step S3: the regulation duration is calculated；
Step S4: closing the piston air-valve, when closing a length of regulation duration；
Step S5: the regulation duration terminates, return step S2.
2. the method according to claim 1 being opened and closed according to tunnel inner air and outer air quality control piston air-valve, feature exist
In in step S1, the response condition is pollutant concentration-tunnel outside tunnel when continuing to monitor time > setting monitoring time
Pollutant concentration > sets pollutant concentration, the mathematic(al) representation of the response condition are as follows: e (t)=PMo (t)-PMn (t) in road
> sets pollutant concentration, and △ t > 3 (k+1) min；
E (t) is the pollutant concentration difference outside tunnel and in tunnel；PMo (t) is pollutant concentration outside tunnel, and PMn (t) is tunnel
Pollutant concentration in road；△ t is to continue to monitor the time, and k is pollutant disturbance fluctuation duration.
3. the method according to claim 2 being opened and closed according to tunnel inner air and outer air quality control piston air-valve, feature exist
In the PM monitor value that sets is PM2.5, and the pollutant concentration that sets is 40 μ g/m3。
4. the method according to claim 3 being opened and closed according to tunnel inner air and outer air quality control piston air-valve, feature exist
In k 5.
5. the method according to claim 1 being opened and closed according to tunnel inner air and outer air quality control piston air-valve, feature exist
In in step S2, the regulation duration is asked by the differential control item, integration control item and first order of PID control function
It is obtained with calculating, the mathematic(al) representation of the differential control item isThe mathematical expression of the integration control item
Formula is
Ett is with prediction variable quantity of the pollutant concentration difference in cycle time Td in tunnel outside tunnel, and Td is differential control
Item calculating cycle time, de (t) are variable quantity of the e (t) in dt transformation period, and de (t) and dt ratio are the differential to e (t)
Derivation；
△ et is with static difference of the pollutant concentration difference in cycle time T in tunnel outside tunnel, and T is that integration control item calculates week
Time phase, dt are time variation amount.
6. the method according to claim 5 being opened and closed according to tunnel inner air and outer air quality control piston air-valve, feature exist
In the mathematic(al) representation of the regulation duration is
U (t) is the knots modification also needed outside regulation tunnel with pollutant concentration difference PM value in tunnel, and Kp is proportionality coefficient.
7. the method according to claim 6 being opened and closed according to tunnel inner air and outer air quality control piston air-valve, feature exist
In TdFor 5, T 5, Kp 1.1.
8. the method according to claim 6 being opened and closed according to tunnel inner air and outer air quality control piston air-valve, feature exist
In when being peak state in tunnel, the calculating of e (t) need to be modified, the correction formula of e (t) when peak are as follows:The peak e (t) is substituted into the calculation formula of the regulation duration, Gcar is amendment system
Number.
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