CN109375270B - Ground monitoring system and method for butt joint of communication well - Google Patents
Ground monitoring system and method for butt joint of communication well Download PDFInfo
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- CN109375270B CN109375270B CN201811363816.5A CN201811363816A CN109375270B CN 109375270 B CN109375270 B CN 109375270B CN 201811363816 A CN201811363816 A CN 201811363816A CN 109375270 B CN109375270 B CN 109375270B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/40—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
- G01V1/52—Structural details
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of drilling, and particularly relates to a ground monitoring system and method for butt joint of communication wells. A ground monitoring system and method for the butt joint of a communication well comprises the following steps: 1) Signals acquired by the ground sensor arrays form three time offset curves; 2) Drawing three time offset curves in the same graph; drilling the drill bit in the direction of the butt joint well at first, judging whether the drilling direction of the drill bit is opposite to the direction of the butt joint well according to whether the time offset curves of the first ground sensor array and the third ground sensor array are coincident or not, and adjusting; 3) And judging the butt joint distance of the drill bit. The operation of the monitoring system is independent of the existing drilling operation flow, the normal drilling construction process is not required to be changed, the butt joint process is directly judged according to the monitored bit vibration signals, the technology is mature, and the accuracy is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of drilling, and particularly relates to a ground monitoring system and method for butt joint of communication wells.
Background
In order to efficiently realize geothermal utilization, coalbed methane development and brine exploitation, a communication well is needed. At present, the underground measurement based on MWD and LWD is that the measurement parameters are used for track calculation and well space position determination within a distance of 10-30m from the position of a drill bit at the bottom of the well, the change of the well track is predicted, the hysteresis of a measuring instrument makes calculation errors larger and more difficult to accurately determine the position of the drill bit. The existing communication well butt joint mainly adopts an active magnetic measurement technology, and the method comprises the steps of putting a magnetic measurement probe into a target well, collecting a rotating magnetic field generated by a strong magnetic joint at a drill bit of a horizontal well, inputting the collected magnetic signals into a PC (personal computer), carrying out data analysis, obtaining the spatial relative position relationship between the current drill bit and the target well probe, adjusting the drilling direction, and realizing the butt joint operation. Although the method can realize underground butt joint of the communicating well, a special magnetic signal tool is needed to be put into the communicating well underground, electromagnetic transmission signals are seriously attenuated in the rock, the electromagnetic transmission signals are easily interfered by drilling equipment and low-resistance rock, and the detection range is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a ground monitoring system and a ground monitoring method for the butt joint of a communication well, so as to realize ground monitoring and realize underground accurate butt joint of the communication well.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the ground monitoring system for the butt joint of the communication well comprises a butt joint well, a butt joint construction well, a ground monitoring computer, a data acquisition instrument, a wellhead sensor and a ground sensor array group, wherein the bottom end of the butt joint construction well is connected with a drill bit for drilling; one end of the data acquisition instrument is respectively connected with the wellhead sensor and the ground sensor array group, and the other end of the data acquisition instrument is connected with the ground monitoring computer; the method is characterized in that: the wellhead sensor comprises a butt-joint wellhead sensor positioned at a butt-joint wellhead sleeve, and a butt-joint construction wellhead sensor positioned at a butt-joint construction wellhead sleeve; the ground sensor array group comprises three channels; the second ground sensor array is positioned on a connecting line of the butt joint construction well wellhead and the butt joint well wellhead, the first ground sensor array and the third ground sensor array are respectively positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the second ground sensor array, and the distance between the ground sensor arrays is more than or equal to 50m.
The spacing between the surface sensor arrays should also be less than 1/3 of the horizontal length of each surface sensor array.
The starting position of the second ground sensor array is at the projection position of the horizontal section window entering point on the ground, and the starting and stopping positions of the first ground sensor array and the third ground sensor array are flush with each other.
Wherein, the ground sensor in the ground sensor array group is 941B type ultra-low frequency vibration meter of China seismic office engineering mechanics institute. The wellhead sensor is an INV9828 acceleration sensor of Beijing Oriental vibration and noise technology institute. The data acquisition instrument is an INV3062S/V network distributed acquisition instrument of Beijing Oriental vibration and noise technology institute.
A surface monitoring method for well communication docking, using the surface monitoring system for well communication docking as described above, defined as follows: taking a vibration signal generated by a drill bit collected by a butt-joint construction well wellhead sensor as a first characteristic response signal for judging whether the drill bit meets a casing cement sheath or not, and taking a vibration signal generated by the drill bit collected by the butt-joint construction well wellhead sensor as a second characteristic response signal for judging whether the drill bit meets the casing cement sheath or not;
the method comprises the following steps:
1) Ground sensor array group signal acquisition and processing
Signals acquired by the ground sensor arrays form three time offset curves;
2) Determination of bit direction
Drawing three time offset curves in the same graph;
drilling the drill bit in the direction of the butt joint well at first, judging whether the drilling direction of the drill bit is opposite to the direction of the butt joint well according to whether the time offset curves of the first ground sensor array and the third ground sensor array are coincident or not, and adjusting;
3) Determination of bit abutment distance
The first characteristic response signal slowly increases along with the decrease of the distance between the drill bit and the butt joint well, when the drill bit drills into the casing cement sheath, the first characteristic response signal suddenly increases to reach the maximum amplitude, and similarity occurs between the first characteristic response signal and the time domain waveform of the second characteristic response signal, and at the moment, the observation is carried out to ensure that the butt joint well is communicated with the butt joint construction well.
Wherein, the process of 2) the direction discrimination of the drill bit is as follows: enabling the drill bit to drill in the direction of the butt joint well at first time, and if the time offset curves of the first ground sensor array and the third ground sensor array are basically coincident, indicating that the drill bit drills in the direction of the butt joint well; if the time offset curves of the first ground sensor array and the third ground sensor array are not coincident, the drill bit deviates from the direction of the butt joint well, and the drilling direction of the drill bit is required to be adjusted so that the drill bit is just opposite to the direction of the butt joint well.
Wherein, 3) the process of discriminating the bit docking distance is as follows: when the drilling direction of the drill bit is adjusted to be opposite to the direction of the butt joint well in the step 2), the amplitude of the first characteristic response signal slowly increases along with the approach of the distance; when the drill bit drills to the butt joint well, the amplitude of the first characteristic response signal suddenly increases, similarity occurs between the amplitude of the first characteristic response signal and the time domain waveform of the second characteristic response signal, and the butt joint well and the butt joint construction well are communicated through enhanced observation.
The invention has the technical effects that:
1) Compared with the existing active magnetic measurement technology, all equipment of the monitoring system is installed on the ground, equipment does not need to be put into a shaft, and the monitoring system is convenient to use and maintain;
2) The monitoring system of the invention can be arranged on the ground and the casing, and the equipment such as the vibration sensor, the acquisition instrument, the computer and the like can be purchased for ready-made products, so that the cost is low;
3) The operation of the monitoring system is independent of the existing drilling operation flow, the normal drilling construction process is not required to be changed, the butt joint process is directly judged according to the monitored bit vibration signals, the technology is mature, and the accuracy is high.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the signal acquisition of the single-channel ground sensor array of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of signals collected by the surface sensor array set when the drill bit of the present invention is facing the direction of the butt well.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of signals collected by the surface sensor array set when the drill bit deviates from the direction of the butt joint well.
Reference numerals: 1-a ground monitoring computer, 2-a data acquisition instrument and 301-a butt joint construction well wellhead sensor; 302-docking a wellhead sensor; 303-a first track of ground sensor arrays; 304-a second ground sensor array; 305-a third ground sensor array; 4-butting a construction well; 5-butting well; 6-drill bit.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, a ground monitoring system for butt joint of a communication well comprises a butt joint well 5, a butt joint construction well 4, a ground monitoring computer 1, a data acquisition instrument 2, a wellhead sensor and a ground sensor array group, wherein the bottom end of the butt joint construction well 4 is connected with a drill bit 6 for drilling; one end of the data acquisition instrument 2 is respectively connected with the wellhead sensor and the ground sensor array group, and the other end is connected with the ground monitoring computer 1; the method is characterized in that: the wellhead sensor comprises a butt-joint well wellhead sensor 302 positioned at a butt-joint well 5 wellhead sleeve, and a butt-joint construction well wellhead sensor 301 positioned at a butt-joint construction well 4 wellhead sleeve; the ground sensor array group comprises three channels; the second ground sensor array 304 is located on the connection line between the wellhead of the butt joint construction well 4 and the wellhead of the butt joint well 5, the first ground sensor array 303 and the third ground sensor array 305 are located on the upper side and the lower side of the second ground sensor array 304 respectively, and the distance between the ground sensor arrays is more than or equal to 50m and less than 1/3 of the horizontal length of each ground sensor array.
The space between the ground sensor arrays is set to prevent insufficient time precision and can not distinguish signals. The sampling frequency of the ground sensor is 200Hz, the engineering sampling frequency is at least 2 times of the signal frequency, the frequency of the detection signal is below 100Hz, the speed of the vibration wave in sandstone is 2000m/s for example, the time identification precision must reach 1/2000s to meet the requirement that the error is smaller than 1m, the error in the process of butt joint of the well 5 is not smaller than 0.5m, the time identification precision must reach 1/4000s, the distance between the ground sensor arrays is not smaller than 50m, the time identification precision can be reduced to 50/4000 s=0.0125 s, and the required detection signal frequency is 1/0.0125=80 HZ <100Hz.
The starting position of the second ground sensor array 304 is the projection position of the horizontal window entering point on the ground, and the starting and stopping positions of the first ground sensor array 303 and the third ground sensor array 305 are level. I.e. the docking step is only required after the drill bit 6 has entered the horizontal section.
Wherein, the ground sensor in the ground sensor array group is 941B type ultra-low frequency vibration meter of China seismic office engineering mechanics institute. The wellhead sensor is an INV9828 acceleration sensor of Beijing Oriental vibration and noise technology institute. The data acquisition instrument 2 is an INV3062S/V network distributed acquisition instrument of Beijing Oriental vibration and noise technology institute.
A surface monitoring method for well communication docking, using the surface monitoring system for well communication docking as described above, defined as follows: taking the vibration signal generated by the drill bit 6 collected by the butt-joint construction well wellhead sensor 301 as a first characteristic response signal for judging whether the drill bit 6 is in contact with the casing cement sheath, and taking the vibration signal generated by the drill bit 6 collected by the butt-joint construction well wellhead sensor 302 as a second characteristic response signal for judging whether the drill bit 6 is in contact with the casing cement sheath; the computer processes signals received by the data acquisition instrument 2 through DASP-V11 engineering version multichannel signal acquisition and real-time analysis software of the Beijing eastern vibration and noise technology institute, the butt joint direction of the drill bit 6 is judged through the comparison of signals received by the ground sensor array group, and the butt joint distance of the butt joint drill bit 6 is judged through the comparison of signals received by the wellhead sensor, so that the butt joint of the communication well is realized.
The specific process is as follows.
1) Ground sensor array group signal acquisition and processing
As shown in fig. 2, after the signals collected by the ground sensor array groups are subjected to noise elimination, according to the trend consistency of the array signals, the signals collected by each ground sensor array are recorded to form three time offset curves, and the three time offset curves are used as the response of the drill bit 6.
2) Determination of the direction of the drill bit 6
Drawing three time offset curves in the same graph;
in the state of the art, the borehole trajectory control method employed during the docking process ensures that the sub 6 drills generally toward the docking well 5, i.e., the sub 6 is positioned between the first surface sensor array 303 and the third surface sensor array 305 in a surface projection.
If the time offset curves of the first surface sensor array 303 and the third surface sensor array 305 substantially coincide, as shown in fig. 3, which indicates that the time for the signals generated by the rock breaking of the drill bit 6 to propagate along the stratum to the first surface sensor array 303 and the third surface sensor array 305 is the same, and in the same stratum, the propagation speed of the rock breaking signals of the drill bit 6 is the same, it is indicated that the distances from the drill bit 6 to the first surface sensor array 303 and the third surface sensor array 305 are the same, and the drill bit 6 is drilling in the direction of the butt well 5.
If the time offset curves of the first ground sensor array 303 and the third ground sensor array 305 do not coincide, as shown in fig. 4, when the time offset curve of the first ground sensor array 303 is above the time offset curve of the third ground sensor array 305, which indicates that the time for the signal generated by breaking rock of the drill bit 6 to propagate along the stratum to the first ground sensor array 303 is longer than the time for the signal to propagate to the third ground sensor array 305, and in the same stratum, the propagation speed of the broken rock signal of the drill bit 6 is the same, it is indicated that the distance from the drill bit 6 to the first ground sensor array 303 is longer than the distance from the third ground sensor array 305, and the drill bit 6 is deviated from the direction of the butt joint well 5, that is, the position of the drill bit 6 is projected between the first ground sensor array 303 and the third ground sensor array 305, and at this time, the drilling direction of the drill bit 6 needs to be adjusted towards the line connecting the wellhead of the butt joint construction well 4 and the wellhead of the butt joint well 5. Conversely, if the time offset curve of the first ground sensor array 303 is below the time offset curve of the third ground sensor array 305, it is indicated that the position of the drill bit 6 is between the first ground sensor array 303 and the third ground sensor array 305 in the ground projection, and the drilling direction of the drill bit 6 is also adjusted to be toward the connection line between the wellhead of the docking well 4 and the wellhead of the docking well 5.
3) Determination of the docking distance of the drill bit 6
When the drilling direction of the drill bit 6 is adjusted to be opposite to the direction of the butt joint well 5 in the step 2), the amplitude of the first characteristic response signal slowly increases along with the approach of the distance; when the drill bit 6 drills the butt-joint well 5, the amplitude of the first characteristic response signal suddenly increases, and the similarity between the amplitude and the time domain waveform of the second characteristic response signal appears, so that the butt-joint well 5 and the butt-joint construction well 4 are communicated through enhanced observation.
In the present invention, all the related devices are finished products which can be purchased in the market, and the connection modes between the devices are all realized by those skilled in the art according to the description of the technical scheme, and the software in the ground monitoring computer 1 is only a means for realizing the purpose of the present invention and is not in the protection scope of the technical scheme.
Claims (9)
1. The ground monitoring system for the butt joint of the communication well comprises a butt joint well (5), a butt joint construction well (4), a ground monitoring computer (1), a data acquisition instrument (2), a wellhead sensor and a ground sensor array group, wherein the bottom end of the butt joint construction well (4) is connected with a drill bit (6) for drilling; one end of the data acquisition instrument (2) is respectively connected with the wellhead sensor and the ground sensor array group, and the other end of the data acquisition instrument is connected with the ground monitoring computer (1); the method is characterized in that: the wellhead sensor comprises a butt-joint wellhead sensor (302) positioned at a wellhead sleeve of a butt-joint well (5), and a butt-joint construction wellhead sensor (301) positioned at a wellhead sleeve of a butt-joint construction well (4); the ground sensor array group comprises three channels; the second ground sensor array (304) is positioned on the connecting line of the wellhead of the butt joint construction well (4) and the wellhead of the butt joint well (5), the first ground sensor array (303) and the third ground sensor array (305) are respectively positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the second ground sensor array (304), and the distance between the ground sensor arrays is more than or equal to 50m.
2. The surface monitoring system for a communication well interface of claim 1, wherein: the spacing between the surface sensor arrays should also be less than 1/3 of the horizontal length of each surface sensor array.
3. The surface monitoring system for a communication well docking according to claim 2, wherein: the starting position of the second ground sensor array (304) is at the projection position of the horizontal section window entering point on the ground, and the starting and stopping positions of the first ground sensor array (303) and the third ground sensor array (305) are flush with each other.
4. A surface monitoring system for a communication well interface as recited in claim 3, wherein: the ground sensors in the ground sensor array group are 941B-type ultra-low frequency vibration meters of the institute of engineering mechanics of China seismic office.
5. The surface monitoring system for a communication well interface of claim 4, wherein: the wellhead sensor is an INV9828 acceleration sensor of Beijing Oriental vibration and noise technology institute.
6. The surface monitoring system for a communication well interface of claim 5, wherein: the data acquisition instrument (2) is an INV3062S/V network distributed acquisition instrument of Beijing eastern vibration and noise technology institute.
7. A surface monitoring method for a connected well dock, characterized by: use of a surface monitoring system for a communication well docking according to claim 3, defined as follows: taking a vibration signal generated by a drill bit (6) collected by a butt-joint construction well wellhead sensor (301) as a first characteristic response signal for judging whether the drill bit (6) drills into a casing cement sheath, and taking a vibration signal generated by the drill bit (6) collected by a butt-joint well wellhead sensor (302) as a second characteristic response signal for judging whether the drill bit (6) drills into the casing cement sheath;
the method comprises the following steps:
1) Ground sensor array group signal acquisition and processing
Signals acquired by the ground sensor arrays form three time offset curves;
2) Determination of the direction of the drill bit (6)
Drawing three time offset curves in the same graph;
the drill bit (6) is drilled along the direction of the butt joint well (5) initially, and whether the drilling direction of the drill bit (6) is opposite to the direction of the butt joint well (5) is judged and adjusted according to whether the time offset curves of the first ground sensor array (303) and the third ground sensor array (305) are overlapped;
3) Determination of the docking distance of the drill bit (6)
The first characteristic response signal slowly increases along with the decrease of the distance between the drill bit (6) and the butt joint well (5), when the drill bit (6) drills into a casing cement sheath, the first characteristic response signal suddenly increases to reach the maximum amplitude, and similarity occurs between the first characteristic response signal and the time domain waveform of the second characteristic response signal, and at the moment, attention is paid to observation so that the butt joint well (5) is communicated with the butt joint construction well (4).
8. The surface monitoring method for communicating well interfacing of claim 7, wherein: the process for discriminating the direction of the drill bit (6) in the 2) is as follows: initially drilling the drill bit (6) generally in the direction of the mating well (5), wherein if the time offset curves of the first (303) and third (305) surface sensor arrays substantially coincide, it is indicated that the drill bit (6) is drilling in the direction of the mating well (5); if the time offset curves of the first ground sensor array (303) and the third ground sensor array (305) are not coincident, the drill bit (6) deviates from the direction of the butt joint well (5), and the drilling direction of the drill bit (6) needs to be adjusted to enable the drill bit to directly face the direction of the butt joint well (5).
9. The surface monitoring method for communicating well interfacing of claim 8, wherein: the 3) the process of judging the abutting distance of the drill bit (6) is as follows: when the drilling direction of the drill bit (6) is adjusted in the step 2) to enable the drill bit to be opposite to the direction of the butt joint well (5), the amplitude of the first characteristic response signal slowly increases along with the approach of the distance; when the drill bit (6) drills to the butt joint well (5), the amplitude of the first characteristic response signal suddenly increases, the similarity between the amplitude of the first characteristic response signal and the time domain waveform of the second characteristic response signal appears, and the butt joint well (5) and the butt joint construction well (4) are communicated through enhanced observation.
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