CN109372678B - Transient flow experimental device for water turbine - Google Patents
Transient flow experimental device for water turbine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109372678B CN109372678B CN201811339456.5A CN201811339456A CN109372678B CN 109372678 B CN109372678 B CN 109372678B CN 201811339456 A CN201811339456 A CN 201811339456A CN 109372678 B CN109372678 B CN 109372678B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- water turbine
- rotating wheel
- volute
- movable blade
- experimental device
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
- F03B11/008—Measuring or testing arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
- F03B11/004—Valve arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Abstract
The invention relates to a transient flow experimental device of a water turbine, which comprises a water turbine volute, wherein a rotating wheel is arranged in the water turbine volute and is connected with a motor through a rotating wheel shaft, fixed blades are installed on the rotating wheel, the motor is connected with a frequency converter, a dynamic pressure sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the volute and is connected with a computer through a data acquisition card, a movable blade cover is further arranged between the rotating wheel and the rotating wheel volute, a plurality of movable blades are installed on the movable blade cover, and the opening degree between every two adjacent blades on the movable blade cover can be adjusted. The invention improves the water turbine, realizes transient flow test, is beneficial to mastering the internal flow rule of the water turbine in the transient process, and solves the problem of certain error generated in the process of manually adjusting the blades at present.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of flow analysis inside a water turbine, in particular to a flow experimental device of the water turbine in a transient process.
Background
The water turbine is a device which converts potential energy of water into mechanical energy and drives a motor to generate electricity, and plays an important role in an energy system. The electric energy generated by hydroelectric power generation is incorporated into a power grid, and the water flow condition is constantly changed, so that the water turbine needs to be continuously adjusted to realize the stable output of the power grid. As transient studies of water turbines are becoming hot.
During transient operation of the turbine, pressure pulsations of higher intensity are generated than during steady state, and the internal flow is more complex, such as secondary flow, rotating stall, etc. In addition, the performance thereof is also greatly changed. Therefore, the research on the transient state of the water turbine is more academic.
At present, transient state research on water turbines mainly focuses on numerical calculation research, and numerical simulation can realize the internal visualization research of the water turbine, but calculation results and experiments still have certain errors. Although some experiments also carry out relevant transient researches on the water turbine at present, the transient regulation process of the water turbine is mostly regulated by people, and therefore corresponding errors are generated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a water turbine transient flow experimental device based on programmed control, which can realize accurate adjustment of experimental parameters of a transient medium flow process of a water turbine in the working process.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the utility model provides a hydraulic turbine transient flow experimental apparatus, includes the hydraulic turbine spiral case, be equipped with the runner in the hydraulic turbine spiral case, the runner passes through the runner axle and is connected with the motor, install fixed blade on the runner, the motor is connected with the converter, be equipped with dynamic pressure sensor on the inner wall of the volute, dynamic pressure sensor passes through data acquisition card and is connected with the computer, still be equipped with movable blade cover between runner and the runner spiral case, movable blade covers and installs a plurality of movable blades, the aperture that every adjacent two blades were covered to movable blade is adjustable.
In the above scheme, the movable blade cover comprises two control rings which are symmetrically distributed, the movable blades are arranged between the two control rings, each movable blade is correspondingly connected to the two ends of the corresponding control ring through the adjusting connecting rod, the control ring is fixedly connected with the connecting rod, the connecting rod is fixedly provided with the rack, and the rack is meshed with the gear.
In the scheme, a coupling is arranged between the motor and the water turbine shaft.
In the above scheme, the data acquisition card is a National Instrument model data acquisition card produced by National instruments and companies of the U.S.
In the scheme, LabVIEW software is installed on the computer, and a National Instrument model data acquisition card produced by the National instruments company transmits signals to the LabVIEW software.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) the blade adjustment of the water turbine can realize the research on the transient process of opening and closing valves under different blade opening degrees on the movable blade cover of the water turbine by adopting the meshing control between the rack and the gear; the running rotating speed of the water turbine is controlled by a frequency converter, so that transient research on load-cut change of the water turbine is realized; the dynamic pressure sensor arranged in the volute can realize the internal pressure measurement in the transient process of the water turbine, and the internal pressure measurement provides foundation and condition guarantee for developing the transient flow experiment of the pump water turbine. (2) The invention improves the water turbine, realizes transient flow test, is beneficial to mastering the internal flow rule of the water turbine in the transient process, and solves the problem of certain error generated in the process of manually adjusting the blades at present.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view of the movable blade cover structure of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the movable blade cover of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a transient flow test of a water turbine.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the angle change of the movable vane in the experiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a graph of flow rate versus power change for the device of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a rotating wheel; 2. a rotating wheel shaft; 3. a motor; 4. a movable vane cover; 4-1, a control loop; 4-2, movable blades; 4-3, adjusting the connecting rod; 4-4. connecting rod; 4-5, a rack; 4-6, gear; 5. a coupling is provided.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the transient flow experimental apparatus for a water turbine provided in this embodiment includes a spiral casing of the water turbine, a rotating wheel 1 is disposed in the spiral casing of the water turbine, the rotating wheel 1 is connected to a motor 3 through a rotating wheel shaft 2, a coupling 5 is installed between the motor 3 and the rotating wheel shaft 2, a fixed blade is installed on the rotating wheel 1, the motor 3 is connected to a frequency converter, a dynamic pressure sensor is disposed on an inner wall of the spiral casing, the dynamic pressure sensor is connected to a computer through a data acquisition card, a movable blade cover 4 is further disposed between the rotating wheel 1 and the spiral casing of the rotating wheel, and a gap between every two adjacent blades on the movable blade cover 4 is adjustable. Preferably, the data acquisition card is a National Instrument model data acquisition card produced by National instruments, the computer is provided with LabVIEW software, and the National Instrument model data acquisition card produced by the National instruments is in signal connection with the LabVIEW software.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the movable blade cover 4 provided in this embodiment is provided with a plurality of movable blades 4-2, and further includes two control rings 4-1 which are symmetrically distributed, the movable blade 4-2 is arranged between the two control rings 4-1, two ends of each movable blade 4-2 are correspondingly connected to the control rings 4-1 through adjusting connecting rods 4-3, the control rings 4-1 are fixedly connected with connecting rods 4-4, the connecting rods 4-4 are fixedly provided with racks 4-5, and the racks 4-5 are meshed with gears 4-6. The opening degree between two adjacent movable blades 4-2 is changed by adopting a gear rack transmission mechanism through a control ring 4-1 and an adjusting connecting rod 4-3. Preferably, the turbine volute casing in this embodiment is of a spiral structure, and the number of the fixed blades and the number of the movable blades are both 28. The impeller is of a closed structure.
The schematic diagram of the experimental device for the transient flow of the water turbine in the embodiment is shown in fig. 4, a motor of the water turbine is connected with a frequency converter to realize the accurate speed adjustment of the water turbine, a dynamic pressure sensor is arranged on a volute of the water turbine, and the dynamic pressure sensor is connected with a National Instrument data acquisition card and is used for storing and processing data with LabVIEW software in a computer. In addition, motor drive of the movable blade is still accurately controlled through LabVIEW software, and data acquisition and transient timing are synchronously completed. In the operation process of the experimental device, the angle change rule of the movable blade is as shown in fig. 5 from the beginning of the change of the movable blade to the end of the adjustment. Correspondingly, the operation is started under the rated working condition of the pump turbine, the angle of the movable blade is changed, the time variation, the flow and the power in the whole variation process are normalized, and the variation relation between the normalized flow and the normalized power and the normalized time in the whole transient process is shown in fig. 6.
Claims (4)
1. A water turbine transient flow experimental device based on programmed control comprises a water turbine volute, wherein a rotating wheel (1) is arranged in the water turbine volute, the rotating wheel (1) is connected with a motor (3) through a rotating wheel shaft (2), and fixed blades are installed on the rotating wheel (1), the water turbine transient flow experimental device is characterized in that the motor (3) is connected with a frequency converter, a dynamic pressure sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the volute and connected with a computer through a data acquisition card, a movable blade cover (4) is further arranged between the rotating wheel (1) and the rotating wheel volute, a plurality of movable blades (4-2) are installed on the movable blade cover (4), and the opening degree between every two adjacent blades on the movable blade cover (4) is adjustable; the movable vane cover (4) comprises two control rings (4-1) which are symmetrically distributed, movable vanes (4-2) are arranged between the two control rings (4-1), two ends of each movable vane (4-2) are correspondingly connected to the control rings (4-1) through adjusting connecting rods (4-3), the control rings (4-1) are fixedly connected with connecting rods (4-4), racks (4-5) are fixedly installed on the connecting rods (4-4), and the racks (4-5) are meshed with gears (4-6); LabVIEW software is installed on the computer and used for controlling a driving motor of the movable blade (4-2).
2. The experimental device for transient flow of water turbine based on programmed control is characterized in that a coupling (5) is installed between the motor (3) and the runner shaft (2).
3. The turbine transient flow experimental device based on programmed control as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein said data acquisition card is a National Instrument model data acquisition card manufactured by National instruments of the United states.
4. The turbine transient flow experimental device based on programmed control as claimed in claim 3, wherein a National Instrument model data acquisition card produced by the National instruments company delivers signals to the LabVIEW software.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811339456.5A CN109372678B (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2018-11-12 | Transient flow experimental device for water turbine |
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| CN201811339456.5A CN109372678B (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2018-11-12 | Transient flow experimental device for water turbine |
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| CN109372678A CN109372678A (en) | 2019-02-22 |
| CN109372678B true CN109372678B (en) | 2021-02-12 |
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| CN201811339456.5A Active CN109372678B (en) | 2018-11-12 | 2018-11-12 | Transient flow experimental device for water turbine |
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| CN109899204A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-06-18 | 上海海洋大学 | A kind of water circulation tidal power generating simulator |
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| US3225591A (en) * | 1961-07-12 | 1965-12-28 | Jr John C Orkney | Apparatus for use in measuring the hydraulic efficiency of fluid machines, such as turbines |
| CN100491950C (en) * | 2007-06-11 | 2009-05-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Air compressor louver experiment device with adjustable additional blades based on relative motion concept |
| CN203257592U (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2013-10-30 | 东方电气集团东方电机有限公司 | Pulling open degree testing device for mixed flow water turbine water distributor preassembling servomotor |
| CN104879270B (en) * | 2014-03-29 | 2017-12-08 | 深圳市恩莱吉能源科技有限公司 | The electro-hydraulic adjusting method of blade and device of the high oil pressure cntrol hydraulic turbine |
| CN205370834U (en) * | 2016-02-20 | 2016-07-06 | 洪江市安江水电设备有限责任公司 | Structure is opened to francis turbine's stator |
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Inventor after: Pei Ji Inventor after: Jiang Wei Inventor after: Wang Wenjie Inventor after: Yuan Shouqi Inventor after: Gan Xingcheng Inventor after: Deng Qifan Inventor after: Cao Jian Inventor before: Jiang Wei Inventor before: Wang Wenjie Inventor before: Pei Ji Inventor before: Yuan Shouqi Inventor before: Gan Xingcheng Inventor before: Deng Qifan Inventor before: Cao Jian |
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