CN109371333A - A kind of ceramics enhancing steel composite material and preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of ceramics enhancing steel composite material and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109371333A CN109371333A CN201811498373.0A CN201811498373A CN109371333A CN 109371333 A CN109371333 A CN 109371333A CN 201811498373 A CN201811498373 A CN 201811498373A CN 109371333 A CN109371333 A CN 109371333A
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- composite material
- ceramics
- steel composite
- reinforcement
- twin crystal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of ceramics enhancing steel composite material, and the matrices of composite material is twin crystal inducing plasticity steel, and reinforcement used is ceramics.By the way that high rigidity and high performance ceramic material is compound as reinforcement and high-intensitive, high tenacity and plasticity twin crystal inducing plasticity steel, the defects of overcoming insufficient magnalium based composites intensity, plasticity difference and using temperature limited, effectively improves the wear resistance of material.And since the size of reinforcement can according to need design and adjustment, a variety of wear resistant applications can be widely used in.The invention also discloses the preparation methods for making above-mentioned ceramics enhancing steel composite material, this method is made by the way that matrix twin crystal inducing plasticity steel to be poured into the model for be fixed with ceramic reinforcing material, production process is simple, low for equipment requirements, production cost is low, easy to spread.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metallic composite more particularly to a kind of ceramics enhancing steel composite material and its preparation sides
Method.
Background technique
The development and application of new material new technology are comprehensive bases for improving China's industry general technical, are core technologies
It is key technology.Abrasion-resistant stee has extensive demand in fields such as China's electric power, mines, and the wear-resisting property by improving material can
To effectively reduce the consumption of part, to improve efficiency, reduce production cost.It is resistance to that wear-resistant material dosage is most commonly used at present
Steel material is ground, the advantages that wear-resistant steel material preparation process is simple, machinability is strong and later period assembly is easy, but abrasion-resistant stee makes
The limit has been had reached with performance, its wear-resisting property can not have been further increased by improving the measures such as hardness again.It is with potassium steel
Example, obtains higher wearability with strain inducing martensitic traoformation, however the wearability of potassium steel is based on martensite
Come what is realized, matrix eventually influences to use because of the continuous reduction of size for the continuous abrasion of phase change layer；In addition, potassium steel
It is not suitable for the wear resistant applications of low strain dynamic also.Ceramic material is as emerging material, due to high wear-resisting property,
Start to be applied to the wear-resisting field in part, but since ceramic material brittleness is big, almost without plastic deformation and at high cost etc. lacks
Point is being limited by very large in use as wear-resistant material.
Metal-base composites is as advanced composite material, the advantages of combining both ceramics and metal, good with it
Comprehensive mechanical property China industry in play an important role, become the popular domain of research, wherein typical metal
Based composites are aluminum matrix composite and magnesium-based composite material, although magnalium based composites have low-density, low cost, height
The advantages that specific strength, but intensity is insufficient, plasticity difference and it is limited using temperature be its major defect.
The main preparation means of base steel composite material have: powder metallurgic method, spray deposition, stirring casting method, Yi Jiyuan
Position reaction method.Wherein powder metallurgic method, spray deposition process be many and diverse, long preparation period, preparation cost are high；Stirring casting method
Simple process, preparation cost are low, but stirring casting method generally requires high-temperature, high vacuum, and the limitation of reinforcement size is harsh, by force
Change effect is poor, material property is low；In-situ reaction process cycle is long, and reinforcement type is very limited, is unable to get large-sized
Reinforcement particle.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome in the prior art, magnalium based composites intensity is insufficient, plasticity difference and lacks using temperature is limited etc.
It falls into, effectively improves the wear resistance of material；Be able to achieve again wear-resistant material production process it is simple, it is low for equipment requirements, be easy to push away
Extensively, the present invention provides a kind of ceramics enhancing steel composite materials.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a kind of ceramics enhancing steel composite material, the matrices of composite material are twin crystal inducing
Plasticity steel, reinforcement used are ceramics.
Preferably, the twin crystal inducing plasticity steel Matrix Composition mass ratio be 0.4~2.0%C, 5~35%Mn, 0.05~
4%Si, 0.05~6%Al, surplus Fe.
Preferably, the ceramic phase reinforcement is carbonization silicon type ceramics, type silicon nitride ceramics, zirconia-type ceramics or oxidation
One or more of aluminium profiles ceramics.Silicon carbide, silicon nitride, zirconium oxide and aluminium oxide are all with high rigidity and high performance pottery
Ceramic material can make composite material have high rigidity and high-performance as reinforcement.A variety of reinforcement materials are used in mixed way can
To give full play to the feature performance benefit of each material, keep the comprehensive performance of composite material more excellent.
Preferably, the ceramic phase reinforcement is sphere, cylinder or stick.
Preferably, the ceramic phase reinforcement be diameter range be 0.5~30mm sphere, draw ratio is 0.1~3 and diameter
The cylinder of 1~30mm of range or the stick of 1~30mm of diameter range and 20~200mm of length range.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of ceramics enhancing steel composite material, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: ceramic phase reinforcement is fixed in the casting model made；It is former to be equipped with twin crystal inducing plasticity steel matrix
Material is simultaneously smelted into twin crystal inducing plasticity steel；
Step 2: liquid twin crystal inducing plasticity steel melted in step 1 is poured into above-mentioned casting moulds type；
Step 3: static freezing is cooling.
Preferably, the casting model is sand mold, metal mold or disappearance type.
Preferably, the ceramic phase reinforcement is sphere, cylinder or stick.
Preferably, the casting moulds core body be sphere that diameter range is 0.5~30mm or draw ratio 0.1~3 and
The cylinder of 1~30mm of diameter range or the stick of 1~30mm of diameter range and 20~200mm of length range.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Ceramics enhancing steel composite material of the invention, matrix is using twin crystal inducing plasticity steel, reinforcement ceramics, due to twin
The microstructure of brilliant inducing plasticity steel is austenite structure, and when by external load, austenite structure is produced due to strain inducing
Life tool twinning mechanism generate it is big extend without constriction, there is higher intensity, toughness and plasticity, elongation percentage can achieve 30~
90%, comprehensive performance is better than steel grade common at present.Therefore, ceramics enhancing steel composite material as cast condition flexural strength of the invention
600~900MPa, the defects of insufficient magnalium based composites intensity, plasticity difference can be overcome and use temperature limited.In addition,
For the present invention using additional high rigidity and high performance ceramic material as reinforcement, the size of reinforcement can according to need increasing
Or reduce, the shape of reinforcement, which can according to need, carries out different designs, and the quantity and arrangement mode of reinforcement can also roots
It is adjusted according to needs, so that the mechanical property of composite material is optimized, ceramics enhancing steel composite material of the invention
A variety of wear resistant applications can be widely used in, the wear resistance of material is effectively improved.
The preparation method production process of ceramics enhancing steel composite material of the invention is simple, it is low for equipment requirements, be produced into
This is low, easy to spread.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is ceramics enhancing steel composite material cross section structure schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the industry CT non-destructive testing figure of the enhancing steel composite material of ceramics prepared by embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the enhancing steel composite material SEM fracture apperance figure of ceramics prepared by embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is the enhancing steel composite material bending resistance curve of ceramics prepared by embodiment 1, and wherein abscissa indicates displacement of pressing head
Size, ordinate indicate stress intensity.
In figure, 1- ceramics enhance steel composite material；2- twin crystal inducing plasticity steel matrix；3- ceramic phase reinforcement
Specific embodiment
It elaborates below with reference to embodiment to the present invention.It should be noted that for these embodiments
Illustrate to be used to help understand the present invention, but and does not constitute a limitation of the invention.In addition, each reality of invention described below
Applying technical characteristic involved in mode can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.In addition following is only this hair
Bright section Example, rather than whole embodiments, based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not having
Every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work is made, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Step 1: production sand mold is poured model, and willSilicon carbide ceramics stick is fixed on as reinforcement
It states in sand mold casting model；Prepare twin crystal inducing plasticity steel raw matrix materials C, Mn, Si, Al and Fe and is smelted into twinning induced plasticity
Steel, each composition quality accounting in the twin crystal inducing plasticity steel are as follows: 0.4%C, 20.5%Mn, 0.80%Si, 0.05Al%, remaining
For Fe.
Step 2: liquid twin crystal inducing plasticity steel melted in step 1 is poured into above-mentioned casting moulds type；
Step 3: static freezing is cooling.Obtain withSilicon carbide ceramics stick is the twin crystal inducing of reinforcement
Plasticity base steel composite material.
Ceramics obtained by the present embodiment enhance twin crystal inducing plasticity steel based composites cross section structure as shown in Figure 1,
Twin crystal inducing plasticity steel matrix 2 and ceramic phase reinforcement 3 be combined ceramics enhancing steel composite material 1.
Fig. 2 is the standby ceramics enhancing steel composite material industry CT non-destructive testing figure of the present embodiment institute.Fig. 3 is that the present embodiment is made
Standby ceramics enhancing steel composite material SEM fracture apperance figure.From figures 2 and 3, it will be seen that 2 He of twin crystal inducing plasticity steel matrix
Ceramic phase reinforcement 3 is well combined.
The enhancing steel composite material of ceramics made from the present embodiment is tested by GB/T232, and bending resistance is tested in universal tensile
It is carried out on testing machine.Bending test specimen section is square, and its side length is 2.5 times of ceramic phase reinforcement diameter, ceramic phase reinforcement exists
Composite material square center, bending test specimen length are greater than ceramic phase reinforcement length, and test curve is as shown in figure 4, as cast condition bending resistance
Qu Qiangdu reaches 800MPa.
Embodiment 2:
Using identical with embodiment 1 step production ceramics enhancing steel composite material, institute the difference is that:
It 1, the use of casting model is metal mold, ceramic phase reinforcement isZirconia ceramics stick.
2, each composition quality accounting in twin crystal inducing plasticity steel matrix are as follows: 0.4%C, 5%Mn, 0.05%Si,
0.05Al%, remaining is Fe.
It is tested using with the identical method of embodiment 1, measures the ceramics enhancing steel composite material as cast condition bending resistance of preparation
Qu Qiangdu reaches 780MPa.
Embodiment 3:
Using identical with embodiment 1 step production ceramics enhancing steel composite material, institute the difference is that:
It 1, the use of casting model is disappearance type, ceramic phase reinforcement isSilicon nitride ceramics stick.
2, each composition quality accounting in twin crystal inducing plasticity steel matrix are as follows: 2.0%C, 35.0%Mn, 0.80%Si,
1.0Al%, remaining is Fe.
It is tested using with the identical method of embodiment 1, measures the ceramics enhancing steel composite material as cast condition bending resistance of preparation
Qu Qiangdu reaches 855MPa.
Embodiment 4:
Using identical with embodiment 1 step production ceramics enhancing steel composite material, institute the difference is that:
It 1, the use of casting model is disappearance type, ceramic phase reinforcement isAluminium oxide ceramics cylinder.
2, each composition quality accounting in twin crystal inducing plasticity steel matrix are as follows: 0.6%C, 6.5%Mn, 4.0%Si,
2.0Al%, remaining is Fe.
It is tested using with the identical method of embodiment 1, measures the ceramics enhancing steel composite material as cast condition bending resistance of preparation
Qu Qiangdu reaches 790MPa.
Embodiment 5:
Using identical with embodiment 1 step production ceramics enhancing steel composite material, institute the difference is that:
It 1, the use of casting model is metal mold, ceramic phase reinforcement isSilicon carbide ceramics cylinder andSilicon nitride ceramics cylinder, the two usage quantity is equal, and position is staggered.
2, each composition quality accounting in twin crystal inducing plasticity steel matrix are as follows: 0.5%C, 30.0%Mn, 2.0%Si,
6.0Al%, remaining is Fe.
It is tested using with the identical method of embodiment 1, measures the ceramics enhancing steel composite material as cast condition bending resistance of preparation
Qu Qiangdu reaches 895MPa.
Embodiment 6:
Using identical with embodiment 1 step production ceramics enhancing steel composite material, institute the difference is that:
It 1, the use of casting model is sand mold, ceramic phase reinforcement isSilicon nitride ceramics cylinder,
Zirconia ceramics cylinder,Aluminium oxide ceramics cylinder,Silicon carbide ceramics cylinder, four kinds of reinforcements
Usage quantity is equal, and position is staggered.
2, each composition quality accounting in twin crystal inducing plasticity steel matrix are as follows: 1.0%C, 25.0%Mn, 4.0%Si,
5.0Al%, remaining is Fe.
It is tested using with the identical method of embodiment 1, measures the ceramics enhancing steel composite material as cast condition bending resistance of preparation
Qu Qiangdu reaches 900MPa.
Embodiment 7:
Using identical with embodiment 1 step production ceramics enhancing steel composite material, institute the difference is that:
It 1, the use of casting model is disappearance type, ceramic phase reinforcement is the silicon nitride ceramic ball that diameter is 0.5.
2, each composition quality accounting in twin crystal inducing plasticity steel matrix are as follows: 1.5%C, 5.0%Mn, 2.0%Si,
1.0Al%, remaining is Fe.
It is tested using with the identical method of embodiment 1, measures the ceramics enhancing steel composite material as cast condition bending resistance of preparation
Qu Qiangdu reaches 823MPa.
Embodiment 8:
Using identical with embodiment 1 step production ceramics enhancing steel composite material, institute the difference is that:
It 1, the use of casting model is metal mold, ceramic phase reinforcement is silicon nitride ceramic ball, the silicon carbide that diameter is 10.0
Ceramic Balls, zirconia ceramics ball, aluminium oxide ceramic ball, the quantity that four kinds of reinforcements use is equal, and position is staggered.
2, each composition quality accounting in twin crystal inducing plasticity steel matrix are as follows: 2.0%C, 20.0%Mn, 0.05%Si,
6.0Al%, remaining is Fe.
It is tested using with the identical method of embodiment 1, measures the ceramics enhancing steel composite material as cast condition bending resistance of preparation
Qu Qiangdu reaches 900MPa.
Embodiment 9:
Using identical with embodiment 1 step production ceramics enhancing steel composite material, institute the difference is that:
It 1, the use of casting model is sand mold, ceramic phase reinforcement is the silicon carbide ceramics ball that diameter is 30.0.
2, each composition quality accounting in twin crystal inducing plasticity steel matrix are as follows: 0.4%C, 35.0%Mn, 1.0%Si,
0.05Al%, remaining is Fe.
It is tested using with the identical method of embodiment 1, measures the ceramics enhancing steel composite material as cast condition bending resistance of preparation
Qu Qiangdu reaches 820MPa.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of ceramics enhancing steel composite material, which is characterized in that the matrices of composite material is twin crystal inducing plasticity steel, used
Reinforcement is ceramics.
2. ceramics enhancing steel composite material as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the twin crystal inducing plasticity steel matrix at
Part mass ratio is 0.4~2.0%C, 5~35%Mn, 0.05~4%Si, 0.05~6%Al, surplus Fe.
3. ceramics enhancing steel composite material as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the ceramic phase reinforcement is carbonization silicon type
One or more of ceramics, type silicon nitride ceramics, zirconia-type ceramics or alumina type ceramics.
4. the ceramics enhancing steel composite material as described in one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that the ceramic phase reinforcement is
Sphere, cylinder or stick.
5. ceramics enhancing steel composite material as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the ceramic phase reinforcement is diameter range
For the sphere of 0.5~30mm, draw ratio 0.1~3 and 1~30mm of diameter range cylinder or 1~30mm of diameter range and
The stick of 20~200mm of length range.
6. it is a kind of prepare such as one of claim 1 to 5 ceramics enhancing steel composite material method, which is characterized in that including with
Lower step:
Step 1: ceramic phase reinforcement is fixed in the casting model made；It is equipped with twin crystal inducing plasticity steel raw matrix materials
And it is smelted into twin crystal inducing plasticity steel；
Step 2: liquid twin crystal inducing plasticity steel melted in step 1 is poured into above-mentioned casting moulds type；
Step 3: static freezing is cooling.
7. the method for ceramics enhancing steel composite material as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the casting model is sand
Type, metal mold or disappearance type.
8. the method for ceramics enhancing steel composite material as claimed in claims 6 or 7, which is characterized in that the ceramic phase reinforcement
For sphere, cylinder or stick.
9. the method for ceramics enhancing steel composite material as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the ceramic phase reinforcement is straight
Diameter range be 0.5~30mm sphere or draw ratio 0.1~3 and 1~30mm of diameter range cylinder or diameter range 1
The stick of~30mm and 20~200mm of length range.
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| CN201811498373.0A CN109371333A (en) | 2018-12-08 | 2018-12-08 | A kind of ceramics enhancing steel composite material and preparation method |
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| CN201811498373.0A CN109371333A (en) | 2018-12-08 | 2018-12-08 | A kind of ceramics enhancing steel composite material and preparation method |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5299620A (en) * | 1992-01-21 | 1994-04-05 | Deere & Company | Metal casting surface modification by powder impregnation |
| CN101623752A (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2010-01-13 | 安徽威尔耐磨材料制造有限公司 | Process for preparing wearable ceramic bar orientation arrangement reinforced steel or iron-based casting composite material |
| CN102389962A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2012-03-28 | 北京科技大学 | Particle infiltration casting process for preparing hard alloy/steel laminated composite material |
| CN102489686A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-06-13 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for preparing ceramic particle enhanced steel-base composite material cast by evaporative pattern casting die |
-
2018
- 2018-12-08 CN CN201811498373.0A patent/CN109371333A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5299620A (en) * | 1992-01-21 | 1994-04-05 | Deere & Company | Metal casting surface modification by powder impregnation |
| CN101623752A (en) * | 2009-08-06 | 2010-01-13 | 安徽威尔耐磨材料制造有限公司 | Process for preparing wearable ceramic bar orientation arrangement reinforced steel or iron-based casting composite material |
| CN102389962A (en) * | 2011-11-22 | 2012-03-28 | 北京科技大学 | Particle infiltration casting process for preparing hard alloy/steel laminated composite material |
| CN102489686A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-06-13 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for preparing ceramic particle enhanced steel-base composite material cast by evaporative pattern casting die |
| CN102489686B (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2015-03-11 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for preparing ceramic particle enhanced steel-base composite material cast by evaporative pattern casting die |
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