CN109366269B - High-precision full-automatic crankshaft grinding machine - Google Patents
High-precision full-automatic crankshaft grinding machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN109366269B CN109366269B CN201811496603.XA CN201811496603A CN109366269B CN 109366269 B CN109366269 B CN 109366269B CN 201811496603 A CN201811496603 A CN 201811496603A CN 109366269 B CN109366269 B CN 109366269B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004801 process automation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B5/36—Single-purpose machines or devices
- B24B5/42—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding crankshafts or crankpins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B47/00—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor
- B24B47/02—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for performing a reciprocating movement of carriages or work- tables
- B24B47/06—Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor for performing a reciprocating movement of carriages or work- tables by liquid or gas pressure only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
- B24B49/02—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B5/35—Accessories
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B5/35—Accessories
- B24B5/355—Feeding means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B5/36—Single-purpose machines or devices
- B24B5/42—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding crankshafts or crankpins
- B24B5/421—Supports therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B55/00—Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a high-precision full-automatic crankshaft grinder, which comprises a lathe bed; a tool apron mechanism; an automatic feeding mechanism; a center support mechanism; and an on-line detection mechanism. The high-precision full-automatic crankshaft grinder provided by the invention can realize the stable on-line detection function of the crankshaft journal, realize the automatic feeding and discharging function of the crankshaft after the on-line detection device is introduced, ensure that the journal is not deformed in the crankshaft machining process, ensure that the outer diameter and roundness of the crankshaft journal meet the requirements, improve the machining precision, realize the whole-process automation, avoid the increase of labor cost and improve the machining efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crankshaft machining equipment, and particularly relates to a high-precision full-automatic crankshaft grinding machine.
Background
In the machining process of the main journal and the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft, the surfaces of the main journal and the connecting rod journal are required to be ground, the size and the roundness of the outer diameter of the journal are required to meet the requirements in the grinding process, and meanwhile, the full automation of the grinding process of the crankshaft is also required, so that the labor is saved, and the machining efficiency is improved.
The online detector is introduced to detect the outer diameter of the machined journal on line so as to judge the machining degree and improve the machining precision, and the problem that how to effectively match the online detector with the machining process of the crankshaft journal to realize stable and automatic use of the online detector is one of the problems to be solved; in addition, after the on-line detector is introduced, the environment of a crankshaft grinder becomes complex, and the on-line detector is influenced by directly feeding and discharging of a crank shaft by adopting a truss, so that the problem of automatic feeding and discharging of the crank shaft after the on-line detector is introduced is solved; in addition, when the crankshaft grinds the surface of the journal of the crankshaft by the grinder, two ends of the crankshaft are positioned by the ejector pins, and the middle of the crankshaft can slightly deform the journal of the crankshaft due to self gravity and extrusion of the grinding wheel, so that the roundness of the journal of the crankshaft is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the high-precision full-automatic crankshaft grinder which can realize the stable on-line detection function of the crankshaft journal, realize the automatic feeding and discharging function of the crankshaft after the on-line detection device is introduced, ensure that the journal is not deformed in the crankshaft machining process, ensure that the outer diameter and roundness of the crankshaft journal meet the requirements, improve the machining precision, realize full-process automation, avoid increasing the labor cost and improve the machining efficiency.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following solutions: the high-precision full-automatic crankshaft grinder comprises a lathe bed, wherein the lathe bed is connected with a workbench in a sliding manner, and clamp assemblies used for positioning two ends of a crankshaft are arranged on the workbench; the knife rest mechanism comprises a knife rest and a knife rest driving device used for driving the knife rest to move, and the knife rest is provided with a knife body; the automatic feeding mechanism comprises a pair of bracket components which are arranged on the workbench surface and are respectively used for supporting the two ends of the crankshaft; the bracket assembly comprises a supporting arm and a bracket driving device used for driving the supporting arm to move along a fixed arc, a positioning groove is formed in the end part of the supporting arm, and the end part of the crankshaft is arranged in the positioning groove; the central supporting mechanism comprises a supporting frame, a supporting rod which is in sliding connection with the supporting frame, and a supporting rod driving device which is used for driving the supporting rod to stretch and retract, and the supporting frame is fixed on the working table top; the support rod comprises a first support rod and a second support rod, the first support rod comprises a first driving rod and a first support surface fixedly connected with the first driving rod, the first driving rod is horizontally arranged, and the first support surface is vertically arranged; the second supporting rod comprises a second driving rod and a second supporting surface fixedly connected with the second driving rod, the second driving rod is obliquely arranged, the second supporting surface is horizontally arranged, the first supporting surface is positioned on one side of the crankshaft away from the tool apron, and the second supporting surface is positioned at the bottom of the crankshaft; the first supporting surface and the second supporting surface are used for supporting a journal at the center of the crankshaft; the online detection mechanism comprises a support cross rod and a detection device fixed on the support cross rod, the support cross rod is positioned above the workbench surface, and the support cross rod is fixedly connected with the lathe bed; the detection device comprises a pair of detection probes which are distributed in parallel and a detection driving device which is used for driving the detection probes to move up and down along the workbench surface; the detection probe is clamped on the outer circumferential surface of the crankshaft journal, and the axial included angle between the detection probe and the crankshaft journal is not equal to 90 degrees.
Further, the bracket driving device comprises a driving box, a rack, an oil cylinder and a gear meshed with the rack; the driving box is in sliding connection with the workbench surface, a cylinder body of the oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the driving box, a piston rod of the oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the rack, the driving box is provided with a guide groove, and the rack is arranged in the guide groove; the gear is fixedly connected with a transmission shaft, one end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the gear, the other end of the transmission shaft is rotationally connected with a supporting seat, and the supporting seat is fixedly arranged in the driving box; the bracket assembly further comprises a driving arm fixedly connected with the supporting arm, the lower end of the driving arm is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft, the upper end of the driving arm is fixedly connected with the upper end of the supporting arm, and the positioning groove is positioned at the lower end of the supporting arm.
Further, the included angle between the driving arm and the supporting arm is 45-60 degrees.
Further, the support rod driving device is provided with 2 groups, and the 2 groups of support rod driving devices are respectively used for driving the first support rod and the second support rod to stretch; the support rod driving device comprises a screw rod, a nut seat and a motor for driving the screw rod to rotate, the nut seat is in threaded connection with the screw rod, one end of the screw rod is connected with the motor, the other end of the screw rod is fixedly connected with the support rod, and a coupler is arranged between the motor and the screw rod; one nut seat is fixedly connected with the first driving rod, and the other nut seat is fixedly connected with the second driving rod; the screw rods driving the first support rods to stretch out and draw back are distributed in parallel with the first driving rods, and the screw rods driving the second support rods to stretch out and draw back are distributed in parallel with the second driving rods.
Further, the support frame comprises a supporting part and a positioning part, the positioning part is positioned at one side close to the motor, and the supporting part is positioned at one side close to the supporting rod; the support part is provided with a support hole, the positioning part is provided with a positioning hole, the positioning hole and the support hole are coaxially arranged, and two ends of the screw rod are respectively arranged in the positioning hole and the support hole; a bearing is arranged between the positioning hole and the screw rod, an inner bushing is arranged at the end part of an inner ring of the bearing, an outer bushing is arranged at the end part of an outer ring of the bearing, and a bearing end cover for fixing the outer bushing is arranged on the end face of the positioning hole.
Further, the first driving rod is fixedly connected with a first supporting block, and the first supporting surface is positioned on the first supporting block; the second driving rod is fixedly connected with a second connecting rod which is horizontally arranged, the second connecting rod is fixedly connected with a second supporting block, and the second supporting surface is positioned on the second supporting block.
Further, the motor is a servo motor with a self-locking function.
Further, the detection driving device comprises a first cylinder and a second cylinder, the first cylinder comprises a first cylinder body and a first telescopic rod, and the second cylinder comprises a second cylinder body and a second telescopic rod; the first cylinder body is fixedly connected with the support cross rod, the first telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the second cylinder body, and the second telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the detection probe; the first telescopic rod and the supporting cross rod are vertically distributed, the second telescopic rod and the detection probe are parallelly distributed, and the included angle between the first telescopic rod and the second telescopic rod is 45 degrees.
Further, the support cross rod is fixedly connected with a fixing plate, the fixing plate is vertically distributed with the support cross rod, and the first cylinder body is fixedly connected with the fixing plate; the fixed plate is fixedly connected with a guide rail, the guide rail is distributed in parallel with the first telescopic rod, the first telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a sliding block, the sliding block comprises a first plane and a second plane, the first plane is distributed in parallel with the first telescopic rod, and the second plane is distributed in parallel with the second telescopic rod; the first plane is in sliding connection with the guide rail, and the second plane is fixedly connected with the second cylinder body; the second telescopic link fixedly connected with adapter, adapter fixedly connected with first adapter plate, first adapter plate bottom is provided with the second adapter plate perpendicularly, and detection probe fixedly connected with probe connecting block, second adapter plate and probe connecting block fixed connection.
Further, a first lug plate is vertically arranged at the bottom of the first adapter plate, a second lug plate is arranged at the top of the second adapter plate, a first central hole is formed in the first lug plate, a second central hole is formed in the second lug plate, and the first central hole and the second central hole are coaxially arranged; the first lug plates around the first central hole are provided with a plurality of first waist-shaped holes, the second lug plates around the second central hole are provided with a plurality of threaded holes, and the first waist-shaped holes are in threaded connection with the threaded holes; the first adapter plate is provided with a plurality of second waist-shaped holes, and the adapter block is fixedly connected with the first adapter plate through the second waist-shaped holes.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
According to the high-precision full-automatic crankshaft grinder disclosed by the invention, the detection device of the online detection mechanism is fixed above the workbench surface, the detection driving device can drive the detection probe to move up and down along the workbench surface, before machining, the detection driving device drives the detection probe to move down, so that the detection probe is obliquely clamped on the outer circumferential surface of the crankshaft journal, in the machining process, the detection probe is stably clamped on the outer circumferential surface of the crankshaft journal, the outer diameter of the crankshaft journal is detected in real time, after machining is finished, the detection driving device drives the detection probe to move up, so that the movement of the crankshaft is not influenced, manual operation is not needed in the whole process, and the machining efficiency is improved while the machining precision is ensured; the pair of bracket components of the automatic feeding mechanism are arranged on the workbench surface, the two ends of the crankshaft are respectively positioned on the positioning grooves, and the bracket driving device drives the supporting arms to move along the fixed arc line, so that the crankshaft positioned on the positioning grooves reaches the position of the clamp component from bottom to top, other devices are not influenced in the whole process, manual operation is not needed, and the processing efficiency is improved; the center supporting mechanism is supported at the shaft neck of the center of the crankshaft, the crankshaft has a tendency of tilting deformation in the direction of being vertical downwards and far away from the cutter body under the action of dead weight and the extrusion action of the cutter body, the second supporting surface is supported at the bottom of the crankshaft shaft neck and is used for counteracting the tendency of tilting deformation in the vertical downwards direction of the crankshaft, and the first supporting surface is propped against one side of the crankshaft shaft neck far away from the cutter body and is used for counteracting the tendency of tilting deformation in the direction of being far away from the cutter body of the crankshaft, so that the deformation of the crankshaft is avoided, and the roundness of the crankshaft shaft neck is guaranteed. In conclusion, the high-precision full-automatic crankshaft grinding machine can ensure that the size and roundness of the outer diameter of the journal meet the requirements during the grinding of the crankshaft, simultaneously meets the full automation of the grinding process of the crankshaft, saves manpower and improves the processing efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-precision fully automatic crankshaft grinder of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of the bracket assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a portion of the internal structure of the bracket assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the center support mechanism of the present invention;
fig. 5 is an enlarged view at a in fig. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a support frame of the center support mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the first support bar of the center support mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a second support bar of the center support mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a view angle of the detecting device according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of another view of the detection device of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a part of the structure of the detecting device of the present invention.
In the accompanying drawings:
100-bed, 110-table top, 120-head box, 130-tailstock box, 200-tool post, 210-grinding wheel, 300-carriage assembly, 311-drive arm, 312-support arm, 313-locating slot, 321-gear, 322-rack, 323-cylinder, 324-drive shaft, 325-guide slot, 326-support base, 327-drive box floor, 400-center support mechanism, 410-support frame, 411-locating portion, 412-support portion, 413-locating hole, 414-support hole, 421-motor, 422-lead screw, 423-nut seat, 424-coupler, 425-bearing, 426-inner bushing, 427-outer bushing, 428-bearing end cap, 430-first support rod, 431-first drive rod, 432-first support block, 433-first support surface, 440-second support rod, 441-second drive rod, 442-second connection rod, 443-second support block, 444-second support surface, 511-support rail, 512-vertical rod, 520-detection device 521-detection probe, 522-probe, 531-first support rod, 534-second support block, 545-support plate, 545-second support plate, and a, 544-support plate, whereby, i.e.e., roll-support rod, seat, 544-support rod, seat, and fixture, whereby there are provided with a plurality of pins, i.e., pins, and corresponding pins, whereby pins are located in the first support rods, and corresponding to pins, and corresponding pins, etc., 545 b-second central bore, 545 c-threaded bore, 600-crankshaft.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, as shown in fig. 1-11, a high precision full automatic crank grinding machine, comprising: the lathe comprises a lathe body 100, wherein the lathe body 100 is connected with a workbench surface 110 in a sliding manner, a head seat box body 120 and a tail seat box body 130 are arranged on the workbench surface 110, the head seat box body 120 is fixedly connected with the workbench surface 110, the tail seat box body 130 is connected with the workbench surface 110 in a sliding manner, the head seat box body 120 is rotationally connected with a first thimble, and the tail seat box body 130 is rotationally connected with a second thimble; the first thimble and the second thimble are used for positioning the end of the crankshaft 600; the tool apron mechanism comprises a tool apron 200 and a tool apron driving device for driving the tool apron 200 to move, the tool apron 200 is provided with a grinding wheel 210, and the grinding wheel 210 carries out grinding processing on the journal of the crankshaft 600; the automatic feeding mechanism comprises a pair of bracket assemblies 300, wherein the bracket assemblies 300 are arranged on the workbench 110, and the bracket assemblies 300 are respectively used for supporting and lifting two end parts of the crankshaft 600; the bracket assembly 300 includes a support arm 312 and a bracket driving device for driving the support arm 312 to move along a fixed arc, wherein a positioning groove 313 is arranged at the end of the support arm 312, and the end of the crankshaft 600 is arranged in the positioning groove 313; the center support mechanism 400, the center support mechanism 400 comprises a support frame 410, a support rod slidingly connected with the support frame 410, and a support rod driving device for driving the support rod to stretch and retract, wherein the support frame 410 is fixed on the working table 110; the support bar comprises a first support bar 430 and a second support bar 440, the first support bar 430 comprises a first driving bar 431 and a first support surface 433 fixedly connected with the first driving bar 431, the first driving bar 431 is horizontally arranged, and the first support surface 433 is vertically arranged; the second supporting rod 440 includes a second driving rod 441 and a second supporting surface 444 fixedly connected to the second driving rod 441, the second driving rod 441 is disposed obliquely, the second supporting surface 444 is disposed horizontally, the first supporting surface 433 is located at one side of the crankshaft 600 away from the tool holder 200, and the second supporting surface 444 is located at the bottom of the crankshaft 600; the first and second bearing surfaces 433, 444 serve to support journals at the center of the crankshaft 600; the online detection mechanism comprises a support cross rod 511 and a detection device 520 fixed on the support cross rod 511, wherein the support cross rod 511 is positioned above the workbench surface 110, and the support cross rod 511 is fixedly connected with the lathe bed 100; the detection device 520 comprises a pair of parallel detection probes 521 and a detection driving device for driving the detection probes 521 to move up and down along the table 110; the detection probe 521 is clamped on the outer circumferential surface of the journal of the crankshaft 600, and the axial included angle between the detection probe 521 and the journal of the crankshaft 600 is not equal to 90 °.
The tool apron mechanism and the on-line detection mechanism are located at one side of the table top 110, the automatic feeding mechanism and the center support mechanism 400 are located at the other side of the table top 110, a pair of bracket assemblies 300 of the automatic feeding mechanism are located between the head seat box 120 and the tail seat box 130, and the center support mechanism 400 is located between the pair of bracket assemblies 300.
Before the crankshaft 600 is processed, the detection driving device drives the detection device to be positioned at a position far away from the crankshaft 600, two ends of the crankshaft 600 are respectively arranged in the positioning grooves 313 of a pair of bracket assemblies 300 of the automatic feeding mechanism, the positioning grooves 313 are positioned on the worktable 110, the bracket driving device drives the supporting arms 312 to do circular motion, the crankshaft 600 positioned in the positioning grooves 313 at the end parts of the supporting arms 312 moves from bottom to top along with the movement of the supporting arms 312, and after the positions of the first thimble and the second thimble are reached, the first thimble and the second thimble clamp the two end parts of the crankshaft 600 to finish the feeding of the crankshaft 600, then the bracket driving device drives the supporting arms 312 to do reverse movement, and the supporting arms 312 return to the worktable 110; after the feeding is completed, the detection driving device drives the detection probe 521 to move downwards to reach the journal of the crankshaft 600, the detection probe 521 is obliquely clamped on the outer circumferential surface of the journal of the crankshaft 600, and the support rod driving device drives the support rod to extend out, so that the first support surface 433 is abutted against one side, far away from the tool apron 200, of the journal at the central position of the crankshaft 600, and the second support surface 444 is abutted against the bottom of the journal; subsequently, the crankshaft 600 starts to rotate, the grinding wheel 210 carries out grinding processing on the journal of the crankshaft 600, in the process, the detection probe 521 carries out real-time detection on the outer diameter of the journal of the crankshaft 600, the first supporting surface 433 and the second supporting surface 444 of the central supporting mechanism 400 respectively provide upward acting force to the crankshaft 600 and acting force to the direction of the grinding wheel 210, so as to offset the dead weight of the crankshaft 600 and the extrusion force of the grinding wheel 210 on the crankshaft 600, and ensure the processing precision in the processing process; after the processing is finished, the detection driving device drives the detection probe 521 to be far away from the crankshaft 600, the supporting rod driving device drives the supporting rod to be far away from the crankshaft 600, the automatic feeding mechanism drives the supporting arm 312 to move upwards to support the end part of the crankshaft 600 and then move downwards, and the unloading process is finished. The on-line detection mechanism ensures that the outer diameter of the crankshaft 600 meets the requirement, the center support mechanism 400 ensures that the roundness of the crankshaft 600 meets the requirement, the whole process is fully automated, manual operation is not needed, labor is saved, and the processing efficiency is improved.
In this embodiment, the bracket driving device includes a driving case, a rack 322, an oil cylinder 323, and a gear 321 engaged with the rack 322; the driving box is in sliding connection with the workbench surface 110, a cylinder body of the oil cylinder 323 is fixedly connected with a driving box bottom plate 327, a piston rod of the oil cylinder 323 is fixedly connected with the rack 322, the driving box bottom plate 327 is provided with a guide groove 325, and the rack 322 is arranged in the guide groove 325; the gear 321 is fixedly connected with a transmission shaft 324, one end of the transmission shaft 324 is fixedly connected with the gear 321, the other end of the transmission shaft 324 is rotationally connected with a supporting seat 326, and the supporting seat 326 is fixedly arranged in the driving box and is fixedly connected with a bottom plate 327 of the driving box; the bracket assembly 300 further comprises a driving arm 311 fixedly connected with the supporting arm 312, the lower end of the driving arm 311 is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft 324, the upper end of the driving arm 311 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the supporting arm 312, and the positioning groove 313 is positioned at the lower end of the supporting arm 312. The telescopic rod of the oil cylinder 323 pushes the rack 322 to linearly move, thereby driving the gear 321 to perform circular motion, further driving the transmission shaft 324 to perform circular motion, driving arm 311 fixed on the transmission shaft 324 performing circular motion, and supporting arm 312 fixedly connected with driving arm 311 also performing circular motion, so that the crankshaft 600 positioned on the positioning groove 313 at the end part of the supporting arm 312 moves up and down along a certain radian.
In this embodiment, the included angle between the driving arm 311 and the supporting arm 312 is 45 ° -60 °, so that the supporting arm 312 can stably lift the crankshaft 600.
In this embodiment, the support rod driving device is provided with 2 groups, and the 2 groups of support rod driving devices are respectively used for driving the first support rod 430 and the second support rod 440 to stretch and retract; the support rod driving device comprises a screw rod 422, a nut seat 423 and a motor 421 for driving the screw rod 422 to rotate, the nut seat 423 is in threaded connection with the screw rod 422, one end of the screw rod 422 is connected with the motor 421, the other end of the screw rod 422 is fixedly connected with the support rod, and a coupler 424 is arranged between the motor 421 and the screw rod 422; one nut seat 423 is fixedly connected with the first driving rod 431, and the other nut seat 423 is fixedly connected with the second driving rod 441; the motor 421 drives the screw rod 422 to rotate, and drives the nut seat 423 in threaded connection with the screw rod 422 to linearly move, so as to drive the support rod fixedly connected with the nut seat 423 to linearly move. The screw rods 422 for driving the first support rods 430 to extend and retract are distributed in parallel with the first driving rods 431, so that the first driving rods 431 are driven to horizontally move; the screw rods 422 driving the second support rods 440 to extend and retract are arranged in parallel with the second driving rods 441, so that the second driving rods 441 are driven to move obliquely, and the oblique movement can enable the feeding amount provided by the driving part to be distributed in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, so that the support is provided for the crankshaft 600.
In this embodiment, the support frame 410 includes a supporting portion 412 and a positioning portion 411, the positioning portion 411 is located at a side close to the motor 421, and the supporting portion 412 is located at a side close to the support bar; the supporting part 412 is provided with a supporting hole 414, the positioning part 411 is provided with a positioning hole 413, the positioning hole 413 and the supporting hole 414 are coaxially arranged, and two ends of the screw rod 422 are respectively arranged in the positioning hole 413 and the supporting hole 414; a bearing 425 is arranged between the positioning hole 413 and the screw rod, an inner bushing 426 is arranged at the inner ring end part of the bearing 425, an outer bushing 427 is arranged at the outer ring end part of the bearing 425, and a bearing end cover 428 for fixing the outer bushing 427 is arranged on the end surface of the positioning hole 413.
In this embodiment, the first driving rod 431 is fixedly connected to a first supporting block 432, and the first supporting surface 433 is located on the first supporting block 432; the second driving rod 441 is fixedly connected with a second connecting rod 442 which is horizontally arranged, the second connecting rod 442 is fixedly connected with a second supporting block 443, the second supporting surface 444 is positioned on the second supporting block 443, and the arrangement can ensure that the first supporting surface 433 and the second supporting surface 444 are vertically arranged, so that the supporting force is provided for the crankshaft 600 from two directions.
In this embodiment, the motor 421 is a servo motor 421 with a self-locking function, so that the deformation of the crankshaft 600 can be accurately repaired and compensated in real time.
In the present embodiment, the detection driving device includes a first cylinder including a first cylinder 531 and a first telescopic link 532, and a second cylinder including a second cylinder 541 and a second telescopic link 542; the first cylinder 531 is fixedly connected with the support cross bar 511, the first telescopic rod 532 is fixedly connected with the second cylinder 541, and the second telescopic rod 542 is fixedly connected with the detection probe 521; the first telescopic rod 532 is vertically distributed with the supporting cross rod 511, the second telescopic rod 542 is parallel to the detecting probe 521, and an acute angle between the first telescopic rod 532 and the second telescopic rod 542 is 45 °. The first cylinder 531 drives the first telescopic rod 532 to stretch and retract, can control the detection probe 521 to move up and down along the direction D1 perpendicular to the support cross bar 511, and the second cylinder 541 drives the second telescopic rod 542 to stretch and retract, can control the detection probe 521 to reciprocate along the direction D2, and the acute angle between the direction D2 and the direction D1 is 45 °, so that the first telescopic rod 532 and the second telescopic rod 542 can be adjusted to shrink when the detection probe 521 needs to be driven to be far away from the crankshaft 600, and the first telescopic rod 532 and the second telescopic rod 542 can be adjusted to stretch when the detection probe 521 needs to be driven to be close to the crankshaft 600.
In this embodiment, the supporting cross bar 511 is fixedly connected with a fixing plate 533, the fixing plate 533 is vertically distributed with the supporting cross bar 511, and the first cylinder 531 is fixedly connected with the fixing plate 533; the fixed plate 533 is fixedly connected with a guide rail 534, the guide rail 534 is distributed in parallel with the first telescopic rod 532, the first telescopic rod 532 is fixedly connected with a sliding block 535, the sliding block 535 comprises a first plane and a second plane, the first plane is distributed in parallel with the first telescopic rod 532, and the second plane is distributed in parallel with the second telescopic rod 542; the first plane is slidably connected to the guide rail 534, and the second plane is fixedly connected to the second cylinder 541; the second telescopic link 542 is fixedly connected with a switching block 543, the switching block 543 is fixedly connected with a first switching plate 544, a second switching plate 545 is vertically arranged at the bottom of the first switching plate 544, the detection probe 521 is fixedly connected with a probe connecting block 522, and the second switching plate 545 is fixedly connected with the probe connecting block 522. By the relative sliding of the slider 535 and the guide rail 534, the movement of the second cylinder relative to the first cylinder is realized, and the first plane and the second plane are respectively parallel to the first telescopic link 532 and the second telescopic link 542, so that the acute angle of the included angle of the first telescopic link 532 and the second telescopic link 542 is 45 °, and the acute angle of the included angle of the detection probe 521 and the support cross bar 511 is 45 °.
In this embodiment, a first ear plate 544a is vertically disposed at the bottom of the first adapter plate 544, a second ear plate 545a is disposed at the top of the second adapter plate 545, a first central hole 544b is formed in the first ear plate 544a, a second central hole 545b is formed in the second ear plate 545a, and the first central hole 544b and the second central hole 545b are coaxially disposed; a plurality of first waist-shaped holes 544c are formed in the first lug plate 544a around the first center hole 544b, a plurality of threaded holes 545c are formed in the second lug plate 545a around the second center hole 545b, and the first waist-shaped holes 544c are in threaded connection with the threaded holes 545 c. The first center hole 544b and the second center hole 545b are provided with a central shaft in a penetrating manner, and the connection position of the threaded hole 545c and the first waist-shaped hole 544c can be adjusted to adjust the included angle between the first ear plate 544a and the second ear plate 545a, so that the included angle between the detection probe 521 and the second telescopic rod 542 is adjusted, fine adjustment of the angle of the detection probe 521 relative to the journal of the crankshaft 600 is realized, and the detection probe 521 can be conveniently adjusted according to actual conditions, so that the detection probe 521 can be clamped at a proper position of the journal of the crankshaft 600.
In this embodiment, the first adapter plate 544 is provided with a plurality of second waist-shaped holes 544d, the adapter block 543 is fixedly connected with the first adapter plate 544 through the second waist-shaped holes 544d, and the relative positions of the detection probe 521 and the supporting cross bar 511 can be adjusted by adjusting the connection positions of the adapter block 543 and the second waist-shaped holes 544d, so that the detection probe 521 can adapt to a new processing position when the journal position of the crankshaft 600 is slightly changed.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention, not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified or some technical features may be replaced with other technical solutions, which may not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A high precision full automatic crankshaft grinder, comprising:
The lathe bed is connected with a workbench in a sliding manner, and clamp assemblies used for positioning two ends of a crankshaft are arranged on the workbench;
The tool apron mechanism comprises a tool apron and a tool apron driving device used for driving the tool apron to move, and the tool apron is provided with a tool body;
the automatic feeding mechanism comprises a pair of bracket components, wherein the bracket components are arranged on the workbench surface and are respectively used for supporting and lifting two end parts of a crankshaft; the bracket assembly comprises a supporting arm and a bracket driving device used for driving the supporting arm to move along a fixed arc, a positioning groove is formed in the end part of the supporting arm, and the end part of the crankshaft is arranged in the positioning groove;
The center supporting mechanism comprises a supporting frame, a supporting rod which is connected with the supporting frame in a sliding way, and a supporting rod driving device which is used for driving the supporting rod to stretch and retract, and the supporting frame is fixed on the working table surface; the support rod comprises a first support rod and a second support rod, the first support rod comprises a first driving rod and a first support surface fixedly connected with the first driving rod, the first driving rod is horizontally arranged, and the first support surface is vertically arranged; the second supporting rod comprises a second driving rod and a second supporting surface fixedly connected with the second driving rod, the second driving rod is obliquely arranged, the second supporting surface is horizontally arranged, the first supporting surface is positioned at one side of the crankshaft away from the tool apron, and the second supporting surface is positioned at the bottom of the crankshaft; the first and second bearing surfaces are configured to support journals of the crankshaft;
The online detection mechanism comprises a support cross rod and a detection device fixed on the support cross rod, wherein the support cross rod is positioned above the workbench surface and is fixedly connected with the lathe bed; the detection device comprises a pair of detection probes which are distributed in parallel and a detection driving device which is used for driving the detection probes to move up and down along the workbench surface; the detection probe is clamped on the outer circumferential surface of the crankshaft journal, and the axial included angle between the detection probe and the crankshaft journal is not equal to 90 degrees;
the detection driving device comprises a first cylinder and a second cylinder, wherein the first cylinder comprises a first cylinder body and a first telescopic rod, and the second cylinder comprises a second cylinder body and a second telescopic rod;
The first cylinder body is fixedly connected with the supporting cross rod, the first telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the second cylinder body, and the second telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the detection probe;
The first telescopic rods and the supporting cross rods are vertically distributed, the second telescopic rods and the detection probes are distributed in parallel, and the acute angle of the included angle between the first telescopic rods and the second telescopic rods is 45 degrees;
The first telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a sliding block, the sliding block comprises a first plane and a second plane, the first plane is parallel to the first telescopic rod, and the second plane is parallel to the second telescopic rod;
The support cross rod is fixedly connected with a fixing plate, the fixing plate is vertically distributed with the support cross rod, and the first cylinder body is fixedly connected with the fixing plate;
The fixed plate is fixedly connected with a guide rail, the guide rail and the first telescopic rod are distributed in parallel, the first plane is in sliding connection with the guide rail, and the second plane is fixedly connected with the second cylinder body;
The second telescopic rod is fixedly connected with an adapter block, the adapter block is fixedly connected with a first adapter plate, a second adapter plate is vertically arranged at the bottom of the first adapter plate, the detection probe is fixedly connected with a probe connecting block, and the second adapter plate is fixedly connected with the probe connecting block;
the bottom of the first adapter plate is vertically provided with a first ear plate, the top of the second adapter plate is provided with a second ear plate, the first ear plate is provided with a first central hole, the second ear plate is provided with a second central hole, and the first central hole and the second central hole are coaxially arranged;
The first lug plates around the first central hole are provided with a plurality of first waist-shaped holes, the second lug plates around the second central hole are provided with a plurality of threaded holes, and the first waist-shaped holes are in threaded connection with the threaded holes;
the first adapter plate is provided with a plurality of second waist-shaped holes, and the adapter block is fixedly connected with the first adapter plate through the second waist-shaped holes;
The bracket driving device comprises a driving box, a rack, an oil cylinder and a gear meshed with the rack;
The driving box is in sliding connection with the workbench surface, the cylinder body of the oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the driving box, the piston rod of the oil cylinder is fixedly connected with the rack, the driving box is provided with a guide groove, and the rack is arranged in the guide groove;
the gear is fixedly connected with a transmission shaft, one end of the transmission shaft is fixedly connected with the gear, the other end of the transmission shaft is rotationally connected with a supporting seat, and the supporting seat is fixedly arranged in the driving box;
the bracket assembly further comprises a driving arm fixedly connected with the supporting arm, the lower end of the driving arm is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft, the upper end of the driving arm is fixedly connected with the upper end of the supporting arm, and the positioning groove is positioned at the lower end of the supporting arm;
The included angle between the driving arm and the supporting arm is 45-60 degrees.
2. The high-precision full-automatic crankshaft grinder according to claim 1, wherein the support rod driving device is provided with 2 groups, and the 2 groups of support rod driving devices are respectively used for driving the first support rod and the second support rod to stretch and retract;
The support rod driving device comprises a screw rod, a nut seat and a motor for driving the screw rod to rotate, the nut seat is in threaded connection with the screw rod, one end of the screw rod is connected with the motor, the other end of the screw rod is fixedly connected with the support rod, and a coupler is arranged between the motor and the screw rod;
one nut seat is fixedly connected with the first driving rod, and the other nut seat is fixedly connected with the second driving rod;
the screw rods driving the first support rods to stretch out and draw back are distributed in parallel with the first driving rods, and the screw rods driving the second support rods to stretch out and draw back are distributed in parallel with the second driving rods.
3. The high-precision full-automatic crankshaft grinder of claim 2, wherein the support frame comprises a support portion and a positioning portion, the positioning portion is located at a side close to the motor, and the support portion is located at a side close to the support rod;
The support part is provided with a support hole, the positioning part is provided with a positioning hole, the positioning hole and the support hole are coaxially arranged, and two ends of the screw rod are respectively arranged in the positioning hole and the support hole;
The bearing is arranged between the positioning hole and the screw rod, an inner bushing is arranged at the end part of the inner ring of the bearing, an outer bushing is arranged at the end part of the outer ring of the bearing, and a bearing end cover for fixing the outer bushing is arranged on the end face of the positioning hole.
4. The high-precision full-automatic crankshaft grinder of claim 1, wherein the first drive rod is fixedly connected with a first support block, and the first support surface is positioned on the first support block;
The second driving rod is fixedly connected with a second connecting rod which is horizontally arranged, the second connecting rod is fixedly connected with a second supporting block, and the second supporting surface is positioned on the second supporting block.
5. The high-precision full-automatic crankshaft grinder of claim 3, wherein the motor is a servo motor with a self-locking function.
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| CN201811496603.XA CN109366269B (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2018-12-07 | High-precision full-automatic crankshaft grinding machine |
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| CN201811496603.XA CN109366269B (en) | 2018-12-07 | 2018-12-07 | High-precision full-automatic crankshaft grinding machine |
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| CN109366269B true CN109366269B (en) | 2024-07-16 |
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| CN111288951B (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2024-06-14 | 台州学院 | Crankshaft detection device |
| CN112798033A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-05-14 | 安徽华旦机械制造有限公司 | Automatic detection device for crankshaft production |
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| CN201407980Y (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2010-02-17 | 主新德科技股份有限公司 | Swing arm type external diameter measuring device |
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Application publication date: 20190222 Assignee: Chengdu Maixingte Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: SICHUAN PAN ASIA POWER TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Contract record no.: X2024980011870 Denomination of invention: A high-precision fully automatic crankshaft grinder Granted publication date: 20240716 License type: Common License Record date: 20240814 |
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