CN109365843B

CN109365843B - Cutting tool

Info

Publication number: CN109365843B
Application number: CN201811467085.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汤爱民; 李勋; 王许超; 江爱胜
Original assignee: Zhuzhou Cemented Carbide Cutting Tools Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhuzhou Cemented Carbide Cutting Tools Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-12-03
Filing date: 2018-12-03
Publication date: 2020-04-10
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-03
Also published as: CN109365843A

Abstract

The invention discloses a cutting tool, which comprises a tool body and a tool groove arranged on the tool body, wherein a blade is clamped in the tool groove, the blade is in a square basic shape on a horizontal projection plane, the side surface of the blade is sequentially provided with a main side surface, an auxiliary side surface and an angle side surface along the direction from the middle part to the end part, the main side surfaces of two adjacent side surfaces are side positioning surfaces of the blade and are in contact with the tool groove, the tool tip part of the blade is provided with a cutting part with the same cutting shape, the cutting part consists of two main cutting edges and an angle cutting edge connected between the two main cutting edges, and a variable included angle α is formed between the two main cutting edges of the cutting part on the upper surface, so that the requirements that 35 degrees is not less than α degrees and not more than 80 degrees are met, and the cutting tool has the advantages of.

Description

Cutting tool

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of turning, in particular to a cutting tool.

Background

In general turning, 35-degree rhombus and other parallelogram turning inserts have a relatively sharp tool nose and a wide machining space, and are widely applied to machining of excircle, end surfaces and the like. Divide into two sets of knife noses in four apex angles of this type of blade, every group knife nose comprises two acute angle contained angles and two obtuse angle knife noses and acute angle and obtuse angle knife nose circumference alternate arrangement, wherein only the contained angle is acute angle knife nose group can reach above technological effect, but this type of blade compares with the turning blade of triangle-shaped, square, and the economic nature is relatively poor. Meanwhile, the acute-angle tool nose cutting area is far away from the central clamping hole, the clamping stability is poor, the machined surface is not ideal, and the cutting efficiency is greatly limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a cutting tool with four sharp corners and high clamping stability.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

a cutting tool comprises a tool body and a tool groove formed in the tool body, wherein a blade is clamped in the tool groove, the blade is in a square basic shape on a horizontal projection plane and is surrounded by an upper surface, a lower surface and four side surfaces connecting the upper surface and the lower surface, a cutting part is arranged between every two adjacent side surfaces, the blade is symmetrical about a central axis, the side surfaces are sequentially provided with a main side surface, an auxiliary side surface and an angle side surface along the direction from the middle part to the end part, the main side surfaces of the two adjacent side surfaces are side positioning surfaces of the blade and are in contact with the tool groove, the tool nose part of the blade is provided with the cutting part with the same cutting shape, the cutting part comprises two main cutting edges and an angle cutting edge connected between the two main cutting edges, and a variable included angle α is formed between the two main cutting edges of the cutting part on the upper surface, and the included angle α is.

As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

the main side surface is an outer convex arc surface, the main side surface is positioned on a circumference on a projection plane parallel to the upper surface, and the circle center of the circumference is superposed with a projection point D1 of the central shaft.

The main side surface is an inwards concave arc-shaped surface, the main side surface is tangent to the same circumference on a projection plane parallel to the upper surface, and the circle center of the circumference is superposed with a projection point D1 of the central shaft.

The main side surface is a linear plane, the main side surface is tangent to the same circumference on a projection plane parallel to the upper surface, and the circle center of the circumference is superposed with a projection point D1 of the central shaft.

On a projection plane parallel to the upper surface, a projection point P1 at the joint of the main side surface and the two auxiliary side surfaces, a projection point D1 of the central shaft, and an included angle formed by connecting two projection points P1 and the projection point D1 are circumferential rotation angles β, and the included angle is not less than 30 degrees and not more than β degrees and not more than 60 degrees.

The main cutting edge is a straight cutting edge.

On a projection plane parallel to the upper surface, the shortest distance from the intersection point of two adjacent main cutting edge extension lines of the adjacent side surfaces to the circumference is L, the diameter of the circumference is D, and the following requirements are met: l is more than or equal to 0.2D and less than or equal to 0.5D.

The side surface is perpendicular to the upper surface.

The auxiliary side surface in contact with the knife groove is in contact with the inner side surface of the knife groove.

The cutter groove is internally provided with a fastener, and the blade is clamped and connected with the cutter body through the fastener.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

the invention discloses a cutting tool, wherein tool points of a blade are provided with identical acute angle cutting units, a single blade is provided with eight acute angle tool points which have excellent cost performance advantages, when the tool angle, namely an included angle α, is changed, the positioning structure of a main side surface for positioning the side surface is not changed because the positioning surface of the blade on the blade groove mainly comprises a bottom positioning surface and two side surface positioning surfaces, the side surface of the blade is composed of a main side surface, an auxiliary side surface and a corner side surface, the auxiliary side surface and the corner side surface are rear tool surfaces of the tool point part, the main side surface is arranged at the center of the side surface of the blade and does not participate in cutting, when the tool angle α is changed, the tool angle is changed, the shape of the main side surface does not need to be changed, when the main side surface is used as the side positioning surface, even if the tool angle α is changed, the side positioning surface of the cutting blade can be constant, the installation and positioning have better universality, different tool angles, namely, the blades α can be arranged in the same fixed cutter, the stock of the cutting tool can be greatly reduced, the stock of the cutting tool, the cutting tool point has the same turning efficiency, the cutting efficiency of the cutting edge positioning structure of the cutting tool point of the cutting tool can be improved, the cutting efficiency of the cutting edge of the same turning efficiency of the cutting edge α can be.

According to the cutting tool, the ratio of the thickness values of the side surface of the blade and the thickness value of the tool nose to the central shaft is accurately designed, so that the central hole of the blade can accommodate a large-diameter fastener, the clamping strength and stability of the blade are improved, vibration is not easy to occur in cutting, and the cutting efficiency and the machining surface precision of the blade are greatly improved.

The invention relates to a cutting tool, wherein a cutter groove is contacted with a main side surface of a blade to form side surface positioning contact in a direction of an approximately 90-degree included angle, a cutting part of a cutter point is accommodated between two side surface positioning surfaces in the cutter groove, a secondary side surface of the cutter point and the cutter groove can form concave-convex auxiliary positioning, when the secondary side surface of the blade is in a non-planar structure such as a round structure, the blade can rotate around a central shaft of the blade, and the cutting stability can be greatly reduced. The single turning tool can accommodate the inserts with different included angles of the tool nose, and has good universality.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of a blade according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of a first embodiment of the blade of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a cutting tool incorporating a first embodiment of the insert of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a front view of a cutting tool incorporating a first embodiment of the insert of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the blade of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a front view of a second embodiment of the blade of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view B-B of fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a third embodiment of the blade of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a front view of a third embodiment of the blade of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view C-C of FIG. 10.

Illustration of the drawings:

1. a blade; 2. an upper surface; 3. a lower surface; 4. a side surface; 41. a major side; 42. a minor side surface; 43. a corner side; 5. a cutting portion; 51. a main cutting edge; 52. a corner cutting edge; 6. a central shaft; 7. a central bore; 8. a circumference; 10. a cutter body; 11. a fastener; 12. a cutter groove; 121. a side positioning surface; 122. a bottom positioning surface; 1221. a groove; 123. accommodating grooves; 13. a gasket; 14. briquetting; 141. a locking member; 142. a positioning member.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific preferred embodiments of the description, without thereby limiting the scope of protection of the invention.

Example 1:

fig. 1 to 5 show a first embodiment of a cutting tool according to the invention, comprising a tool body 10 and a pocket 12 formed in the tool body 10, the pocket 12 holding an insert 1, the insert 1 having a square basic shape in a horizontal projection plane, the insert 1 being enclosed by an upper surface 2, a lower surface 3 and four side surfaces 4 connecting the upper surface 2 and the lower surface 3, the side surfaces 4 being formed by planar major side surfaces 41, planar minor side surfaces 42 and cylindrical corner side surfaces 43, adjacent major side surfaces 41 being perpendicular to each other in a projection plane parallel to the upper surface 2, the planar major side surfaces 41 of the insert 1 being side locating surfaces of the insert 1 and being in contact with the pocket 12, the minor side surfaces 42 intersecting the upper surface 2 or the lower surface 3 respectively to form major cutting edges 51, the side surfaces 43 intersecting the upper surface 2 or the lower surface 3 respectively to form corner cutting edges 52, a cutting portion 5 being provided between each adjacent side surfaces 4 and being provided at a point of the insert 1, the insert 1 being symmetrical with respect to a central axis 6, the cutting portion 5 being formed by two major cutting edges 51 and the cutting edges 52 connecting between the two major cutting edges 51, the cutting edges 52, the two cutting edges having the same cutting edge angle, the same cutting edge 5 being equal to the cutting strength of the cutting edge 5, the cutting edge 5 being equal to the cutting edge 5, the cutting edge 5 being equal to.

On a projection plane parallel to the upper surface 2, the main side surface 41 and the same circumference 8 are tangent at the same time, the circle center of the circumference 8 is superposed with a projection point D1 of the central axis 6, the closest distance from the intersection point of the extension lines of the two main cutting edges 51 in the same cutting part 5 to the circumference 8 is L, the diameter of the circumference 8 is D, and on the upper surface 2, the circumferential turning angle β of the main side surface 41 is satisfied, in order to ensure the cutting efficiency and the positioning strength of the cutting part 5 of the blade 1, that is, 30 degrees is more than or equal to β and less than or equal to 60 degrees, 0.2D is more than or equal to L and less than or equal to 0.5D, in the embodiment, β.

In this embodiment, the cutting tool further includes a fastening member 11, a spacer 13 and a pressing block 14, the pressing block 14 and the spacer 13 are disposed in a single tool slot 12, the blade 1 is located above the spacer 13, the pressing block 14 includes a positioning member 142 vertically disposed and a locking member 141 horizontally disposed, the positioning member 142 passes through the central hole 7 of the blade 1 and the spacer 13, a nut may be disposed above the positioning member 142 to fix the blade 1 and the spacer 13, the tool slot 12 presses the locking member 141 of the pressing block 14 through the fastening member 11 to clamp the blade 1 and the spacer 13, and the side surface 4 of the blade 1 is in side contact with the tool slot 12 through the main side surface 41. In other embodiments, the cutting tool may be designed to contact the pocket 12 only through the major side surface 41 or the minor side surface 42 in order to reduce manufacturing difficulties.

In this embodiment, the inside of the tool slot 12 is provided with two side positioning surfaces 121 and a bottom positioning surface 122, the bottom positioning surface 122 is provided with a groove 1221 for accommodating the pressing block 14, an included angle between the two side positioning surfaces 121 is approximately 90 °, the two side positioning surfaces 121 are respectively in contact with the main side surfaces 41 of two adjacent side surfaces 4 of the insert 1, and an accommodating groove 123 for accommodating the cutting portion 5 of the insert is provided between the two side positioning surfaces 121.

The cutter body 10 is provided with a mounting hole 15 for accommodating the fastener 11 on the circumferential surface adjacent to the cutter groove 12, the mounting hole 15 is communicated with the groove 1221, and the locking member 141 of the pressing block 14 is positioned below the mounting hole 15.

Example 2:

fig. 6 to 8 show a second embodiment of the cutting tool according to the invention, which differs from the first embodiment only in that the major side surface 41 is a concave arc surface, L =0.4D, α =75 °.

Example 3:

fig. 9 to 11 show a third embodiment of the cutting tool disclosed in the present invention, which is different from the first embodiment only in that the main side surface 41 is a convex arc surface, and in this embodiment, L =0.25D and α =60 °.

In the above embodiment, the upper surface 2 and the lower surface 3 of the insert 1 have the same shape, and the insert 1 has the eight cutting portions 5 that are completely the same, but the present invention is not limited to this, and in order to improve the cutting ability of the corner angle on the upper surface 2, the turning insert 1 may be designed such that only the cutting portion 5 of the upper surface 2 has the cutting ability, and the side surface 4 is provided with the clearance angle structure.

In the above embodiments, the insert 1 is provided with the central hole 7 penetrating through the upper surface 2 and the lower surface 3, and the central hole 7 is a straight hole structure, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the turning insert may be designed into other shapes or a non-hole clamping structure directly clamped by the upper surface 2 and the lower surface 3 according to different practical working conditions.

The foregoing is considered as illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, unless the technical spirit of the present invention departs from the content of the technical scheme of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cutting tool comprises a tool body (10) and a tool groove (12) formed in the tool body (10), wherein a blade (1) is clamped in the tool groove (12), the blade (1) has a square basic shape in a horizontal projection plane and is surrounded by an upper surface (2), a lower surface (3) and four side surfaces (4) connected with the upper surface (2) and the lower surface (3), a cutting part (5) is arranged between the adjacent side surfaces (4), the blade (1) is symmetrical about a central shaft (6), the cutting tool is characterized in that the side surfaces (4) are sequentially provided with a main side surface (41), an auxiliary side surface (42) and an angle side surface (43) along the direction from the middle part to the end part, the main side surfaces (41) of the two adjacent side surfaces (4) are side positioning surfaces of the blade (1) and are in contact with the tool groove (12), a cutting part (5) with the same cutting shape is arranged at the tool nose part of the blade (1), the cutting part (5) consists of two main cutting edges (51) and the upper cutting edge (52) connected between the two main cutting edges (51), the angle parts (84) is equal to or less than or equal to the angle (83), and the included angle (84) is less than or equal to the angle (83);

on a projection plane parallel to the upper surface (2), the main side surface (41) is located on a circumference (8), the center of the circumference (8) is overlapped with a projection point D1 of the central axis (6), a projection point P1 at the connection position of the main side surface (41) and the two auxiliary side surfaces (42), a projection point D1 of the central axis (6), an included angle formed by connecting lines of the two projection points P1 and the projection point D1 is a circumferential corner β, the closest distance from the intersection point of two extension lines close to the main cutting edges (51) of the adjacent side surfaces (4) to the circumference (8) is L, and the diameter of the circumference (8) is D, and the conditions that the angle is more than or equal to 30 degrees and less than or equal to β degrees and less than or equal to 60 degrees, and the angle is more than or equal to 0.2D and.

2. The cutting tool of claim 1, wherein: the main side surface (41) is an outer convex arc surface.

3. The cutting tool of claim 1, wherein: the main side surface (41) is an inner concave arc surface.

4. The cutting tool of claim 1, wherein: the main side surface (41) is a linear plane.

5. The cutting tool according to claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein: the main cutting edge (51) is a straight cutting edge.

6. The cutting tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the side surface (4) is perpendicular to the upper surface (2).

7. The cutting tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the auxiliary side surface (42) which is in contact with the knife groove (12) is in contact with the inner side surface of the knife groove (12).

8. The cutting tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: a fastening piece (11) is arranged in the cutter groove (12), and the blade (1) is clamped and connected with the cutter body (10) through the fastening piece (11).