CN109361271B - Enhanced electronic product wireless charging device and design method thereof - Google Patents
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- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
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Abstract
The invention discloses an enhanced electronic product wireless charging device which comprises a source coil, a transmitting coil, a receiving coil and a load coil, wherein the four coils are wound by enameled copper wiresNDuring design, firstly determining the radius of the cross section of an enameled copper wire, the turn distance of the conical coil along the axis direction, the minimum coil radius of each coil and the increment of the radius of the termination point of each turn of the coil compared with the radius of the starting point; then calculating the optimal resonance frequency of each coil; calculating the compensation capacitance required to be matched for each loop according to the calculated optimal resonance frequency of the coil; and the optimal frequency of the power supply at each distance is obtained according to the relation between the forward transmission coefficient and the power supply frequency. The invention solves the problem that the transmission performance is reduced due to the weakening of magnetic coupling along with the increase of the distance in the traditional wireless power transmission mode with the same four coil resonant frequencies, and greatly improves the transmission efficiency and the transmission distance of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless energy transmission, in particular to an enhanced electronic product wireless charging device and a design method thereof.
Background
Wireless power transmission techniques can be divided into three types: inductive coupling type wireless power transmission, microwave radiation type wireless power transmission and magnetic coupling resonance type wireless power transmission. Inductive coupling formula wireless power transmission mode, transmission distance is very limited, generally in 1cm within range, be fit for the miniwatt, short distance's application scenario, radiant type wireless power transmission mode, transmission distance is greater than transmission device's geometric dimensions far away, but its transmission power is less, and energy transmission direction receives very big restriction, all have serious injury to human body and other living beings, magnetic coupling resonance mode wireless power transmission mode is far away than inductive coupling formula transmission distance, compare in microwave radiation formula biography energy, influence to electromagnetic environment is less, and transmission power is great, consequently, receive more and more extensive concern and research.
Although the transmission distance is increased by the traditional two-coil magnetic coupling resonance type wireless energy transmission technology, a critical distance exists, once the distance between a transmitting end and a receiving end exceeds the critical distance, magnetic coupling is rapidly weakened, so that the transmission efficiency is rapidly reduced, and in order to increase the energy transmission efficiency, a four-coil transmission mode is proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an enhanced electronic product wireless charging device and a design method thereof, so that four coils resonate at the optimal resonant frequency, the function of cross coupling energy transmission among the coils is fully exerted, and the transmission distance and the transmission efficiency of energy are greatly improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the enhanced wireless charging device for the electronic products comprises a transmitting end and a receiving end, wherein the transmitting end is connected with a power supply, the receiving end is connected with a load, the transmitting end comprises a source coil and a transmitting coil, the circle centers of the source coil and the transmitting coil are on the same axis, the starting ends of the source coil and the transmitting coil are on the same vertical plane, the receiving end comprises a receiving coil and a load coil, the circle centers of the receiving coil and the load coil are on the same axis, the starting ends of the receiving coil and the load coil are on the same vertical plane, and the source coil, the transmitting coil, the receiving coil and the load coil are connected with the same vertical plane,The receiving coil and the load coil both adopt N turns of conical coils, wherein the minimum radius of the source coil and the minimum radius of the load coil are both r1The minimum radius of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are both r2，r1Less than r2The end with small radius of the transmitting end faces the end with small radius of the receiving end, the transmitting end and the receiving end are parallel to each other, the circle centers are on the same axis, the four coils of the transmitting end and the receiving end are connected with compensation capacitors, wherein the compensation capacitors of the source coil and the load coil are equal, the compensation capacitors of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are equal, and through the compensation capacitors, the resonant frequency of each coil is the frequency corresponding to the maximum quality factor of the loop where each coil is located.
Preferably, the radius of each coil changes uniformly from small to large, and the increment of the radius of the end point of each coil compared with the radius of the start point is r0The maximum radius of the source coil and the load coil are both r1+N·r0The maximum radius of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are both r2+N·r0。
Preferably, the turn-to-turn distances of the source coil, the transmitting coil, the receiving coil and the load coil along the respective axial direction are equal and are all d.
Preferably, the source coil, the transmitting coil, the receiving coil and the load coil are all formed by winding enameled copper wires, and the radius of the cross section of each enameled copper wire is rc。
A design method of an enhanced electronic product wireless charging device comprises the following steps:
(1) calculating the optimal resonance frequency f of the source coil and the load coil1And optimum resonance frequency f of the transmitter coil and the receiver coil2；
The equivalent radius of each conical coil is:
the optimum resonant frequency for each conical coil is:
wherein subscript m ═ 1,2, r'mDenotes the equivalent radius of the conical coil, r0Denotes the increment of the radius of the end point of each coil compared with the radius of the start point, c is the speed of light, mu0Is the vacuum permeability, ρ is the resistivity, N is the number of coil turns, rcIs the cross-sectional radius of the enameled copper wire, subscript c is the differentiating function, not the variable, rmRepresents the radius of the smallest coil of the conical coils;
the number of turns N of the four conical coils and the radius r of the cross section of the enameled copper wirecAre all equal, and the equivalent radius r 'of each coil'mRespectively substituting into formula (2) to obtain the optimal resonant frequency f of the source coil and the load coil1And the optimum resonance frequency f of the transmitter coil and the receiver coil2；
(2) Calculating compensation capacitance C of source coil and load coil1And compensation capacitors C for the transmitter coil and the receiver coil2；
The self-inductance of each coil is:
wherein, the subscript m is 1,2, mu0Is vacuum permeability, N is the number of coil turns, r'mDenotes the equivalent radius of the conical coil, rcIs the cross section radius of the enameled copper wire;
the inductance L of the source coil and the load coil can be obtained by respectively substituting the parameters of each coil into the formula (3)1And the inductances L of the transmitter coil 2 and the receiver coil2；
When the coil resonates, the relation between the resonant frequency and the compensation capacitor is as follows:
wherein m ═1,2，fmIndicating the resonance frequency, L, of the coilmThe self-inductance of the coil is expressed, and the resonance frequency and the inductance value of each coil are respectively substituted into the formula (4), so that the compensation capacitor C of the source coil and the load coil can be obtained1And compensation capacitors C for the transmitter coil and the receiver coil2；
(3) Calculating the optimal frequency f of the power supply0；
According to the equivalent circuit diagram of the present invention, the KVL equation for each loop can be listed as follows:
wherein Z is11＝RS+R1+j(ωL1-1/ωC1) Representing the loop impedance of the source coil, Z22＝R2+j(ωL2-1/ωC2) Representing the loop impedance of the transmitting coil, Z33＝R3+j(ωL2-1/ωC2) Representing the loop impedance of the receiving coil, Z44＝RL+R4+j(ωL1-1/ωC1) Denotes the loop impedance of the load coil, Mij(I ≠ j, I, j ═ 1,2,3,4) is the inter-coil mutual inductance, Ii(i-1, 2,3,4) is the current in the loop, Rs is the internal resistance of the power supply, R is1、R2、R3And R4Internal resistances, R, of source, transmitter, receiver and load coils, respectivelyLIs a load resistance, L1Representing the inductance of the source coil and the inductance of the load coil, L2Representing the inductance of the transmitter coil and the inductance of the receiver coil, C1Representing the compensation capacitance of the source coil and the compensation capacitance of the load coil, C2The compensation capacitance of the transmitting coil and the compensation capacitance of the receiving coil are represented, wherein omega is 2 pi f, and f is the power supply frequency;
the relationship between the currents can be obtained by calculation:
when the internal resistance Rs of the power supply and the load resistance RLWhen equal, the power efficiency eta and the forward transmission coefficient S21The relationship between them is as follows:
η＝|S21|2 (9)
forward transmission coefficient S21The relationship with the power supply frequency f is as follows:
wherein Rs and RLThe power supply internal resistance and the load resistance are respectively, and the definitions of other parameters are the same as the formula (5);
since ω is 2 pi f, the forward transmission coefficient S can be obtained from equation (10)21And (3) a relation with the power frequency f, wherein after the distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end is determined, the power frequency f is set within the range of 20MHz-140MHz, the power frequency f takes the step length of 0.01MHz as a step, and all frequency points obtained by the step are substituted into a formula (10), so that the forward transmission coefficients S corresponding to all the frequency points can be obtained21Coefficient of forward transmission S21The frequency point f corresponding to the maximum value is the optimal frequency f of the power supply0。
The invention uses the optimal frequency of the power supply as the excitation frequency and the optimal resonance frequency of each coil as the resonance frequency of the coil, so that the source coil and the transmitting coil transmit the energy from the transmitting end to the receiving end to the maximum extent, the effect of cross coupling energy transmission among the coils is fully utilized, the energy transmission efficiency and the energy transmission distance are greatly improved, and the high-efficiency and long-distance wireless charging of the enhanced electronic product is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the maximum forward transmission coefficient at each distance according to the present invention with a conventional wireless energy transmission method;
fig. 4 is a graph comparing the frequency of the present invention with the maximum value of the forward transmission coefficient in the conventional wireless energy transmission system.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the enhanced wireless charging device for electronic products comprises a transmitting end and a receiving end, wherein the transmitting end is connected with a power supply, the receiving end is connected with a load, the transmitting end comprises a source coil and a transmitting coil, the circle centers of the source coil and the transmitting coil are on the same axis, the starting ends of the source coil and the transmitting coil are on the same vertical plane, the receiving end comprises a receiving coil and a load coil, the circle centers of the receiving coil and the load coil are on the same axis, the starting ends of the receiving coil and the load coil are on the same vertical plane, the source coil, the transmitting coil, the receiving coil and the load coil are all N turns of conical coils formed by winding enamelled copper wires, and the radius of the cross section of each enamelled copper wire is rcThe turn-to-turn distances of the four coils along the respective axis directions are equal and are d, the radius of each coil changes uniformly from small to large, and the increment of the radius of the termination point of each coil compared with the radius of the initial point is r0Wherein the minimum radius of the source coil and the load coil are both r1The minimum radius of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are both r2，r1Less than r2The maximum radius of the source coil and the load coil are both r1+N·r0The maximum radius of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are both r2+N·r0The end with small radius of the transmitting end faces the end with small radius of the receiving end, the transmitting end and the receiving end are parallel to each other, the circle centers are on the same axis, the four coils of the transmitting end and the receiving end are connected with compensation capacitors, wherein the compensation capacitors of the source coil and the load coil are equal, the compensation capacitors of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are equal, and through the compensation capacitors, the resonant frequency of each coil is the frequency corresponding to the maximum quality factor of the loop where each coil is located.
A design method of an enhanced electronic product wireless charging device comprises the following steps:
(1) calculating the optimal resonance frequency f of the source coil and the load coil1And optimum resonance frequency f of the transmitter coil and the receiver coil2；
The equivalent radius of each conical coil is:
the optimum resonant frequency for each conical coil is:
wherein subscript m ═ 1,2, r'mDenotes the equivalent radius of the conical coil, r0Denotes the increment of the radius of the end point of each coil compared with the radius of the start point, c is the speed of light, mu0Is the vacuum permeability, ρ is the resistivity, N is the number of coil turns, rcIs the cross-sectional radius of the enameled copper wire, subscript c is the differentiating function, not the variable, rmRepresents the radius of the smallest coil of the conical coils;
the number of turns N of the four conical coils and the radius r of the cross section of the enameled copper wirecAre all equal, and the equivalent radius r 'of each coil'mRespectively substituting into formula (2) to obtain the optimal resonant frequency f of the source coil and the load coil1And the optimum resonance frequency f of the transmitter coil and the receiver coil2；
(2) Calculating compensation capacitance C of source coil and load coil1And compensation capacitors C for the transmitter coil and the receiver coil2；
The self-inductance of each coil is:
wherein, the subscript m is 1,2, mu0Is vacuum permeability, N is the number of coil turns, r'mDenotes the equivalent radius of the conical coil, rcIs the cross section radius of the enameled copper wire;
the inductance L of the source coil and the load coil can be obtained by respectively substituting the parameters of each coil into the formula (3)1And the inductances L of the transmitter coil 2 and the receiver coil2；
When the coil resonates, the relation between the resonant frequency and the compensation capacitor is as follows:
wherein m is 1,2, fmIndicating the resonance frequency, L, of the coilmThe self-inductance of the coil is expressed, and the resonance frequency and the inductance value of each coil are respectively substituted into the formula (4), so that the compensation capacitor C of the source coil and the load coil can be obtained1And compensation capacitors C for the transmitter coil and the receiver coil2；
(3) Calculating the optimal frequency f of the power supply0；
According to the equivalent circuit diagram of the present invention, the KVL equation for each loop can be listed as follows:
wherein Z is11＝RS+R1+j(ωL1-1/ωC1) Representing the loop impedance of the source coil, Z22＝R2+j(ωL2-1/ωC2) Denotes a transmission lineLoop impedance of the loop, Z33＝R3+j(ωL2-1/ωC2) Representing the loop impedance of the receiving coil, Z44＝RL+R4+j(ωL1-1/ωC1) Denotes the loop impedance of the load coil, Mij(I ≠ j, I, j ═ 1,2,3,4) is the inter-coil mutual inductance, Ii(i-1, 2,3,4) is the current in the loop, Rs is the internal resistance of the power supply, R is1、R2、R3And R4Internal resistances, R, of source, transmitter, receiver and load coils, respectivelyLIs a load resistance, L1Representing the inductance of the source coil and the inductance of the load coil, L2Representing the inductance of the transmitter coil and the inductance of the receiver coil, C1Representing the compensation capacitance of the source coil and the compensation capacitance of the load coil, C2The compensation capacitance of the transmitting coil and the compensation capacitance of the receiving coil are represented, wherein omega is 2 pi f, and f is the power supply frequency;
the relationship between the currents can be obtained by calculation:
when the internal resistance Rs of the power supply and the load resistance RLWhen equal, the power efficiency eta and the forward transmission coefficient S21The relationship between them is as follows:
η＝|S21|2 (9)
forward transmission coefficient S21The relationship with the power supply frequency f is as follows:
wherein Rs and RLThe power supply internal resistance and the load resistance are respectively, and the definitions of other parameters are the same as the formula (5);
since ω is 2 pi f, the forward transmission coefficient S can be obtained from equation (10)21And (3) a relation with the power frequency f, wherein after the distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end is determined, the power frequency f is set within the range of 20MHz-140MHz, the power frequency f takes the step length of 0.01MHz as a step, and all frequency points obtained by the step are substituted into a formula (10), so that the forward transmission coefficients S corresponding to all the frequency points can be obtained21Coefficient of forward transmission S21The frequency point f corresponding to the maximum value is the optimal frequency f of the power supply0。
FIG. 3 is a comparison graph of the maximum value of the forward transmission coefficient of the wireless energy transmission mode with the same resonance frequency as that of the conventional four coils at each distance, and it can be seen from FIG. 3 that the forward transmission coefficient S of the wireless energy transmission mode of the present invention21The value of (A) is floated between 0.8 and 1, and the forward transmission coefficient S of the traditional wireless energy transmission mode with four coils having the same resonant frequency21The maximum value of the forward transmission coefficient value of the wireless energy transmission mode provided by the invention is near 0.8, the forward transmission coefficient value of the wireless energy transmission mode starts to decrease at a position of 50cm, the decreasing speed is slow, the wireless energy transmission mode with the same resonance frequency of the traditional four coils starts to decrease at a position of 15cm, the decreasing speed is extremely fast, and when the distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end is equal to 35cm, the value of the forward transmission coefficient is decreased to 0, so that the transmission efficiency and the transmission distance of the wireless energy transmission mode provided by the invention are far greater than those of the wireless energy transmission mode with the same resonance frequency of the traditional four coils.
Fig. 4 is a frequency contrast diagram corresponding to the case where the forward transmission coefficient of the wireless energy transmission method of the present invention is the maximum, which is the same as the resonant frequency of the conventional four coils. As can be seen from fig. 4, in the wireless energy transmission mode with the same resonant frequency of the four conventional coils, the optimal frequency of the power supply at each distance is near 93MHz, and the optimal frequency of the power supply in the wireless energy transmission mode provided by the present invention is near 53.5 MHz.
The invention uses the optimal frequency of the power supply as the excitation frequency and the optimal resonance frequency of each coil as the resonance frequency of the coil, so that the source coil and the transmitting coil transmit the energy from the transmitting end to the receiving end to the maximum extent, the effect of cross coupling energy transmission among the coils is fully utilized, the energy transmission efficiency and the energy transmission distance are greatly improved, and the high-efficiency and long-distance wireless charging of the enhanced electronic product is realized.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides an enhancement mode electronic product wireless charging device which characterized in that: including transmitting terminal and receiving terminal, the transmitting terminal is connected the power, and the load is connected to the receiving terminal, the transmitting terminal includes source coil and transmitting coil, and the centre of a circle of source coil and transmitting coil is on same axis, and the initiating terminal of source coil and transmitting coil is on same vertical face, the receiving terminal includes receiving coil and load coil, and the centre of a circle of receiving coil and load coil is on same axis, and the initiating terminal of receiving coil and load coil is on same vertical face, source coil, transmitting coil, receiving coil and load coil all adopt N circle taper coil, and wherein, the minimum radius of source coil and load coil is r1The minimum radius of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are both r2，r1Less than r2The end with small radius of the transmitting end faces to the end with small radius of the receiving end, the transmitting end and the receiving end are parallel, the circle centers are on the same axis, the four coils of the transmitting end and the receiving end are connected with compensation capacitors, wherein the compensation capacitors of the source coil and the load coil are equal, the compensation capacitors of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are equal, and the resonance frequency of each coil is the frequency corresponding to the maximum quality factor of the loop where each coil is located through the compensation capacitors;
the radius of each coil is changed from small to large uniformly, and the increment of the radius of the end point of each coil compared with the radius of the initial point is r0The maximum radius of the source coil and the load coil are both r1+N·r0The maximum radius of the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are both r2+N·r0(ii) a The turn-to-turn distances of the source coil, the transmitting coil, the receiving coil and the load coil along the respective axis directions are equal and are all d; the source coil, the transmitting coil, the receiving coil and the load coil are all formed by winding enameled copper wires, and the radius of the cross section of each enameled copper wire is rc；
The specific design method of the enhanced electronic product wireless charging device comprises the following steps:
(1) calculating the optimal resonance frequency f of the source coil and the load coil1And optimum resonance frequency f of the transmitter coil and the receiver coil2；
The equivalent radius of each conical coil is:
the optimum resonant frequency for each conical coil is:
wherein subscript m ═ 1,2, r'mDenotes the equivalent radius of the conical coil, r0Denotes the increment of the radius of the end point of each coil compared with the radius of the start point, c is the speed of light, mu0Is the vacuum permeability, ρ is the resistivity, N is the number of coil turns, rcIs the cross-sectional radius of the enameled copper wire, subscript c is the differentiating function, not the variable, rmRepresents the radius of the smallest coil of the conical coils;
the number of turns N of the four conical coils and the radius r of the cross section of the enameled copper wirecAre all equal, and the equivalent radius r 'of each coil'mRespectively substituting into formula (2) to obtain the optimal resonant frequency f of the source coil and the load coil1And the optimum resonance frequency f of the transmitter coil and the receiver coil2；
(2) Calculating compensation capacitance C of source coil and load coil1And compensation capacitors C for the transmitter coil and the receiver coil2；
The self-inductance of each coil is:
wherein, the subscript m is 1,2, mu0Is vacuum permeability, N is the number of coil turns, r'mDenotes the equivalent radius of the conical coil, rcIs the cross section radius of the enameled copper wire;
the inductance L of the source coil and the load coil can be obtained by respectively substituting the parameters of each coil into the formula (3)1And the inductances L of the transmitter coil 2 and the receiver coil2；
When the coil resonates, the relation between the resonant frequency and the compensation capacitor is as follows:
wherein, subscript m is 1,2, fmIndicating the resonance frequency, L, of the coilmThe self-inductance of the coil is expressed, and the resonance frequency and the inductance value of each coil are respectively substituted into the formula (4), so that the compensation capacitor C of the source coil and the load coil can be obtained1And compensation capacitors C for the transmitter coil and the receiver coil2；
(3) Calculating the optimal frequency f of the power supply0；
According to the equivalent circuit diagram of the present invention, the KVL equation for each loop can be listed as follows:
wherein Z11 ═ RS + R1+ j (ω L1-1/ω C1) denotes the loop impedance of the source coil, Z22 ═ R2+ j (ω L2-1/ω C2) denotes the loop impedance of the transmit coil, Z33 ═ R3+ j (ω L2-1/ω C2) indicating the loop impedance of the receiver coil, Z44 ═ RL + R4+ j (ω L1-1/ω C1) indicating the loop impedance of the load coil, Mij(I ≠ j, I, j ═ 1,2,3,4) is the inter-coil mutual inductance, Ii(i-1, 2,3,4) is the current in the loop, Rs is the internal resistance of the power supply, R is1、R2、R3And R4Internal resistances, R, of source, transmitter, receiver and load coils, respectivelyLIs a load resistance, L1Representing the inductance of the source coil and the inductance of the load coil, L2Representing the inductance of the transmitter coil and the inductance of the receiver coil, C1Representing the compensation capacitance of the source coil and the compensation capacitance of the load coil, C2The compensation capacitance of the transmitting coil and the compensation capacitance of the receiving coil are represented, wherein omega is 2 pi f, and f is the power supply frequency;
the relationship between the currents can be obtained by calculation:
when the internal resistance Rs of the power supply and the load resistance RLWhen equal, the power efficiency eta and the forward transmission coefficient S21The relationship between them is as follows:
η＝|S21|2 (9)
forward transmission coefficient S21The relationship with the power supply frequency f is as follows:
in the formula, Rs and RL are power supply internal resistance and load resistance respectively, and the definitions of the other parameters are the same as those of the formula (5);
since ω is 2 pi f, the forward transmission coefficient S can be obtained from equation (10)21And (3) a relation with the power frequency f, wherein after the distance between the transmitting end and the receiving end is determined, the power frequency f is set within the range of 20MHz-140MHz, the power frequency f takes the step length of 0.01MHz as the step, all frequency points obtained by the step are substituted into a formula (10), a relation graph of the forward transmission coefficient S21 and the power frequency f can be obtained, the frequency point f corresponding to the maximum value of the forward transmission coefficient S21 can be obtained according to the relation graph, and the frequency f at the moment is the optimal frequency f of the power supply0。
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