CN109360271B - Riversection scale-based beach water level determination method with repeatability - Google Patents

Riversection scale-based beach water level determination method with repeatability Download PDF

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CN109360271B
CN109360271B CN201811201610.2A CN201811201610A CN109360271B CN 109360271 B CN109360271 B CN 109360271B CN 201811201610 A CN201811201610 A CN 201811201610A CN 109360271 B CN109360271 B CN 109360271B
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water level
curve
river reach
derivative
beach
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CN109360271A (en
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刘亚
郑力
姚仕明
朱勇辉
汪飞
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Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute Changjiang Water Resources Commission
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for determining the level of a flat beach with repeatability based on river reach dimensions, which comprises the following steps: collecting digital actual measurement terrain data of the whole river reach; reading the lowest point and the highest point elevations of the whole river reach, and drawing a relation curve of the water level and the water level of the river reach by taking the water level as an abscissa and the water level of the river reach as an ordinate with the ranges of the lowest point and the highest point elevations; and determining the inflection point of the curve by using the second derivative, wherein the abscissa value corresponding to the inflection point is the beach water level. According to the basic principle that the storage capacity of the channel of the river reach under the flat beach water level is increased sharply, the method gives clear mathematical meanings to the channel, overcomes the disadvantages of weak representativeness, large subjectivity and the like caused by selecting a typical section and analyzing geometrical characteristics in the traditional method, has the advantage of repeatability, and provides a more accurate way for acquiring the flat beach water level of the river.

Description

Riversection scale-based beach water level determination method with repeatability
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to a method for determining the level of a flat beach with repeatability based on river reach dimensions.
Background
The flat beach water level refers to the water level which is flush with the elevation of the flood beach surface of the river. Under normal conditions, the flow rate of water flow corresponding to the water level is large, the sand conveying capacity is high, and the bed building effect is strong, so that the flow corresponding to the flat water level, namely the flat flow, is also used for estimating the bed building flow. In a geometrical sense, the beach water level is usually a turning point at which the section form is suddenly widened; in a dynamic sense, the beach water level is a turning point of the power action of incoming water and sand from the molding main trough to the molding beach, so that the concept of the beach water level has important significance on the riverbed evolution science.
At present, the following methods are mainly used for determining the water level of the flat beach: one is a field observation method, which is mainly judged according to the geomorphic characteristics of a section, and comprises the determination of the geomorphic characteristics of the tail of a beach, the abrupt change point of a bank slope, the judgment according to the change of plants on the bank, the highest line of erosion, the top of the bank slope and the like; one is based on the cross section shape of the riverbed, and adopts certain geometric standards to estimate: such as section width-depth ratio extreme value method, adopting important change point in relation of water passing area and water surface width, or water level corresponding to the first maximum bank slope value from high to low, etc. The first method described above, although having the concept of a long river reach, has a large estimation subjectivity and is limited in application to rivers where flood beaches are not obvious. The second method, although improved somewhat subjectivity, is limited by the choice of typical sections; for river reach with great change of the riverbed form along the way, the position of the representative section and the number of the representative sections directly influence the accuracy of the determination of the beach water level.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a river reach scale-based beach water level determination method with repeatability, which can solve the problems of strong subjectivity and low calculation accuracy in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for determining the level of a flat beach with repeatability based on river reach dimensions comprises the following steps:
step 1, collecting digital terrain data of a river reach;
step 2, reading the lowest point elevation Z of the whole river reachminAnd highest point elevation Zmax；
Step 3, drawing a relation curve of the tank storage amount and the water level by taking the water level Z as an abscissa and the tank storage amount Q as an ordinate;
step 4, solving a second derivative of a relation curve of the tank storage amount and the water level by adopting a numerical solution method;
and 5, solving in the step 4 to obtain the maximum value of the second derivative of the relation curve of the tank storage amount and the water level, namely the beach water level.
In the step 3, different methods are selected according to the type of the collected digital terrain data to calculate the river reach groove storage: if the topographic data is of a section type, calculating the storage capacity of the tank by adopting a section method; and if the terrain data is of a continuous scattered point type or a DEM data type, calculating the groove storage amount by adopting surfer, techplot and ArcGIS three-dimensional drawing software.
The range of the abscissa in the step 3 is the lowest point Z of the river reachminTo the highest point ZmaxSelecting n equidistant elevation values Zi(i is 1 to n), the size of n is determined according to the range of the elevation and the required precision, and Z is calculated respectivelyi(i is 1 to n) corresponding to the groove storage amount Qi(i-1-n) and plot the curve Q-f (z).
The step of solving the second derivative of the relation curve between the tank storage quantity Q and the water level Z in the step 4 is as follows:
(1) solving the first derivative of the curve Q ═ f (Z) by using a center difference method:
f′(Zi)＝(Qi+1-Qi-1)/(Zi+1-Zi-1) (i is 2 to n-1), and drawing a curve Q '═ f' (Z);
(2) solving the second derivative of the curve Q ═ f (Z) by using a center difference method:
f″(Zi)＝(Q′i+1-Q′i-1)/(Z′i+1-Z′i-1) (i is 2 to n-1), and a curve Q ″ (Z) is plotted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the basic principle that the storage capacity of the channel of the river reach under the flat beach water level is increased sharply, the method gives clear mathematical meanings to the channel, overcomes the disadvantages of weak representativeness, large subjectivity and the like caused by selecting a typical section and analyzing geometrical characteristics in the traditional method, has the advantage of repeatability, and provides a more accurate way for acquiring the flat beach water level of the river.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing a relationship between a tank storage amount and a water level, and first and second derivative curves thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present invention provides a technical solution:
(1) collecting digital topographic data of the river reach; (2) reading lowest point elevation Z of whole river sectionminAnd highest point elevation Zmax(ii) a (3) Drawing a relation curve of the tank storage amount and the water level by taking the water level Z as an abscissa and the tank storage amount Q as an ordinate; (4) and solving a second derivative of a relation curve of the tank storage and the water level by adopting a numerical solution method.
The specific steps of the embodiment are as follows:
(1) collecting digitized topographic data of a river reach of about 50km of the total length of the downstream Jingjiang in the middle of the Yangtze river;
(2) lowest elevation Z of river reachminIs-16 m; elevation Z of highest pointmaxIs 34 m.
(3) In this embodiment, the collected topographic data is of a three-dimensional scatter type, surfer is used to calculate the tank storage, the water level interval is 1m, and a curve of the relationship between the tank storage and the water level is shown as q (z) in fig. 2.
(4) The first derivative of the tank storage-water level relation curve Q (Z) is obtained by using a center difference method, as shown by Q' (Z) in FIG. 2.
(5) On the basis of the first derivative curve Q '(Z), the second derivative of the tank storage-water level relation curve Q (Z) is calculated by adopting a center difference method, as shown by Q' (Z) in FIG. 2.
(6) Second derivative maximum Q ″)maxThe corresponding water level Z ═ 18m is the flat water level of the river reach.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (4)

1. A method for determining the level of a flat beach with repeatability based on river reach dimensions is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, collecting digital terrain data of a river reach;
step 2, reading the lowest point elevation Z of the whole river reachminAnd highest point elevation Zmax；
Step 3, drawing a relation curve of the tank storage amount and the water level by taking the water level Z as an abscissa and the tank storage amount Q as an ordinate;
step 4, solving a second derivative of a relation curve of the tank storage amount and the water level by adopting a numerical solution method;
and 5, solving in the step 4 to obtain the maximum value of the second derivative of the relation curve of the tank storage amount and the water level, namely the beach water level.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 3, the river reach trench storage is calculated by selecting different methods according to the type of the collected digital terrain data: if the topographic data is of a section type, calculating the storage capacity of the tank by adopting a section method; and if the terrain data is of a continuous scattered point type or a DEM data type, calculating the groove storage amount by adopting surfer, techplot and ArcGIS three-dimensional drawing software.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the range of the abscissa in step 3 is the lowest point Z of the river reachminTo the highest point ZmaxSelecting n equidistant elevation values Zi(i is 1 to n), the size of n is determined according to the range of the elevation and the required precision, and Z is calculated respectivelyi(i is 1 to n) corresponding to the groove storage amount Qi(i-1-n) and plot the curve Q-f (z).
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the step of solving the second derivative of the curve of the channel storage Q and the water level Z in step 4 is as follows:
(1) solving the first derivative of the curve Q ═ f (Z) by using a center difference method: f' (Z)i)＝(Qi+1-Qi-1)/(Zi+1-Zi-1) (i is 2 to n-1), and drawing a curve Q '═ f' (Z);
(2) solving the second derivative of the curve Q ═ f (Z) by using a center difference method: f' (Z)i)＝(Q′i+1-Q′i-1)/(Z′i+1-Z′i-1) (i is 2 to n-1), and a curve Q ″ (Z) is plotted.
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CN111104746B (en) * 2019-12-20 2022-09-23 河海大学 River flood beach elevation determination method based on wavelet analysis
CN116356752B (en) * 2023-03-03 2024-04-02 长江水利委员会水文局 Method for rapidly calculating river plain water level under strong flushing condition

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CN103149177A (en) * 2013-01-14 2013-06-12 天津先阳科技发展有限公司 Device and method for detecting biological tissue of pressure modulation near infrared spectrum
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